Level Of Reproductive Health Research Articles

Protection of reproductive health of children: problems of gender and age discrimination

Research objectives: to investigate the problems of gender and age discrimination in the modern discourse on the protection of children’s reproductive health, to analyze the most important issues including the concept of child reproductive health, normative guarantees in the field of children’s reproductive health, protection of reproductive children’s health in the context of achieving the Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations, social obstacles to the proper realization of children’s reproductive rights, etc.
 Materials and methods. A survey was based on the author’s developed questionnaires in order to find out the level of reproductive health and sexual violence among children. The focus group was formed by 540 children: 288 girls and 252 boys aged 15–18 living in Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk and Zakarpattia regions. The research period covered the years 2021–2023. The error of the obtained results, taking into account the number of respondents, was 2–3.5%. The questionnaires are designed for anonymous and quick filling.
 Results. Today’s problems and challenges of an environmental, pandemic, and military nature are partially offset by rapid and continuous improvements in social and economic conditions, along with changes in demographics, lifestyles, the environment, and innovations in medical and therapeutic technologies. In general, there is sufficient number of normative protection guarantees that exist at the normative level. However, the problem is manifested in the fact that declarative norms are often ineffective, as they do not entail real guarantees of an organizational and institutional nature regarding the protection and protection of children’s medical rights. Despite the special needs and vulnerabilities that children face, most services are not organized to recognize or meet these needs.
 Conclusions. It is substantiated that the family is the most important institution in the socialization of a child, and its life experience plays an important role in ensuring that the child is a healthy individual in the broad sense of this concept, which includes physical and psychological criteria. It has been established that characteristics and relationships in the family, especially in the preschool period (the most critical process of children’s development) can positively or negatively affect the structure of the child’s personality. Sudden changes and extraordinary events experienced by the family in the process of adaptation to social changes can cause the family to experience a crisis situation.

Reproductive health status of adolescent mothers in an Iranian setting: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundIn low and middle-income countries (LMICs), where millions of women give birth before the age of 18, the reproductive health status of married adolescent mothers, including family planning, sexual, psychosocial, and maternal health, remains a significant and recurring phenomenon. As a result, the purpose of this study was to assess the reproductive health status of married adolescent mothers who sought treatment at Ardabil health care centers in 2019.MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out in five health centers in Ardabil, Iran. This research included 312 married adolescent mothers who were under 19 years old. Health workers who asked questions of each participant completed a demographic questionnaire and the Reproductive Health Assessment Scale for Married Adolescent Women, and all data were self-reported. Univariate and multivariate linear regressions were used to determine risk factors associated with reproductive health scores. The data was examined using statistical software (SPSS version 20).ResultsThe mean age (years) of the respondents was 16.41 ± 0.85, the mean age of their husbands was 24.18 ± 2.29, and the mean age of their marriage was 15.06 ± 1.15. In this study, adolescent mothers had an average reproductive health score of 63.78 ± 11.06. There was a significant association between reproductive health status and age, education, husband’s age and education, and contraceptive methods among married adolescent mothers (p < 0.05).ConclusionThe research findings indicated that adolescent mothers had an average level of reproductive health. Several socio-demographic characteristics, including age, education, gravida, and contraception, were linked to reproductive health scores. Programmers and policymakers should prioritize improving the reproductive health of adolescent mothers through education and increasing women’s and spouses’ knowledge and awareness.

A Comparative Study of Reproductive Health and Awareness Level of Students in Different Faculties

World Health Organization (WHO) defines adolescence as the period of life between 10 and 19 years of age. The adolescent experiences changes in various dimensions which includes not only physical but also emotional, psychological, social, and mental change and growth. Physiological changes lead to sexual maturity and usually occur during the first several years of this period. Majority of adolescents still do not have access to information and education on sexuality, reproduction, and sexual and reproductive health and rights, nor do they have access to preventive and curative service. Due to lack of adequate knowledge they are subject to many problems which pose threat to their healthy life. Pregnancy during adolescence is very serious problem in our country. This study aims to find the level of reproductive health and awareness among girls. Also aims to find whether there is any relationship between the faculty in which they study and their awareness level. Primary data was collected from college going girls in the first year of under graduate programme of all three basic faculties.

ARSH 3: Reproductive and Sexual Health Knowledge: A Comparison Among Married Male and Female Young Adults (15–24 y)

To examine reproductive and sexual knowledge of young married men and women between (15-24 y) in Kerala and to compare the reproductive health knowledge and sexual health knowledge among young married men and women of 20-24 y. This cross sectional community survey was conducted in three districts in Kerala. The married young adults were stratified into age groups of 15-19 y and 20-24 y. Data was collected using separate pretested structured interview schedule. There were no married males below the age of 20 y and only 24 females below the age of 20 y. More proportion of males had statistically significant knowledge about masturbation (72.3%), night emission in boys as an indicator of adolescence (92.6%), the fact that there is no relation between size of penis and sexual performance (78.8%) and condom prevents pregnancy and HIV/AIDS. Among the married 20-24 y group higher proportion of males had knowledge on safe period (47.9%) and condom use (97.9%) whereas higher proportion of females had knowledge on copper-T. With regard to sexual health higher percentage females talked about satisfactory sexual life (83.5%) and good sexual hygiene practices (81.5%). This study on reproductive sexual health knowledge of married men and women between 15 and 24 y, conducted in three districts of Kerala suggests a gap in knowledge level of reproductive health between married men and women. However, with regard to sexual health the opinion expressed are more open in content but not necessarily healthy, suggesting the need for both premarital and newlywed counseling.

Investigation on gynecological diseases of aged women dwelling in old districts of Guangzhou

Objective To understand the reproductive health status of older reproductive aged women living in old districts of Guangzhou,discuss the women health care and prevention strategies with pertinence and improve the health education services.Methods A total of 615 aged women with gynecological diseases were investigated who dwelled in old districts of Guangzhou.Results The main gynecological diseases were infertility ( 30.41％ ),vaginitis ( 17.89％ ),uterine fibroids ( 15.12％ ),and chronic cervicitis ( 10.08％ ).Thedifferences of the morbidities of infertility,vaginitis,uterine fibroids and chronic cervicitis were significant (x2 =57,45,21,15,respectively,P ＜ 0.05) between working women group and homemaker group.Conclusions Infertility is the principal disease affecting the health of older reproductive aged women dwelling in old districts of Guangzhou.Reproductive health status of these women should be concemed.Health education should be started from young people and the propaganda of reproductive health knowledge in the community,enterprises and institutions should be strengthened in order to reduce the risk of gynecological diseases.Meanwhile,the surveys of gynecological diseases are recommended to be carried out in old districts of Guangzhou to improve reproductive health levels and the quality of life of older reproductive aged women. Key words: Resident population of Guangzhou; Older reproductive aged women; Gynecological diseases; Health care

Effect of nursing intervention on level of reproductive health in migrant unmarried females and their awareness

Objective To explore the effect of nursing intervention on level of reproductive health in migrant unmarried females and their awareness.Methods Questionaires were distributed to 1,300 migrant unmarried females in Dongguan.Health education was conducted by clinic visits,telephone interviews,health lectures,and bome nursing.The awareness level of reproductive health was compared after intervention,so was the incidence rate of reproductive system diseases two years after intervention.Results The active awareness of health care were strengthened in the populations, knowledge about reproductive health was obviously increased,with a rate of greater than 80％.The induced abortion rate declined from 58.1％ to 32.8％,and the incidence rates of gynecological diseases and sexually transmitted diseases were obviously lower.Conclusions Nursing intervention is beneficial for improving reproductive health and the awareness level and reducing the incidence rate of female genital infections. Key words: Nursing intervention; Migrant unmarried female; Reproductive health; Effect

Adolescent gynecology: problems and perspectives in the XXI century

At the turn of the century in Russia have negative demographic trends. The reproductive potential of the country has been steadily declining in both quantitative and qualitative terms. Formation of the level of reproductive health of adolescent girls and determine the level of Russian life, family well-being of parents and the socio-cultural characteristics of the region's population live. The main problem Gynecology childhood and adolescence in terms of the formation of the reproductive potential of the country are infectious and inflammatory diseases of the genitals, menstrual irregularities, dysmenorrhea, hyperandrogenism and adolescent pregnancy. The essential contribution to the complex decision of these problems at population level brings expansion of use of modern hormonal contraceptives . It is necessary to provide teenagers with the adequate information on contraception, as a way of the prevention of abortion and a delay of desired pregnancy and its positive influence on reproductive health. Adolescent gynecology should be a priority area of ​​national health care, but today, beginning with adolescence, we can use the capabilities of modern contraception for real maintenance in population scale individualized preparing for pregnancy for each woman's referred on planning of pregnancy in a fully endometrium.

Reproductive health and Millennium Development Goals: sustaining and planning for target attainment

Perhaps, one of the most well-known projects today for planned change is the United Nations Millennium project with eight Millennium Developmental Goals to be achieved by 2015. Of the eight goals, three relate to reproductive health. This study assesses the effect of selected factors on current reproductive health levels in developing countries. Using data for 122 countries, three geographic clusters distinct in reproductive health characteristics were identified. We found that countries with high level of reproductive health enjoyed high levels of reproductive rights. Our findings underscore the relevance of a human rights-based approach towards reproductive health Millennium Development Goals.