Lens Posterior Capsule Opacification Research Articles

Анализ развития помутнения задней капсулы хрусталика в зависимости от дизайна и материала ИОЛ

Анализ развития помутнения задней капсулы хрусталика в зависимости от дизайна и материала ИОЛ

Capsulotomia YAG laser: indicações, riscos e cuidados.

Posterior lens capsule opacification (PCO) is the most common complication after cataract surgery. Its treatment comprises Nd:YAG laser capsulotomy, which is also indicated in cases of capsular contraction syndrome, capsular bag distension syndrome, and negative dysphotopsia. Although it is a safe procedure, many complications occur when it is applied to patients with PCO. These complications include marks or fissures on the intraocular lens (IOL), increased intraocular pressure, displacement of the IOL, uveitis, cystoid macular edema, retinal detachment, macular hole, retinal hemorrhage, and endophthalmitis. Meticulous cortical cleaning, the IOL inside the capsular bag, continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (which overlaps the optical edge of the 360° IOL), and changes in IOL designs and materials have all helped to decrease the rate of complications associated with PCO treatment. Antiglaucomatous eye drops and topical corticosteroids have also been used to prevent and treat complications associated with the use of Nd:YAG laser.

Вторичные катаракты после внутрикапсульной имплантации интраокулярных линз: патоморфология, патогенез и типы. Сообщение 1.

The review addresses issues of classification, typical morphological processes and pathogenesis of secondary cataract types, as well as patterns of lens posterior capsule folds. Keywords: secondary cataract, lens posterior capsule opacification, cataract surgery, intraocular lens, posterior capsule folds, Nd: YAG laser posterior capsulotomy. For citations: Toropygin S.G., Glushkova E.V. Secondary cataracts after in-the-bag intraocular lens implantation: pathomorphology, pathogenesis and types. Part 1. Russian ophthalmological journal. 2017; 10 (4): 105-12. doi: 10.21516/2072-0076-2017-10-4-105-112 (In Russian).

Antibody-Drug Conjugate (ADC) Research in Ophthalmology--a Review.

Similar to cancer, many ocular proliferative disorders could be treated with a specific antibody conjugated to a toxin. Active targeting to inhibit epithelial and endothelial cell proliferation in the eye has been tested using antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) both pre-clinically and clinically. Achieving efficacious drug concentrations in the eye, in particular to treat back of the eye disorders is challenging, and the promise of targeted antibody mediated delivery holds great potential. In this review, we describe the research efforts in drug targeting using ADC for the treatment of choroidal neovascularization (CNV), posterior lens capsule opacification, and proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Among these disorders, CNV represents a more active research focus, with more target antigens tested, given the disease prevalence and wider target antigen selection based on current understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease. However, the only research advancing to testing in clinical stage is for posterior lens capsule opacification. Compared to oncology, ADC research and development in ophthalmology is much more limited, possibly due to availability of successful therapies that could be administered locally with limited concern of off-target drug toxicity.

Function of integrin β1 lens posterior capsule opacification and its intervention study

Objective To study the effect ofdisintegrins on posterior capsular opacity (PCO),and explore the mechanism of integrin β1 in transdifferentiation of human lens epithelial cells (HLECs).Methods We used immunofluorescence technique to detect the expression of integrin-β 1 during after-cataract,setting up a model of PCO in vitro consisted,to research LECs'proliferation,and using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect changes of integrin-β1 mRNA.ELISA was used to detect TGF-β2 changes to view the influence of them during PCO.We set up a model of PCO by New Zealand white rabbit,observed PCO occurrence and used immunofluorescence technique and RT-PCR to detect the expression of integrin-β1 during after-cataract.At the same time viewed the change of TGF-β2 in aqueous humor.We also set up a vitro model of PCO and used immunofluorescence technique and RT-PCR to detect the expression of integrin-β1 during after-cataract.Results Peplos' becoming turbidity started in 4 weeks later after operation;6 weeks and 8 weeks after operation,turbidity turned heavier.At 6 weeks after operation,the expression of integrin-β1 in peplos was most,and then with reduction,the same with TGF-β2 change.With the extension of time,all the expression of cytokine had declined.Conclusion Integrin can effectively inhibit lens epithelial cell migration,slow down the development of PCO. Key words: Posterior capsular opacity (PCO); Integrin β1; Disintegrins

Experimental study on effects of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor on posterior capsule opacification in rabbits

To determine whether matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor can provide therapeutic effects for rabbits posterior capsule opacification in vivo and to observe the side effects of this drug on surrounding intraocular structures. Experimental research. New Zealand white rabbits were undertaken phacoemulsification operation. GM6001 at different concentrations (100, 200 and 500 µmol/L) and GM6001 negative control liqueur were infused into the capsule bags of the rabbits at the end of operation and two days after the operation. The incidence of posterior capsule opacification was assessed and the histological sections of posterior capsules were observed under microscope 12 weeks after the surgery. The anterior chamber response was observed on day 2 post-operatively. The changes of intraocular pressure were measured by day 2 and day 7. Corneal endothelial cells were observed under scanning electron microscope and iris, ciliary body and retina were observed under microscope on day 7. GM6001 significantly prevented posterior capsule opacification (P = 0.007). No opacification occurred on the rabbit posterior capsule in eyes with 200 and 500 µmol/L GM6001 on week 12 post-operatively in vivo. No cells were found on posterior capsule in 500 µmol/L group, whereas lens epithelial cells and fibroblasts were found in the controls under microscope. No difference of anterior chamber flare between the eyes with GM6001 at different concentrations and the control group (P = 0.380) by day 2 after the operation. The intraocular pressure in eyes with GM6001 was the same as that in the control 2-days (F = 0.642, P = 0.597) and 7-days (F = 0.179, P = 0.909) post-operation. The corneal endothelial cells in eyes with 500 µmol/L GM6001 arranged regularly and did not show any difference from that in the control eyes under scanning electron microscope 7-day after the operation. The iris, ciliary body and retina in eyes with 500 µmol/L GM6001 were normal in appearance 7-day after the operation. MMP inhibitor can prevent posterior capsule opacification effectively in rabbits in vivo and does not cause damage to surrounding intraocular structures, suggesting that MMP inhibitor may become a medication used for the prevention of lens posterior capsule opacification.

Effects of pseudophakic lens capsule opacification on optical coherence tomography of the macula

Purpose. To report observations on the influence of posterior lens capsule opacification on optical coherence tomographic imaging quality and measurements of macular thickness. Methods. The retrospective study included 13 eyes in 12 patients of which 2 eyes had a healthy macula and 11 eyes had maculopathy. In all eyes posterior lens capsule fibrosis was present. A clinical examination including biomicroscopy of the macula and an in-vivo macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) before and after YAG-laser membranotomy had been performed. Results. Foveal retinal thickness before and after membranotomy were highly correlated (R = 0.98), and no systematic difference was found between values obtained before vs. after membranotomy (mean thickness 318.7 ± 92.7 µm vs. 322.2 ± 97.4 µm; p = 0.221). The signal-to-noise ratio increased in 11 out of 13 eyes after membranotomy (mean signal-to-noise ratio before 47.1 ± 6.6 dB vs. 52.6 ± 4.0 dB after; p = 0.004, the change ranging from -1.5 dB to 17 dB). Conclusions. The qualitative effect of the posterior lens capsule opacification on the OCT-scan consists primarily of a loss of signal and consequently of intraretinal detail, whereas total foveal retinal thickness seems to be reliably assessed even when posterior lens capsule opacification interfering with the biomicroscopic evaluation of retinal edema are present. YAG-laser membranotomy results in a measurable improvement in the OCT signal-to-noise ratio, but OCT seems to yield reliable measurements of foveal retinal thickness before treatment. Consequently the OCT seems to reliably diagnose a macular thickening although not the type of this until after removal of the posterior lens capsule opacification.

4918165 Mitotic inhibitor and method for preventing posterior lens capsule opacification after extracapsular extraction: David Soll, Thomsen J Hansen, Ihab Kamel assigned to Ophthalmic Research Corporation; Drexel Universi

4918165 Mitotic inhibitor and method for preventing posterior lens capsule opacification after extracapsular extraction: David Soll, Thomsen J Hansen, Ihab Kamel assigned to Ophthalmic Research Corporation; Drexel Universi

Posterior Lens Capsulectomy during Primary Cataract Surgery in Children

Concern continues about the best and safest method to surgically manage cataracts in children. Posterior capsulectomy and anterior vitrectomy with a vitreous suction cutter eliminates the need for secondary surgery. It is the best method to avoid development of amblyopia resulting from gradual posterior lens capsule opacification. However, cystoid macular edema is reported to occur more frequently with this approach as opposed to leaving the posterior lens capsule intact. Amblyopia, however, at this time may be a greater risk to final visual acuity than cystoid macular edema.