Workable Level Research Articles

Alkali-Activated Slag as Sustainable Binder for Pervious Concrete and Structural Plaster: A Feasibility Study.

In the realm of sustainable construction materials, the quest for low-environmental-impact binders has gained momentum. Addressing the global demand for concrete, several alternatives have been proposed to mitigate the carbon footprint associated with traditional Portland cement production. Despite technological advancements, property inconsistencies and cost considerations, the wholesale replacement of Portland cement remains a challenge. This study investigates the feasibility of using alkali-activated slag (AAS)-based binders for two specific applications: structural plaster and pervious concrete. The research aims to develop an M10-grade AAS plaster with a 28-day compressive strength of at least 10 MPa for the retrofitting of masonry buildings. The plaster achieved suitable levels of workability and applicability by trowel as well as a 28-day compressive strength of 10.8 MPa, and the level shrinkage was reduced by up to 45% through the inclusion of shrinkage-reducing admixtures. Additionally, this study explores the use of tunnel muck as a recycled aggregate in AAS pervious concrete, achieving a compressive strength up to 20 MPa and a permeability rate from 500 to 3000 mm/min. The relationship between aggregate size and the physical and mechanical properties of no-fines concretes usually used for cement-based pervious concrete was also confirmed. Furthermore, the environmental impacts of these materials, including their global warming potential (GWP) and gross energy requirement (GER), are compared to those of conventional mortars and concretes. The findings highlight that AAS materials reduce the GWP from 50 to 75% and the GER by about 10-30% compared to their traditional counterparts.

Exploring work ability, psychosocial job demands and resources of employees in low-skilled jobs: a German cross-sectional study

BackgroundExtending working lives due to labour market and pension regulations makes maintaining and promoting work ability necessary. The coronavirus pandemic has shown that employees in low-skilled jobs (no qualification required) contribute significantly to society and the economy. Research on these employees has been neglected in Germany for many decades despite demanding working conditions. Therefore, we investigate the relationship between low-skilled jobs and work ability. Moreover, we explore this relationship’s variation by psychosocial work demands and resources.MethodsWe use two waves of the German Study on Mental Health at Work (S-MGA). We calculate Ordinary-Least-Squares (OLS) regression models with pooled data (n = 6,050) to analyse the relationship between job requirement level and work ability. We also explore the contribution of job demands and resources on this relationship with interaction models. We use the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ), to assess psychosocial work demands and resources.ResultsEmployees performing low-skilled jobs report significantly less work ability than those in medium- or high-skilled jobs. Interaction models show significantly greater work ability for employees in medium- and high-skilled jobs with high influence on their work (amount or tasks). Unexpectedly, employees in low-skilled jobs have lower work ability with more influence on their work. Furthermore, high role clarity, describing responsibility, authority and work goals, is associated with lower levels of work ability among employees in low-skilled jobs.ConclusionsThe moderating effect of role clarity on the work ability of employees in low-skilled jobs can possibly be attributed to skills mismatch and limited responsibility, as well as a lack of self-perceived collective purpose of the job. The moderation of the influence on work dimension supports results of previous studies. Too much job autonomy can have negative effects under certain circumstances and is therefore perceived as a job demand in some studies. Consequently, mechanisms concerning psychosocial work demands and resources must be investigated in further studies with different theoretical approaches. The imbalance of job demands and resources shows that employers should invest in preserving the work ability to prevent early exit from the labour market in an aging society.

Job Burnout, Work Health Management Interference, and Organizational Health Climate Among Employees with Varied Levels of Work Ability.

The presence of chronic health conditions (CHCs), without sufficient personal and job resources, can impede one's ability to effectively perform work tasks and manage job demands. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of job burnout and perceptions of work health management interference (WHMI) and organizational health climate (OHC) among employees with varied levels of work ability (WA). We also examined relationships among these variables and with sociodemographic and job-related variables (e.g., age, number of physician-diagnosed conditions). A convenience sample of 878 adults living and working in the United States who responded to a recruitment message via professional listservs/email lists and social media participated in a non-experimental, cross-sectional online survey. Participants reported sociodemographic and job-related items, as well as measures to evaluate WA, burnout, WHMI, and OHC. Statistically significant differences in burnout, WHMI, and OHC were observed across WA groups. Workers with poor WA reported the highest levels of overall burnout, WMHI, and the least supportive OHC. A more supportive OHC was associated with lower burnout. A strong inverse relationship between WA and the number of physician-diagnosed conditions was observed; weak relationships between WA and age, as well as WA and managerial status, were found. Employees with lower levels of WA tended to report higher levels of burnout and WHMI and lower levels of OHC. Findings provide a foundation for future research to examine causal relationships among these variables and to inform actions to both preserve WA and support worker well-being.

Assessment of job satisfaction and work ability in a confectionery factory : A Cross-Sectional Study

IntroductionJob satisfaction is a fundamental pillar of the modern workplace. Recognizing the significance of job satisfaction and actively promoting it has become a strategic imperative in today’s work environment.ObjectivesThe present study aimed to assess job satisfaction and work ability among workers in a confectionery factory.MethodsA cross-sectional study conducted in a Sfax confectionery factory included 200 workers. Data were collected between December 2022 and July 2023 using a pre-established questionnaire. This questionnaire encompassed an evaluation of socio-demographic and professional data, measuring the degree of professional satisfaction and the level of work ability using a visual analogue scale ranging from 0 to 10.ResultsThe gender ratio was 0.64. The mean age was 33.2 ± 8.8 years. Among our workers, 77.5% reported being satisfied with their work. The average perceived work ability score was 8.15 ± 2.087. Employees with higher levels of satisfaction were more likely to have increased work capacity (p = 0.000). Elevated job satisfaction not only boosts work capacity but can also reduce stress levels, improve overall mental well-being, and contribute to a healthier workplace environment. These factors collectively lead to higher work ability.Conclusions These findings emphasize the importance of prioritizing employee well-being to enhance overall productivity and company success. Fostering a work environment that prioritizes job satisfaction can lead to a more productive and successful workplace.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

Development and characterization of non-proprietary ultra high performance concrete

This paper presents the developmental process of ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC), the most advanced form of concrete. The entire process exclusively utilized locally available materials. The mixes were prepared without using any specialized mixer or treatments, such as elevated pressure, etc. The primary objective of the research was to develop low-cost non-proprietary version of UHPC by optimizing both cementitious and non-cementitious materials to attain the highest levels of workability, compressive strength, flexural strength and durability. The research utilizes a trial-and-error approach, subjecting specimens to curing in both regular and heated water. The findings validate the viability of producing self-compacting UHPC with compressive strength ranging from 120 to 160 MPa, employing local materials and manufacturing methods. Raw materials and mixing sequence had a significant influence on the fresh and hardened properties of UHPC. The inclusion of steel fibers and the application of heat treatment remarkably enhanced the compressive strength. Furthermore, cost analysis revealed that this particular UHPC is only slightly over four times more expensive than conventional concrete, in contrast to commercially available UHPC, which is approximately 10 times expensive than traditional concrete.

Validity and Reliability of Work Ability Index in Turkish Context: Inter-Level, Direct, and Indirect Relations with Job Satisfaction and Task Performance

ABSTRACT Descriptive research on work ability is well advanced. However, literature is still far from explaining its consequences. Besides, Turkish literature has been quite limited in terms of considering the work ability concept. In the research, the work ability index, and task performance scale were adapted to Turkish. The research was patterned with quantitative method. According to findings, the improvement of work ability levels and increase in job satisfaction and task performance are related in the same direction. Moreover, work ability positively contributes to directly predicting job satisfaction and task performance. Furthermore, work ability positively contributes to indirectly predicting task performance through job satisfaction. This mediation effect, determined for the first time, is an important research finding regarding its contribution to literature. Apart from these, there are significant differences in work ability among age groups, and certain age group categories have a moderating effect on the relationship between work ability and task performance. This study demonstrated that work ability index is a valid and reliable tool for the Turkish sample. Besides, the study provides holistic findings thanks to work ability levels and direct and indirect effect analysis. The theoretical and practical implications were discussed, and directions were made to further research.

Optimisation on the Hybridisation Ratio of Pulverised Fuel Ash and Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (PFA - GGBS) for the Fabrication of Geopolymer Mortar

The current cement industry has several environmental and social problems, including high greenhouse gas emissions, air pollution, water consumption, and the generation of large quantities of waste. This matter has grown into a significant concern, and there is now a pressing requirement to substitute the conventional binding material in concrete, namely Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). This paper presents the report on the hybridisation of two industrial by-products, namely pulverised fuel ash (PFA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), to produce an alternative binder known as geopolymer. A set of 11 hybrid PFA-GGBS geopolymeric mortar mixes was created using the complete range of hybridisation ratios, along with different water-to-binder ratios. The freshly mixed hybrid PFA-GGBS geopolymeric mortar was put through a flow table test to examine the required water-to-binder ratio to achieve the targeted level of workability. Afterward, all the samples were allowed to cure at room temperature before undergoing a destructive test to measure their compressive strength. According to the study's findings, the highest compressive strength of 4.6 MPa was achieved with a PFA-GGBS hybridisation ratio of 60-40 in the geopolymeric mortar. However, when the content of GGBS exceeded 40 %, the compressive strength of the hybrid PFA-GGBS geopolymeric mortar produced tended to decrease. Additionally, as the replacement level of GGBS increased, the required water-to-binder ratio also increased to maintain the targeted level of workability, ranging between 0.31-0.41. The PFA-GGBS hybridisation ratios of 60/40, 50/50, 40/60, and 30/70 have shown promising properties to be further refined regarding their application in cementless concrete. Moreover, the study conducted to replace cement as a binder in concrete has the potential to make the construction industry more sustainable and reduce carbon emissions by utilising industrial waste ash that would need to be affordable, strong, durable, and widely available in order to be practical.

Raw-crushed wind-turbine blade: Waste characterization and suitability for use in concrete production

Many of the first wind-turbine installations are reaching the end of their useful life, so their blades have to be replaced. Inexpensive, sustainable, and straightforward recycling solutions are therefore needed. The conversion of turbine blades into raw materials for concrete solutions is proposed in this paper, through a novel recycling process entailing non-selective cutting, crushing, and sieving of the blade walls, without component separation. The material, Raw-Crushed Wind-Turbine Blade (RCWTB), consists of fiberglass-composite fibers, polyurethane, and balsa-wood particles. It serves as concrete fibers and aggregates, according to its physical and microscopic characterizations. A customized concrete mix design and a five-stage mixing procedure with up to 6% RCWTB achieved suitable workability levels. The compressive strength of the RCWTB concrete was 40 MPa, and it had a higher load-bearing capacity and a lower carbon footprint than ordinary concrete. The results encourage research on the overall performance of RCWTB concretes.

Perceived work-ability and its associated factors among nurses working in the Northwest of Amhara regional state Referral Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022

BackgroundNurses with reduced work ability had a high risk of disability pension, sickness absences, retirement intention, and leave their job and profession early. Nurses frequently suffer from job related stress, occupational fatigue and sleep problems, which can further compromise their work ability.Aims of the studyThe aim of this study was to assess perceived work ability and its associated factors among nurses working in the Northwest of Amhara regional state Referral Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022.MethodsA multicenter, an institutional based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 410 nurses working in five selected Referral hospitals, found in the Northwest of Amhara regional state, Northwest Ethiopia, 2022. The data were collected using a structured, self-administered questionnaire and entered using Epi info version 7.2.5 software, analyzed using SPSS version 25. Summary statistics (median or IQR for continuous data and frequency and percentage for categorical variables) were used. The ordinal logistic regression was used to assess’ the presence of association between dependent and independent variables.ResultsThe findings of this study revealed that 59.0% of nurses had poor level of work ability, whereas 34.4% and 6.6% of nurses had sub-optimal and optimal level of work ability respectively. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression revealed that being male [AOR = 2.43; 95% CI (1.52, 3.91)], being BSC nurse [AOR = 0.21; 95% CI (0.08, 0.51)], nurses who had poor sleep quality [AOR = 0.34; 95% CI (0.12, 0.98)] and nurses who had chronic disease [AOR = 0.18; 95% CI (0.08, 0.41)] were significantly associated with nurses’ level of work ability, p-value < 0.05.ConclusionsIn this study, the prevalence of poor level of work ability among nurses was high. Nurses with a female sex, nurses who had chronic disease, BSC holders and nurses who had poor sleep quality had a poor level of work ability. The federal Minister of health and the study hospitals collaborative with concerned stakeholders to design strategies to enhance work ability among nurses.

Utilization of coal gangue power generation industry by-product CFA in cement: Workability, rheological behavior and microstructure of blended cement paste

Circulating fluidized bed fly ash (CFA), by-product of coal gangue power generation industry based on circulating fluidized bed combustion technology, differs from ordinary fly ash (OFA) in its physical and chemical properties. This paper aims to investigate the influences of CFA with three particle sizes on the workability and rheological properties of cement paste. The results show that untreated raw CFA (RCFA) can significantly degrade many properties of fresh cement paste. Directly using CFA as a mineral admixture in cement-based materials is not suitable in terms of workability. However, CFA through grinding methods can significantly mitigate the detrimental effect of CFA on the flowability of cement paste. When 15% ultrafine CFA (UCFA) was added, the cement paste exhibited relatively favorable workability and rheological properties. The rheological behavior of cement paste containing CFA with three particle sizes follow the shear thinning, which is in line with the modified Bingham model. Furthermore, the reasons for the impact of CFA on the microscopic level of cement workability are analyzed and discussed. The addition of CFA reduces the amount of free solution in the cement paste, leading to the formation of a flocculated structure and an increase in the thixotropic loop area. Based on the analysis of TOC, BET and TEM, it was determined that numerous polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PCE) molecules are adsorbed onto the rough and porous surface structure of CFA particles, hence the destructive ability of PCE to the flocculation structure caused by cement hydration is weakened. Therefore, the mechanism that CFA affecting the working performance of cement paste can be determined as: the adsorption of free water and PCE molecules.

Psychosocial factors associated with workability after surgery in cancer survivors: An explorative study.

This study aimed to evaluate the work ability and its associated factors in patients with glioma (II, III) and breast cancer after 6 (T0) and 12 (T1) months from surgery. A total of 99 patients were evaluated with self-reported questionnaires at T0 and T1. Correlation and Mann-Whitney tests were used to investigate the association between work ability and sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors. The Wilcoxon test was used to investigate the longitudinal change in work ability. Our sample showed a decrease in work ability level between T0 and T1. Work ability was associated with emotional distress, disability, resilience, and social support in glioma III patients at T0, and with fatigue, disability, and clinical treatments in patients with breast cancer at T0 and T1. Work ability levels decreased in patients with glioma and breast cancer and were associated with different psychosocial factors after surgery. Their investigation is suggested to facilitate the return to work.

Application of aluminum oxide nanoparticles in asphalt cement toward non-polluted green environment using linear regression

In order to decrease the greenhouse gas emissions generated by regular Portland cement (OPC), additional cementitious ingredients have been frequently employed, even while building road bases. OPC's susceptibility to moisture and lack of flexibility make it ineffective for stabilizing road bases. This research used alkali-activated materials (AAM) with fly ash to investigate the mechanical properties of cold asphalt binder (freeze-thaw cycles) including the compressive, flexural strength, workability and porosity of cement. Dry specimens and specimens in distilled water have both been used in the experiments to study these temperature correlations. One sample was tested at 20 °C, and the other was frozen and thawed five times at a temperature of −5 °C (cold region environment). The resulting mixtures' morphologies and microstructures were analyzed via SEM images. During the 7 to 28-day curing period, the mixture's growth ratio rose. The combination registered both the greatest and lowest robust elastic modulus. The total compressive strength of the material decreased as the water-to-cement ratio increased due to the greater amount of free water accessible with a higher cationic asphalt emulsion (CAE) content. The moderate loss of flexural strength with increasing CAE concentration after 7 and 28 days of curing was seen. There is not a major impact on flexural strength in the materials by looking at the very modest gaps in flexural strength between 7 and 28 days curing periods. Due to the particle shape and size of this precursor, FA's inclusion allowed for a lower water to binder rate while maintaining a similar level of workability. The porosity and water absorption values rose with FA substitutions. Further studies might clarify the lower flexural strength observed in this study by adding other hybrids plus fly ash such as lime or nanoparticles.

СОЦІАЛЬНО-ГУМАНІТАРНА КРИЗА ЯК НАСЛІДОК РОСІЙСЬКОЇ АГРЕСІЇ ПРОТИ УКРАЇНИ

Russian aggression against Ukraine has caused a number of difficult, crisis situations, which have become stressful, crisis, and traumatic for various segments of the population. The social and humanitarian crisis in Ukraine is a consequence of the dangerous access to regions and places of assistance for national and international humanitarian organizations, due to existing and emerging logistical limitations; spread of risks associated with shelling, bombing throughout the country, with explosive objects; the need to ensure safe access to areas where hostilities continue; deterioration of physical and mental health, aggravation of social and psychological problems. The population is most in need of humanitarian, social and financial support in order to be able to provide themselves with the most important and necessary goods and services. People with disabilities, people with chronic diseases and the elderly find themselves in increasingly vulnerable situations due to interruptions in treatment and problems accessing appropriate health services. The death of people of working age and those who migrated abroad reduced the supply of skilled labor. At the same time, the number of workers with disabilities is increasing, and their level of work ability and the list of jobs they can perform are different from the pre-war period. The postponement of marriage and the birth of children due to the war increased the supply of women in the labor market. Also, the presence of a family breadwinner in the armed forces or the loss of one has resulted in women having to take on more responsibilities to provide for the basic needs of their families. An increase in child labor rates due to the spread of poverty and the loss of opportunities for education, especially higher education, is also expected. The social crisis is exacerbated by the problem of poverty, especially among the working population. To solve these problems, a purposeful policy is needed, based on the economic and financial capabilities of the state and the maximum efficiency of their use. One of the important factors in supporting the population and overcoming threats to social security in wartime is jobs. They contribute to the development of the economy, increasing the purchasing power of the population, and are a reliable tool for overcoming poverty.

Characteristic Compressive Strength of Concrete with the Use Granite Powder Additive

Granite Powder (GP) is industrial byproducts generated from the granite polishing and milling industry in powder form. The byproduct is left largely unused and is hazardous materials to human health because they are airborne and can be easily inhaled. GP was used as an additive to the concrete to explore the possibility of increasing the mechanical properties (compressive strength) of the concrete. The slump, compressive strength and water absorption test were performed on fresh and hardened concrete. The addition of GP to concrete to serve as an additive shows an improvement in the compressive strength of the concrete. The highest 3-day compressive strength (23.03 N/mm2) was recorded at 10% GP addition level while the lowest 3-day compressive strength (20.47 N/mm2) was recorded at 2.5% GP addition level. The highest 28-day compressive strength (28.29 N/mm2) was recorded at 10% GP addition level while the lowest 28 days compressive strength (27.40 N/mm2) was recorded at 2.5% GP addition level. Peak compressive strength of 33.40 N/mm2 was obtained at 56 days when 10% GP was added in the concrete production. The workability of the concrete decreased with increase in GP replacements. Therefore a higher water to cement ratio will be required to maintain a certain level of workability. In conclusion, employing GP as an additive in concrete helped in boosting the mechanical properties of concrete. The GP at 10% addition is the best choice among other concrete mixtures as it is equivalent to grade 30 concrete suitable for producing post tensioned concrete.

SAFETY AND QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN THE ORGANIZATION USING RISK ASSESSMENT AT THE WORKPLACES OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES

Increasing the effectiveness of safety and quality management systems is one of the most important ways to ensure the sustainable development of any organization. Employment of people with disabilities is a significant challenge for safety and quality management systems, as it can potentially increase the risk of hazards related to employee injury or property damage due to growing manufacturing defects. Therefore, the implementation of an effective risk management system is an urgent problem. The article analyzes the ways of risk management at the workplace of people with disabilities using the clauses of probability theory. Calculation of the probability of influence the level of employee's work ability on the growth of risk in the context of safety and quality showed that the most effective way to minimize risk is to develop a flexible work schedule for employees with disabilities, as well as giving to the employee with a high degree of loss of professional ability such work production tasks, characterized by the circulation of low-value products. Calculations carried out using the Bayes` formula showed that the most effective way of managing safety and quality at the workplaces of employees with disabilities is to reduce the volume of production tasks. As a result of the calculation, it was determined that reducing the volume of production tasks by 10% decreases the probability of getting injuries of an employee with persistent functional changes in the health state by 11%. These measures will allow the organization to avoid severe restrictions on the level of working ability of persons with disabilities in their employment, as well as to minimize risks in the context of safety and quality of work.

Work Ability and Analysis of Stress-Relevant Coping With Demands of Teachers-A Cross-Sectional Comparative Study in Germany and Ukraine.

The aim of this study was to identify strain factors and compare work ability and stress-relevant coping with demands for German and Ukrainian teachers. Data from 147 German and 291 Ukraine teachers were examined. A professional history questionnaire, the Work Ability Index, and a questionnaire for the analysis of stress-relevant coping with demands (inability to recover subscale) were used. The differences among the age groups in the two countries were evaluated. German teachers reported more demands than Ukrainian teachers did. The Work Ability Index score indicates a moderate level of work ability for both groups of teachers. German teachers are more unable to recover than Ukrainian teachers are ( P < 0.001), and older German teachers are significantly less able to recover than their Ukrainian counterparts are. Health intervention and promotion are necessary, especially for older teachers.

Rheological Behavior of High-Performance Shotcrete Mixtures Containing Colloidal Silica and Silica Fume Using the Bingham Model.

There have been numerous studies on shotcrete based on strength and durability. However, few studies have been conducted on rheological characteristics, which are very important parameters for evaluating the pumpability and shootability of shotcrete. In those studies, silica fume has been generally used as a mineral admixture to simultaneously enhance the strength, durability, pumpability, and shootability of shotcrete. Silica fume is well-known to significantly increase the viscosity of a mixture and to prevent material sliding at the receiving surface when used in shotcrete mixtures. However, the use of silica fume in shotcrete increases the possibility of plastic shrinkage cracking owing to its very high fineness, and further, silica fume increases the cost of manufacturing the shotcrete mixture because of its cost and handling. Colloidal silica is a new material in which nano-silica is dispersed in water, and it could solve the above-mentioned problems. The purpose of this research is to develop high-performance shotcrete with appropriate levels of strength and workability as well as use colloidal silica for normal structures without a tunnel structure. Thereafter, the workability of shotcrete with colloidal silica (2, 3, and 4%) was evaluated with a particle size of 10 nm and silica fume replacement (4 and 7%) of cement. In this study, an air-entraining agent for producing high-performance shotcrete was also used. The rheological properties of fresh shotcrete mixtures were estimated using an ICAR rheometer and the measured rheological parameters such as flow resistance and torque viscosity were correlated with the workability and shootability. More appropriate results will be focusing on the Bingham model properties such that the main focus here is to compare all data using the Bingham model and its performance. The pumpability, shootability, and build-up thickness characteristics were also evaluated for the performance of the shotcrete. This research mainly focuses on the Bingham model for absolute value because it creates an exact linear line in a graphical analysis, which provides more appropriate results for measuring the shotcrete performance rather than ICAR rheometer relative data.

Utilizing a Baculovirus/Insect Cell Expression System and Expressed Protein Ligation (EPL) for Protein Semisynthesis.

Protein semisynthesis has been used for the chemoselective linking of synthetic peptides and recombinant protein fragments to generate complete native proteins in good yield. The ability to site-selectively incorporate multiple post-translational chemical modifications (PTMs) into proteins via this approach shows great potential for enhancing understanding of the molecular basis of protein function and regulation. Protein semisynthesis, however, often requires high expression efficiency of the recombinant protein fragments (i.e., high expression yield and ability to preserve protein biological functions), which can be hard to achieve for some human enzymes when using bacterial expression systems. Here, we describe how to use a baculovirus/insect cell expression system and a protein semisynthesis strategy known as expressed protein ligation (EPL) to produce workable levels of proteins of interest containing site-specific chemical modifications. The protocol provides detailed guidance for generating protein C-terminal thioesters for use with the EPL reaction, performing the EPL reaction, and purifying the protein ligation product. We exemplify the protocols by generating protein kinase Akt1 with site-specific phosphorylations installed into its C-terminal tail, for kinetic kinase assays. We hope these methods will help increase the use of protein semisynthesis for elucidating the post-translational regulation of human enzymes involved in cell signaling. © 2022 Wiley Periodicals LLC Basic Protocol 1: Generation of the N-terminal protein of interest (POI) fragment containing a C-terminal thioester moiety Basic Protocol 2: Expressed protein ligation (EPL) of the protein thioester with a synthetic peptide and purification of the protein ligation product Basic Protocol 3: Semisynthesis and biochemical analysis of site-specifically phosphorylated Akt1.

Demand for Competence-based Education for Worker of Public Health Care Service in Ulsan Metropolitan City

Introduction: In order to strengthen the core competencies of workers, systematic education tailored to their needs is necessary. In this study, a survey was conducted on workers in public health care service in Ulsan Metropolitan City (Ulsan) to investigate the demand for education according to core competencies.Methods: A total of 70 workers who work for public health care service in Ulsan participated in this online survey. The questionnaire consisted of socio-demographic factors, work ability, education demand, and preference of education form.Results: The core competency with a high level of work ability is ‘Expertise on health and disease’ (41, 58.6%). On the other hand, the core competency with a low level of work ability was found to be the ‘Evaluation-related theories of public health care service’ (57, 81.4%). The core competencies with the highest demand for education were “Resident-centered service implementation” and “Public health care service strategy development” (64, 91.4%), followed by ‘Public health care service cases review’ and ‘knowledge of public health service plan’ (63, 90.0%). The preferred form of education is offline education (49, 40.8%). The most important factor in education was ‘work utilization’ (Offline: 57, 81.4%; Online: 48, 68.6%), both online and offline.Conclusions: Through the research results, it was possible to find out education demand according to core competencies and preference of education form. Based on these results, we will develop a core competency education program tailored to actual demand. In the future, it is necessary to continuously conduct research on such education demand.

Model organism databases are in jeopardy.

Model organism databases are in jeopardy.