Leucobryum Glaucum Research Articles

Multiclavula mucida (Basidiomycota) and other cryptogamic taxa in the Hungarian flora

The paper deals with the species found during cryptogamic flora mapping in 2023 that are remarkable from a floristic, taxonomic or conservational point of view. We present data from the Bükk Mts of two Trapeliopsis species which appear to be rare in Hungary. Multiclavula mucida, which is ap­parently a rare basidiomycete lichen species in Europe that prefers humid, montane habitats was dis­covered in the Mecsek Mts as a new species for the Hungarian flora. Of the knothole moss, Anacampto­don splachnoides, which is now thought to be entomophilic, we communicate the only extant popula­tion from Southern Transdanubia. We report the first occurrence of the atlantic-mediterranean Lepto­don smithii from the Hungarian side of the Great Hungarian Plain. Numerous data of the corticole Neck­era pennata indicate that in Hungary the distributional centre of this species is situated in the county of Baranya in the lowlands. New data from the Bükk Mts underline that in the Pannonian region Buxbaumia viridis is primarily a terricole species of acidophilous beech forests. We communicate the first occurrence from the lowlands of the alien lignicolous Sematophyllum adnatum which is danger­ous­ly spreading in Europe, at the same time one of the most vigorous populations in the Pannonian region. The third Hungarian occurrence of Callicladium haldanianum, a species that seems to spread in bogs, as well as the second occurrence of Racomitrium lanuginosum, growing abundantly on an ande­site boulder scree in Mátra Mts, are also reported here. Of Phegopteris connectilis we present in photo­graphic docu­mentation the first extant population from Southern Transdanubia, and we discuss whether the first publication from Mecsek Mts is correct or exact. In addition to listing the floristic data, we also briefly discuss the (mis)use of distribution data in the context of climate change, the difficulties of distinguish­ing the microtaxa of some pteridophytes, e.g. Asplenium adiantum-nigrum agg. and Dryop­teris affinis agg., and we correct one of our previously published, erroneous Hedwigia stellata data. Some interest­ing data of other taxa (such as Leucobryum glaucum, Palustriella commutata, Tetraphis pellucida, Gym­nocarpium robertianum, Ophioglossum vulgatum) are also mentioned in the paper.

Multiclavula mucida (Basidiomycota) and other cryptogamic taxa in the Hungarian flora

The paper deals with the species found during cryptogamic flora mapping in 2023 that are remarkable from a floristic, taxonomic or conservational point of view. We present data from the Bükk Mts of two Trapeliopsis species which appear to be rare in Hungary. Multiclavula mucida, which is ap­parently a rare basidiomycete lichen species in Europe that prefers humid, montane habitats was dis­covered in the Mecsek Mts as a new species for the Hungarian flora. Of the knothole moss, Anacampto­don splachnoides, which is now thought to be entomophilic, we communicate the only extant popula­tion from Southern Transdanubia. We report the first occurrence of the atlantic-mediterranean Lepto­don smithii from the Hungarian side of the Great Hungarian Plain. Numerous data of the corticole Neck­era pennata indicate that in Hungary the distributional centre of this species is situated in the county of Baranya in the lowlands. New data from the Bükk Mts underline that in the Pannonian region Buxbaumia viridis is primarily a terricole species of acidophilous beech forests. We communicate the first occurrence from the lowlands of the alien lignicolous Sematophyllum adnatum which is danger­ous­ly spreading in Europe, at the same time one of the most vigorous populations in the Pannonian region. The third Hungarian occurrence of Callicladium haldanianum, a species that seems to spread in bogs, as well as the second occurrence of Racomitrium lanuginosum, growing abundantly on an ande­site boulder scree in Mátra Mts, are also reported here. Of Phegopteris connectilis we present in photo­graphic docu­mentation the first extant population from Southern Transdanubia, and we discuss whether the first publication from Mecsek Mts is correct or exact. In addition to listing the floristic data, we also briefly discuss the (mis)use of distribution data in the context of climate change, the difficulties of distinguish­ing the microtaxa of some pteridophytes, e.g. Asplenium adiantum-nigrum agg. and Dryop­teris affinis agg., and we correct one of our previously published, erroneous Hedwigia stellata data. Some interest­ing data of other taxa (such as Leucobryum glaucum, Palustriella commutata, Tetraphis pellucida, Gym­nocarpium robertianum, Ophioglossum vulgatum) are also mentioned in the paper.

Combined Use of TiO2 Nanoparticles and Biochar Produced from Moss (Leucobryum glaucum (Hedw.) Ångstr.) Biomass for Chinese Spinach (Amaranthus dubius L.) Cultivation under Saline Stress

Salinity-induced soil degradation poses a significant challenge to agricultural productivity and requires innovative crop-management strategies. In this study, the synergistic effect of biochar and TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) obtained from moss (Leucobryum glaucum (Hedw.) Ångstr.) biomass on the growth, yield, biochemical, and enzymatic response of Chinese spinach (Amaranthus dubius L.) grown under salinity stress was investigated. Purposely, A. dubius was grown under different combinations of arable soil, biochar, TiO2 NPs, and saline soils. The produced biochar and TiO2 NPs were characterized using microscopy image analysis, X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), zeta potential, particle size distribution, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that saline stress caused a significant (p < 0.05) decline in growth, yield, and biochemical constituents of A. dubius compared to control treatments. However, the combined application of biochar and TiO2 NPs significantly (p < 0.05) alleviated the saline stress and resulted in optimum fresh weight (30.81 g/plant), dry weight (4.90 g/plant), shoot and root length (28.64 and 12.54 cm), lead number (17.50), leaf area (12.50 cm2/plant), chlorophyll (2.36 mg/g), carotenoids (2.85 mg/g), and relative water content (82.10%). Biochar and TiO2-NP application helped to reduce the levels of stress enzymes such as catalase (2.93 µmol/min/mg P), superoxide dismutase (SOD: 2.47 EU/g P), peroxidase (POD: 40.03 EU/min/g P), and ascorbate peroxidase (3.10 mM/mg P) in saline soil. The findings of this study suggest that the combination of nanotechnology and biochar derived from unconventional biomass can be a viable option to mitigate salinity-related challenges and enhance crop yield.

A molecular and morphological study of Leucobryum in Britain and Europe: the presence of L. albidum (P.Beauv.) Lindb. confirmed

ABSTRACT Introduction. Initial morphometric investigations into the differences between Leucobryum glaucum (Hedw.) Ångstr. and L. juniperoideum (Brid.) Müll.Hal. in Britain showed that some populations could not be clearly assigned to either species. An intensive morphological and molecular study was therefore undertaken to understand the diagnostic characters of the European species of the genus, including L. albidum (Brid. ex P.Beauv.) Lindb., whose reported presence in Europe was surrounded by uncertainty. There has been little agreement among previous authors on the relative taxonomic importance of the different morphological characters, or on their metrics. Methods. Molecular sequencing using nuclear and chloroplast markers, in conjunction with previously accessioned data, allowed judgement of the taxonomic importance of various methods for morphological discrimination. These methods included both existing published techniques and newly discovered diagnostic characters. This integrated process was cyclical, the morphological analysis being directed and confirmed by the sequencing of selected specimens. Results and discussion. Data are presented demonstrating the correlation between molecular identification and certain morphological characters in the three European species of Leucobryum. Leucobryum albidum is confirmed as a locally frequent member of the British flora and it is also shown to be present in Ireland and western part of continental Europe. Leucocyst pore morphology is described and its value as a diagnostic character is discussed. An identification key is provided for the three species. Plants from two sites are shown to have a discordance between nuclear and plastid molecular markers and we consider the possibility that horizontal gene transfer could explain the observed patterns.

Moss as Bio-indicator for Air Quality Monitoring at Different Air Quality Environment

Air quality monitoring by using bio-indicator currently being promoted and frequently used in studies due to their advantages compared to other scientific approaches. The advantages of using bio-indicator as a bio-monitoring in air quality are, it remains the cheapest, most available and simplest matrix for reliable atmospheric monitoring. This study was conducted to determine moss ability to be used as a bio-indicator for air quality monitoring when expose to different air quality environments. Four environmental conditions were chosen to conduct this study; urban area, reserve forest, living room and smoker’s room. Leucobryum glaucum or Holland moss is used as the bio-indicator to monitor the air quality. Gridded containers of moss were left at each study location for the duration of two weeks. Physical observation was monitored weekly by examining colour changes of the moss. Survivability rate of the moss was determined by counting the numbers of grid where moss growth in each container. The data was recorded through physical observation of moss responses and survivability rate towards different air quality environment. The data was analyzed by using SPSS. Moss reacted accordingly towards different air quality environments. Moss reacts mostly at highly polluted environment, in smoker’s room by changing from fresh green to brownish in color. In conclusion, moss can be used as a bio-indicator in air quality monitoring to determine air quality condition because moss changes its physical appearance and growth rate by the influenced of surrounding environment.

Leucobryum glaucum (Leucobryaceae)'un Uçucu Yağının Kimyasal Bileşimi ve Antimikrobiyal Özellikleri

In this study, a detailed study of the essential oil from Leucobryum glaucum (Hedw.) Angstr. was evaluated by gas chromatography/flame ionization detector (GC/FID) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) methods as well as screened for antibacterial activities of the essential oil and solvent extracts (n-hexane and methanol). According to the results, a total of 47 compounds were detected, among which thujopsadiene (35.5%) and β-curcumene (25.4%) were the main components. In the second part of this study, the essential oil and solvent extracts were tested for its antimicrobial activity against 9 microorganisms with minimal-inhibitory-concentration (MIC) values in the range 61-4235 µg / mL.

High-resolution patterns of palaeoenvironmental changes during the Little Ice Age and the Medieval Climate Anomaly in the northwestern Iberian Peninsula

A high resolution core (9.7 ​yr ​cm−1) from the Chao de Veiga Mol raised bog (NW Iberian Peninsula) was analyzed to identify plant macrofossils, estimate peat humification and calculate hydroclimatic indices based on current bog species, with the overall aim of determining the climate conditions associated with evolution of the bog during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and the Little Ice Age. These proxies, together with historical and climate data, proved to be good indicators of the changes in bog surface wetness. Analysisof the core led to identification of 9 different periods: two corresponding to the so-called Medieval Climate Anomaly (930 to 1345 AD, 1075–665 calibrated years before present [cal. yr BP]); four corresponding to the Little Ice Age (1345 to 1905 AD; 665–105 ​cal ​yr BP); and three corresponding to the last century (1905 to 2000 AD). The findings revealed a generally dry climate that lasted until the 14th century, followed by a transition to a long period with a more humid, but characteristically very variable climate, which ended at the beginning of the 20th century and was followed by a rapid transition to more humid conditions and finally, a change to drier conditions.The Medieval Climate Anomaly was indicated by the abundance of dry-adapted mosses (Leucobryum glaucum, Hypnum cupressiforme) and characterized by warm dry conditions and high levels of peat humification, with alternating wet phases. The LIA period was dated by a large abundance of Sphagnum species (an indicator of wetness) and a gradual increase in the humification index. However, four different climate phases were differentiated in this period.High-resolution reconstruction of the evolution of the CVM bog and the multiproxy approach have together enabled a more detailed identification of climatic variations in this area, which are generally consistent with the global models, as well as better definition of the elusive climatic oscillations in the last millennium and confirmation of the importance of local modulation of global models.The study provides new information and a detailed chronology of climatic events that will help to refine local modulation of the climate evolution model in the still quite unexplored region of the NW Iberian Peninsula, a key area for understanding the paleoclimatic dynamics in SW Europe.

Fitocenološke i edafske karakteristike acidofilne šume bukve sa mahovinama (Musco - Fagetum moesiacae B. Jov. 1976) na Jelovoj gori

The aim of this research to show floristic and ecological characteristics of acidophilus beach forest with mosses (Musco - Fagetum moesiacae B. Jov. 1976) in the area of Jelova gora. The studied type of soil in this forest community was dystric cambisol, which finds on sericite schist. Only ten plant species was recorded in this plant community (eight vascular plants and two species of mosses - Polytrichum commune and Leucobryum glaucum), so we can conclude that this plant community is very floristic poor. On bases floristic structure, spectrum of life forms and ekological spectrum are done. The phanerophytes have the highest share in community. The results of the study showed that investigated forest community was mesophilic, acidophilic to neutrofilic, mesotrophic, sciophilic to sub-sciophilic and mesothermophilic.

Moss as Bio indicator for Air Quality Monitoring

Air quality monitoring nowadays has become a vital role to assess air quality level, to ensure the health of community are not affected with poor air quality. However, approaches for air quality monitoring either via physical or chemical assessment has built up some constraints. Time consuming, inaccuracy of data due to high maintenance of monitoring devices and only require competent person that able to conduct the monitoring. Therefore, the demand of using bio-indicator, such as moss, for air quality monitoring has risen due to multiple advantages. In this study, moss response and survivability rate towards acidic condition has been physically observed. The color changed and moss grid area were the parameters used to observe moss after acidic treatment. The moss, Leucobryum glaucum, was treated with artificial acid rain at three different pH; pH 3, 4 and 5. The moss was treated with 25 ml of artificial acid rain, once in two days for the duration of over 10 weeks; from week 4 until week 14 during the study period. The result showed that the moss mostly reacted towards lower pH of acid rain, at pH 3. The survivability rate of moss was decreasing when treated with pH 5 to pH 3. The physical observation which is determined by the area covered by moss (per square meter), showed that most of the area that covered by moss are affected at pH 3. The fresh green color that were observed before the artificial acid rain treatment has changed to yellowish color towards the 10 week of treatment. This study suggested that moss could be used by communities as a simple bio-indicator, to monitor air quality, especially for determination of acidic condition in certain area due to any surrounding factors.

Two new wet woodlands with Norway spruce from the Western Carpathians

Two new associations of wet woodlands with Picea abies from the Western Carpathians are described. Stands of the first unit, Leucobryo glauci-Piceetum abietis, are located on dryer margins of mires, on plains where water from snow melting and rains remains considerable long above the soil surface. The most characteristic sign of the species-poor flora of this forest plant community is the dominance of moss Leucobryum glaucum accompanied by constant presence of Sphagnum spp. Two subassociations are distinguished in respect of the ecological differences. The second described plant community, association Stellario nemorum-Abietetum albae, occupies quite different habitat of spring areas and other more wet localities. Abies alba plays an important role in the canopy, field layer is characterised by constant presence of Stellaria nemorum, Equisetum sylvaticum, Oxalis acetosella, Senecio ovatus, Chaerophyllum hirsutum, Lysimachia nemorum and other species. Three subassociations and five variants are distinguished.

A belső-somogyi homokvidék égerlápjainak cönológiai vizsgálata (Carici elongatae-Alnetum glutinosae W. Koch 1926)

The studied alder swamps are situated in SW Hungary on aeolian sand. Its canopy is dominated by Alnus glutinosa. Statistics of flora elements, life forms, phytosociological characters and social behaviour types are given. The surveyed stands are characterised by following specialists: Carex elongata, Hottonia palustris, Thelypteris palustris, Dryopteris carthusiana, D. dilatata, D. cristata, Urtica kioviensis, Ludwigia palustris, Leucobryum glaucum, Sphagnum palustre.

Toxicity of graphene oxide to white moss Leucobryum glaucum

Graphene oxide was toxic to white moss Leucobryum glaucum.

On influences of cultivated media and nutrient concentrations on growth of leucobryum glaucum

On influences of cultivated media and nutrient concentrations on growth of leucobryum glaucum

Tenacity of Bryophytes and Lichens on Sandstone Cliffs in West Virginia and Relevance to Recreational Climbing Impacts

Abstract. Climbing and bouldering are popular recreational activities in West Virginia, especially on the Pottsville conglomerate caprock at Coopers Rock and at the New River Gorge National River. We propose using a simple force-meter to measure the tenacity (adherence) of bryophytes and lichens to help us understand which bryophytes and lichens are more vulnerable to removal by climbing route preparation (rock “cleaning”) or accidental dislodging. In this preliminary study we found that lantern moss (Andreaea rothiii) is held relatively tightly, probably benefitting more weakly attached species such as the liverwort Diplophyllum apiculatum, which commonly grow epiphytically on A. rothii. Leucobryum glaucum was very weakly attached, although it is very common on bouldering and climbing sites. The umbilicate lichens Umbilicaria mammulata (smooth rock tripe) and Lasallia papulosa (common toadskin) were more tenacious than lantern moss and hosted various epiphytic and epizoic species. However, the loss of ex...

Leucobryum glaucum (Hedw.) Ångstre. found in eastern part of Hokkaido, Japan

Leucobryum glaucum (Hedw.) Ångstre. found in eastern part of Hokkaido, Japan

Sorption of Cadmium and Zinc in Selected Species of Epigeic Mosses

The sorption abilities of seven moss species growing on the area of Bory Stobrawskie forest (southern Poland) were tested in laboratory. Sorption was carried out in solutions of Zn and Cd chlorides. It has been shown that the sorption properties depend on the moss species and increases in the series as follows: Polytrichum commune < Leucobryum glaucum < Eurhynchium praelongum < Thuidium tamtariscifolium ≤ Dicranum scoparium ≤ Pleurozium schreberi < Sphagnum sp. With help of microscope images, it was also demonstrated that one of the factors affecting the sorption properties of mosses was the level of their surface development. The determined sorption capacity of Zn varies according to species of mosses from 0.0491 to 0.1287 mmol g−1, and in relation to Cd from 0.0319 to 0.1335 mmol g−1. The described results may be important in the process of biomonitoring research design and in the test results interpretation.

Leucobryum glaucum (Hedw.) Angstr. found in Mts. Yatsuga-take, Nagano Prefecture, Japan(Threatened Bryophytes in Japan)

Leucobryum glaucum (Hedw.) Angstr. found in Mts. Yatsuga-take, Nagano Prefecture, Japan(Threatened Bryophytes in Japan)

Mszaki rezerwatu „Jamno”

The 39 bryophytes species – seven liverworts and 32 mosses belonged to 21 families have been noted in “Jamno” nature reserve in 2011. “Hypnaceae, Brachytheciaceae” and “Dicranaceae” are families represented by the highest number of species (see table 1). Bryophytes grow on various type of habitat: epigeic – mineral soil, humus and litter, epiphytic – bark of trees, epixylic – tree stumps and epilithic – stones. The highest number of mosses was found on bark of silver firs Abies alba, pedunculate oaks “Quercus robur”, silver birches “Betula pendula” and Scots pines “Pinus sylvestris”. Five valuable protected species “Dicranum scoparium”, “Leucobryum glaucum”, “Pleurozium schreberi”, “Pseudoscleropodium purum” and “Thuidium tamariscinum” were noted in this small forest reserve. The occurrence of one mountain species “Hypnum pallescens” is also interesting and noteworthy.

Bryophytes as food: comparative consumption and utilization of mosses by a generalist insect herbivore

AbstractCompared with angiosperms, bryophytes are seldom fed upon by insects, despite being commonly used for shelter. Bryophytes are assumed to be unpalatable, and three classes of mechanisms have been suggested as possible barriers to bryophagy: chemical defenses, low digestibility, and low nutrient content. However, very few studies have tested these hypotheses. The present study examines pre‐ and post‐ingestive defenses of mosses. The acceptability and quality of four species of moss –Bryum argenteum Hedw. (Bryales: Bryaceae), Climacium americanum Brid. (Leucodontales: Climaciaceae), Leucobryum glaucum (Hedw.) (Dicranales: Leucobryaceae), and Sphagnum warnstorfii Russ. (Sphagnales: Sphagnaceae) – were compared with two control diets using the generalist caterpillar, Trichoplusia ni Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Plusiinae). In no‐choice trials, caterpillars consumed much less of any of the mosses than lettuce or wheat germ. The only moss consumed in sufficient quantities to evaluate post‐ingestive responses was C. americanum. Digestibility, assimilation, and overall utilization efficiency of C. americanum did not differ from that of lettuce, although C. americanum and lettuce were both less digestible than artificial diet. Choice assays using leaf discs showed that ethanol extract of L. glaucum, the least consumed moss, was deterrent, implying that chemical defenses play a major role in deterring feeding on L. glaucum. This study suggested that pre‐ingestive mechanisms are more important than post‐ingestive mechanisms in discouraging herbivory on mosses, and offered evidence that mosses are not simply nutrient poor.

Patterns of Molecular and Morphological Variation in Leucobryum albidum, L. glaucum, and L. juniperoideum (Bryopsida)

Abstract Restriction digest patterns from 18S–26S nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS) were employed to investigate delineation between the morphologically similar moss species Leucobryum glaucum, L. juniperoideum, and L. albidum. Discriminant analysis allowed assignment of specimens to haplotypes based on their morphological features and supported the recognition of L. glaucum and L. albidum. In contrast, L. albidum and L. juniperoideum both corresponded to the same haplotype. Many populations could be readily assigned to either L. glaucum or L. albidum by their morphological features. However, morphological variation between these two species was continuous and one of the ITS haplotypes could not be unambiguously characterized by its morphology. Genetically and morphologically identifiable specimens of L. albidum were sampled in Europe and North America, in contrast to the traditional interpretation of L. albidum as a North American endemic. Although L. albidum seems to have a more s...