Level Of Occupational Burnout Research Articles

The influence of environmental factors on the job burnout of physical education teachers in tertiary education

This study takes environmental factors and individual factors as variables to explore the deep internal mechanism of the impact of a comprehensive environment on higher education physical education (PE) teachers’ job burnout. Little research has been done on how environmental factors affect the internal mechanism of college and university PE teachers’ job burnout through individual factors (e.g., professional pressure and teaching efficacy). In this study, the participants were 231 PE teachers from seven comprehensive universities, and four questionnaires were administered to measure the participants’ job burnout, perceived overall environment, teaching efficacy, and occupational stress. Research has found that environmental factors have a significant negative impact on occupational stress, and occupational stress plays an important mediating role between environment and occupational burnout. Research has shown that differences in external environments lead to varying levels of personal stress among college physical education teachers, which in turn affects their level of occupational burnout. The study concludes that a good social, working, and living environment helps to reduce the work pressure on PE teachers, improves their sense of teaching efficacy, and inhibits the occurrence of teachers’ job burnout.

Wypalenie zawodowe pedagogów specjalnych

Occupational burnout is a phenomenon manifested through depersonalisation, emotional exhaustion and reduced job satisfaction. This syndrome is primarily associated with helping professions, which include the work of a special educator. Experiencing symptoms of burnout by special educators may reduce not only their quality of life, but also the effectiveness of their interventions with clients. Starting from the presentation of Maslach’s concept of occupational burnout, an attempt was made to briefly characterise the specificity of the special educator’s work and to indicate potential sources of the burnout syndrome, moving on to the presentation of selected sociodemographic variables that may differentiate its level. The aim of the research was an attempt to determine the level of occupational burnout and to check whether selected demographic and social factors, such as age, type of institution and its location, differentiate the level of occupational burnout of special educators. The research used a diagnostic survey method with the use of a questionnaire technique. The results showed that special educators do not experience strong occupational burnout and demonstrate relatively high personal commitment. The analyses also showed that the age of special educators differentiates two components of professional burnout: depersonalisation and personal commitment.

Суб’єктивна оцінка стану здоров’я педагогічними працівників з різними рівнями професійного вигорання в умовах соціальної ізоляції та воєнного стану

The aim of the study is to analyze data on the state of health of teachers with different levels of occupational burnout who were in different social conditions of life (social isolation and martial law). Materials and methods. To achieve the goal, the method of V. V. Boiko «Diagnostics of the level of emotional burnout» (1998) and a specially developed questionnaire «Subjective assessment of the state of health, life activities and working conditions of teachers» were used, with the help of which an anonymous survey was conducted general secondary education institutions in the city of Sumy during the period of social isolation due to the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in 2021 (85 people) and during martial law in April 2023 (106 people). Results. The proportion of the group of teachers with a low level of occupational burnout increased and was 2.22 times higher than the similar group of teachers during the period of social isolation (30.97±3.35)%, t=8.04, p≤0.001), which may indicate a possible decrease in the influence of professional stressors and an actualization of the feeling of uncertainty, constant anxiety, fear for one’s own life and the lives of loved ones, which is due to the military situation in the country. In conditions of social isolation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, average (48.24±3.36)% t=9.54, p≤0.001) and low (41.18±3.31)% t=7.83, p≤0.001) levels of occupational burnout prevailed. Under the conditions of martial law, the manifestations of occupational burnout changed: the proportion of the group of teachers with a low level of occupational burnout increased and was 2.22 times higher than the similar group of teachers during the period of social isolation (30.97±3.35)%, t=8.04, p≤0.001), which may indicate a possible decrease in the influence of professional stressors and an actualization of the feeling of uncertainty, constant anxiety, fear for one’s own life and the lives of loved ones, which is due to the military situation in the country. If during the period of isolation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, a high level of occupational burnout significantly prevailed among teachers under the age of 40 (55.56±5.38)%), then during the period of martial law, a high level of occupational burnout was mainly registered among teachers of the older age group (up to 50 – (42.86±4.81)%). In general, (76.02±3.09)% of the surveyed teachers defined their health status as satisfactory, (16.29±2.67)% as unsatisfactory, and only (7.69±1.93)% of respondents as excellent. Among the interviewees in the group with unsatisfactory self-assessment of health, teachers of the age groups «under 50» and «over 50» predominated (36.11±3.47)% and (30.56±3.33)%, respectively) compared to the groups «up to 30» – (8.33±1.99)% and «up to 40» – (25.00±3.13)%, which can be explained by the natural accumulation over the years of functional abnormalities and chronic pathology. The leading complaints, regardless of social conditions and levels of occupational burnout, were complaints of headaches, palpitations, sleep disturbances, and increased blood pressure. Conclusions. The established results of the study require further improvement of the assessment of the components of mental health among teaching staff in conditions of martial law and the development of hygienic recommendations for the prevention of occupational burnout in various social conditions of the labor process.

Relationship Between Occupational Burnout and Negative Affective Responses of Nurses During the Public Health Crisis

Background: Long-term exposure of nurses to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the lack of necessary and sufficient facilities to deal with the disease have had significant negative effects on their occupational and mental health. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the association between occupational burnout and negative affective responses, including depression, anxiety, and stress, in nurses during the recent pandemic. Methods: A total of 270 nurses who worked at Razi hospital, one of the principal referral hospitals for COVID-19 patients in the northern province of Guilan, Iran, throughout 2021 - 2022, were included in this study. These nurses were selected using convenience sampling and were assigned to one of three wards: COVID-19 (n = 43), emergency (n = 55), or other wards (n = 172). In addition to providing their sociodemographic information, the participants completed two assessments: the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales-42 (DASS-42). Results: The correlation matrix showed that all MBI-HSS and DASS-42 scores, except in one case, had a positive correlation with each other (P < 0.0001). In the multiple analysis of variance, gender (P = 0.17), education (P = 0.005), hospital ward (P = 0.048), social support (P = 0.001), family support (P < 0.0001), financial support (P = 0.01), occupational satisfaction (P = 0.044), social respect (P < 0.0001), history of death in the family (P = 0.006) and relatives (P = 0.043), and having a child in primary school age (P = 0.04) created a significant difference in MBI-HSS and DASS-42 scores. Conclusions: In general, nurses tend to be considerably affected by the negative effects of the recent public health crisis, especially occupational burnout, and it is necessary to make arrangements to improve their mental health and reduce the level of occupational burnout in them.

Having Children and Being Married Are Predictors of Burnout and Obesity Among Working Men: Effects of Latent Profile Analysis.

Emergency call-takers and dispatchers' (ECDs) work makes them vulnerable to occupational burnout and health problems. The aim of this research was to apply a Person-Oriented approach in order to examine the relationships between burnout risk factors (having children), personal resources (being married), and health consequences (overweight and obesity) among men working in these positions. The burnout syndrome was assessed among 228 Polish ECDs using The Link Burnout Questionnaire and the method of latent profile analysis (LPA). All ECDs were characterized by high levels of occupational burnout exhibited in 3 out of its 4 dimensions. The LPA allowed us to differentiate 4 patterns of burnout, taking into account socio-demographic variables, the length of employment as ECD and body weight. The need to balance the demands of professional work with having children and marital roles played an important role in predicting the level of professional burnout. There was a relationship between the dimensions of occupational burnout and age, being married, and having children. Being married was associated with a greater intensity of emotional exhaustion, and the level of exhaustion was higher if the employee had children in their care. Health consequences in the form of overweight and obesity can be associated with levels of emotional exhaustion and professional effectiveness. The application of the Person-Oriented approach presents hidden correlations between burnout predictors and health consequences.

The Level of Psychological Tension and Professional Burnout in Nurses Employed in Hospital Emergency Departments

Burnout syndrome is a collection of adverse symptoms that affect nursing staff employed in medical facilities. This syndrome is marked by a low mood, mental fatigue, and physical discomfort. Its emergence is impacted by strenuous work, organizational problems, and interpersonal conflicts. The aim of this study was to analyze the degree of mental burden and occupational burnout of nurses employed in Hospital Emergency Departments (ER). The data collection was based on the author’s questionnaire, as well as the MBI Maslach occupational burnout questionnaire and the Meister’s mental burden assessment questionnaire. The sample comprised 113 professionally active nurses employed in the HED. Conclusions: (1) the respondents exhibit a low and medium level of occupational burnout and mental workload, (2) socio-demographic factors, work experience and prevention methods do not affect the level of mental workload and occupational burnout, (3) employment in several workplaces causes a higher level of workload and professional burnout, (4) satisfaction with remuneration and support from colleagues is a key factor in reducing the risks of professional burnout.

Workplace Stressors, Levels of Burnout Among Faculty in Educational Institutions – A Case Study

Purpose: The study aims to assess the prevalence and severity of burnout among faculty in educational institutions, identify specific stressors contributing to it, and develop targeted interventions and support systems to mitigate burnout and improve well-being. The findings highlight the prevalence of work stress among faculty, varying in intensity and frequency, emphasizing the need for effective interventions and support systems to alleviate stress. The study recommends implementing stress management programs and providing support for faculty in educational institutions to effectively address work-related stress. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study investigates workplace stressors and the levels of burnout among faculty members in educational institutions. Using a well-structured questionnaire, data was collected from 40 faculty members working in undergraduate colleges located in Mangalore City, Karnataka State. The questionnaire consisted of two sections: a) Socio-Demographic Information, and b) Level of Occupational Burnout. A representative sample of faculty members from different educational institutions was selected. The determination of the sample size is guided by statistical power calculations, aiming to guarantee sufficient representation and applicability of the study's findings. Findings: The overall findings indicate that work stress is prevalent among faculty members in educational institutions. The survey reveals that a significant number of respondents frequently or sometimes feel physically exhausted, find it difficult to meet work schedules, and perceive their job as tedious. Additionally, a considerable proportion of participants experience anxiety related to their work. On the positive side, the majority of respondents reported receiving cooperation from their colleagues and feeling enthusiastic at work. However, a notable portion of faculty members expressed dissatisfaction with their returns. The results imply a necessity for implementing interventions and support mechanisms to effectively tackle work-related stress and promote job satisfaction among faculty in educational institutions. Originality/Value: The originality of this study lies in its examination of workplace stressors and burnout specifically among faculty members in educational institutions. While previous research has explored burnout in various professions, this study focuses on the unique context of educational faculty. Furthermore, the study contributes to the field by identifying specific stressors that contribute to burnout in this specific population and proposing targeted interventions and support systems tailored to the needs of faculty in educational institutions. Overall, the study's originality lies in its contribution to the understanding of burnout in the educational setting and its potential impact on faculty well-being. Paper Type: Case Study.

Sonographers’ Perception of Administrative Support and Resources for Burnout Prevention

Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the occupational burnout levels among a cohort of sonographers practicing in the United States and their perception of administrative support and resources for burnout prevention. Materials and Methods: This study used a quantitative descriptive design with a cross-sectional online survey administered to the Society of Diagnostic Medical Sonography members. The survey consisted of demographic information, administrative support questions, and burnout measurements using the validated Oldenburg Burnout Inventory. Results: A total of 1393 sonographers participated in the study. The results of this sonographer cohort indicated that 55.7% experienced moderate burnout. Although 30.9% reported feeling their employers cared for their well-being, 36.6% of respondents indicated no administrative support, and 30.7% said their administration did not provide resources to help them cope. Conclusion: Occupational burnout levels among this cohort of sonographers was moderate and could increase without adequate intervention. Addressing sonographer burnout and managing stressors will help organizations to retain staff, continue providing quality patient care, and maintain patient outcomes.

Nurses' intention to leave their jobs in relation to work environment factors in Polish hospitals: Cross-sectional study.

The lack of nursing staff is a current problem not only in Poland, but also in the world. The decision of nurses to leave the workplace, apart from the financial aspect, often results from unfavourable working conditions related to the work environment. The study was multicentre, cross-sectional. The study was conducted among a group of 1509 nurses employed in surgical and internal medicine wards in 21 hospitals in Poland. The key variables of the study were: the intention of the nurses to leave their jobs, the nurses' working environment, the level of satisfaction, the level of occupational burnout and the number of patients cared for on the last shift, the number of nurses on the last shift. The Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) questionnaire were used in the research. Almost half of the surveyed nurses (48.84%) declared their willingness to leave their current workplace. The statistical analysis showed that nurses declaring their willingness to quit their job in the hospital where they were employed were significantly younger (42.88 vs. 45.04, p = 0.000), had shorter total length of service overall (19.96 vs. 23.20), and also in the hospital where they were employed (15.86 vs. 18.50, p = 0.000). The increase in the number of patients by one was significantly associated with a 1% increase in the risk of leaving work (OR = 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.02). An increase in emotional exhaustion significantly increased the risk of leaving work by 2% (OR = 1.02, 95% CI 0.99-1.03). Younger age of nurses, greater workload resulting from more patients and occupational burnout - emotional exhaustion is correlated with the risk of leaving work in the hospital. A lower risk of leaving the job is associated with a higher level of job satisfaction in the hospital, salary and promotion opportunities. Med Pr Work Health Saf. 2023;74(5):377-87.

Regular and healthy nutrition and good sleep quality reduce the level of occupational burnout of nursing staff working with patients with mental disorders – an observational study

Background. Mental health nurses are burdened with risk of occupational burnout. They are exposed to severe psychological stress because they often encounter violence, assaults, beatings, suicides, patient escapes and other difficult situations in their work.Aim of the study. Analysis of occupational burnout and severity of depression symptoms among nurses working with patients with mental disorders. Material and methods. In 2022, 106 members of the nursing staff working with patients with mental disorders were examined. The Maslach Burnout Inventory Questionnaire and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale were used.Results. Respondents showed high levels of emotional exhaustion (43; 40.57%), depersonalization (30; 28.30%) and lack of personal achievement (60; 56.60%). The group of 30.19% (n=32) had symptoms of severe depression. The higher level of depression, the higher level of emotional exhaustion (r= 0.554, p<0.001). The higher level of depersonalization (r= 0.499, p<0.001), the lower level of job satisfaction (r= -0.59, p<0.001). The people with very good or good sleep quality had higher level of job satisfaction (p=0.001), lower level of emotional exhaustion (p<0.001) and depersonalization of (p=0.006) in contrast to people with bad quality of sleep. People who had eaten unhealthy food, had higher level of emotional exhaustion (p=0.02) and depersonalization (p=0.006), and lower level of job satisfaction (p=0.019) in contrast to people who had eaten healthy food. Conclusions. Healthy, regular nutrition and good quality of sleep appeared to be key determinants that reduce the level of occupational burnout. The results show how important are these factors in prevention.

Role stress, occupational burnout and depression among emergency nurses: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundEmergency nurses are a professional group at a high risk of burnout and depression. This may influence their mental state and physical health. AimsThe aim of the study was to explore the relationship between role stress, occupational burnout and depression among emergency nurses. MethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out among 295 emergency nurses from eight tertiary hospitals in western China. The Role Stress Scale, the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Human Services Survey and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale were employed. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation analysis and regression analysis were performed. ResultsOf the study participants, 54.6% were found to have depressive symptoms and 48.1% had severe occupational burnout. Positive correlations were observed between the scores of role stress and burnout and depression. Approximately 37.1% of the variation in depression was explained by the components of occupational burnout. ConclusionsEmergency nurses experience high levels of role stress, occupational burnout and depression. Preventive approaches to role stress, burnout and depression are needed to improve their psychological condition and quality of work life.

The prevalence of occupational burnout and its individual and situational predictors among addiction therapists.

This study assesses the prevalence and individual and organizational predictors of occupational burnout among addiction therapists. A total of 452 addiction therapists from a representative sample of 184 Polish alcohol treatment facilities (outpatient and inpatient) participated in the study (facility response rate = 42%). The Oldenburg Burnout Inventory was used to measure occupational burnout, and 15 subscales of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire II were administered to assess psychosocial work conditions. In addition, the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and the abbreviated six-item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale measured other important dimensions of addiction therapists' psychosocial functioning. Logistic regression was used for the analysis of the data. Occupational burnout was noticeably prevalent in the study group: 62% of respondents experienced exhaustion and 50% experienced disengagement from work, both to at least a moderate degree. Situational (organizational) variables were the most important predictors, explaining much more of the variance in both dimensions of burnout than the individual factors, of which only depression was significantly related to higher levels of exhaustion. Coronavirus anxiety played a marginal role in explaining the severity of burnout. The current study is one of the first attempts to assess the level of occupational burnout among addiction therapists and to comprehensively investigate the factors contributing to it. The findings provide useful information for the development of interventions aimed at preventing or reducing burnout in this professional group.

The effect of personality on occupational stress among employees in Universiti Teknologi MARA Perlis

The education sector has significant well-being issues, with high levels of occupational stress and burnout. Previous research has focused on environmental factors in isolation, overlooking the influence of personality. Universiti Teknologi Mara Perlis (UiTM Perlis) (n=100) completed an online survey composed of three questionnaires; the NEO Five-Factor Inventory, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the Job Stress Survey. Multiple regression analysis revealed that personality is a better predictor of occupational stress than environment (p<.001). Neuroticism is the trait that significantly predicts occupational stress (p<.001), and the components of neuroticism that contribute the most to stress are depression (p=.002) and anger hostility (p=.005). Overall findings suggest that newly employees are at greater risk of suffering from high levels of occupational stress than those well established in the profession, and with higher levels of depression and anger hostility are likely to experience greater levels of occupational stress. Implications highlight the need for greater awareness of potentially susceptible personality traits in the employee’s admissions process. This would allow for the identification of those at risk and the implementation of interventions.

Investigating compassion fatigue and predictive factors in paediatric surgery nurses.

Nurses provide care to meet the complex needs of patients in the increasing workload in the health system and are at risk of compassion fatigue. The concept of compassion fatigue has begun drawing attention in the last decade, as it negatively affects nurses' physical and mental health, job performance and satisfaction, and therefore patient care quality. This study was to examine compassion fatigue and predictive factors in paediatric surgery nurses. The study was cross-sectional, predictive and quantitative. It was conducted with the 135 paediatric surgery nurses. The data were sent to the email addresses of the members via Google Survey. Research data were collected with the Nurse Information Form, Compassion Fatigue Scale, Life Satisfaction Scale and Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale. After obtaining the approval of the University's ethics committee, the study was carried out after obtaining participants' informed written and verbal consent. There was a difference between the level of compassion fatigue according to the paediatric surgery unit that worked the longest and the thought of changing their profession. Burn unit nurses and nurses who were considering changing professions have higher compassion fatigue scores. When the predictors of compassion fatigue were examined, the thought of changing the nursing profession and life satisfaction were significant predictors of compassion fatigue. The thought of changing the nursing profession and life satisfaction explained 22% of compassion fatigue. The same variables and the longest working period of the paediatric surgery unit were the estimators of the level of occupational burnout; explaining 29% of occupational burnout. Compassion fatigue, life satisfaction and perceived social support of paediatric surgery nurses are moderate. Compassion fatigue is affected by working time, the thought of changing the profession, life satisfaction and perceived social support.

The effect of burnout syndrome on the job satisfaction of employees in the municipalities of South Lima: a cross-sectional study.

Nowadays, improving the performance of employees is essential to increase productivity and achieve continuous improvement; therefore, it is necessary to achieve job satisfaction among all members of the organisation to avoid negative attitudes, professional burnout, health problems and a lack of commitment. Therefore, our objective was to determine the level of burnout and its relationship with the level of job satisfaction among employees in the municipalities of southern Lima. The research is basic research, with a quantitative approach and a cross-sectional, nonexperimental, correlational design. The survey technique was used and the data collection instrument was a questionnaire addressed to 271 workers of the municipalities of South Lima on the variable burnout syndrome with the dimensions depersonalisation and emotional exhaustion, as well as on the variable job satisfaction with the dimensions work benefits, administrative policies and social relations, with a Cronbach's alpha reliability of 0.801. The results show that 50.2% of the employees state that they have an overload of mental effort that causes a high level of emotional exhaustion, 50.2% state that the work develops in them negative and insensitive attitudes that increase their level of depersonalisation and 77.9% state that the company is unable to satisfy the personal demands of the employees through the work benefits it offers. These findings reflect that burnout is a common illness in organisations due to workload, poor organisational climate and neglect of employees' emotional health. Therefore, more research is needed on the role of organisations in reducing levels of occupational burnout in order to promote improvements in mental health.

EXAMINING THE CONCEPT OF OCCUPATIONAL BURNOUT AND THE LEVEL OF OCCUPATIONAL BURNOUT IN TERMS OF DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES

Purpose- The aim of the study is to examine how the level of occupational burnout is affected by demographic variables. Methodology- Occupational burnout level was examined in terms of demographic variables. Demographic variables; gender, marital status, age, education level of the person, monthly income level, working time in the current institution (seniority period) and total seniority in business life. The Maslach Burnout scale was used to measure the dimensions of professional burnout, and the three dimensions of the scale, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and the feeling of decrease in personal achievement, and demographic variables were examined. Questionnaire method was used. Findings- According to the results of the research, demographic variables have an impact on burnout in general. A high level of relationship was found between income level, gender, age, seniority of the person and professional burnout. A moderate relationship was found between marital and educational status and professional burnout. Among the dimensions of occupational burnout, the dimension most affected by demographic variables is the dimension of emotional exhaustion. The highest effect is between income level and gender demographic variables and emotional exhaustion dimension. Conclusion- As a result, due to the fact that demographic variables have an effect on occupational burnout, the result of the study emerges that businesses should consider the demographic variables while considering the occupational burnout status of the employees. The high effect of income level and gender variables on occupational burnout is important. Considering these differences and considering the demographic variables in general, reducing the level of professional burnout, which has a high impact on the performance of the employees, has a high importance in terms of improving the performance of the enterprises and studies should be carried out in this direction. Keywords: Occupational burnout, demographic variables, feelings of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and decreased personal achievement. JEL Codes: O15, M11, M12

Effect Of Job Burnout on Employees’ Satisfaction: A Comparison Study Between Public Universities and Private Universities in Jordan

This study investigates the impact of job burnout on work satisfaction in Jordanian universities. Try to find a solution to in this study; a descriptive analytic method was employed to compare academic offerings at public and private institutions. A sample of 300 administrative staff members from Jordanian institutions, both public and private, was given questionnaires as the main data collection tool. The study found that the administrative staff at the university department had higher-than-average levels of occupational burnout. Poor personal achievement, physical and emotional exhaustion, negative perceptions of romantic relationships, and low personal performance were shown to be the most persistent aspects of professional burnout. The prevalence of occupational burnout was found to be higher in public universities there are no observable differences between personnel at both private and public companies with respect to of incidences of job burnout. In comparison to private institutions, employee satisfaction was lower at public universities. This study showed that in public colleges, there is no relationship between work morality and employee pleasure. However, the only aspect that affects employee satisfaction at private institutions is her poor personal performance.

Occupational burnout in nurses employed in cardiology and noncardiology departments

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): Uniwersytet Jagiellonian Collegium Medicum, Krakow Prevalence of occupational burnout in nurses employed in cardiology and non-cardiology departments in hospitals in the Małopolska region Introduction An increase in the incidence of burnout symptoms was observed in nurses employed in hospitals. Objective An assessment of the frequency of burnout symptoms among nurses working in hospital cardiology and non-cardiology departments. Metody: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted between 2020 and 2022. It was carried out in a group of 155 nurses working in cardiology departments and 202 nurses working in non-cardiology departments. The nurses were randomly selected from the register of hospital employed nurses of Malopolska Regional Chamber of Nurses and Midwives. The incidence and intensity of burnout syndrom were determined based on Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). The study described the burnout syndrome the level of occupational burnout using the dimensions of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Results Among the surveyed nurses, a high level of emotional exhaustion was the most common, 52.9% in cardiology nurses and 45% in other nurses. The average level of depersonalization was most common (37.4% vs 33.2%). Personal accomplishment was dominated by a low degree in both groups (48.4% and 48.0%). No significant differences were found between the types of departments. There were a significant relationship between the occurrence of depersonalization symptoms and age (p<0.007) and work experience of nurses (p<0.009). Nurses with a high degree of depersonalization were significantly younger or had shorter work experience. Conclusions The study found that nurses worked in hospital departments in Małopolska region were very high level of burnout. The incidents of exposure was no depend on the departments where they work.

The relationship between occupational burnout and moral courage in operating room personnel: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundNurses are prone to early occupational burnout. Compared to the personnel in other hospital wards, operating room personnel suffer from higher rate of occupational burnout. Previous studies have addressed the relationship between burnout and moral distress, but a review of literature shows that the relationship between occupational burnout and moral courage has not been investigated. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between occupational burnout and moral courage in the operating room personnel. MethodThis is a descriptive-analytical study with a cross-sectional design. The participants consisted of 583 members of the operating room personnel of hospitals affiliated with a university. Data were collected using the Burnout Inventory and the Moral Courage scale. ResultsThe majority of the participants were female (81.1%) and married (65.7%) and had a bachelor's degree (86.4%). The occupational burnout mean score of the participants was an average (61.28±17.06), while their moral courage mean score was a high (93.74±11.16). The results showed that the relationship between the operating room personnel's job burnout and moral courage was not statistically significant (P = 0.067, R=-0.076). ConclusionGiven the fact that operating room personnel suffer from average levels of occupational burnout, operating room managers must arrange continuous educational programs and periodic counseling sessions to reduce burnout in the operating room personnel. In addition, clinical policy makers are advised to take measures to maintain the persistence of morally courageous behaviors by the personnel to protect patient rights.

Mediating role of depression between workplace violence and job burnout among healthcare workers.

Health workers are at risk of workplace violence, which can seriously affects their mental health and work status. This study aims to explore the mediating role of depression between workplace violence and job burnout among healthcare workers. From January 10 to February 5, 2019, a questionnaire was distributed to frontline healthcare workers through the wenjuanxing platform using convenient sampling (snowball sampling). The questionnaire included the Chinese version of the Workplace Violence Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and Patient Health Questionnaires (PHQ-2). Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and mediation model tests were conducted on the cross-sectional data collection. The study included 3 684 participants, with (31.63±7.69) years old. Among them 2 079(56.43%) were experienced workplace violence, 687(18.65%) were screened positive for depression, and 2 247(60.99%) were experienced high levels of occupational burnout. Correlation analysis showed positive association between workplace violence and depression, workplace violence and occupational burnout, depression and occupational burnout (r=0.135, r=0.107, r=0.335, respectively, all P<0.001). After controlling for covariates, workplace violence had an indirect effect on occupational burnout through depression, with a standardized coefficient of 0.25 (SE=0.02, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.28), accounting for 13.87% of the total effect. The study highlights the close relationship between workplace violence, depression, and occupational burnout among healthcare workers, with depression acting as a mediator between workplace violence and occupational burnout. This study suggests that it is necessary to improve the communication skills of healthcare workers, increase the installation of security systems and emergency plans, use new media platforms to convey positive energy between doctors and patients, and open channels for medical consultation and complaints. It is also necessary to provide guidance for healthcare workers' depressive emotions. Addressing depression among health care workers will help reduce the harm caused by workplace violence, protect the physical and mental health of healthcare workers, and reduce work burnout.