Leisure Life Satisfaction Research Articles

Leisure and Happiness of the Elderly: A Machine Learning Approach

Leisure activities play an important role in improving happiness levels for the elderly. The purpose of this study is to explore leisure-related factors that affect the happiness of the elderly using machine learning algorithms. For this research, the 2019 National Leisure Activity Survey released by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, Republic of Korea, was used to analyze the data of 1769 elders over the age of 65 among 10,060 men and women aged 15 years and older in 17 cities and provinces nationwide, and it went through the process of data preprocessing, data segmentation, prediction model construction and evaluation, and model tuning. According to the findings of the study, the main factors predicting the happiness index of the elderly were leisure life satisfaction, leisure time, whether to use public leisure facilities, leisure policy satisfaction, and leisure activity companionship. The overall findings of this study imply that exploring sustainable policy towards the achievement of sustainable happiness for the elderly is important. Based on these results, policy measures to improve the happiness level of the elderly were discussed.

시니어와 청년의 여가 격차 분석

In an egalitarian society, everyone should be provided with an environment where they can freely enjoy their leisure time and satisfy their leisure needs. However, in reality, the leisure environment for each individual is not equal, resulting in a leisure gap. While leisure utilization is a crucial issue for seniors who have relatively more leisure time, they are known to have lower leisure utilization abilities, leading to a significant leisure gap between seniors and other generations. The purpose of this study is to closely examine the current status of the leisure gap between seniors and youths and demonstrate the leisure disparities. To achieve this, a mixed research method was employed by utilizing the National Survey on Leisure Activities and senior focus group interviews. The analysis of the National Survey on Leisure Activities revealed leisure gaps in nine categories: leisure diversity, leisure cost, leisure time, public leisure resources perception, digital leisure activities, leisure perception, leisure satisfaction, leisure purpose, and leisure activity types. The results of a cross-generational comparative analysis on the factors influencing overall leisure life satisfaction, with the influences of education and income being controlled, revealed a total of 5 common determinants: perceived importance of leisure, sufficiency of leisure time, diversity of leisure activities, sufficiency of information about public leisure programs, and sufficiency of leisure costs. Furthermore, it was confirmed that leisure perception had the greatest impact on seniors' leisure satisfaction, and leisure cost had more influence than leisure time. Suggestions for resolving senior leisure disparities were provided, along with academic and practical implications.

장애인을 돌보는 가구주의 자살생각에 미치는 영향요인

Heads of households who take care of disabled people experience negative prejudice from society along with physical, mental, social and economic burdens throughout their lives. It has been reported that household heads with disabilities who are living with these difficulties are showing up to suicide as a solution to mental problems. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the factors influencing suicidal ideation of household heads with disabilities. For multilateral analysis, it was classified into personal, psychological, and social factors. Therefore, this study set subjective health status and relationship with the disabled as personal factors, depression, self-esteem, and leisure life satisfaction as psychological factors, and the impact of disability on life, disability-related experience, and family strength as social factors. The purpose of this study is to identify the influencing factors on the relationship between the main variables and suicidal ideation. The purpose of this study is to measure the degree of the relationship with suicidal ideation and to identify the factors affecting them through various variables. The data of this study is a secondary data analysis study using raw data from the second panel survey on disabled people's lives, and real numbers and percentages, Chi-Square test, t-test, and logistic regression analysis were performed. As a result of the study, it was found that the level of depression (2.6 times) and the degree of relationship with the disabled (1.73 times) were higher among those who thought about suicide compared to those who did not think of suicide, while the self-esteem (.33 times) and family strengths (.63 times), subjective health status (.45 times), and leisure life satisfaction (.66 times) were low. Based on the above results, it was found that the suicidal ideation of the head of a disabled householder is affected by depression, relationship with the disabled, self-esteem, family health, subjective health status, and leisure life satisfaction. Among the major variables, the most influential variable are depression, the degree of relationship with the disabled, so it is necessary to develop a suicide prevention program for the disabled family using this and to mediate and apply it.

Development of a prediction model for the depression level of the elderly in low-income households: using decision trees, logistic regression, neural networks, and random forest

Korea is showing the fastest trend in the world in population aging; there is a high interest in the elderly population nationwide. Among the common chronic diseases, the elderly tends to have a high incidence of depression. That said, it has been vital to focus on preventing depression in the elderly in advance. Hence, this study aims to select the factors related to depression in low-income seniors identified in previous studies and to develop a prediction model. In this study, 2975 elderly people from low-income families were extracted using the 13th-year data of the Korea Welfare Panel Study (2018). Decision trees, logistic regression, neural networks, and random forest were applied to develop a predictive model among the numerous data mining techniques. In addition, the wrapper’s stepwise backward elimination, which finds the optimal model by removing the least relevant factors, was applied. The evaluation of the model was confirmed via accuracy. It was verified that the final prediction model, in the case of a decision tree, showed the highest predictive power with an accuracy of 97.3%. Second, psychological factors, leisure life satisfaction, social support, subjective health awareness, and family support ranked higher than demographic factors influencing depression. Based on the results, an approach focused on psychological support is much needed to manage depression in low-income seniors. As predicting depression in the elderly varies on numerous influencing factors, using a decision tree may be beneficial to establish a firm prediction model to identify vital factors causing depression in the elderly population.

Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction in Leisure and Academics of Chinese International Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Subjective well-being (SWB) of university students is an important topic as mental health issues are common among them. Especially, Chinese international students may encounter heightened stress and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic along with anti-Asian hate crimes. Basic Psychological Need Theory suggests the satisfaction of autonomy, competence, and relatedness needs enhances SWB, and research shows these needs are met in leisure and academic lives. Thus, this study examines how need satisfaction during leisure and academics relates to SWB of Chinese international students. Through a cross-sectional online survey, we collected data from 444 students at a Canadian university. Structural equation modeling suggested autonomy satisfaction in leisure positively predicted leisure life satisfaction, and autonomy and competence satisfaction in academics positively affected academic life satisfaction. Leisure and academic life satisfaction had comparable positive effects on global life satisfaction. We advocate for need support in campus recreation and academics to support student mental health.

국내 여성 여가활동 참가자의 여가참여 특성이 여가생활 만족에 미치는 영향: 여성가족 패널조사 7차, 8차 결과를 중심으로

국내 여성 여가활동 참가자의 여가참여 특성이 여가생활 만족에 미치는 영향: 여성가족 패널조사 7차, 8차 결과를 중심으로

Happiness Levels and Leisure Life Satisfaction for Sports Leisure Activities Participation: Implication for Physical Education in Korea.

The study aimed to analyze happiness levels and leisure life satisfaction related to participation in sports leisure activities, and the differences in satisfaction levels by the type of participation events and participants' demographic backgrounds. This study was based on the 2020 Korea National Leisure Activities Survey using stratified multistage cluster sampling with a population over the age of 15 years and a nationwide survey. Moreover, a household visit interview survey was conducted from September 7 to November 16, 2020. A total of 10,088 people (5,003 males and 5,085 females) responded to the survey. Frequency analysis, chi-square test, independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance were performed. The analysis of the distribution of participants and the happiness level and overall leisure life satisfaction between participants in sports and non-sports leisure activities showed significant differences (P<0.05). Participants in sports leisure activities had higher levels of happiness and satisfaction with leisure activities than those in non-sports leisure activities. There were significant differences in satisfaction with participation in sports leisure activities by type of sports, age, educational level, marital status, and household income level (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in participation in sports leisure activities by type of sports, age, educational level, marital status, and household income level, and the satisfaction level of participants in sports leisure activities differed according to these factors. This suggests that various educational efforts are required to combine physical education with sports leisure activities in school.

"Leisure Life Satisfaction:" Will It Have a Beneficial Impact on Depression Among Older Adults in Community Care Settings in Korea?

ObjectivesWhile the risk of depression is expected to substantially increase among older adults receiving community care, leisure life satisfaction can be regarded as a key component in enhancing the mental health of those receiving community care. However, it is not yet known whether community care utilization increases the risk of depression, or what role is played by leisure life satisfaction in these settings. This study investigated the relationship between community care utilization and depression, as well as the main effect and the moderating role of leisure life satisfaction on the link between community care utilization and depression among older adults.MethodsThis study, using the 2019 Korean Welfare Panel Survey, conducted multiple regression analysis on data from 4494 elderly people aged 65 years or older.ResultsAfter controlling for potential covariates, older community care recipients were more likely to report symptoms of depression than those who did not receive community care. Meanwhile, leisure life satisfaction was negatively associated with depression in older adults. The test for interaction between community care utilization and leisure life satisfaction revealed that leisure life satisfaction significantly attenuated the link between depression and community care utilization.ConclusionsThe findings of this study imply that leisure life satisfaction could play a meaningful role in improving the mental health of older adults receiving community care. Welfare policies affecting older adults should consider leisure life satisfaction as an important resource for reducing depression in community care settings.

The effects of health status, leisure life, and social relationship satisfaction on depression of elderly people who live alone

The increasing number of elderly people who live alone has raised serious social issues such as isolation, care problems, and lonely death. In particular, since elderly people who live alone have a higher rate of depression than general elderly people due to disconnection from good health and social life, it is necessary to promote health, form a social network, and increase leisure activities to prevent depression. Therefore, this study used data from the Korea Welfare Panel in 2020 and conducted a regression analysis to determine how much the health status, leisure life, and social relationship satisfaction of senior citizens who live alone explain the degree of depression. As a result of this study, it was found that the higher the education level of elderly people who live alone, the lower the feeling of depression, and the worse the health status, the higher the depression. The effect of education level on depression was significant with adjusted R2 .020 (p&gt;.001), but the impact was not so great. However, in the regression model with health status added, ΔR2 increased by .151, confirming the effect of health status on depression. The explanatory power of the regression model, in which the variables of social relationship satisfaction and leisure life satisfaction were added, showed that the adjusted R2 was .203 (p&gt;.001). That means that the higher the satisfaction with the social relationship and the higher the satisfaction with leisure activities, the lower the level of depression. Based on the results of analysis, this study proposes measures to prevent and respond to depression of elderly people who live alone.

The Effects of Leisure Life Satisfaction on Subjective Wellbeing under the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Role of Stress Relief

Under the continuous spread of COVID-19 infection, individuals are finding their own ways to manage their stress and subjective wellbeing. The main objective of this research is to test the role of leisure life satisfaction on one’s subjective wellbeing in the era of COVID-19 as mediated by stress relief. Individuals’ satisfaction with leisure life is hypothesized to both directly and indirectly affect their subjective wellbeing as mediated by relieved stress. The positive impact of stress relief on one’s subjective wellbeing is hypothesized to be moderated by the perceived seriousness of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data from a large-scale social survey in South Korea (N = 40,085) were used to test the hypotheses and the results confirmed them. Theoretical and managerial implications that stress the importance of the strategic management of one’s leisure life are discussed.

한국 노동자의 여가생활 만족도 연구

초록·키워드 목차 오류제보하기 The purpose of this study was identify the factors of job and leisure resources that affect the leisure life satisfaction of workers. For the analysis of this study, the original data of the "2019 National Leisure Survey" presented by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism were used, and data of 5,455 worker were analyzed. For data analysis, SPSS ver 23.0 was used and descriptive statistics and hierarchical regression analysis were conducted. As a result of the analysis, the relative influence of job factors on leisure life satisfaction were in the order of working hours, number of vacation days, Whether to work five-day workweek, workers’ employment status. The relative influence of leisure resources factors on leisure life satisfaction were in the order of leisure time on weekdays, leisure time on weekends, leisure costs. Practice and policy level suggestions to raise leisure life satisfaction of the workers were made based on the study results. #worker #leisure #leisure life satisfaction #hierarchical regression analysis AbstractⅠ. 서론Ⅱ. 연구방법Ⅲ. 결과Ⅳ. 논의Ⅴ. 결론참고문헌

직장인의 고용형태에 따른 여가 만족도 비교 분석

This study aims to analyze the difference in leisure life satisfaction according to workers’ employment status. For the analysis of this study, 3,267 cases in wage workers were analyzed in the raw data of "2019 National Leisure Survey" presented by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism. For data analysis, SPSS ver 23.0 was used and frequency analysis, chi-square test and t-test were performed. As a result of this study, There were significant differences in the most satisfactory leisure activities according to workers’ employment status. There was a significant difference the overall leisure life satisfaction according to workers’ employment status and the overall leisure life satisfaction of regular workers were analyzed to be higher than non-regular workers. Leisure policy satisfaction of regular workers were relatively analyzed to be higher than non-regular workers. There was a significant difference leisure facility satisfaction according to workers’ employment status and leisure facility satisfaction of regular workers were analyzed to be higher than non-regular workers. There were significant differences in leisure life dissatisfaction factors according to workers’ employment status. These results implicitly show the leisure inequality between regular and non-regular workers.

Panel analysis on the changes in the quality of life of the divorced elderly

In this study, a panel analysis was conducted by combining the 2013 Korea Welfare Panel data and 2018 data to examine the differences in the quality of life of the divorced elderly and the difference between the married elderly. To this end, I analyzed data from 3,049 married elderly and 149 divorced seniors among 3,098 married persons over 60 years of age in the eighth Wave of Korea Welfare Panel 2013. The frequency, reliability, cross tab, paired t-test and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were performed using SPSS 21.0. First, the change in marital status of the elderly was not significant. Second, the divorced elderly were adjusting to life after divorce. In other words, income satisfaction, family relationship satisfaction, child relationship satisfaction, leisure life satisfaction, and life satisfaction were all positively changed in 2018 compared to 2013. Third, the divorced elderly had a lower quality of life compared to the married elderly. In other words, despite the positive change in quality of life for five years after divorce, the income satisfaction, family relationship satisfaction, child relationship satisfaction, social relationship satisfaction, and leisure life satisfaction were all lower than those of married elderly people were. It is important to find ways to improve the quality of life after divorce. Efforts are needed to reduce negative social perceptions about divorce in old age. And, alternative family linkages are needed.

여가시간과 여가공간의 만족이 여가 생활 만족에 미치는 영향

This study examines the influences of satisfaction of leisure time and space (i.e., public and private leisure spaces) on overall leisure life satisfaction, after controlling for respondents’demographic, socio-economic, and geographical characteristics. Based on the data from 2019 National Leisure Activity Survey, this study performed a series of analysis, including descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The results of the analyses indicate that leisure time was more significantly related to respondents’ overall leisure life satisfaction than leisure spaces. Particularly, leisure time satisfaction during weekday largely influenced on the overall leisure life satisfaction compared to leisure time satisfaction during weekend. Regarding public and private leisure spaces, the influences of the two different spaces were inconsistent. While public space was significantly related to the leisure life satisfaction, the influence of the private space was greater than the public space, when applying the mean value of the summed scored of three question items of the private spaces into a regression analysis. The result reveals that leisure life satisfaction is likely to be enhanced by those collaborative efforts from both public and private leisure spaces, although leisure time was the most important consideration for leisure life satisfaction.

노인의 여가생활 특성과 여가자원이 여가생활만족도 및 행복감에 미치는 영향: 가구형태에 따른 차이 분석을 중심으로

This study is intended to research leisure life characteristics of the elderly and to analyze whether the leisure time and leisure cost, which are representative leisure resources, have a differentiated effect on their leisure life satisfaction and happiness by household types. The main analysis results are as follows: First, the leisure time of the elderly increases compared to those of age 64 and under, but the expenditure on leisure decreases drastically, which indicates the leisure time and cost are not directly proportional. Second, the leisure activities the elderly engage in the most are concentrated in relaxing activities, but the rate of participation in hobby activities, sports activities and cultural art performance viewing activities is very low. Third, the increase of leisure time and leisure cost does not have a significant effect on the leisure life satisfaction of the elderly of single-person household, but they have a statically significant effect on the improvement of leisure life satisfaction for the elderly of two and more people household. Fourth, the increase of leisure cost has a positive effect on the happiness of the elderly of single-person household and two and more people household, but the increase of leisure time lowers the happiness of the elderly of single-person household statistically significantly. The results show that the elder have enough leisure time, which is a core leisure resource, but it cannot be used as meaningful time to improve the quality of life especially for the elderly of single-person household.

How does travel link to life satisfaction for senior tourists?

This study intends to understand the impact of travel on life satisfaction for seniors by examining the relationship between travel motivations, travel constraints, travel satisfaction, leisure life satisfaction (LLS), and overall life satisfaction (OLS). Five hundred and nine elderly tourists in China were surveyed to achieve the objectives of the study. Structural equation modeling was used to test the relationships among these constructs. The results show that motivations positively affect travel satisfaction. However, constraints do not impact travel satisfaction. Motivations and travel satisfaction positively influence LLS and OLS, while constraints only negatively influence OLS. In addition, LLS contributes to OLS among elderly Chinese tourists. This study further explores the moderating roles of travel duration and frequency in the proposed framework. Implications and recommendations are provided based on the results of the study.

A Preregistered Study of the Effect of Shopping Satisfaction during Leisure Travel on Satisfaction with Life Overall: The Mitigating Role of Financial Concerns

Despite growing interest in leisure well-being and life satisfaction, there is still limited research concerning the role of perceived financial status on leisure travel experiences. The main objective of this preregistered research is to test the prediction that satisfaction with shopping experience during leisure travel contributes to the satisfaction hierarchy moderated by financial concerns. Through two surveys of online panel members in the United Kingdom, we found that satisfaction with shopping has a positive influence on satisfaction with leisure travel, which in turn has a positive influence on satisfaction with leisure life and life overall. We also corroborated that the shopping satisfaction–leisure travel satisfaction relationship is negatively moderated by overspending on shopping during travel, while the leisure travel satisfaction–leisure life satisfaction relationship is negatively moderated by current money management stress. Finally, expected future financial security has a direct positive influence on life satisfaction overall. Theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.

A Study on the Relationship between Digital Informatization Level and Leisure Life Satisfaction of Low Income

A Study on the Relationship between Digital Informatization Level and Leisure Life Satisfaction of Low Income

The Relationship among the Leisure Life Satisfaction Level, School Life Satisfaction Level, and Employment Desire of Students in the Vocational Courses of Special Schools

The Relationship among the Leisure Life Satisfaction Level, School Life Satisfaction Level, and Employment Desire of Students in the Vocational Courses of Special Schools

A study on the relationship between leisure life satisfaction, elderhostel program recognition, and participation intentions : Focussed on “whoopees” in Korea

이 연구는 선진국에서 인기가 있는 Elderhostel 프로그램을 한국에 소개하기 위해 조사 목적으로 수행되었다. OECD 회원국과 비교하여 노령 인구가 급격히 증가하고 있으며, 특히 노령 인구가 많은 고령자를 위한 복지 혜택이 있는 체계적인 조치가 필요하다. 이 연구는 Elderhostel 프로그램의 여가 생활 및 인지 및 참여 의도에 대한 만족도에 영향을 미치는 관계를 결정하기 위해 조사되었다. 전국적으로 65세 이상인 사람들에게 520개의 설문지가 배포되었고, 504 개의 설문지가 수집되어 분석되었다. 3가지 가설을 세우고 회귀분석을 통해 다음과 같은 몇 가지 함축을 공제했다. 첫째, 한국의 후피즈는 여가 생활에 대한 만족도와 인지 및 Elderhostel 프로그램의 참여 의도에 대해 시험적이며 부정적인 방향으로 채택되어 영향을 미치고 있다(가설 1과 2). 둘째, Elderhostel 프로그램에 대한인지는 Elderhostel 프로그램의 참여 의도에 대한 영향력 있는 관계를 가지며, 이는 시험 될 가설 3이며 부정적인 방향을 채택했습니다. 결론적으로 Elderhostel 프로그램의 높은 인지도와 참여 의도는 여가 생활의 만족도가 낮을수록 낮습니다. 엘더호스텔(Elderhostel)의 높은 인지는 그들이 가지고 있는 강한 참여 의도의 프로그램이다.