Serum Interleukin-1 Beta Levels Research Articles

Modulation of the biological network of lumbar spinal stenosis by Tongdu Huoxue Decoction based on clinical metabolomics.

Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy and metabolic mechanism of Tongdu Huoxue Decoction (THD) in treating lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Methods: A total of 40 LSS patients and 20 healthy participants were recruited from January 2022 to June 2022. The patients' pre- and post-treatment visual analogue scale (VAS) and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores were recorded. ELISA kits were used to assess pre- and post-treatment levels of serum Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), Alpha tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Finally, the patients' pre- and post-treatment and healthy human sera were subjected to extensively targeted metabolomics using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) to identify potential differential metabolites and metabolic pathways using multivariate statistical analysis. Results: Compared to the pre-treatment (group A), the patients' VAS scores decreased significantly (p < 0.05), while JOA scores increased significantly (p < 0.05) post-treatment (group B), indicating that THD could effectively improve the pain and lumbar spine function of LSS patients. Moreover, THD could effectively inhibit the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α and PGE2-associated inflammatory factors in serum. Regarding metabolomics, the levels of 41 differential metabolites were significantly different in the normal group (group NC) compared to group A, and those were significantly restored after treatment with THD, including chenodeoxycholic acid 3-sulfate, taurohyodeoxycholic acid, 3,5-Dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid, pinocembrin. These biomarkers are mainly involved in purine metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis and amino acid metabolism. Conclusion: This clinical trial demonstrated that THD is effective in improving pain, lumbar spine function and serum levels of inflammation in patients with LSS. Moreover, its mechanism of action is related to the regulation of purine metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis and the expression of key biomarkers in the metabolic pathway of amino acid metabolism.

CASPASE-12 AND LUPUS: THE CURIOUS CASE OF THE DOG THAT DIDN’T BARK

CASPASE-12 (CASP12) has an anti-inflammatory function during infection, and is a risk factor for sepsis in African-Americans (AA). To determine if CASP12 could be protective for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in AA, we genotyped AA SLE patients and controls. We found that, at best, there was a weak association between CASP12 genotype with the absence of anti-dsDNA autoantibodies in SLE patients. No effect was seen upon serum interleukin-1 beta levels, nor was any other protective effect noted for the CASP12 genotype, whether upon association with SLE, or any of the 11 American College of Rheumatology classification criteria. We concluded that CASP12 genotype thus does not influence the phenotype of SLE in AA. This raises the issue as to why this protein would not play a more significant role in a chronic inflammatory disease process.

The anti-inflammatory CASPASE-12 gene does not influence SLE phenotype in African-Americans

In the vast majority of human populations, the gene encoding CASPASE-12 (CASP12) has a premature termination codon that precludes the production of protein. However, approximately 20% of persons of recent African descent have a single nucleotide polymorphism (#rs497116; A->G) that turns the stop codon into one encoding Arg. The subsequent functional allele is a risk factor for sepsis as it uniquely downregulates inflammatory cytokines in African-Americans (AA). To determine if CASP12 could be protective for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in AA, we genotyped AA SLE patients and controls. There was a weak association between CASP12 genotype with the absence of anti-dsDNA autoantibodies in SLE patients. No effect was seen upon serum interleukin-1 beta levels, nor was any other protective effect noted for the CASP12 genotype, whether upon association with SLE, or any of the 11 American College of Rheumatology classification criteria. CASP12 genotype thus does not influence the phenotype of SLE in AA.

Relationship between the occurrence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction and the levels of serum interleukin-1 beta/ interleukin-6 during perioperative period in idiopathic adolescent scoliosis patients

Objective To observe the occurrence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in adolescent scoliosis patients after orthopedic surgery and study its association with levels of serum interleukin (IL)-1β/IL-6 during perioperative period.Methods Sixty-seven adolescent scoliosis patients,who were scheduled for orthopedic surgery with general anesthesia were proposed to be enrolled.The levels of serum IL-1β and IL-6 were measured on the day for admission(T0),before surgery(T1),at the end of the surgery (T2) and the second day after surgery (T3) respectively and neurocognitive testing was performed at 1 d before surgery and 1 week after operation.Age,sex,years of education,past medical history,and visual analogue scale score after surgery,duration of surgery and other intraoperative indexes and also postoperative complications were recorded.According to the diagnostic criteria of POCD,patients were divided into two groups:POCD and NPOCD.All the data were put for statistical analysis.Results Sixty-six patients completed all these tests.Nineteen patients developed POCD,so the occurrence was 28.8％ at 7 d postoperatively.Statistical analysis showed that there were no differences in the levels of serum IL-1β and IL-6 at T0 and T1 in all the patients,while the concentrations increased at T2 and T3,but there were no differences between the two groups.In addition,comparisons between the two groups showed that the infusion of the volume of autologous blood in POCD group [(380±341) ml]was more than that in NPOCD group [(218±270) ml](P＜0.05).Conclusions The incidence of POCD is 28.8％ on the seventh day after scoliosis orthopedic surgery.It reminds us that we should cause enough attention on such surgeries.We did not found the relationship between the levels of serum IL-1beta/IL-6 and the occurrence of POCD,but the result sμggested that the volume of infused autologous blood might be associated with the occurrence of POCD,and further research was needed. Key words: Adolescent ; Scoliosis orthopedic surgery ; Postoperative cognitive dysfunction ; Interleukin-1beta ; Interleukin-6 ;

727: Longitudinal evaluation of altered methylation in IL1 gene family in normal pregnancy

727: Longitudinal evaluation of altered methylation in IL1 gene family in normal pregnancy

Profile of Serum IL-1β and IL-10 Shortly after Ovariectomy and Estradiol Replacement in Rats

Ovariectomy leads to progressive and significant increases in body weight gain and osteoporosis and is related to changes in serum and tissue cytokine profiles, such as observed in other models of overweight. We aimed to evaluate serum interleukin-1beta and interleukin-10 shortly after ovariectomy, before the establishment of overweight in rats. Female Wistar rats were submitted to ovariectomy, ovariectomy and estradiol replacement, or sham operation and compared with intact controls. Rats were killed 3, 6, 9, or 13 d after ovariectomy. Body mass and retroperitoneal fats were significant higher only 13 d after ovariectomy, and estradiol replacement to ovariectomized rats impaired both body mass and retroperitoneal fat gain. Shortly after ovariectomy (at 3 d) serum interleukin-1beta levels significantly increased in ovariectomized rats, treated or not with estradiol, while serum interleukin-10 levels increased only 9 d after ovariectomy. Our results suggest the existence of an important interplay between the immune system and ovarian function. This interplay occurs regardless of significant changes in adipose tissue compartment, as ovarian excision leads to short-term changes in the pattern of interleukin-1beta and interleukin-10 cytokine production that precede body weight gain and are not reverted by estradiol replacement.

Prognostic value of interleukin-1 beta levels after acute brain injury

Traumatic injury to central nervous system results in the production of inflammatory cytokines via intrinsic mechanisms by neurons, astrocytes and microglia, and extrinsic mechanisms by infiltrating macrophages, lymphocytes and other leukocytes. Interleukin-1 beta is the key mediator of the acute inflammatory host response. While this response is necessary for resolution of the pathologic event, the toxic nature of many of its products can cause significant tissue damage. We analyzed serum interleukin-1 beta levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 48 patients with solitary head injury who were transported to our clinic immediately after trauma. We categorized the patients according to their initial Glasgow coma scores in three groups, and compared their serum interleukin-1 beta values both with their Glasgow coma initial and outcome scores. This study helped to provide quantitative data to estimate clinical impressions and prognosis after head injury.

Activation of inflammatory mediators in rat renal isografts by donor brain death.

Brain death (BD) has been thought to influence the early course of transplanted organs by triggering a series of nonspecific inflammatory events that in turn may increase the kinetics and intensity of the immunological host responses. In this study early nonspecific, cellular, and molecular changes occurring in kidney isografts from BD donors are compared with those from normal anesthetized, ventilated controls. After induction of brain death, the animals were mechanically ventilated for 6 hr before organ removal. Only rats with stable blood pressure (mean arterial pressure >80 mmHg) were included. Serum creatinines were measured daily. Representative grafts were harvested 6 hr after brain death and between 1 hr and 5 days after engraftment for morphology, immunohistology, and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The presence of serum cytokines was assessed by enzyme linked immunoabsorbant assay. Serum creatinine levels rose slightly in recipients from BD donors. Serum interleukin-1beta levels increased within 6 hr versus controls (P<0.05). mRNA levels of interleukin-1beta and macrophage inhibitory protein-1 in the kidneys were up-regulated transiently before engraftment (6 hr after BD) and 1 hr after revascularization (P<0.05). By immunohistology, numbers of infiltrating polymorphonuclear leukocytes peaked at 24 hr in parallel with intragraft induction of P- and E-selectin, complement, and other proinflammatory chemokines and cytokines. At 5 days, the isografts from BD donors were highly infiltrated by host leukocyte populations associated with intense up-regulation of their products. In contrast, those from control donors remained relatively normal through this initial follow-up period. The intense nonimmune inflammation produced in isografts after donor BD may represent the initial stages of a continuum between an initial nonspecific and later immune reactivity, when placed in the context of allotransplantation.

Serum interleukin 1 in ovarian cancer patients.

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a multifunctional cytokine playing a central role in the immune response and displaying direct cytotoxic activity in vitro. Serum IL-1 alpha and beta levels were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 75 ovarian cancer patients, 30 patients with benign ovarian cysts and 50 healthy controls. Both serum IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta levels were more often elevated in ovarian cancer patients compared with healthy controls (chi-square test, P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). Mean serum IL-1 alpha and beta levels decreased significantly after surgical intervention (paired t-test, P = 0.0001 and P = 0.0002, respectively). No correlation with histopathological parameters and overall and disease-free survival was found. These preliminary results indicate that serum levels of IL-1 alpha and beta represent a host defence reaction rather than an autonomous tumour cell production.

Elevated levels of serum interleukin-1β in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder

Levels of serum interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R) were assessed in 19 male patients with combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in comparison to 19 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. Serum IL-1 beta levels (but not sIL-2R) were significantly higher (p < .001) in the PTSD patients than in the controls. IL-1 beta levels did not correlate with cortisol levels, severity of PTSD, anxiety, depressive symptoms, or alexithymia score; however, they did correlate significantly (r = .54, p < .005) with the duration of PTSD symptoms. It is possible that desensitization of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in chronic PTSD patients counteracts the stimulatory effect of IL-1 beta on cortisol secretion.

Modulation of cytokine production in vivo by dietary essential fatty acids in patients with colorectal cancer.

1. The effects of essential fatty acids (gamma-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid), at a dose of 4.8 g/day, given in combination as dietary supplements, on cytokine production were investigated in patients with colorectal cancer. 2. Total serum cytokines--interleukin (interleukin-1 beta, 2, 4 and 6), tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma--were analysed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique at different time intervals during the course of essential fatty acid supplementation. 3. Fatty acid uptake and patient compliance were confirmed by a significant increase in serum levels of gamma-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid in all three fractions: tricylglycerol, cholesterol and phospholipid. 4. There was no significant alteration in total serum cytokine concentration/levels in the first 2 months of essential fatty acid ingestion, but the levels of serum cytokines steadily declined thereafter, reaching minimum levels after 6 months of essential fatty acid supplementation. 5. Essential fatty acids, at the dose and duration (6 months) used in this study, reduced total serum interleukin-1 beta levels by 61% (P = 0.044), interleukin-2 by 63% (P = 0.05), interleukin-4 by 69% (P = 0.025), interleukin-6 by 83% (P = 0.030), tumour necrosis factor-alpha by 73% (P = 0.040) and interferon-gamma by 67% (P = 0.050). 6. Three months after cessation of essential fatty acid intake, however, these cytokine levels returned to presupplementation values. 7. This present study has shown that long-term n-3 and n-6 EFA ingestion results in a significant reduction in circulating key cytokines. The precise mechanism of this reduction is unclear.