Levels Of Bioethanol Research Articles

Bernoulli Distillation System (BDS) for Bioethanol Sorghum Stalk Purification

Sorghum is a plant that produces syrup, forage and animal feed silage. The utilization of sorghum stalk as fuel oil (bioethanol) is an energy increasingly needed by the depletion of deposits of fossil fuel oil. Thus, tools and methods are needed to produce sorghum stem bioethanol, which has a certain purity level. This study aims to increase the purity of bioethanol from sorghum stems using the Bernoulli Distillation System (BDS) by experimentally testing the purification of sorghum stem bioethanol. In the bioethanol purification stage, heat transfer in the reactor and condenser was analyzed, and the performance of the ejector was analyzed with a vacuum pressure (-55 cmHg), temperature 71°C, test time of 1800, 3600, 5400 and 7200 seconds with a test material of 28% capacity 20 liters. The results of the analysis of the highest conduction heat transfer on the water jacket wall are 14757.72 Joules, the reactor tank is 962.1 Joules, the bottom of the reactor tank is 765.05 Joules and convection in the reactor fluid is 2.09 Joules. The highest heat transfer energy in the condenser is 72683.1 Joules. While the efficiency of the water jet ejector is 65.4%, the highest increase in bioethanol content is 51% in 3600 seconds, as much as 745 ml. The characteristics of the bioethanol obtained included a calorific value test of 1389.48 cal/gram, a viscosity of 1.02044, a flash point of 32.5°C, and a density of 0.934 g/cm3. Thus, the Bernoulli Distillation System’s purification process can increase bioethanol levels effectively and efficiently.

Bioethanol derived from rice straw agricultural waste as alternative energy towards a pollution-free era

Abstract Rice production occupies the first position as raw material for bioethanol production, with a total output throughout Indonesia of 56.63 million tons in 2023 (BPS, 2023). The purpose of this innovation is to create bioethanol derived from new raw materials, namely rice straw, by applying the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) method for the conversion of lignocellulose into alcohol, which will produce bioethanol with a purity level of about 99% with a more efficient process. This method goes through several processes, including breaking the size of the rice straw to 0.1 mm and mixing it with several bacteria for fermentation and hydrolysis. The saccharification process is also carried out until the distillation process to make high levels of bioethanol. Bioethanol from the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) method is tested using an Octane Number Analyzer to determine the octane number content. The test included mixing bioethanol with Pertamax 92 to prove the effect of adding bioethanol to Pertamax, and the result was 93.1. Therefore, the innovation of making bioethanol from rice straw with the SSF method is expected to be a solution for Indonesia towards a pollution-free era.

PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI MAHKOTA BUAH NANAS VARIETAS CAYANE DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SACCHAROMYCES CEREVISIAE

The scarcity of petroleum resources or other fuel sources encourages efforts to find alternative energy, namely Bioethanol. Alternative raw materials that can be utilised in the manufacture of bioethanol from biomass are pineapple crowns. Making Bioethanol from Pineapple Fruit Crown Cayane Variety by Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae Microbes is by varying the weight of yeast and the optimum fermentation time on the level of bioethanol produced. In this study using NaOH 1.5%w to degrade the lignin content in the crown of pineapple varieties cayane and H2SO4 2%v to convert cellulose into glucose. The research used variations in yeast weight of 7.5%; 10%; 12.5%w and variations in fermentation time of 2; 3; 4; 5 days in the fermentation process. While the purification process uses simple distillation with operating conditions 78oC-80oC for 2.5 -4 hours. Bioethanol obtained was tested for refractive index and gask romatography (GC). The test results obtained the optimum weight of yeast is 12.5 grams at 3 days fermentation time with bioethanol content of 6.154%.

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Crude Enzim Bacillus subtilis terhadap Kadar Gula dan Bioetanol Hasil Fermentasi Kulit Singkong Menggunakan Zymomonas mobilis

Bioethanol is an environmentally friendly and renewable alternative fuel. The use of alternative fuels is necessary because petroleum fuels make a major contribution to increasing greenhouse gas concentrations, especially CO2. Bioethanol can be obtained from materials containing carbohydrates such as cassava peel which has a high carbohydrate content, namely 4.55%. The aim of this research was to see the effect of the crude enzyme concentration of Bacillus subtilis on the results of sugar and bioethanol content of cassava peel fermentation with Zymomonas mobilis and to find out the crude enzyme concentration that had the greatest influence. This research is an experimental study with the independent variable, namely the concentration of crude cellulase enzyme B. subtilis with concentrations of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, 15%, and 17.5% , and the dependent variables are sugar content from hydrolysis and bioethanol content from the fermentation process. The data obtained were analyzed using the ANOVA test and Duncan's test. The results of research on the effect of crude Bacillus subtilis cellulase enzyme concentrations of 8 concentrations have an influence on the amount of sugar and bioethanol produced from fermentation of cassava peel with Zymomonas mobilis. Crude Bacillus subtilis cellulase enzyme with a concentration of 17.5% had the greatest influence on sugar and bioethanol levels with a sugar content of 0.37% and a bioethanol content of 1.67%.

Optimization of Bioethanol Production by Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentation From Rind Cocoa Fruit (Theobroma Cacao L)

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L) production in Indonesia based on data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) for 2020 reached 720.66 thousand tons and continues to increase every year. Increasing cocoa production can cause cocoa waste to increase as well. Cocoa waste handling can be overcome by producing bioethanol as a way to reduce the amount of waste produced. This study aims to utilize cellulose compounds from cocoa fruit waste in the production of bioethanol through several stages, namely delignification, enzymatic hydrolysis by cellulase enzymes and the fermentation process with the help of Zymomonas mobilis bacteria. The results showed that the lignin level decreased by 19.5%, the hemicellulose level decreased by 6.87% and the cellulose level increased by 27.45%. Hydrolysis and fermentation stages were analyzed using the response surface method (RSM) to obtain optimum conditions. Cellulose can be optimally hydrolyzed using a pH buffer of 2 and a temperature of 30°C with a glucose concentration of 21,703 mg/mL. The fermentation process can be carried out at optimum conditions using a fermentation medium pH 10 with an incubation time of 168 hours. The bioethanol level was analyzed using a refractometer and gas chromatography (GC) with a yield of 8.43% (v/v).

Article Reviews: Bioethanol Production from Biomass Waste using Fermentation with the Assistance of Yeast

Bioethanol is an ethanol compound made from biomass containing starch, sugar and cellulose. The most common production of bioethanol uses hydrolysis and fermentation methods. The following article aims to compare the levels of bioethanol produced from various types of biomass using various methods. The method used can be in the form of variations in the concentration of acids and bases used in hydrolysis, fermentation time and the mass of yeast used. The results of the review of the article found that the highest levels of bioethanol were obtained from bioethanol made from banana peels by hydrolysis and fermentation methods. The glucose level produced was 3.13% and the bioethanol content obtained was 13.54% with a fermentation time of 144 hours.
 Keywords: Bioethanol, Fermentation, Hydrolysis, Yeast, Glucose

The Optimization of Initial Treatment of Seaweed Ulva reticulata Using CEM Synthesizer Method for Bioethanol Production

Research has been carried out on the optimization of initial treatment and hydrolysis using CEM microwave synthesizer and the production of bioethanol from Ulva reticulata seaweed. Optimization in the initial treatment was carried out by varying the concentration of HCl and H2SO4 (each in 1; 3; 5; and 7%), variations in time (30; 40; 50; and 60 minutes), temperature (100; 150; 200 and 250 °C), and electrical power (100; 150; 200; and 250 W). Fermentation was carried out anaerobically at 10% inoculum concentration and a production time of 6 days. Characterization of reducing sugar using DNS method and characterization of ethanol using GC-FID and HPLC. The results of the initial lignocellulosic analysis obtained the lignin content of 10.03%, cellulose 14.38% and hemicellulose 22.29%. After the initial treatment, the lignin content decreased to 3.86%, while cellulose increased to 24.50% and hemicellulose to 41.57%. The reducing sugar content produced using HCl is 97.10 g/L at optimum temperature 200 °C, for 60 minutes, using 7% concentration of HCl and 200 W of power, while the optimum reducing sugar content using H2SO4 is 76.40 g/L at optimum temperature 200 °C, time for 50 minutes, using 3% concentration of H2SO4 and 200 W of power. Production of bioethanol through fermentation and distillation processes obtained a bioethanol level of 43.89% (GC) or 18.89% (HPLC) for optimum conditions using H2SO4, whereas for optimum conditions using HCl, the bioethanol level is 44.29% (GC) or 18.09% (HPLC).

Effect of Hydrolysis and Amount of Yeast on Banana Peel Fermentation into Bioethanol

Recently, renewable energy sources are needed to meet human energy needs, one of which is bioethanol. Bioethanol can be made from banana peels. Banana peel contains starch which has the potential to be converted into bioethanol through fermentation. There are factors that affect fermentation including the number of microorganisms and glucose levels. One method to increase glucose levels is hydrolysis. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of hydrolysis and the amount of yeast on bioethanol levels in banana peel fermentation. The research variables used were hydrolyzed and non-hydrolyzed banana peel substrates, as well as variations in the amount of yeast as much as 3 grams; 4.5 grams; and 6 grams. From this research, it was found that hydrolysis causes an increase in glucose levels in the substrate due to the conversion of starch to glucose. Increased glucose levels can affect the yield of bioethanol. The bioethanol content of the hydrolyzed substrate fermentation is 9%-9.5% greater than the bioethanol content of the non-hydrolyzed substrate fermentation of 3%-3.5%. The difference in the amount of yeast used in banana peel fermentation has an effect on the bioethanol content but not significantly enough because the amount of yeast will depend on the glucose content in the substrate.

Synergistic Effects of Torrefaction and Alkaline Pretreatment on Sugar and Bioethanol Production from Wood Waste

Abundant availability of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) coupled with diverse pretreatment methods have made it a promising option for energy production. However, it faces several challenges, some of which can be overcome by integrating pretreatment processes. The present study aims to optimize the integration of two different pretreatment methods—torrefaction (to reduce moisture content and fractionate biomass) and alkaline pretreatment of wood waste (to delignify biomass)—and utilize it for bioethanol production. Pretreatment performance was evaluated based on delignification, biomass hydrolysis, and bioethanol production. Initially, torrefaction was performed in a continuous reactor at a temperature range of 225–300 °C, followed by optimization of the critical parameters of alkaline pretreatment of torrefied wood waste (TWW), that is, the temperature, reaction time, solid–liquid ratio, and alkali concentration. Subsequently, the chemical and carbohydrate compositions of raw wood waste (RWW) and TWW were studied, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis and bioethanol fermentation. Integrated pretreatment positively impacted the cellulose and glucose contents of raw and torrefied biomass at lower temperatures. The enzymatic hydrolysis of TWW treated with alkali produced higher levels of glucose and bioethanol than (stand-alone) TWW. These results can be used as a basis for choosing the most suitable pretreatment for enhanced biomass conversion.

Bioethanol Production from Tobacco Sticks Waste Using Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) Processes

The abundance of tobacco stem waste causes environmental problems such as soil and air pollution due to the high levels of nicotine contained in tobacco stems. Therefore, it is necessary to utilize tobacco stem waste to reduce environmental pollution. One way is to use it as a raw material for making bioethanol. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of fermentation time and cellulase enzyme volume on the level of bioethanol produced. This research uses the process Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) where in this process hydrolysis and fermentation are carried out in one reactor. Process Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation (SSF) was carried out with variations in fermentation time for 24 hours, 48 ​​hours, 72 hours, 96 hours, and 120 hours and variations of cellulase enzymes as much as 6 ml, 7 ml, 8 ml, 9 ml, and 10 ml. The fermented product was tested for density and ethanol content. From the research results, the best bioethanol content was obtained during fermentation for 72 hours with the addition of 10 ml of cellulase enzyme volume which resulted in a bioethanol density of 0.99569 gr/ml and an ethanol content of 18%.

Potensi limbah kulit dan biji rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L) sebagai bioetanol

In view of information on rambutan creation which is expanding, the misuse of rambutan strips and seeds is likewise expanding. Remembering that rambutan strips and seeds contain a few mixtures that can be utilized as elective unrefined components in the production of bioethanol. This study aims to determine the effect of variations in the addition of yeast on the yield and content of bioethanol, and also to determine the maximum mass of the addition of yeast to acquire the biggest yield and ethanol content. This research went through 5 stages, first stage is the readiness of the skin and seeds of rambutan, second stage is α-cellulose detachment, third step is hydrolysis with 1% HCl to create glucose which will be analyzed using Benedict's reagent and the Luff-Schoorl method. Qualitative analysis showed positive results and glucose levels obtained were 22.39% with a glucose yield of 1.50%. The fourth stage is glucose fermentation by using five days with variations in yeast weight of 5, 6 and 7 grams. The fifth step is to separate the resulting bioethanol by distillation and determine alcohol content using an alcohol refractometer. Yield bioethanol obtained by varying the weight of yeast 5, 6, and 7 grams respectively was 1.05%, 1.18%, and 1.67% with the levels of bioethanol obtained 1.95%, 2.15%, and 3.00%. The highest yield and content of bioethanol were obtained by adding 7 grams of yeast. The yield obtained on this bioethanol is 1.67% and the bioethanol content is 3.00%.
 Keywords: bioethanol, cellulose, fermentation, hydrolysis, rambutan peels.

Fabrication of Bioethanol via Fermentation from Cellulose of Kepok Banana (Musa Paradisiaca L.) Using Bread's Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)

Bioethanol has been made by fermentation of the cellulose of Kepok banana stems, where this study went through 3 stages. First-stage isolation of cellulose from Kepok banana prevents using HNO3 and NaNO2, removal of swelling with NaOH and Na2SO3, and bleaching process (bleaching) using NaOCl and H2O2, then functional group analysis was performed with FT-IR. The second stage of cellulose obtained was hydrolysed with 1% HCl for 120 minutes of hydrolysis time. The resulting glucose was analysed by Benedict's reagent and the Luff-Schrool method. The third stage of glucose solution results from fermented hydrolysis using bread yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) with variations in the weight of yeast 5, 6, and 7 grams, and the duration of fermentation is five days. Bioethanol obtained was tested qualitatively using K2CrO7 and H2SO4 reagents and bioethanol characterisation using GC. The study results obtained 10.18% glucose levels, and the highest levels of bioethanol were obtained at 11.27% with 88.53% purity using 7 g of yeast.

Effect of Time, pH, and Yeast Concentration on Bioethanol Levels in the Ulva sp. Fermentation Process

Bioethanol is a form of renewable energy that is used to reduce dependence on the use of fossil fuels which cause various negative impacts on the environment. Ulva sp. contains high carbohydrates so it has the potential as a raw material for bioethanol production. This study aims to determine the optimum conditions of the fermentation process with the variables used time, pH, and yeast concentration. This study used the results of hydrolysis of Ulva sp. with optimum operating conditions of 0.1 N HCl concentration, 80 mesh particle size, and 450 watt microwave power. Measurement of bioethanol levels was carried out using an alcoholmeter. The results showed that the optimal conditions for fermentation were 7 days of fermentation, pH 5.5, and yeast concentration of 1.5% which resulted in a bioethanol content of 7.55%.

Pengaruh Konsentrasi Crude Enzim Bacillus subtilis IFO 13719 terhadap Kadar Gula dan Etanol Fermentasi Kulit Coffea arabica Menggunakan Zymomonas mobilis IFO 13756

Fossil energy is part of the needs of people in any country, including Indonesia. The need for fossil energy is increasing day by day. Therefore, efforts were made to find alternative raw materials from the non-food sector for the manufacture of ethanol. Cellulose material has potential as an alternative raw material for the manufacture of ethanol. One of the wastes that can be used is Arabica coffee skin. This study aims to determine the effect of the concentration of crude cellulase enzyme on sugar and ethanol content of fermented Arabica coffee husk using Zymomonas mobilis and to determine the concentration of crude cellulase enzyme which produces the highest sugar and ethanol content of fermented Arabica coffee husk using Zymomonas mobilis. This research is an experimental study with the independent variables, namely the concentration of crude cellulase enzymes, namely 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, 15%, and 17.5% (V/V), and the dependent variable is the sugar content of hydrolysis with crude cellulase enzyme and the ethanol content of fermented with Zymomonas mobilis. The results of the experimental research were analyzed using regression test, ANOVA, and Duncan's test. The addition of crude cellulase enzyme Bacillus subtilis influence the increase in sugar and bioethanol content of fermented Arabica coffee husks using Zymomonas mobilis. The highest sugar content in the P6 treatment (concentration of crude cellulase enzyme Bacillus subtilis 15%) was 0.93 g/mL. The highest levels of bioethanol in treatment P4 (crude cellulase enzyme Bacillus subtilis concentration 10%) was 4.46%.

Produksi Bioetanol Limbah Nasi Aking Fermentasi Menggunakan Zymomonas mobilis dengan Perlakuan Konsentrasi Crude Enzim Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Bioethanol fuel has the advantage of being more environmentally friendly than petroleum. Bioethanol is made from organic materials containing glucose. Baking rice contains 83.19% (w/w) carbohydrates and 29.70% (w/w) amylose which can be converted into bioethanol through hydrolysis and fermentation stages. This type of research is an experimental research, the initial stage carried out is the hydrolysis stage to obtain reducing sugars using crude Bacillus amyloliquefaciens enzymes with concentrations of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10%, 12.5%, 15 %, and 17.5% for 6 days. The next step is the fermentation stage to convert reducing sugar into ethanol using Zymomonas mobilis at a concentration of 10% for 4 days. And the final result is the distillation stage and the calculation of bioethanol levels using an alcohol meter. During the hydrolysis and fermentation processes, the sugar content was measured using the DNS (Dinitrosalicylic acid) method and the highest average sugar content was obtained at 10% Bacillus amyloliquefaciens concentration, namely 1.417 g/mL. The highest bioethanol content obtained was 3.03% at 10% Bacillus amyloliquefaciens concentration and the lowest bioethanol content was 0.61% at 0% Bacillus amyloliquefaciens concentration.

PENGARUH pH DAN PUTARAN PENGADUKAN PADA FERMENTASI MOLASE TERHADAP HASIL AKHIR PRODUKSI BIOETANOL

Until now, oil and gas are the main energy sources in the world. Indonesia is a country with high energy utilization. Energy sources in Indonesia still come from fossil fuels. Burning fossil fuels, such as oil and gas, can cause the greenhouse effect. Therefore we need an alternative energy (biofuel) that is not harmful to the ecosystem. One example of biofuel is bioethanol. 
 This study used 2 variations, namely stirring rotation (800, 1000 and 1200 rpm) and fermentation pH (4, 4.5 and 5). So from the two variations, 9 kinds of treatment were obtained with 3 repetitions so that the total sample was 27. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of stirring rotation (rpm) and pH of fermentation on the final yield of bioethanol production. The production of bioethanol is carried out by a fermentation process for 48 hours, then distilled to obtain bioethanol. 
 The results of this study indicate that the variation of fermentation pH is the most dominant factor on the level of bioethanol produced, while for the volume of bioethanol produced the most dominant factor is the stirring rotation. The treatment that produced the highest volume of bioethanol was a stirring rotation of 1000 rpm and a fermentation pH of 4 with an average volume of 1234.3 mL and the highest alcohol content was obtained at a stirring rotation of 1000 Rpm and a fermentation pH of 5 with an average value of 81.3%.

PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI NIRA AREN SEBAGAI ENERGI ALTERNATIF

This research carried out the manufacture of bioethanol by utilizing palm sap as an alternative energy. Bioethanol is ethanol that can be produced through the fermentation of glucose, to produce bioethanol which is then carried out by distillation. Bioethanol is also a biofuel and one of its uses as an environmentally friendly alternative fuel. The goal to be achieved in this study is to produce bioethanol with the influence of the length of time of heating and the temperature of heating palm sap water in the distillation apparatus on the levels of bioethanol produced. The raw material for the production of bioethanol was palm juice with natural fermentation for three days, then heated in a distillation apparatus with a heating temperature of 84-86oC, 87-89oC and 90-92oC. and the standard measuring instrument used to measure bioethanol levels is an alcohol meter. The results of the research conducted, it can be seen that the effect of the length of time and temperature of heating palm sap in the distillation apparatus produces a volume of bioethanol of: 84-86oC = 256 ml, 87-89oC = 330 ml, 90-92oC = 383 ml, this can be seen also that the higher the heating temperature of the palm sap in the distillation apparatus resulted in a decrease in the bioethanol content, namely: 84-86oC = 83.8 %, 87-89oC = 80.8 %, 90-92oC = 77.6%. So to get a good bioethanol content, namely at a heating temperature of 84-86oC, produce bioethanol quality of 83.8%.

The potency of Mentega Cassava (Manihot esculenta) Variety Peels Waste as Raw Material for Bioethanol by Enzymatic Hydrolisis

Mentega cassava skin waste can be used as an energy source in the form of bioethanol. Ethanol (C2H5OH) is the result of conversion from sugar fermentation using the help of microorganisms. This study aims to determine the levels of bioethanol produced from butter cassava peels obtained from Ibun district, Bandung regency through enzymatic treatment. The research procedure started from pre-treatment of cassava peel waste as a substrate, enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. Enzymatic hydrolysis used Trichoderma viride isolates with 3 inoculum concentrations of 10%, 15% and 20%. Meanwhile, the fermentation process uses Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolates. The highest reducing sugar of 21.28 mg/L was produced by hydrolysis treatment for 60 hours and an inoculum concentration of 10%. The highest bioethanol content was 4.9 mg/L with a fermentation time of 96 hours.

Effect of Pretreatment and Composition of Trichoderma Viride and Zymomonas Mobilis Consortium on Bioethanol Production from Leaf Litter

Bioethanol is an alternative biofuel that is widely produced in bulk to replace and complement petroleum-based fuels. Bioethanol is produced through the alcoholic fermentation of sucrose or simple sugars. One of the potential source for bioethanol production that has not been studied is leaf litter. Various studies have shown that T. viride and Z. mobilis can be used for bioethanol production, but there has been no report on the production of bioethanol from leaf litter using a consortium of T. viride and Z. mobilis using the SSF method. This study aims to examine the effect of pretreatment and composition of the consortium of T. viride and Z. mobilis on the production of bioethanol from leaf litter. Leaf litter was dried and mashed, then pretreatment was carried out with 32% NH3 solution. The bioethanol production process using the SSF method uses a consortium of T. viride and Z. mobilis with a composition of 5%: 5%, 10%: 5%, 5%: 10% and 10%: 10% (w/v). SSF was carried out for 72 hours at a temperature of 35oC and pH 5. The bioethanol was purified by distillation and the ethanol content was tested with GCMS. Higher levels of bioethanol were found in leaf litter with pretreatment than without pretreatment. The highest ethanol content (0.6721%) was obtained from SSF with consortium composition of T. viride : Z. mobilis (10% : 10%) from leaf litter with pretreatment. Pretreatment and composition of the consortium T. viride and Z. mobilis affect the production of bioethanol from leaf litter.

The effect of adding NaOH and fermentation time on Robusta coffee husk (Coffea canephora) bioethanol production with SSF (Simultaneous Sachraffication and Fermentation) method

Robusta coffee husk is one of the largest agricultural wastes and contains lignocellulose as a raw material for bioethanol production. Lignin in Robusta coffee husk can interfere with the enzymatic hydrolysis process, so a delignification process using NaOH solution is needed to remove it. This research aimed to determine the effect of adding NaOH and fermentation time on the bioethanol production from Robusta coffee husks using the SSF (Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation) method. Removal of lignin using NaOH with various concentrations of 6, 8, and 10% and fermentation time for 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 hours. The cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin contents in the delignification results were tested using the Chesson method. The saccharification and fermentation steps used cellulase enzymes and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Bioethanol levels were analyzed using GCMS. The results showed that the optimal concentration of NaOH to remove lignin was 10% which generated 17.40% lignin content, 20.81% cellulose, and 3.79% hemicellulose. The highest bioethanol content was 100% obtained with a fermentation time of 72 hours. The data showed that adding of NaOH and fermentation time affected bioethanol production.