Level Of Preventive Practices Research Articles

Knowledge and Preventive Practice of Dengue Fever among Students studying in MMAMC Biratnagar

Introduction: Dengue is a vector-borne viral disease that has rapidly spread in many countries in recent years. Dengue Shock Syndrome have become major public health concern which clearly evident to give attention to follow the healthy behaviors and attitude for its prevention and control. The objective of the study is to assess the knowledge and preventive practice of dengue fever among students studying in MMAMC, Biratnagar.
 Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional research was conducted in Mahendra Morang Adarsh Multiple Campus in September 2018, among 271 students using non probability purposive sampling technique. Self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics.
 Result: Out of 271 students 55.7% were male and 44.3% were female. The overall mean and standard deviation of the age was 20.65±1.53 years. The study revealed that the respondents had inadequate knowledge (85.6%) and inadequate preventive practice (64.2%) of dengue fever. There was no significant association between level of knowledge and level of preventive practice on dengue fever with p <0.05.
 Conclusion: This study concluded that majority of the respondents had inadequate knowledge regarding dengue fever and more than half of the respondents had a inadequate preventive practice. Despite the rapid expansion of dengue virus in Nepal, the knowledge and preventive practice of respondents on dengue fever was very low. Educational intervention and awareness program on dengue fever are recommended for its prevention.

Level of preventive practices against hypertension among the OPD attendants of Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College, Bogura

Level of preventive practices against hypertension among the OPD attendants of Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College, Bogura

Food handler's level of COVID-19 prevention practice and preparedness of food and drinking establishments to combat the pandemic in Eastern Ethiopia.

BackgroundFood and drinking establishments are potential hotspots for the spread of coronavirus. Food handler's have a higher risk of contracting the disease and transmitting it to others. The aim of this study was to assess the food handler's level of preventive practices toward COVID-19 and the preparedness of food and drinking establishments to tackle the pandemic in Eastern Ethiopia.MethodsThe cross-sectional study design was conducted from September 1 to 30, 2020. A stratified sampling technique was used to select 276 licensed public food and drinking establishments and a simple random sampling technique was employed to select 422 food handlers from the selected establishments. A face-to-face interview and checklist-based observation were used to collect data. The collected data were entered into Epidata 3.1 and exported to STATA version 16 for analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis were conducted to identify factors associated with COVID-19 preventive practice. Statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05.ResultsAbout 406 food handler's participated in this study, making the response rate 96.2%. The study showed that 38.4% of study participants (95% CI: 33.5, 43.1) had good preventive practices for COVID-19. Only 10.5% of food and drinking establishments fulfilled all requirements to prevent COVID-19 transmission. Being male [AOR = 0.61, 95% CI(0.61, (0.39, 0.93)], attending secondary education [AOR = 2.20, (95% CI: 1.37, 3.53)], having a favorable attitude toward COVID-19 [AOR = 1.89, (95% CI: 1.22, 2.95)], and having good knowledge about COVID-19 [AOR = 1.78, (95% CI: 1.13, 2.81)] were significantly associated with the level of COVID-19 preventive practices.ConclusionThe level of good COVID-19 preventive practice was found to be low among the food handler's. Only one in ten food and drink establishments fulfilled the national guideline for preventing COVID-19 transmission. Being male, attending secondary education, having knowledge about COVID-19, and having a favorable attitude toward COVID-19 were significantly associated with good COVID-19 preventive practices. A vibrant guideline on prevention practices should be in place at all establishments, and compliance should be monitored. Local health office experts should take comprehensive measures to make all food and drinking establishments accountable for practicing all preventive measures.

Practices and associated factors of infection prevention of nurses working in public and private hospitals toward COVID-19 in Bahir Dar City, Northwest Ethiopia: Institution-based cross-sectional study.

Objective:To assess the levels of practices and associated factors of infection prevention of nurses working in public and private hospitals toward coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia.Methods:Institution-based cross-sectional study design employed in public and private hospitals in Bahir Dar city from 26 March 2021 to 8 April 2021. A total of 442 study participants were recruited using stratified followed by simple random sampling techniques. A self-administered questionnaire was prepared and pretested on 5% of the total sample. The collected data were checked for completeness and consistency, and then the data were coded, entered, and cleaned with SPSS version 25 software. Descriptive statistics were carried out to display the means and proportions of sociodemographic characteristics. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between the level of prevention practices and the independent variables. An adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to report the results. A significant association was set at p-value <0.05.Results:Of the total 442 samples, 431 (with response rate of 97.5%) answered the questions completely. The mean (±standard deviation) age of the participants was 29.33 (±5.62) years and 217 (50.3%) were females. The proportion of good prevention practices of nurses toward COVID-19 was 39.4% (95% confidence interval: 35%–44%). Female (adjusted odds ratio = 1.77, 95% confidence interval: 1.18–2.68), have training on COVID-19 (adjusted odds ratio = 1.65, 95% confidence interval: 1.10–2.48), personal protective equipment access (adjusted odds ratio = 1.57, 95% confidence interval: 1.01–2.44), availability of infection prevention guideline (adjusted odds ratio = 1.63, 95% confidence interval: 1.06–2.49), and favorable attitude (adjusted odds ratio = 2.05, 95% confidence interval: 1.25–3.36) were factors significantly associated with good infection prevention practices.Conclusion:Most nurses in Bahir Dar City public and private hospitals had poor prevention practices against COVID-19. Training provision, infection prevention guidelines distribution, sustainable personal protective equipment access, and promotion to change their attitudes are intervention areas that required emphasis.

Relationships among COVID-19 Prevention Practices, Risk Perception and Individual Characteristics: A Temporal Analysis.

The effectiveness of public health measures in containing an infectious disease largely depends on how the general public is taking the prevention practices in daily lives. Previous studies have shown that different risk perceptions and sociodemographic characteristics may lead to vastly different prevention behaviors. This paper applies a temporal perspective in examining the changing patterns of prevention practices over time and their dynamic relationships with the perceived risk towards COVID-19 and its individual characteristics. Three key timelines (February, April, and June of 2020) were identified to represent the early, lockdown, and reopening stages of the first wave. Data were drawn from an online survey conducted in the Greater Toronto Area (GTA) of Canada (n = 470). Chi-square tests and logistic regression models revealed important temporal patterns in practicing different hygienic and mobility-related prevention measures and the respondents’ risk perceptions during the three timelines. The factors predicting the level of prevention practices vary across the three timelines, based on the specific type of prevention, and within the changing public health contexts. This study contributes to the literature on COVID-19 by incorporating a temporal perspective in conceptualizing prevention predictors. It provides crucial insights for developing timely public health strategies to improve infectious disease prevention at different stages and for individuals with varying backgrounds.

Knowledge and Preventive Practices Regarding Dengue Fever in Nepal

Dengue is an acute infection disease caused by a flavi virus (species Dengue virus of the genus Flavi virus), transmitted by female mosquito aedes mosquito, infection has globally become a major public health concern since the incidence of the dengue fever has increased more than 30-fold over the last decades. The dengue fever has been a most important public health problems since many years and the various outbreak of the dengue cases has been seen time to time. One of the reasons for the increasing and time to time outbreak of the dengue may be the reason of climate change, global warming, lack of knowledge about signs, symptoms, transmission, preventive measure and lack of ignorance or lack of the preventive practice of the dengue fever. Descriptive, cross-sectional study on 192 head of household's was study population residing in Kanchan RM, Rupandehi District. Respondent was selected using Non probability judgmental sampling techniques by face-to-face interview was used. Result shows 58.3% good knowledge and 62% good practice. Knowledge was found to be associated with Age, Types of family, Size of family, educational level and Family suffered from dengue. Preventive practice was found to be associated with the Ever heard from health professional. Study will contribute towards development of appropriate policy strategies at local level that will tackle the problem associated with the knowledge and preventive practice of DF and provide a basis for future research on this area. Inferential analysis shows that there is significant association between the level of knowledge with age, types of family, size of family, educational level and family suffered from dengue and the level of preventive practice was associated with the ever heard from health professional.

EVALUATING THE ROLE OF KNOWLEDGE IN KAP MODEL ON SELF-PREVENTIVE HEALTHCARE: EVIDENCE FROM TUBERCULOSIS PATIENTS IN MALAYSIA

Malaysia aims to end the Tuberculosis (TB) epidemic by the year 2035. However, to ensure a successful program for TB control, it is still a challenge to instil good self-preventive healthcare among patients. Therefore, the study seeks to address the knowledge gap among TB patients and their level of prevention practices which have not been studied extensively in Malaysia. Using questionnaires, this cross-sectional study was conducted among 1606 registered TB patients in selected states of Malaysia from May 2014 to March 2015. General knowledge of TB among TB patients was high - patients from Penang, who resided in suburban areas and self-employed revealed to have high TB knowledge than the others. Thus, by identifying how TB patients view their transmission risk and prevention, practices may contribute to an improved future screening option and enhanced education efforts for medical practitioners to develop more customized programs for TB patients.

Knowledge and Practices towards Prevention and Early Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease and Associated Factors among Hypertensive Patients in Gondar Town, North West Ethiopia.

Background Chronic kidney disease is a global health problem with serious adverse effects, including kidney failure, cardiovascular disease, and premature death. Improving awareness and practice on the impact, prevention, and early detection of chronic kidney disease will reduce the significant economic and public health burden. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine knowledge and practice towards prevention and early detection of chronic kidney disease and its associated factors among hypertensive patients in Gondar town in 2019. The study included hypertensive patients visiting health institutions from February to March 2019. Data was collected using a semistructured questionnaire and individuals who fulfilled our inclusion criteria were selected using a systemic random sampling technique. Epi Info software version 7 was used for data entry, and SPSS version 20 was used for descriptive and logistic regression analysis. Result Out of a total of 442 participants, 434 completed the questionnaire, with a response rate of 98.1%. Of the total, 298 (68.7%) had good knowledge of chronic kidney disease with a mean knowledge score of 8.78 ± 2.80 and 210 (48.4%) had good practice with mean practice score of 6.58 ± 1.61. Educational status, residence, and duration of hypertension were significantly associated with the knowledge and practice scores of the participants in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. Conclusion More than half of the participants had good knowledge about chronic kidney disease and its risk factors. However, the level of preventive practice among participants was low. The educational status, residence, and duration of hypertension were significantly associated variables with knowledge and practice scores in multivariate logistic regression.

Knowledge and Preventive Practice of Occupational Health Hazards among Nurses in different Teaching Hospitals

Introduction/ Objective: Occupational health hazards are recognized as global problems for health care workers and especially among the nurses as they are often the first health care provider. It is increasing day by day due to change in science and technology and is quiet high in developing countries. This aim of the study was to find the knowledge and preventive practice of occupational health hazards among the nurses. Methods: A descriptive, cross sectional study was carried out among 339 nurses working in three different teaching hospitals of the Kathmandu from February 28, 2016 to March 28, 2016 using multistage random sampling technique. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect the data. Results: The study findings revealed that the mean knowledge score was 26.7±7.3. The level of knowledge of occupational health hazards among the nurses was 68.1% (adequate knowledge). The knowledge was statistically significant with education (OR = 3.47, CI: 2.15-5.59 and p value 0.00). The mean practice score was 7.6 ±3.1.The level of preventive practice on occupational hazards was 25.4% (poor practice). The practice was statistically significant with age (OR=2.01, CI = 1.21-3.35 and p = 0.006); designation (OR= 3.08, CI= 1.42-6.69 and p = 0.003); work experience (OR=1.87, CI= 1.13-3.07 and p = 0.01); previous in-service education/ training (OR=2.25; CI= 1.02-4.92 and p = 0.03). Conclusion: Overwhelmingly, nurses had adequate knowledge but poor preventive practice indicating higher risk of occupational hazards hence training and in-service education, adequate provision of personal protective equipments and establishment of effective occupational health program for nurses are needed to encourage them adhere to good preventive practice.

Nurses’ Practice Related to Prevention of Pressure Ulcer among Patients and Factors Inhibiting and Promoting these Practices

Pressure sores have plagued the nursing profession for many years as a major health care problem in terms of a patient's suffering and financial cost. Current study is aimed to assess nurses’ practices related to prevention of pressure ulcer and identifying factors which inhibit and promote nursing practices in relation to pressure ulcer prevention. An observational approach was used with descriptive design on sample of 100 nurses from medical- surgical units of the Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute of Medical Science and Research, Hospital, Mullana, Ambala selected by convenience sampling technique. The data was collected by using observational checklist and rating scale. The nurses’ practice observed and showed that majority of nurses (87%) was performing fair practice for prevention of pressure ulcer and only 2 nurses were doing good practice. There was no significant association of level of preventive practice with age, gender, year of experience and there was significant association of level preventive practice with area of work. Factors identified by nurses as promoter for practice in relation to prevention of pressure ulcer are: Use of risk assessment tool, Use of pressure ulcer prevention protocol, Teamwork & collaboration, Supervision of bedside practice by ward sisters. Factors identified by nurses as inhibitor are: Lack of confidence in performing activities, Inadequate skin care supplies, More involvement of nurses in non patient care activities, Knowledge deficit for use of equipments and skin care products, Lack of patient co-operation in following commands, lack of staff training and education. Therefore it is concluded that nurses’ practice in relation to prevention of pressure ulcer are not appropriate.