Levels Of Overall Life Satisfaction Research Articles

Disparities in the Quality of Working Life Among Older Workers: Housing Conditions and Life Satisfaction With Latent Class Analysis.

Little empirical research informs understanding of the disparate active aging experiences among working older adults, especially in terms of the association with living circumstances and life satisfaction. To address this knowledge gap, this study used latent class analysis on data from the 2020 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) core interview and focused on 1,194 employed adults aged 50 and above. The results revealed four subtypes of the quality of working life in older workers. Notably, in contrast to the other identified classes, higher levels of housing satisfaction and feelings of neighborhood safety were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of being a member of the group of older adults with the highest work capacities and the healthy work-life balance. Furthermore, participation in the class characterized by the highest work capacity and a healthy work-life balance was related to the highest levels of overall life satisfaction.

Religiosity and Overall Life Satisfaction: Muslim Arabs in Israel.

Previous research suggests that greater religiosity is associated with higher levels of overall life satisfaction. However, previous research has focused primarily on Christian populations, and few have specifically analyzed Muslim populations. We examine the association between religiosity and overall life satisfaction in a Muslim population, controlling for demographic variables, socio-economic characteristics and self-rated health. Unlike most previous studies, we use a relatively large random sample of more than 17,000 individuals, which was obtained from the Israel Social Survey in the years 2002-2020. Our results show that greater religiosity is associated with higher levels of overall life satisfaction among Muslims.

Life satisfaction in cardiac arrest survivors: A nationwide Swedish registry study

IntroductionMost cardiac arrest (CA) survivors report good health and quality of life. Life satisfaction on the other hand has not yet been studied in a large scale in the CA population. We aimed to explore life satisfaction as perceived by CA survivors with three research questions addressed: (1) how do CA survivors report their life satisfaction, (2) how are different domains of life satisfaction associated with overall life satisfaction, and (3) how are demographic and medical factors associated with overall life satisfaction? MethodsThis registry study had a cross-sectional design. Life satisfaction was assessed using the 11-item Life Satisfaction checklist (LiSat-11). The sample included 1435 survivors ≥18 years of age. Descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression analyses were used. ResultsSurvivors were most satisfied with partner relation (85.6%), family life (82.2%), and self-care (77.8%), while 60.5% were satisfied with overall life. Satisfaction with psychological health was strongest associated with overall life satisfaction. Among medical and demographic factors, female sex and poor cerebral performance were associated with less overall life satisfaction. ConclusionsGenerally, CA survivors seem to perceive similar levels of overall life satisfaction as general populations, while survivors tend to be significantly less satisfied with their sexual life. Satisfaction with psychological health is of special interest to identify and treat. Additionally, female survivors and survivors with poor neurological outcome are at risk for poorer overall life satisfaction and need special attention by healthcare professionals.

‘Why should I feel guilty? I always give my best’. Guilt in Spanish women caring for dependent relatives from a gender perspective

Objectives The sense of guilt in informal caregivers has been associated with lower levels of overall life-satisfaction, an increase in feelings of overwork, stress, and health problems, including anxiety and depression. Even though women who care for dependent relatives have higher levels of feelings of guilt than male caregivers, little research has been done on the dynamics of guilt from a gender perspective. This study examines the dynamics of this moral emotion in women caregivers’ psychosocial health. Methods This study is based on semi-structured interviews with nineteen Spanish women who are informal caregivers looking after dependent family members. The interviews were subsequently transcribed and subjected to thematic analysis. Results Three themes emerged from qualitative analysis: first, doing more for the people being cared for than for oneself; secondly, being demanding on oneself; and thirdly, controlling one’s own desires. Conclusion The results show dynamics of self-control that seem to function as mechanisms for the women caregivers to avoid feelings of guilt, but at the price of taking on greater caring responsibilities, denying their own desires, and endangering their psychosocial health. We consider that intervention to help women reduce anticipatory guilt is essential, as these feelings put women caregivers’ psychosocial health at risk.

Dismissing Attachment and Global and Daily Indicators of Subjective Well-Being: An Experience Sampling Approach.

The present research examined whether a dismissing attachment style (i.e., being high in attachment avoidance and low in attachment anxiety) is a risk factor for low subjective well-being (SWB). Specifically, we examined the associations between dismissing attachment and two indicators of SWB: global life satisfaction and daily affect. Self-reports of attachment and overall life satisfaction were collected from 257 adults at an initial lab session. Afterward, experience sampling methodology was used to gather repeated measures of positive and negative affect, as well as social context, from the sample for 8 days. Our findings indicate that, on average, dismissing people reported fairly modest levels of overall life satisfaction. Moreover, they experienced relatively low levels of both negative affect and positive affect across the 8-day study period. Overall, our results suggest that dismissing people have a "muted" or dull emotional life.

경로당 이용 여부에 따른 후기노인의 경로당 이용 효과성 연구

This study was conducted to verify the effectiveness of use according to the purpose of establishing a senior citizen center, focusing on the late elderly aged 75 or older. To this end, the effectiveness of using senior citizen centers was evaluated by dividing into social participation-leisure-cultural satisfaction, friend and community satisfaction, and overall life satisfaction. The difference in differences(DID) analysis was conducted using the 2008 and 2020 National Survey of Older Persons. As a result, it was found that the overall level of satisfaction with social participation-leisure-cultural satisfaction, friend and community satisfaction of the late elderly decreased over time, but the level of decline of the use group of senior citizen center decreased somewhat. In addition, it was confirmed that the level of overall life satisfaction increased over time, and the level of increase in the group using senior citizens center increased more steeply. Based on these results, this study presented policy suggestions such as preparing countermeasures for sustainable operation, multifunctionalizing a role of senior citizen center, and improving the use environment in relation to the revitalization of senior citizens.

Material resources and well-being — Evidence from an Ethiopian housing lottery

Do better material conditions improve well-being and mental health? Or does any positive relationship merely reflect that well-being promotes economic success? We compare winners and losers from a large Ethiopian housing lottery in a preregistered analysis. Winners gain access to better housing, experience a substantial increase in wealth, and report higher levels of overall life satisfaction and lower levels of financial distress. However, we find no average effects of winning on psychological distress. Our results suggest that not all aspects of well-being and mental health are equally sensitive to economic conditions.

Understanding the Predictive Factors that Influence the Perceived Burden of Dementia Caregivers

Caregivers of individuals with dementia have increased levels of burden because of their caregiving duties which in turn results in negative effects on their physical, emotional, and mental wellbeing. Few studies have examined individual difference-based constructs such as positive and negative affect in relation to caregiver burden. Positive affect is characterized by pleasant emotions and expressions and higher levels of overall life satisfaction whereas negative affect is characterized by more pessimistic emotions and expressions and lower overall life satisfaction. Analyses were performed on dementia caregivers (n=102) using the online data collection tool MTurk Prime. The average caregiver provided 21 or more hours of care with 76.9% of caregivers living with their loved one with dementia. Significant correlations were found between caregiving burden and positive affect (r= -.31, p=.002) and negative affect (r= .56, p=<.001), with higher positive affect related to lower burden and higher negative affect related to greater burden. Results of multiple regression models showed that positive affect (β = -.24, p = .03) and negative affect (β = .35, p = .01) were significant predictors of burden even while controlling for other constructs including types of coping, compassion towards other, and assessment of family dynamics. Understanding the relationship between these constructs will allow for more individualized interventions to be created to help reduce the level of burden that dementia caregivers experience.

Material resources and well-being — Evidence from an Ethiopian housing lottery

Do better material conditions improve well-being and mental health? Or does any positive relationship merely reflect that psychological well-being promotes economic success? We supply new responses to these questions by comparing winners and losers from a large Ethiopian housing lottery in a preregistered analysis. Winners gain access to better housing, experience a substantial increase in wealth, and report higher levels of overall life satisfaction and lower levels of financial distress. However, we find no effects of winning on psychological distress, suggesting that depression and anxiety involve other causal determinants and are less sensitive to economic conditions than life satisfaction is.

Election Outcomes and Individual Subjective Wellbeing in Great Britain

Exploiting novel longitudinal data on individuals in Great Britain matched to their parliamentary constituency, we find that supporting the incumbent political party, at both the national and constituency levels, exerts a positive influence on individual subjective wellbeing. This relationship varies across different measures of subjective wellbeing, gender and personal characteristics. We then implement a regression discontinuity in time design to estimate the impact of a quasi‐natural experiment, where we exploit the timing of the survey around the 2010 election date in order to identify a causal relationship. We find that Liberal Democrat supporters have approximately one‐unit higher level of overall life satisfaction after their party’s electoral success.

Explaining the U-shaped life satisfaction: dissatisfaction as a driver of behavior

We assess the age profile of subjective well-being by adopting a bio-evolutionary perspective that dissatisfaction is a psychological incentive to prompt adaptive behaviors. In particular, we scrutinize the age profile of baseline satisfaction, i.e., the level of overall life satisfaction after removing the impact of socioeconomic factors. Drawing from the life history literature that studies life-cycle characteristics of evolutionarily adaptive behaviors, we predict that, in the reproductive period, (1) baseline satisfaction is lowest, (2) the impact of the lack of income on life satisfaction is largest, and (3) the impact of the absence of a suitable reproductive partner on life satisfaction is largest. To test these hypotheses, we apply two regression models using the British Household Panel Survey. The results are consistent with the hypotheses. While the first model supports all three hypotheses, the second model supports the first two hypotheses with no contradictory results found for the third hypothesis. In particular, the results demonstrate that baseline satisfaction is U-shaped in age with the lowest point in one’s thirties to early forties, that the impact of income is largest in one’s late thirties to early forties, and that the impact of having a satisfactory spouse/partner is largest in one’s early thirties. These results highlight the importance of studying baseline satisfaction for understanding the gross level of overall life satisfaction, which includes the impact of all socioeconomic factors, as the baseline level affects the gross level through its impact on behaviors.

Trade Unions and Workers’ Life Satisfaction in South Korea

This study analyses the effects of trade unions’ presence in workplaces and union membership on workers’ overall life satisfaction. We estimate a correlated random effects panel ordered probit model using the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study. While the presence of unions increases the probability of reporting a higher level of overall life satisfaction, union membership has no effect. These effects exist only for healthy men who are employed on a permanent contract. Finally, we show that unions’ effects on life satisfaction have four mediating channels—job satisfaction, social security, real wage and fringe benefits.

“Imperfect Love”: The Effect of Borderline Personality Disorder Symptoms and Relationship Commitment on Relationship Satisfaction

This study aimed to determine the connection between borderline personality disorder (BPD) symptom-endorsement and relationship satisfaction. Individuals in romantic relationships often report higher levels of overall life satisfaction and functioning. However, the experience of emotional distress or disability may impair one’s ability to benefit from the protective effects of a romantic dyad. Therefore, understanding the impact that individual mental health may have on perceptions of satisfaction in romantic relationships may be of importance. Additionally, the role that relationship type, such as committed vs. non-committed relationships, can have on assessments of satisfaction for individuals who experience BPD symptoms is of interest. 433 participants self-reported their experiences with BPD symptoms using the Borderline Symptoms List 23 [1] and relationship type (committed vs. non-committed). The Relationship Satisfaction Assessment [2]was completed to determine individuals’ happiness and fulfillment within their interpersonal relationships. Findings indicated that endorsement of BPD symptoms had a significant negative association with self-reported relationship satisfaction. Relationship type was also a significant indicator of relationship satisfaction. Thus, those in committed relationships reported higher levels of overall satisfaction than those in non-committed relationships. This research suggests that both the experience of certain mental health issues and commitment to a relationship may determine overall feelings of fulfillment in romantic relationships. Additional research is necessary to replicate and explore the impact of this association.

Positive and negative experiences and life satisfaction among spousal caregivers for frail older adults in urban China: a parallel process model

Previous literature has suggested that negative and positive aspects of spousal caregiving co-exist. However, positive and negative experiences were often examined independently. This study aimed to empirically test a parallel process model of spousal caregiving. This cross-sectional survey of family caregiving involved 269 frail older adults living in Shanghai, China, in 2016. Quota sampling was conducted to find community-dwelling frail older adults with a primary caregiver. Path analysis was used to identify the relationship between negative and positive caregiving experiences and life satisfaction. We found two independent paths towards life satisfaction: (i) activities of daily living were negatively associated with burden, and burden was associated with lower life satisfaction; and (ii) spousal caregivers' self-reported health and financial state were positively associated with positive appraisal, and positive appraisal was associated with higher life satisfaction. Caregiving time contributed to both aspects of caregiving experiences. The covariance between caregiving burden and positive appraisals was not statistically significant. Spousal caregiving involves a parallel process. Negative and positive experiences are separate constructs and their associations with life satisfaction vary. We advocate for policy and interventions that promote positive views of caregiving that encourage caregivers to develop a high level of overall life satisfaction despite the hardships of their caregiving tasks.

Satisfaction with life and depressive symptoms in living organ donors and non-donors: New insights from the National Living Donor Assistance Center.

Previous studies indicate there may be psychological consequences of being unable to serve as a living donor, but these have not been explored in a large national cohort of low-income individuals who initiated living donor evaluation in US transplant centers. Using data from 6574 National Living Donor Assistance Center (NLDAC) participants (November 1, 2007-December 31, 2018), we utilized a cross-sectional study design to evaluate short-term depressive symptoms and satisfaction with life in living donors and non-donors (those who were declined or withdrew from evaluation) using the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) and the PHQ-8, with and without risk adjustment using linear regression. National Living Donor Assistance Center participants originated from 207 US transplant centers. 52% of NLDAC participants responded to the survey (n=3423; donors=2848 (58.6% of all donors), non-donors=575 (33.5% of all non-donors); ncenters =201)). Respondents were significantly older, more likely to be female, white, non-Hispanic, married, more educated, more full-time employed, and more likely to be unrelated to the recipient vs non-respondents (all, P<.001). Among survey respondents, donors were significantly younger, more likely to be non-Hispanic, employed, and related to the recipient compared to non-donors (all, P<.05). Higher PHQ-8 scores were correlated with lower SWL scores (r=-.32, P<.001). Both groups displayed high SWLS (donors vs non-donors: 27.1 vs 26.3, P=.002). Both groups had low levels of depressive symptoms overall, but donors had more symptoms than non-donors (3.5 vs 2.4, P<.001). After risk adjustment, non-donors had significantly less depressive symptoms by PHQ-8 (28% lower, P<.001), but had lower life satisfaction (1.2 points lower, P<.001). Donors and non-donors have high global levels of overall life satisfaction and low levels of depressive symptoms at 8weeks after donation or denial. While small effect sizes were observed between groups in these outcomes, being a non-donor was an independent risk factor for lower life satisfaction, which warrants further evaluation.

Human Values and Life Satisfaction: Moderating Effects of Culture and Age

Extant literatures have illustrated that human values influence consumers’ product preference and subsequently their choices. This article aims to investigate the relationship between human values and overall life satisfaction across consumer segments using the 2010–2014 World Value Survey (WVS) wave 6 data, which comprises of 85,512 respondents residing in 56 countries around the world. With available detailed socio-demographic data, a series of ordinal logistic models are estimated. Results show significant relationships between human values and overall level of life satisfaction. Interestingly, these relationships are moderated both cultural regions and age. Findings do not only support the notion of cultural-level values, but also suggest that rational individuals dynamically shift their value priorities as they age to ensure a higher level of overall life satisfaction. Consequently, global marketers should dynamically align their product offering’s benefits and promotions with the values that its target market seeks. Other implications for marketing to consumers residing in different cultural regions and belonging to different age groups are also discussed.

It's the Economy! Perceptions of Host-Countries' Institutions and Individual Life Satisfaction of Intra-European Migrants

By drawing data from the European Social Survey (ESS) (2008–2016), this study explores how immigrants' assessments of economy, democracy, and quality of public goods (such as health and education systems) in the receiving societies contribute to their life satisfaction. Results indicate that satisfaction with the economy is the strongest correlate of individual life satisfaction among European immigrants, and this association is particularly pronounced among immigrants from Turkey, Eastern and Southern Europe. Assuming that immigrants compare institutions of their host and home countries when assessing institutional features of the host countries, relative gains in satisfaction with the performance of host-country economy are shown to be associated with particularly higher levels of overall life satisfaction among immigrants from Turkey, Eastern and Southern European countries than the rest of Europe. We conclude that, in relative terms, migrants from countries with less well-functioning economies to countries with more favorable economic conditions display higher levels of perceived satisfaction with the host country economies, which contributes considerably to their overall life satisfaction.

Social network engagement and subjective well-being: a life-course perspective.

Social networking is a digital phenomenon embraced by billions worldwide. Use of online social platforms has the potential to generate a number of benefits including to well-being from enhanced social connectedness and social capital accumulation, but is also associated with several negative behaviours and impacts. Employing a life-course perspective, this paper explores social networking use and its relationship with measures of subjective well-being. Large-scale UK panel data from wave 3 (2011-12) and 6 (2014-15) of Understanding Society reveals that social network users are on average younger, aged under 25, but that rising use is reported across the life-course including into old age. Probit, multinomial logistic, and ANCOVA and change-score estimations reveal that membership, and greater use, of social networks is associated with higher levels of overall life satisfaction. However, heavy use of social networking sites has negative impacts, reflected in reductions in subjective well-being. Socio-economic disadvantage may drive these impacts among young (in education), unemployed and economically inactive heavy SNS users.

Sport Participation, Life Satisfaction and Domains of Satisfaction among People with Disabilities

This study investigates the relationship between sport participation and the life satisfaction scores reported by people without and with disabilities, wherein overall life satisfaction is seen as an aggregate of satisfaction levels regarding various domains of life (and consistent with the bottom-up spillover theory). Using longitudinal data taken from the German Socio-Economic Panel for the period 1984–2013, this study presents estimates from a two-layer model that allows life satisfaction to be explained by the satisfaction scores reported by individuals with respect to six different domains of life satisfaction (i.e. job, health, housework, household income, dwelling, and leisure). We found that sport participation has a positive and significant correlation with the levels of satisfaction with health, housework, and leisure reported by people with disabilities. Furthermore, the domains of satisfaction with health, housework and household income are the main contributors to the enhancement of their levels of overall life satisfaction. However, the interrelations of these domains of life satisfaction with overall life satisfaction are mainly transitory. From a public policy perspective, it is necessary to undertake the design and implementation of inclusive public and private sport programs for people with disabilities that contribute to increasing not only their levels of overall life satisfaction but also other facets of life satisfaction.

Assessing the social media landscape: Online relational use-purposes and life satisfaction among Finns

This study examines the social Internet use-purposes of Finns along with links to perceived life satisfaction. Here, associations between life satisfaction and various online behaviors linked to socialization are explored among the Finnish adult population, sigh data coming from nationally representative surveys focused on adult populations in Finland (N=1,600). Analysis shows that social media use is linked to both higher and lower levels of overall life satisfaction with differences between platforms used. The use of Instagram and different social messaging applications, such as WhatsApp, was linked higher life satisfaction while Facebook and Twitter use did not show any significant association; notably, Internet forum use showed a negative association with life satisfaction.