Levels Of Physical Well-being Research Articles

Analysis of the psychosocial component continuum of psychological adaptation-disadaptation in patients with a dermatological profile with different levels of vital threat

Purpose: to investigate the state of psychosocial functioning as a component of the continuum of psychological adaptation - maladaptation in patients with a dermatological profile with diseases of various levels of vital threat, to develop, in the future, personalized psychocorrection programs for this category of patients. Contingent and research methods. On the basis of informed consent, in compliance with the principles of biomedical ethics and deontology, we examined 120 dermatological patients who were treated in three branches of the clinic “Dr. Zapolska Clinic” during 2020-2021, namely: 60 patients with non-vital dermatological diseases (seborrheic keratosis L82, condylomas A63.0, angiomas D18.0, pigmentation disorders L80), and 60 patients with dermatological diseases posing a vital threat (melanoma C43, basal cell carcinoma C44, skin carcinoma D04). The results. Both by integral indicators and by separate characteristics of socio-psychological adaptation/maladaptation, we found a general trend of the primary importance of the lack of adaptive resources and the secondary – nosospecificity features of dermatological pathology, in the formation of states of psychological maladaptation, which is manifested both in the clinical and psychological plane, and in the field of psychosocial functioning. These data are also consistent with the results of the study of the quality of life (QoL) of the examinees: the general trend of association between the level of QoL and the presence of signs of psychological maladjustment (PMA) was confirmed both for the integral criteria for the assessment of QoL and for 8 out of 10 evaluation parameters of QoL (levels of physical well-being and work capacity turned out to be nosospecificity, in contrast to all other parameters). The study confirmed our assumptions regarding the absence of a direct relationship between nosospecificity and vitality of a dermatological disease and the state of psychosocial functioning of an individual, especially in the context of adaptability and its resource base. The obtained results regarding the fact that dermatological patients without clinical signs of psychological maladjustment, regardless of the nosological affiliation of the main disease, have a sufficient resource of adaptability and use it in the field of social-psychological interaction, are predictable for us, but such that required scientific justification and proof. The issues of primary/secondary states of the resource base and adaptability at the clinical-psychological and psychosocial levels require further study. We assume that we are talking about the mechanisms of mutual influence of biological predisposition and psychological and psychosocial factors, the mosaic combination of which determines the resource capabilities of the individual regarding the constructive acceptance of the fact of the presence of a dermatological disease and the development of an adequate strategy for its mastery, regardless of the degree of vitality of the disease. Conclusion. The identified regularities should be considered when developing treatment-rehabilitation and psycho-prophylactic measures in patients with dermatological pathology with different levels of vital threat.

Assessment of quality of life of stroke survivors and their caregivers presenting to a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan.

To determine the quality of life of stroke survivors and their caregivers presenting to a tertiary care setup. The descriptive study was conducted from July to December 2019 at the Neurology Department, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan, and comprised patients of either gender with ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke aged 40-70 years and their caregivers. Data was collected using the stroke-specific quality of life Scale and the caregiver quality of life questionnaire. Data was analysed using SPSS 20. Of the 80 patients, 50(62.5%) were males and 30(37.5%) were females. The overall mean age was 61.46±11.80 years, and 56(70%) were aged >55 years. Among the patients, speaking power, mobility and mood were more affected with mean levels of 15.51±8.63, 22.63±8.33 and 19.08±7.05, respectively. The domains of social role, self-care and upper extremity function were also affected with mean values of 19.022±7.06, 15.71±8.81 and 18.88±7.02, respectively. Among the caregivers, the levels of physical wellbeing and functional wellbeing were high 15.07±5.65 and 15.35±5.76, respectively. There were differences in terms of age and gender but the difference was not significant (p>0.05). The quality of life of stroke survivors was low, and that of caregivers was also quite compromised.

On guard: Public versus private affection-sharing experiences in same-sex, gender-diverse, and mixed-sex relationships.

This study compared public versus private affection-sharing experiences of individuals in mixed-sex (N = 1018), same-sex (N = 561), and gender-diverse (N = 96) relationships. Private affection-sharing was similar across groups, except those in mixed-sex relationships reported somewhat less comfort doing so. Despite having a stronger desire to engage in public affection-sharing, those in same-sex and gender-diverse relationships shared public affection less frequently, were less comfortable doing so, refrained from doing so more often, and experienced much higher levels of vigilance related to public affection-sharing, compared to those in mixed-sex relationships. Heightened PDA-related vigilance may have health consequences, as higher levels were associated with worse psychological and physical well-being in all groups. However, individuals in same-sex relationships showed weaker associations between vigilance and well-being than those in mixed-sex relationships, suggesting possible resilience. Still, engaging in vigilance may take its toll, potentially serving as a mechanism through which minority stress works its effects. When we controlled for PDA-related vigilance, psychological and physical well-being levels in same-sex relationships increased relative to mixed-sex peers.

The Year in Surgical Thyroidology: Recent Technological Developments and Future Challenges.

Background: The field of surgical and interventional thyroidology is rapidly evolving. In the past few years, we have seen the introduction and establishment of many novel surgical adjuncts, techniques, and disruptive ablative technologies that have impacted the field. Methods: We identified the most influential articles on technological developments in surgical and interventional thyroidology that were published from September 1, 2020, to August 1, 2021. We searched three electronic databases and consulted experts. Results: Major findings are summarized. Continuous intraoperative nerve monitoring (cIONM) lowered the risk of early postoperative vocal cord palsy 1.8-fold and permanent palsy 29 · 4-fold compared with intermittent intraoperative nerve monitoring. Parathyroid autofluorescence yielded a diagnostic odds ratio (OR) of 228.9 for detection of parathyroid glands over visualization, with 96% sensitivity and 92% specificity. There was no significant difference in the incidence of major complications between the transoral endoscopic thyroidectomy vestibular approach (TOETVA) and transcervical thyroidectomy (1.5% vs. 2.1%, p = 0.75), and a higher body mass index did not lead to a significant increase in the odds of cumulative complication with TOETVA for the overweight (OR = 0.52 [95% confidence interval {CI} 0.17-1.58]) and obese groups (OR = 1.69 [CI 0.74-3.88]). Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for benign thyroid nodules typically resulted in a 50-85% volume reduction with faster recovery times, less pain levels, and higher social and psychological well-being compared with conventional thyroidectomy at 15 months post-treatment, although physical well-being levels were higher in the conventional thyroidectomy group at this time. RFA for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma showed no significant difference in local tumor progression (1.8% vs. 3.3%, p = 0.209), lymph node metastasis (0.6% vs. 0.6%, p = 1.000), recurrence (1.2% vs. 2.4%, p = 0.244), and 4-year recurrence-free survival rates (98.2% vs. 97.0%, p = 0.223) when compared with transcervical lobectomy. Conclusions: cIONM, parathyroid autofluorescence, transoral vestibular approach thyroid surgery, and RFA for benign and malignant thyroid nodules are some of the latest additions to the surgeon's and interventionalist's armamentarium to manage thyroid disease. These technological advancements demonstrate promise to improve outcomes, decrease complications, and enhance a patient's quality of life, but further rigorous studies are needed to define their utility and value.

Individual Rate of Motor Activity as a Criterion for Assessment of Students’ Physical Health

Aim: To develop a methodology for determining the individual rate of motor activity of students in the process of physical education on the basis of indicators of their physical well-being. Materials and Methods: The research involved 82 first year students aged from 17 to 19 (38 – male students, 44 – female students). Research methods: analysis and generalization of literature, modelling, anthropometry and physiometry, pedagogical testing, experiment, methods of mathematical statistics. Results: Low existing level of physical development and physical fitness of students both male and female was revealed due to their low motor activity and passive lifestyle. The relationship between the indicators of students’ physical well-being and their motor activity were established, the closest connection of motor activity was revealed with the indicators of the Rufier index. Regression equations were developed, which are the content of the methodology for determining the individual rate of motor activity of students in the process of their physical education. Conclusions: The obtained results testify to the need for wide introduction of the methodology for determining the individual rate of motor activity of students on the basis of indicators of their physical well-being in the process of physical education. This will allow students to receive information about the appropriate level of physical well-being in accordance with their indicators of physical development, physical fitness and daily motor activity.

IMPORTANT ASPECTS OF EFFECTIVE TREATMENT OF NICOTINE DEPENDENCE IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS

Purpose. Increasing the importance and effectiveness of nicotine addiction treatment in patients with diabetes mellitus.Materials and methods. A study of nicotine addiction in patients with type II diabetes mellitus was carried out on the basis of the Department of Endocrinology of the Samara State Medical University Clinics in 2019. The psychological study included 60 men aged 45-60 who are undergoing planned treatment in the endocrinology department for type II diabetes mellitus. Psychological research included: conversation, study of the type of attitude towards illness (TOBOL), study of adherence to treatment (Moriska – Green Compliance Scale). Work with tobacco dependence was carried out according to the WHO recommendations according to the “5 A” principle [14]. Work with patients was carried out in the key of rational, behavioral and gestalt therapy.Results and discussion. In total, 24 group meetings were held – 12 group meetings in each polyclinic group of 26 people. The results obtained showed a decrease in the number of patients with a low level of physical wellbeing, psychological well-being, optimism, self-confidence, and readiness to quit smoking. Along with this, there was an increase in the number of patients with a high level of physical well-being, psychological well-being, optimism), readiness to quit smoking. As for compliance, the overall picture has also improved: there were 39 highly adherent patients among the studied (an increase from 10 % to 75 %), moderately adherent – 13 (a decrease from 73.3 % to 25 %), weakly adherent no (there were 16.7 %).Conclusions. Psychological support of nicotine-dependent patients with diabetes mellitus must necessarily include educational work with patients, work with increasing the level of self-control of the disease and adherence to treatment, with a psychoemotional state. It is optimal to include patients with diabetes mellitus in the group psychotherapeutic process in order to provide mutual assistance and receive effective support in the treatment of tobacco smoking and raise the consciousness of patients in relation to the prevention of complications of diabetes mellitus, and to the disease itself in general.

Quality of Life in Romanian Children with Type 1 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Survey Using an Interdisciplinary Healthcare Intervention.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the quality of life in Romanian type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) children attending an early interdisciplinary healthcare intervention. Hypothesis: engaging T1DM children in leisure sports leads to a better quality of life. Methods: This research embeds a cross-sectional observational study, incorporating some clinical characteristics relevant for diabetes management. The Kidscreen 27 questionnaire was issued to 100 T1DM children aged between 7 and 17 years. Parents completed the questionnaire. All subjects received interdisciplinary healthcare in the previous year. Statistics were performed using SPSS, v20. The required sample size of 100 subjects was obtained with a confidence interval of 95% and a sampling error of 0.009. The tests were two-sided, with a type I error set at 0.05. Results: Subjects reached an increased level of physical well-being, psychological well-being, autonomy, parent relationships, peer and social support, and school inclusion. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) between children who practice leisure activities and children who only participated in physical education (PE) classes, regarding their physical well-being (t = 2.123). ANOVA demonstrated significant differences between age groups regarding physical well-being. Conclusion: The interdisciplinary healthcare intervention increased the efficiency of T1DM management with positive effects on life quality.

Quality of life of the patients who had an atherotrombotic stroke in the carotid artery territory

To assess quality of life of patients with first-ever atherothrombotic stroke in the carotid artery territory 2 years after the disease onset. Authors examined 119 patients. Quality of life was measured with the «SF-36 Health Status Survey» using two parameters: level of mental (MH) and physical (PH) health. A control group consisted of 20 sex- and age-matched healthy persons without neurological diseases. After two years, 67% of the patients assessed their health condition as satisfactory. In the patients, a decrease in PH was greater compared to MH than in controls. In post-stroke period, patients for a long time had lower quality of life indices with marked physical impairment. Elimination of or reduction in the focal neurological deficit that led to the decrease in the level of physical wellbeing may be considered as a significant rehabilitation reserve.

Effect of resistance training on physical performance and fear of falling in elderly with different levels of physical well-being

Effect of resistance training on physical performance and fear of falling in elderly with different levels of physical well-being

Arthroskopisch assistierter simultaner vorderer und hinterer Kreuzbandersatz

The best treatment of a combined rupture of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments is still unclear. Nine patients with unilateral traumatic ruptures of both the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments were treated by arthroscopically-assisted simultaneous reconstruction. The operation was done using hamstring tendon and patellar tendon autografts, an average of 235 days (range 52-567) after the initial trauma. Patients were followed up for an average of 37 months (range 24-58) after surgery. For this retrospective cohort study, we used the Lysholm knee score, the Tegner activity score, and the SF-36 questionnaire as a means of assessment. The evaluation at follow-up showed an average score of 74 points on the Lysholm scale. Using the IKDC evaluation, four patients could be placed in group B and five patients in group C. A significant increase, from 1.9 points before trauma to 5.0 points at follow-up, was observed on the Tegner activity score. Comparing the operated with the healthy knees, with respect to stability and isokinetic muscle strength, we noted significantly better scores in the healthy knees. Using the SF-36 questionnaire, patients showed a reduced level of physical well-being. The treated patients were able to carry out their activities of everyday life. However, none of them returned to their preinjury activity level.

Improvement of Working Capacity and Well-Being in a Small Electronic Enterprises

It has been estimated that more than 20 % of GDP is lost each year as a result of illness and accidents. Losses caused by illness on a national scale can be prevented by influencing the health and working capacity of employees. Better health and working capacity reduce personnel costs. In 1996 our experts contracted with the 12 SME -enterprises including 500 workers. The aim of the study was to improve workers health ability. The questionnaires distributed in this project to the employees comprised questions (80) aimed at charting their professional expertise, their working environment and their physical and mental welfare. After two years many-sided intervention by training and psychological activities the questionnaire was made again. In this way the employees evaluated the improvements and changes. During the project 4 500 personal training days were given, 500 work place survey were occurred and 2 000 telephone calls were done by consultants. The most common harmful impact factors in the working environment were soldering fumes, bad smells, dust, and cold or draft. All these factors related to the level of physical well-being experienced by individuals. The most desired courses related to development of work community, psychosocial support, professional competence, work environment especially work conditions and ergonomic, ADP and languages. About 50% of workers informed about positive changes mostly related to ergonomic, work community and lifestyle. The response was also very clear, which kinds of interventions are effective.