Lesson Drawing Research Articles

Интегрированный подход в образовании как ресурс творческого развития обучающихся на уроках литературы

The modern landscape of education underscores the imperative of nurturing students’ creativity within the confines of modern societal paradigms. This article delves into the multifaceted realm of creative development within the educational sphere, scrutinizing the concept of “integration” and interrogating its pertinence in the current educational discourse. Drawing from historical perspectives, the seminal viewpoints of educational luminaries such as J.A. Comenius, I.G. Pestalozzi, and K.D. Ushinsky are meticulously examined, providing a foundational framework for understanding the evolution of pedagogical methodologies. A pivotal observation made by educators is the judicious using of interdisciplinary connections in the pedagogical process, serving as a catalyst for the inception of integrated learning paradigms. This study, in particular, directs its focus towards the nascent stages of interdisciplinary integration in the educational landscape of early XX century Russia. Methodologies underpinning teaching practices predicated on an integrated approach are dissected, alongside an exploration of the intricacies of literature lessons contextualized within the framework of interdisciplinary communication. The article expounds upon the pedagogical efficacy of the integrated approach vis-à-vis literature instruction, exemplified through the elucidation of an integrated lesson drawing from diverse educational domains, including but not limited to chemistry and literature. A fragment of a literature lesson designed for 10th-grade students is elucidated, wherein the denouement of Ivan Turgenev’s novel “Fathers and Sons” serves as the backdrop for students’ exploration of character dynamics through the lens of chemical reactions. Furthermore, the article showcases excerpts of student-authored compositions and children’s elucidations of experiments, along with equations elucidating substance interactions. In conclusion, this research contributes significantly to the pedagogical discourse surrounding innovative instructional methodologies, underscoring the transformative potential of interdisciplinary integration in fostering students’ holistic development, particularly within the domain of literature education.

Disaster management policy changes in Bangladesh: Drivers and factors of a shift from reactive to proactive approach

AbstractIn this paper, we argue that, while it is necessary to modify existing policy using the lessons learned from disaster events (i.e., reactive learning), this approach is insufficient on its own for dealing with ongoing and emerging climate‐induced disaster risks. Rather, we assert that policymakers must also adopt a proactive and anticipatory learning approach that would enable policy learning and policy evolution in the absence of a major disaster event. We examine drivers, actors, and processes of change in disaster‐management policy paradigms in Bangladesh. A longitudinal learning perspective is applied. We categorize disaster management (DM) policy regimes into three learning episodes: (i) reactive, (ii) transitional, and (iii) proactive. The roles of reactive and proactive learning in shifting DM policy paradigms within these learning episodes are particularly determined. Finally, five interrelated factors that triggered proactive policymaking are identified, which are: risk‐oriented policymaking; cross‐scale (i.e., lesson drawing and policy transfer) and cross‐level (i.e., from local, regional, and national experience) learning; participation of multiple stakeholders; research‐informed and knowledge‐based policymaking; and the presence of a strong advocacy group and a participatory policy process.

Natural Disasters and Public Administration Capacity Building: Key Challenges and Lesson Drawing: Extended Deadlines

Natural Disasters and Public Administration Capacity Building: Key Challenges and Lesson Drawing: Extended Deadlines

Impact of COVID-19 on Utilisation of Funds by People With Disabilities: Lessons Drawn From the Australian National Disability Insurance Scheme.

COVID-19 pandemic has affected everyone, especially people with disabilities (PwD). While there has been qualitative research on the impact of the pandemic on PwD in Australia, little quantitative evidence has been produced on the magnitude of this impact. A range of descriptive analytic methods are employed on the data merged from the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) and COVID-19 data on national, state, and regional levels to compare the expenditure of the NDIS participants who are in pandemic-affected regions and time periods with those that are not. Regression analysis is also performed to estimate the participants' utilisation of funds using explanatory variables drawn from the NDIS, COVID-19, and lockdown policy information. Our analysis reveals that: (1) the pandemic reduced expenditure of the NDIS participants by approximately A$ 31.2 million, equal to 8.85% of the total expenditure over five quarters for the state of Victoria (VIC) alone; (2) the contractions in expenditure lasted for up to two quarters during the pandemic; (3) the reductions in expenditure were largely associated with the limited mobility imposed via lockdowns compared to the impaired access to services; and (4) the spread of COVID-19 that led to restrictions on mobility of people had a bearing on utilisation of funds by NDIS participants in the subsequent quarter. COVID-19 has affected the expenditure of the PwD in Australia. We overlaid the NDIS data on the COVID-19 outbreaks to estimate the impact of the pandemic on expenditure and utilisation rate of the funds allocated to the NDIS participants. Our findings point to potential policy interventions to mitigate some of the adverse consequences of similar nationwide emergencies.

Grassroots involvement on Global South policy narratives and deliberative action on climate change loss and damage

PurposeThis paper investigates how power and narratives among actors relate to the process of agenda-setting and deliberation in the context of climate change loss and damage. The focus is to understand how grassroots voices manifest their concerns on intensifying economic and non-economic impacts of climate change loss and damage which affect them.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based on the case of the Southeast Asia climate change loss and damage workshop in Bohol, Philippines in August 2022. It utilizes lesson drawing as a critical approach by thematic analysis in making sense of the data gathered from the perspectives of participant observers and facilitators.FindingsThere are different levels of power and dominant narratives actors in a deliberative process propel in taking a stance over a particular issue towards agenda-setting and policy framing. The power and narratives help actors to maintain and emphasize their position, exercise authority, and to some point, suppress weak voices. Narratives associated with emotions, sentiments, ideologies, and value systems of the grassroots, community leaders, and climate justice movements tend to be devalued by those in a high level of power and authority.Originality/valueTechno-authoritarian domination explicitly hampers a genuine grassroots involvement in the policy process, especially towards agenda-setting of immediate concerns about climate change loss and damage which affect the public. Critiquing actors’ power and narratives are productive in identifying and propagating the type of deliberative spaces that speak truth to power.

Natural Disasters and Public Administration Capacity Building: Key Challenges and Lesson Drawing

Natural Disasters and Public Administration Capacity Building: Key Challenges and Lesson Drawing

Electronic Monitoring of Juveniles in Flanders (Belgium): Lessons Drawn From Western European Countries

In 2019, Flanders, Belgium’s northern Dutch-speaking community, adopted legislation that for the first time mentions juvenile electronic monitoring. The government has nevertheless yet to decide on its implementation. Other countries’ policies, that share Flanders’ principles of constructive sanctioning, rehabilitation, responsibility, safety, restoration and evidence-based practices, such as England and Wales, the Netherlands, Scotland, and Sweden, can therefore inspire lesson-drawing. Juvenile electronic monitoring is advised to be applied (1) when juveniles can understand it, (2) for limited durations, (3) using global positioning system (GPS), (4) with therapeutic treatments, (5) consent, (6) incentivised schedules, (7) individualised breach procedures, (8) restorative options and (9) regular evaluation.

The Legislative Defects of Public-Private Partnership in China and Lessons Drawn

Over the recent decades of economic growth, the Public-Private Partnership (PPP) has been an emerging business model for the Chinese government to establish an efficient relationship with the private sector for public policy. However, there exist obstacles to truly implementing a PPP in place. Apart from inexperienced PPP implementation, the lack of appropriate legal guidance is another major barrier to carrying out a PPP project. A shortage in a well-structured legal system, encompassing relevant legislative deficiency, leaves the scholars the duty to navigate the way for enhancing legislative structure for PPP. Even loads of research have been done on defining the role of the government and the private capital, in hopes that the risk-bearing process involved in a PPP project would be properly designed. But little discussion thereof has been carried out, combining the analysis with the legal nature of public-private partnership itself. Therefore, this paper presents a theoretical framework for examining the legal nature of PPP and analyses the legislative defects regarding PPP with a case. In this paper, the fragmented nature of PPP legislation in China is figured out, pointing to the absence of laws with higher hierarchies regulating PPP, which reveals the vague legal nature of PPP contracts and little legal constraints on the government. What is also surfaced from the fragmented and chaotic PPP legislative state is the ill categorized legal nature of the government, with overlapping roles from different governmental departments, exacerbating the unevenly distributed risks imposed on different parties involved in PPP. This paper then ends with conclusions extracted from experience drawn from both inside and outside China, particularly making an analogy with France, and stresses the need to build a more detailed and logically clarified legislative system for PPP.

The Right of Access to Land VIS-À-VIS the Right to Mine: The Discussion on the Lessons Drawn from the Case of Maledu and Others v Itireleng Bakgatla Mineral Resources (Pty) Ltd and Another 2019 (1) BCLR 53 (CC)

Land remains a contentious issue in South African history to date. It provides people with hope and various opportunities. This paper discusses the right of access to land and the right to mine. The paper discusses at length the requirements set at law and considered significant for compliance to attain these rights. Four dominant issues emerge from the discussion namely land, mining rights, consultation and consent as well as deprivation as pillars adjoined to critique the fundamental legal requirements needed to access land and to mine it. Mining companies compete for access to the country’s mineral lands and petroleum resources to exploit them relentlessly. Whilst South Africa has been installed as the conduit of the nation’s mineral and petroleum resources, the need to enforce compliance with the requirements set a national law is critical to avoid illegal mining and unlawful deprivation of land for mining purposes. This is because most of the land in South Africa is communal or belong to private owners, concentrated with the mineral wealth. Legislation such as the Interim Protection of Informal Land Rights Act 31 of 1996(IPILRA) and the Minerals and Petroleum Resources Development Act 28 of 2002(MPRDA), as amended, are triggered for this discussion.
 
 Received: 22 August 2022 / Accepted: 30 October 2022 / Published: 5 November 2022

Normative Emulation and the Diffusion of Institutional Frameworks from the European Union to the African Union

ABSTRACT The European and African experiences of integration have followed different historical trajectories. However, Africa’s approach to regionalism seems to be dominated by European conceptions in two areas: political and institutional. From an institutional perspective, a number of European Union and African Union institutions bare certain similarities. Do these institutional similarities represent traceable evidence of the diffusion of regional integration from the European Union to the African Union? This article answers this question using a process tracing methodology within a policy transfer and diffusion framework. It tests for evidence of diffusion haven occurred through conditionalities (incentives) offered from EU support for Africa’s continental integration as well as for lesson drawing and emulation by the AU. It finds no traceable evidence of diffusion from the EU to the OAU/AU between 1963 to 2003 and concludes that normative emulation is the most probable cause of the institutional similarities between the EU and AU.

The EU Recovering from the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Drawn from the Post-2008 Crisis Policy

The EU Recovering from the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Drawn from the Post-2008 Crisis Policy

How to Get out of the Labyrinth of Time? Lessons Drawn from Callender

Callender [2017] claims that contemporary science demonstrates that there is no objective present and no objective flow of time, especially since all sensed events come from the past, our various senses need different amounts of time to react, and there are enough asymmetries in the physical world to explain our experience of time. This paper holds that, although Callender’s arguments for the subjectivity of the flow of time are unconvincing, the scientific discoveries and arguments he indicates can still be applied to improve theories of the objective flow of time. The paper develops precisely such a theory, one which introduces multiple individual proper presents for all of the objects that make up our world.

Understanding the dynamics of notification and implementation of Article 5.3 across India’s states and union territories

IntroductionIn federal systems, state and local governments may offer opportunities for innovation in implementing the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC). This paper explores the implementation of WHO FCTC...

Policy Learning, Policy Failure, and the Mitigation of Policy Risks: Re-Thinking the Lessons of Policy Success and Failure

Policy failures are often assumed to be unintentional and anomalous events about which well-intentioned governments can learn why they occurred and how they can be corrected. These assumptions color many of the results from contemporary studies of policy learning which remain optimistic that ongoing policy problems can be resolved through technical learning and lesson drawing from comparative case studies. Government intentions may not be solely oriented toward the creation of public value and publics may not abide by government wishes, however, and studies of policy learning need to take these “darksides” of policy-making more seriously if the risks of policy failure are to be mitigated.

The influenza pandemic in colonial Asante: Lesson drawing for the fight against COVID-19 in the twenty-first century

This paper pays attention to colonial strategies that were deployed to fight against the influenza pandemic among the Asante of Ghana. It does a comparative analysis of the outbreak and mode of spread of COVID-19 and influenza pandemics in Ghana and Asante, in particular. Based on the theory of lesson-drawing, the authors aimed to ascertain whether the strategies adopted to fight the current COVID-19 pandemic reminisce the earlier strategies deployed during the influenza pandemic of 1918. Based on primary and secondary data, the authors have constructed a history which proffers some insights into the fight against COVID-19. Authors conclude that the various health interventions toward the prevention and control of influenza in Asante during the colonial period were skewed in favour of Europeans and natives who worked within the colonial civil service. This did not support relevant strategies and efforts to reduce the spread of the disease at a faster pace. Despite several efforts made to curtail the spread of the disease, the colonial administration together with traditional authorities encountered challenges of inadequate health personnel, culture conflict, financial. The role of security agencies and the collaboration between the colonial administration and traditional authorities offer a very significant lesson for confronting the COVID-19 pandemic in Ghana.

Associating Field Actors in the Observation of Visitor Flows and Recreational Activities in Mountain Regions: Lessons Drawn from two Collaborative Projects in France and Switzerland

The Alps are particularly affected by the effects of climate change. The average temperature increase is twice as high as that observed at the global level (Beniston, 2012). Climate change is having a profound impact on tourism, sports and, more broadly, recreational activities in mountain regions. First of all, this concerns the rise in the rain-snow limit and the increasing scarcity of snow (Gonseth, 2013), leading ski lift companies to invest heavily in the production of artificial snow in order to sustain the activities of skiing and snowboarding (Abegg, 2011; Clivaz et al., 2015). However, climate change also has important repercussions for other sports and recreational pursuits in these regions, especially in summer (hiking, climbing, mountaineering, etc.). Observing the effects of climate change on recreational activities in less-developed mountain regions proves complex. In this context, an exploratory participatory research-action project, presented in this paper, was carried out in 2019 with the objective of both taking stock of existing data on the use of less-developed mountain regions and studying the feasibility of an approach involving field actors in the observation of the evolution of this use. This contribution is an opportunity to look back at this project and to show the challenges and difficulties linked to this deliberately collaborative approach, in particular by putting it into perspective with the French observation program “Refuges Sentinelles” (RS) (Sentinel Hut Program) from which it was inspired. More generally, it is also a question of examining the knowledge issues, for both research and field actors (hut keepers, mountain guides and leaders), linked to a collaborative research approach. The results in terms of data collected or issues identified (changes in visitor flows, the role of hut keepers, types of clientele, etc.) are not part of the subject of this contribution, even if they are mentioned from time to time in order to illustrate the topic.Our methodology is based on the final report of the participatory research-action project we conducted (Obin et al., 2020), on a student thesis on the feasibility of the Sentinel Hut program and of the approach to be implemented (Berthet, 2014), as well as on the minutes of various sessions and events related to this program. We supplemented these sources with a semi-structured interview conducted online in January 2021 with the scientific leader of this program, focusing specifically on the theme of the collaborative methodology utilised.

Life is a rollercoaster: an exploration of a support group for parents and carers of those with children and young people with mental health difficulties

Abstract NHS Digital reported that one in eight children aged 5 to 19-year-old in England were identified with a mental illness, the most prevalent being emotional disorders. A diagnosis of a mental illness has a clear impact on children or young people and can also impact the health and wellbeing of family members, in particular parents and carers. We will share and discuss findings from a co-produced evaluation of a nationally recognized support group, Rollercoaster, a well-established and popular parent support group in the UK, for carers of children and young people with mental health difficulties. We will illustrate “what works” in setting up and running a support group for parents in the UK and more widely. The audience will learn what matters to the parents and carers regarding support and in terms of offering support, and how to effectively run a successful support group. Specifically, the evaluation focused on what principles could be drawn from Rollercoaster, given the wide gap in local services offering targeted support for carers. We therefore created a framework to aid in the development of other, unique support groups designed to meet the needs of their local populations. We carried out a parent/carer survey; interviews with parents/carers, support group workers and wider stakeholders; and observations of support group activities. Applying a “lesson drawing” method, we grouped what participants said around the following areas: 1) specific activities offered by Rollercoaster; 2) people who set up and run a parent/carer support group; 3) how to make a parent/carer support group successful. Engaging a wide range of parents/carers and stakeholders at every stage in the design of activities was seen as paramount. A range of skills are required by different people at various points in setting up and running the group. Success rests on constantly adapting to internal and external developments and having a bedrock of being parent led and professionally supported.

When Crime Policies Travel: Cross-National Policy Transfer in Crime Control

Cross-national policy movement in crime control has only recently become the focus of scholarly attention. Research findings suggest, despite appearances to the contrary, that fully fledged policy transfers are rare. In practice, soft transfer (in terms of symbolic dimensions of policy) appears more prevalent than harder manifestations (e.g., the travel of institutions, instruments, and practices). Soft transfers are usually associated with penal policies that have emotive political appeal. Hard transfers are more likely to occur when policies have a strong technical flavor. A number of mechanisms influence policy transfer, ranging from purposive and self-conscious lesson drawing to more imposed forms of policy adoption. A number of factors facilitate or constrain the degree to which policies travel and how they take shape during and after the process, from matters of cultural and political attraction to the activities of policy and moral entrepreneurs. This field of research was once dominated by a focus on the Global North as the site of policy transfer or the source of policy influence, but increasing attention is now paid to circulation and spread of policy models within the Global South and from South to North.

Developing a Viable Cultural Heritage Tourism Site at the Tombs of the Masingo at Swongozwi: Lessons Drawn from the Muzibu-Azaala-Mpanga, Kasubi, Uganda

The Northern Limpopo Province of South Africa is characterized by a number of natural, environmental and cultural heritage sites, which could be developed into sustainable tourism sites. These sites could assist formerly disadvantaged communities improve on their livelihood options. This study covers the cultural heritage site of the tombs of the Masingo dynasty of the Vhavenda. The site is located in the Vhembe District of Limpopo Province, South Africa. The study used the model applied at the Baganda cultural heritage site at the Kasubi tombs in Uganda, where some Baganda kings (kabakas) are buried in what is known as the Muzibu-Azaala Mpanga. Historical critical analysis was applied to data collected through a qualitative literature study, key informant interviews, and site visits. The study found that, while Ugandans supported Kasubi being used for tourism purposes, the custodians of the Swongozwi site were not willing to make the site available for tourism development, or any other economic activities. Developing cultural heritage sites of indigenous African peoples should be informed by their attitudes to the protection of culture and identity, though it means that opportunities for poverty alleviation are missed. The result corroborated other studies conducted earlier amongst the Vhavenda.

Re-Building Students’ Post-COVID-19 Confidence in Courses, Curriculum and Careers for Tourism, Hospitality, and Events

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic has brought the most significant disruption to education in history (United Nations, 2020), not least in Tourism, Hospitality, and Events (THE). While growing evidence explores the reshaping of higher education in a COVID-19 era, limited discussion exists on the specific impacts for current and future students of THE and the challenges of rebuilding student and wider stakeholder confidence in THE education and careers. This paper advances this discussion by focusing on the impact of COVID-19 on the THE educational experience. A case example approach is adopted to illustrate the responses of four universities in the pre, during, and post phases of students’ educational journey. Common approaches are drawn using lesson drawing, broader implications and issues affecting institutions and students are explored and lessons for the future of THE education are extrapolated. Finally, the paper also suggests avenues for future research.