Lesson Hours Research Articles

Conceptualizing Mathematics Student Teachers' Approaches towards Responding to Availability of Tools and Resources in the Context of Knowledge Quartet

The purpose of this study is to conceptualize the approaches of secondary mathematics student teachers towards contingencies encountered during the teaching process within the context of responding to availability of tools and resources. In order to achieve the goal of the study based on the grounded theory, the nine secondary mathematics student teachers’ lessons were observed, and recorded using a video camera, and semi-structured interviews were performed. The data collection process ended after 54 lesson hours of observation, that is, when code saturation was reached. As a result, four sub-codes in the context of responding to availability of tools and resources were identified within the approaches of participants in relation to contingent moments. It is thought that conceptualizing the approaches of participants towards unplanned situations encountered during lessons in real class environment would prove to be beneficial in teacher training.

So Easy to Write a Story With a Mind Map: An Experimental Study

This study aimed to determine the effect of mind mapping on story writing skills of the students. A pre-test, a post-test, and a semi-experimental research design were used in this study. The study group consisted of a total of 86 third-grade students; 33 students from the experimental group, 23 students from the control 1 group, and 30 students from the control 2 groups. Stories were written by the students in the experimental group by using the mind map method during 18 lesson hours. In the control 1 group, story topics were given to the students, and they were asked to write stories about them as homework during one lesson hour for 9 weeks. In the control 2 group, the researcher did not intervene in their lessons during the term. As a result of the research, there was an increase in the post-test writing skill scores of the experimental and control 1 groups. The mind map method and story writing with homework exercises improved students' writing skills.

The Effect of Project-Based Stem Education Approach on Academic Achievement and Stem Career Interests in Science

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the project-based STEM learning method prepared in accordance with the Science and Technology course curriculum on academic achievement and STEM Career Interest levels. Pre-test post-test control group experimental design was used in the study. In this context, the sample of the study consisted of 52 (n=26 experimental and n=27 control) volunteer 6th grade students studying in two different branches at Karatay Secondary School in Karatay district of Konya province in the second semester of 2021-2022 academic year. A placement test was administered in order to determine the branches in which the study would be conducted. According to the results of the exam, volunteer students studying in the closest level branches were included in the study. The students in the experimental group were taught according to the project-based STEM learning method prepared according to the outcomes of the Support and Motion System, Force and Motion, Sound Insulation, Thermal Insulation units for 64 lesson hours. The students in the control group were taught the above-mentioned units by the same instructor according to the existing program for 64 class hours. Both experimental and control group students were administered the skills-based academic achievement and STEM Career Interest Scale prepared by the Ministry of National Education as pre-test and post-test. The data obtained from the pre-test and post-test applications were evaluated in SPSS 26.0 package program. In the statistical analysis, it was found that there was a statistically significant difference between the students in the experimental and control groups in favor of the students in the experimental group (p<0.05). According to the findings obtained from the statistical analysis, it was concluded that the project-based STEM teaching method in science education increased the level of academic achievement and interest in STEM professions. Based on this result, it is predicted that students' academic achievement levels can increase with the more frequent use of project-based STEM learning method in science education by teachers

The Effect of Quantum Learning Model on Attitude, Anxiety, and Achievement of Middle School Students Towards Mathematics

We conducted this research to investigate the impact of the Quantum Learning Model (QLM) on the academic achievement, attitudes toward mathematics, and anxiety levels of seventh-grade middle school students. A total of fifty-six 7th-grade students participated in the research. The research used a quasi-experimental model with a pretest-posttest control group. The experimental group used QLM during the research process, while the control group used the current learning approach. We conducted the research for 28 lesson hours. We collected data using attitude, anxiety scale, and academic achievement tests. We applied tests to both groups before and after the experimental procedure. We used independent-samples-T-tests and paired-samples-T tests in the analyses. We also evaluated the journals of students and the researcher. Accordingly, QLM had a positive effect on middle school students' academic achievement in mathematics. The posttest mean scores of attitudes decreased significantly in the control group. The experimental group experienced a decrease in post-test mean scores of anxiety, which was not statistically significant, whereas the control group experienced a statistically significant increase in post-test scores. Students and teachers have expressed positive opinions about the use of note-taking and mind maps, which enhance the durability of learning, the establishment of a classroom environment and atmosphere conducive to QLM, and the implementation of celebration activities.

초등학교 사회 수업에서 노동인권교육 실천 경험에 관한 자문화기술지

The purpose of this study is to explore the experiences of researcher who have practiced labor related human rights education in elementary school social lessons with an autoethnography and to provide implications for the operation of labor related human rights education linked to social studies. To gather evidence for this study, I complied a collection of lesson plans, student evaluations, and classroom observation records from a single semester. In addition, my own personal reflections and experiences as both a researcher and participant in the classroom served as a primary source of data. The research results are summarized as follows. First, I reorganized the curriculum by linking and integrating various subjects and creative experiential activities to practice labor related human rights education in social lessons, and conceived class activities by referring to various teaching and learning materials, but labor related human rights education could not be systematically dealt with. Second, the number of social lesson hours alone was not sufficient to deal with labor related human rights education. Third, it is not easy for fellow teachers to unite together, although the identity of a teacher who is a worker citizen must be established as a social textbook. Based on these research results, I would like to present implications for the practice of labor related human rights education in social studies lessons. First, it is necessary to develop teaching and learning materials for labor related human rights education centered on social studies achievement standards. Second, opportunities for understanding and experience of labor related human rights must be accompanied throughout educational activities. Third, it is necessary to change teachers’ perception of labor related human rights education.

Development of domino media to improve problem solving and mathematical communication for Islamic boarding school students

Mathematical problem solving and communication skills are important factors in learning mathematics. Therefore, it is necessary to develop learning media, especially in Islamic boarding school curricula where the learning load is greater than the regular curriculum. On this basis, the aim of this research is to develop domino card media to improve problem solving and mathematical communication skills of Islamic boarding school students. Development was carried out at Al-Izzah IIBS Batu Middle School, Malang, using the ADDIE model. Data obtained from documents, observations, questionnaires and tests were analyzed using qualitative and quantitative approaches. Based on the results of the validation analysis, the domino card media was declared valid from the aspects of design, material, curriculum, consistency, language, practicality, problem solving development and mathematical communication. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of using domino card media in learning is classified as effective, if seen from the results of the problem solving ability test with an N-Gain score of 76.79%, and the results of the mathematical communication ability test with an N-Gain score of 61.79%. Many factors cause this non-optimality, including a lack of mathematics lesson hours, a busy lesson schedule that is less suited to conditions, many demands on students, and the learning load in the curriculum.

Zakazana samodzielność poznawcza: kształcenie początkowe pod przymusem rozumowania zapożyczonego

The article contains an analysis of the empirical material created during the internship of students’, future primary school teachers, as a result of their observations, followed by team analysis and gathering in portfolios. Observations were conducted for 6 weeks in 30 different schools, lasting 120 hours (60 hours of lessons typical for initial grades and 60 hours of English lessons). Fragments from portfolios devoted to the teaching methods that children are exposed to were selected for the study. Interpretive analysis of documents helped to indicate a very low status of pupils’ cognitive independence, blocking creative thinking, and preventing peer learning. The strength and persistence of this teaching model creates the risk of developing a habit of waiting for guidance on how to think and leading to a permanent inability to reason beyond that borrowed from others.

Peran Guru PAI dalam Memanfaatkan Perpustakaan Sekolah di SMP Takhassus Al-Qur’an Wonosobo

The school library is a very necessary means by the provider of educational institutions as a material container and resource for teachers and students. Therefore, a good quality library will have a good impact on its students. The purpose of this research is to find out how the role of PAI teachers in using school libraries as a means of learning in SMP TAKHASSUS AL-QUR’AN, knowing the supporting factors and inhibiting factors PAI teacher in using the chool library. This time the research uses qualitative methods, where the method used is not using data but a sentence or a picture, that is, by doing observations, interviews and documentation. As for the results of the research showed that PAI teacher has been very good in performing his role as a teacher in utilizing the school library that is by growing students interest in reading by using the library as a place and means of learning other than in the classroom, giving the student the task to find material to be discussed, read and discussed both in group and individually. As for the constraints in the library only lack of duration, due to PAI lesson hours at the end of the lesson and the majority of students in SMP TAKHASSUS AL-QUR’AN live in the neighborhood of Pondok Pesantren.

The Effect of Mathematics Teaching with Mobile Augmented Reality Technology on Secondary School Students’ Attitudes and Academic Achievements

Nowadays, the prevalence of augmented reality technology is increasing day by day, along with the benefits it provides in many fields from shopping to education, from medicine to the automotive sector. This technology, which allows the real environment to interact with the virtual environment, has been used in many studies in the literature. In this research, the seventh-grade mathematics course, which was processed with augmented reality applications, was conducted. The effects of classroom students’ academic achievements, attitudes toward mathematics lessons, and augmented reality applications were examined. For this purpose, a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test, and post-test control group was used. The research was conducted with a total of 60 students, including 30 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group. A total of 10 lesson hours were applied, including 5 hours per week. Among the quantitative data collection tools, achievement tests, mathematics attitude scales, and augmented reality applications attitude scales were used in the research. As a result of the research, it was found that the course conducted with augmented reality application has a positive effect on the academic achievements of students. However, it was found that there was no significant difference in their attitudes towards mathematics courses. The written opinions received from the students show that the students find the lesson more entertaining and want to use it in other lessons as well.

Multimodality in Distance Education during Covid-19: Teachers’ Perspectives and Practices

With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, governments around the world were forced to take emergency measures in every aspect of life including education. Instead of the prevalent face-to-face mode of teaching, institutions turned to online teaching one by one. This brought many issues along with it. Because of distance education, it became quite challenging for teachers to maintain the multimodal nature of communication. This research aims to examine in-service teachers’ perceptions and actual practices regarding multimodal instruction in online lessons during the COVID-19 pandemic from a descriptive point of view. The research followed an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design. Firstly, to examine the beliefs and preferences of teachers, a 24-item questionnaire (henceforth Multimodal Teaching Questionnaire) that was adapted from a previously developed questionnaire by Bulut et al. (2015) was used. Secondly, 72 hours of distance lessons from 36 teachers were observed via Zoom online conferencing tool. The results showed a discrepancy between the teachers’ statements and their actual practices regarding multimodality. While most of them reported extensive use of multimodality in their instruction, observations showed that in the majority of their lessons, only one or two modes were used.

Mapping oral feedback interactions in young pupils’ writing

ABSTRACT The quality of feedback interactions, when young pupils write, influences their learning processes. Still, teachers tend to use feedback that provides little information to enhance pupils’ understanding and learning regarding their literacy skills. More knowledge about feedback interactions for young pupils as they write is needed. Thus, we wanted to investigate: What characterises oral feedback interactions in classrooms between teachers and young pupils while pupils write? Observations were collected using video recordings from 14 second-grade classrooms in Norway (pupils 7 years old). Seventy-two hours of video-recorded lessons were studied using thematic analysis. The results show a pattern where teachers praise general ability at the self-level and correct specific mistakes at the task level, less information about writing strategies is provided.

Penguatan Karakter Religius Melalui Program Pesantren Ramadhan 1445 H Pada Komunitas Teras Baca Nurul Huda Batu Ringgit Kota Mataram Nusa Tenggara Barat

Islamic religious education in public schools is often said to have little influence on students. Apart from the very limited intensity of study time, namely 2-3 hours of lessons per week, this is also due to the fact that Islamic learning only focuses on basic theoretical knowledge and less on a practical level so that the main goal of Islamic education which touches on the spiritual and social dimensions is difficult to achieve. The Nurul Huda Reading Terrace Community, located in Baturinggit village, Mataram City, NTB, is a forum for informal education for children and teenagers engaged in literacy. Advances in technology and information that have led to shifts in social behavior have given rise to negative behaviors that have led to the apathetic, intolerant, anti-social and hedonistic attitudes of the current generation. This is the basis for the formation of the Ramadhan Islamic boarding school program in the Teras Baca Nurul Huda Baturinggit Mataram comunity, NTB. The Ramadhan Islamic boarding school program has been successfully attended by 60 participants. The aim of this program is to strengthen the religious character of local village children and teenagers who will support the realization of a religious society. The methods of this program include: 1) Preparation; 2) Implementation; and 3) Evaluation and Follow-up. Several activities such as Ramadhan taklim, duarah, donations. Through these activities, religious characters can be strengthened, including love of Allah and His Messenger, independence, courageous, responsible attitudes, a sense of solidarity and mutual respect for each other and an attitude of empathy. The positive response and support of the local community, especially parents and community leaders, guarantees the continuity of this program from the beginning to the end of Ramadan and creates opportunities for its continuation in the future to form a religious, individually and socially pious generation.

The Effect of Flipped Classroom Model Applıcation on Academic Achievements and Attitudes of Secondary School Sixth-Grade Students Towards Social Studies Courses

With the development of technology in ourage, rapid change and development is observed in thefield of information technology. Thischange is alsoobserved in the field of educational Technologiesand beside this new teaching model sareemerged. One of them is the Flipped Classroom model. This teaching model is defined as a model that provides the opportunity to learn the theoretical information at home and practice it at school via homework. The flipped classroom model is integrated with the technology. The students can study as they want in terms of time duration or rate instead of just listening. They can view courses on their mobile devices when ever they want. This research examines‘whether the application of flipped classroom model have an effect on the secondary sixth grade students’ academic success in ‘Culture and Heritage’ unit’and‘what is their attitudes to wards social studies lessons? Qualita tivere search approach isused in the research. The method of the research is quasi-Test design with pretest-posttest control groups. The application was carried out in 5 week sand 20 lesson hours. The study group of there search consists of 25 students who are chosen viasimplerandom sampling method. The data collection tools of there search are academic achievement test and attitude scale. The dependent sample t-test and Mann Whitney U Test were used in quantitive ananalysis. According to the findings of the study, the students academic achievement in social studies lesson in creased significantly compared to the pre-test post-test results. There is no significant different cebet weenth e students' attitudes towards social studies lesson.

Upaya Meningkatkan Kemampuan Membaca Siswa Dengan Metode TGT (Teames Games Tournament) Pada Siswa Kelas IVA SDN 01 Mamben Daya Semester 1 Tahun Pelajaran 2021/2022

This study aims to improve students' reading skills through the TGT (Teams Games Tournament) method. This type of research is CAR (Classroom Action Research) which is carried out in two cycles with each cycle being carried out in two meetings. Each meeting consists of four stages, namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection which is carried out for two hours of lessons. The subjects of this study were students of class IVA SDN 01 Mamben Daya. Data collection techniques using observation, documentation and oral tests. The data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative and descriptive quantitative. The results in the initial condition of students' ability to read words through the TGT (Teams Games Tournament) method only reached 11 students with a percentage of 50% belonging to the "completed" category while 11 students with a percentage of 50% belonging to the "incomplete" category. In the first cycle the increase in students' abilities increased by 13 students with a percentage of 63% belonging to the "completed" category while 9 students with a percentage of 37% belonging to the "incomplete" category. While in the second cycle there were 20 students with a percentage of 80% belonging to the "completed" category while 2 students with a percentage of 20% belonging to the "incomplete" category. So that research using the TGT (Teams Games Tournament) method is said to be successful in improving students' reading skills

BIMBINGAN BAGI ANAK BERKESULITAN BELAJAR SD SWASTA MUHAMMADIYAH 43 KECAMATAN KABANJAHE KABUPATEN KARO

This research aims to assist students in developing their potential optimally through comprehensive learning guidance. This research aims to explore and develop an effective guidance program for children with learning difficulties in Elementary School (SD). This activity was carried out at SD Swasta Muhammadiyah 43 Kabanjahe, on May 5, 2024. Learning difficulties experienced by children can affect their academic achievement as well as their emotional and social development. This research uses a qualitative method, namely by conducting orientation to elementary school teachers and parents, providing learning support and mentoring services, as well as monitoring and evaluating program activities. The approach used is an individual technique that applies directive counseling, group guidance applies the home room outside of lesson hours. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with teachers, counselors, and parents, as well as direct observation of students with learning difficulties. The research results show that the guidance given to children with learning difficulties must be individual and tailored to the needs of each child. An effective guidance program involves collaboration between teachers, counselors, and parents, as well as the use of creative and diverse learning strategies. Some effective strategies found include a multisensory approach, project-based learning, and the use of educational technology. In addition, emotional support and motivation were also found to be key factors in helping children overcome their learning difficulties.This research concludes that structured and ongoing guidance is very important in supporting children with learning difficulties in elementary school. Recommendations for the implementation of guidance programs include training for teachers and counselors, increasing parental involvement, and developing school policies that support inclusion and diversity in teaching methods.

Relevansi Nilai-nilai Pendidikan Agama Islam dengan Program Kegiatan Pramuka di SMK Negeri 1 Kerinci

The lack of Islamic religious education lesson hours, which is only 3 lesson hours per week at the SMK/MAK level, plus Prakerind (Industrial Work Practice) for 2 semesters, is of course not enough for a PAI teacher to teach a very broad PAI material. This research aims to determine the relationship between the values of Islamic religious education and the scout activity program at SMK N 1 Kerinci. It is hoped that once the connection between PAI values and scout activities is known, students will be interested in taking part in scout activities to learn and implement PAI values outside of class hours. This research uses a qualitative method with a case study type of research, the object of this research is the scout members of SMK N 1 Kerinci. The data in this research was obtained from observation, interviews and documentation. In analyzing the data the author used source triangulation. The results of this research show that there is a connection between the values of Islamic religious education in several Scout activity programs at SMK N 1 Kerinci. In the scout activity program implemented there are two values of Islamic religious education, namely the value of worship, including: congregational prayer, du'a, natural tadabur, muhasabah, and mutual help. Then the moral values include: Discipline, Patience, Politeness, Independence, Leadership, Willing to help. The habit of worshiping and cultivating these character values can improve the religious attitudes of Scout members.

Next-generation learning experience: The effect of technology-assisted and printed context-based vocabulary activities on vocabulary knowledge and learning motivation

AbstractThis study aims to compare and analyse the effects of context-based vocabulary activities with technology-assisted tools and printed materials on fourth-grade primary school students’ vocabulary knowledge and learning motivation. One of the quasi-experimental designs, the “pretest-posttest control group design”, was used in the study. There were two experimental groups and one control group. Technology-assisted context-based vocabulary activities were used in one of the experimental groups, and printed materials with context-based vocabulary activities were used in the other experimental group. The implementation was carried out in the control group according to the current Turkish curriculum. It was planned to teach vocabulary by utilising sentence and text context in context-based vocabulary activities. The research was conducted with students studying in three different fourth grade classes of a primary school, which were equivalent to each other according to the pre-tests. A total of 91 students from three groups (experimental-1: 30, experimental-2: 30, control: 31) participated in the study. The Vocabulary Knowledge Achievement Test (VKAT) developed by Yaşar-Sağlık (2022) and the Vocabulary Learning Motivation Scale (VLMS) developed by Genç-Ersoy and Belet-Boyacı (2018) were used in the study. After the pre-tests were applied, 14 lesson hours of interventions were carried out over 7 weeks. After the implementation, the process was finalised by applying post-tests. The data were analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) on the difference in scores (post-test – pre-test). Also, the Tukey post hoc test was used to determine the source of the difference. In addition, partial eta squared (η2) values were calculated to determine effect sizes. As a result, it was found that context-based vocabulary activities conducted with technology-assisted tools and printed materials were significantly more effective in improving students’ vocabulary knowledge than the current Turkish curriculum. In addition, it was also revealed that technology-assisted activities were more effective in improving students’ vocabulary knowledge than the activities carried out using printed materials. In terms of vocabulary learning motivation, the results are slightly different. It was found that context-based vocabulary activities conducted with technology-assisted tools were significantly more effective in improving students’ vocabulary learning motivation than the current Turkish curriculum and the context-based vocabulary activities conducted with printed materials. In line with these results, it is recommended that technology-assisted context-based vocabulary activities be used to increase students’ vocabulary knowledge and learning motivation.

Improving Critical Thinking by Using Technology in the Learning Process

Improving Critical Thinking by Using Technology in the Learning Process

Pengembangan Pendekatan Kurikulum K13 di SD/MI

The process of teaching and learning activities in current conditions can be carried out by paying attention to several things. The first is to coordinate with the COVID-19 task force regarding whether or not teaching and learning activities can be carried out in schools. As a result of these changes in learning, of course, there are difficulties at every level of education, where previously learning was carried out face-to-face, whereas now they have to do online learning. by government education decisions. This research is library research, where researchers use library research methods by searching for data on web journals, books, and other websites that have the data needed. The research results from the information above start from the K13 curriculum which has core competencies, basic competencies and indicators, and a learning system that has been arranged in such a way starting from the subjects presented, lesson hours on one theme, and the desired final goal, everything is stated in K13 curriculum.

Emergency Online Teaching and COVID-19: Teachers’ Use and Integration of Computer Technologies

The aim of the research was to determine the use of computer technologies and the status of integration into lessons during online teaching by class teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research used a descriptive survey model. The study group for the research comprised 464 class teachers employed in official primary schools linked to the Ministry of National Education in Rize province. Two scales were used in the research; the Technology Integration Self-Efficacy Scale and the Teachers’ Information and Communication Technologies Integration Approach Scale. Data were analyzed with the t test, ANOVA and correlation test. Male teachers were determined to have higher use of computer technologies and higher levels of ability to integrate it into lessons compared to female teachers. Though there was no difference in use of technology levels of teachers, their levels of ability to integrate technology into lessons differed according to seniority. The use of computer technology by teachers and levels of ability to integrate into lessons did not differ according to receiving in-service training related to technology and educational status. Teachers’ use of technology and levels of ability to integrate into lessons differed according to the hours of lessons given using technology. As the levels of use of education technology by class teachers increased, their levels of ability to integrate computer technology into lessons also increased. 
 
 Keywords: Online teaching, technology integration, class teacher, Covid 19.