Lesions In Anterior Region Research Articles

Comparative evaluation of advanced and conventional diagnostic AIDS for endodontic management of periapical lesions, an in vivo study.

To evaluate efficacy of Colour Doppler ultrasonography (CDUSG), direct digital radiography (DDR) and conventional radiography (CR) in diagnosis of periapical lesions and to clinically correlate treatment plan of periapical diseases. Thirty patients which were diagnosed with periapical lesions in anterior region by using both conventional and digital radiography were examined using colour doppler ultrasound imaging at the site of lesion. The images of each lesion were analysed by two endodontists and by an expert oral radiologist. A tentative differential diagnosis was agreed upon, based on certain principles discussed in article, then a diagnosis between cyst, granuloma and mixed lesions was made. Periapical lesions diagnosed as mixed lesions by colour doppler ultrasonography (CDUSG) were treated non-surgically whereas other periapical lesions were treated surgically. Tissues obtained during endodontic surgery were processed and examined for histopathological findings, and compared with the diagnosis made by ultrasound images. Statistical analysis was done with Chi-Square test and using one-way-Anova. The periapical lesions which were diagnosed as granuloma by ultrasonographic findings, was confirmed by the results of histopathological examination in all 16 surgically treated cases. The lesions in rest of the 14 cases which showed vascularity and were diagnosed as mixed lesions by ultrasonography, were treated non-surgically and had a favourable prognosis. CR and DDR facilitate diagnosis of the presence of periapical disease, but do not provide and information of its nature. CDUSG imaging facilitates accurate information on the pathological nature of the lesion and hence can lead to predictable treatment planning.

Factors predicting the prognosis of oral alendronate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaws: A 4‐year cohort study

Studies concerning prognostic factors specific for alendronate-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) are rare. We surveyed a cohort of 100 osteoporotic patients with 111 alendronate-related ONJ lesions treated during a 4-year period. Prognostic values of clinical variables and serum markers of bone turnover were assessed by univariate and multivariate analyses. The cumulative complete response rate at 6 months was 48.65%. Serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP) level >10 μg/L, lesion depth ≦ 10 mm, and lesions in anterior regions denoted a better chance of healing within 6 months and the adjusted hazard ratios were 2.48 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41-4.37), 2.71 (95% CI, 1.57-4.70), and 3.94 (95% CI, 1.87-8.30), respectively. Early discovery of lesions and prevention of their deeper extension are crucial for improving the prognosis of alendronate-related ONJ. A higher pretreatment level of BSAP indicates a better prognosis.

Atypical case of reversible posterior leucoencephalopathy syndrome associated with puerperal HELLP syndrome

Reversible posterior lekoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is usually reversible. However, permanent cerebral damage may result if diagnosis is delayed. White matter edema in the posterior cerebral hemispheres is typical on neuroimaging. A 36-year-old primigravid woman underwent induction of labor due to mild pregnancy-induced hypertension. At 5 h after delivery, she developed eclampsia seizures complicated by hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, low platelets (HELLP) syndrome. Magnetic resonance imaging showed high-density lesions in anterior regions without any abnormalities in posterior cerebral regions. Cases of postpartum RPLS without involvement of posterior brain regions after eclampsia complicated by HELLP syndrome are very rare. Patients with RPLS do not always show typical manifestations.

Hypothalamic regulation of gonadotropin release in female Japanese quail.

The control mechanisms of the hypothalamo-hypophysio-ovarian axis were investigated in breeding Japanese quail by means of electrolytic or radiofrequency lesions in various regions of the hypothalamus. Depending on the site of damage to the hypothalamus, two forms of ovarian dysfunction were observed. Lesions in anterior regions of the infundibular nuclear complex or in the anterior division of the median eminence resulted in regression of the ovary and oviduct; all follicles of the ovaries of these birds measured less than 3 mm in diameter. These conditions are interpreted as indicative of cessation of the release of folliclestimulating hormone from the adenohypophysis. Lesions in medial, ventral and posterior regions of the infundibular nuclear complex or in the preoptic region of the hypothalamus resulted in cessation of ovulation, but did not cause complete regression of the ovary and oviduct. In these birds the ovaries and oviducts were reduced somewhat in weight, but the ovarian follicles remained large and laden with yolk. This condition is thought to result from the cessation of the release of luteinizing hormone from the adenohypophysis.