Legislative Program Research Articles

ДЕКОНСТРУКЦИЯ И РЕКОНФИГУРАЦИЯ ГЕНДЕРНОГО ДИСКУСА В КАЗАХСТАНЕ: АНАЛИЗ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИХ ВЕКТОРОВ

This article provides an in-depth analysis of the deconstruction and reconfiguration of gender discourse in Kazakhstan, based on an examination of current political vectors guiding transformations in the field of gender relations. The central task of the study is to identify key factors influencing the transformation of gender policy in Kazakhstan against the backdrop of global changes and modernization processes taking place in the country. The article examines the stages of the evolution of gender policy, starting from the post-Soviet period, when Kazakhstan began integrating into international organizations, paying special attention to promoting gender equality. Special attention is given to analyzing the interaction between national and international norms in the context of gender policy formation, as well as adapting global initiatives to local conditions. Structural issues, such as the insufficient institutionalization of gender strategies and the slow progress in achieving real gender equality, are highlighted. The article discusses both normative achievements, including the adoption of new legislative measures and programs, and the challenges of their implementation in the face of socio-economic and cultural barriers. The research is based on a comprehensive approach, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative methods of analysis. Data from international studies, statistical reports, and qualitative interviews with key stakeholders involved in the gender policy-making process are utilized. A comparative analysis of Kazakhstan’s gender initiatives with similar processes in other post-Soviet countries is also presented. In conclusion, the article offers prospects for the further development of gender policy in Kazakhstan, including potential strategic directions for deepening the integration of gender equality into the country's social, political, and economic spheres. The author hypothesizes that successful promotion of gender equality requires not only political will but also a profound transformation of societal attitudes and practices, which can be achieved through a strengthened interdisciplinary approach and active engagement of civil society.

Bishops, Canon Law and Governance in Tenth-Century England: the Constitutiones of Oda of Canterbury

This article challenges the view that canon law was insignificant in the development of tenth-century English administrative and judicial institutions through a new study of Oda of Canterbury's Constitutiones, an important but neglected episcopal capitulary. Particular attention is paid to Oda's sources, the text's place in the legislative programme of King Edmund and the influence of wider European approaches to episcopal justice. The article shows that Oda's statutes endorsed an emerging system of collaborative justice between secular and ecclesiastical elites, thus demonstrating that tenth-century English governance was informed by a wider range of normative legal traditions than usually thought.

PERBANDINGAN PELAKSANAAN FUNGSI LEGISLASI ANTARA DEWAN PERWAKILAN RAKYAT DI INDONESIA DAN REPRESENTATIVES DI URUGUAY

A democratic state is characterized by the sovereignty of the people, where the highest power lies with the citizens. One manifestation of this sovereignty is the role of representative bodies in the legislative process. This study examines the role of the Indonesian House of Representatives and the Representatives in Uruguay in the law-making process, and evaluates their legislative performance. The research employs normative legal methodology, with descriptive writing, and uses secondary data. The result and Conclusions are drawn using deductive logic. The study finds that the Indonesian House of Representatives has a national legislative program that includes draft laws, while the Representatives in Uruguay do not have such a program. In Indonesia, 24 out of 247 draft laws in the 2020-2024 period were successfully enacted, whereas in Uruguay, 412 draft laws were passed into law during the same period.

Urban resilience at multi levels: reciprocally from the local level to the sky

Abstract Climate change, growing social inequalities as well as hazards of ecological and economic origin will dominate the life of all of us – wherever we live. The global community demands in this context that ‘no one shall be left behind’. The factors of influence mentioned do not stop at administrative borders though. They interact with all levels of governance and are, in fact, relevant not only for cities and communities but also for regions, nations and supranations. Taking this relation as given would mean pursuing a multi-level approach towards urban resilience (and sustainability). The paper discusses a respective approach, which some countries have chosen in cooperation with their cities and communities to better understand the requirements for a resilient urban future and thus develop and implement adequate tools as well as coordinate and continuously enhance respective processes. Tools in that respect would refer to legislation and funding programmes in the same way as processes could address the notion of cooperation and coproduction. Urban pilot projects, like the ones on post-COVID-19-Pandemic conditions, might serve as reference points for addressing multi-level actions in practice by both, a national and a local level, and thus supporting cities and communities in strengthening their resilience against multiple crises.

Double Disillusion: Legal and Political Aspects of the 1974 Double Dissolution

One of the great unanswered questions of the Commonwealth Constitution is whether the House of Representatives and Senate are equal or whether one ultimately has more power than the other. The Whitlam Labor government elected in 1972 faced a Senate elected in 1967 and 1970. Despite Senate obstruction, Whitlam proceeded with an ambitious legislative programme through 1973 and into 1974. By April 1974, six bills appeared to provide a “trigger” for the use of the Section 57 deadlock resolution procedure in the Constitution. Section 57 provides that if a bill has been twice passed by the House of Representatives and twice rejected by the Senate, the Governor‐General can dissolve both houses and an election is held. If the government is returned and wishes to proceed with the trigger bills, it can again pass them through the House and if they are again rejected by the Senate, the Governor‐General can convene a joint sitting of the two houses at which, if the bill is approved by an absolute majority, it is deemed to be passed. Major obstruction in the Senate, including a threat by the Opposition to block supply, led Whitlam to seek a double dissolution, hoping to gain a majority in both houses or, failing that, the opportunity to pass the trigger bills at a joint sitting. The ensuing election saw the return of the Whitlam government in the House but continuing to lack a majority in the Senate. This led to the only joint sitting in federal history, in which all six trigger bills were passed. But there was a constitutional sting in the tail when the Petroleum and Minerals Authority Act was subsequently found by the High Court not to have been validly passed. This case is argued to have made s57 potentially unworkable. The 1974 double dissolution stands in stark contrast to the 1975 double dissolution, which is argued here to be its “Evil Twin.” There have been three further double dissolutions since 1975: 1983, 1987, and 2016, but no more joint sittings. In 1987, there was set to be a joint sitting on the proposal for an identity card, but this was thwarted on a technicality. So the 1974 double dissolution achieved the objective of breaking a deadlock but at the cost of revealing a way for a determined Senate to make s57 unworkable.

Perceptions and Bias of Small Business Leaders in Employing People with Different Types of Disabilities

PurposeDespite existing employment-related legislation and governmental programs, people with disabilities continue to face significant barriers to competitive employment. These obstacles are partially due to biases among employers regarding the contributions of people with disabilities and perceptions about accommodation costs, which can affect their hiring decisions. Existing research on employment barriers and facilitators often treats people with disabilities homogenously and focuses mainly on large companies. This study helps to fill these gaps by exploring the motivations and challenges small employers face when hiring people with disabilities and how their attitudes and willingness to hire vary based on disability type.MethodsWe surveyed business owners and decision-makers at companies with fewer than 100 employees resulting in a sample of 393 company respondents. Through descriptive analyses, we examined variations in respondents’ willingness to hire and the prevailing attitudes among the company leaders sampled. We explored how employer attitudes can either hinder or support the hiring of people with disabilities. We conducted multivariate analysis to explore the connections among attitudinal barriers, facilitators, and willingness to hire individuals with various disabilities, reflecting disability’s heterogeneous nature.ResultsOur findings reveal that, in terms of hiring people with disabilities, the most important concerns among employers are: inability to discipline, being unfamiliar with how to hire and accommodate, and uncertainty over accommodation costs. These concerns do not differ between employers covered by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and non-covered employers. However, ADA-coverage may make a difference as ADA-covered employers are more likely to say they would hire an applicant with a disability. We find that for small companies (less than 15 employees), the positive effect of the facilitators (positive perceptions about workers with disabilities) almost completely offsets the negative effect of the barriers. However, for the larger companies, the marginal effect for an additional barrier is significantly more predictive than for an additional facilitator. Among the disabilities we examined, employers are least likely to hire someone with blindness, followed by mental health disabilities, intellectual disabilities, deafness, and physical disabilities, underscoring that employers do not view all types of disabilities as equally desirable at work.ConclusionsUnderstanding small employers’ underlying concerns and effectively addressing those factors is crucial for developing effective intervention strategies to encourage small employers to hire and retain people with different disabilities. Our results suggest greater openness among ADA-covered employers to hiring people with disabilities, but the perceived barriers indicate a need for ongoing information on effective intervention strategies to increase disability hiring among all small employers.

The Making of a Reserve Army of Labor: Paradoxes of American Disability Policy

Since the 1980s, despite much United States legislation to promote the employment of people with disabilities and reduce their reliance on government benefits, employment rates among people with disabilities have fallen while rates of disability benefits receipt have risen. I conducted historical research on two sites of contradiction in the state treatment of disability: (1) antidiscrimination legislation and (2) disability benefits. I show that the goals of antidiscrimination legislation were undercut by court interpretations of this legislation, while cyclical expansion and contraction of disability benefits produced haphazard integration of recipients into the labor force and inhibited cessation of benefits. These findings demonstrate that the legislative push for the labor market inclusion of disabled people, undertaken simultaneous to ongoing labor market exclusion with roots in the very same legislative program, led to the incorporation of disabled people into the labor market on contingent terms. Contradictions in disability employment policy have thus constituted people with disabilities as a labor force suited to the precarious positions characteristic of economic restructuring. This argument develops Marxist theories of disability, conceptualizing disabled people as a reserve army of labor malleable to the needs of capital.

Identifying the Correlates of Individual, Peer and Systemic Advocacy Among Parents of Children with Disabilities Who are Interested in Civic Engagement

AbstractParent advocacy is often critical for families of individuals with disabilities. Prior research has suggested that parent advocacy occurs across three levels: individual, peer, and systemic. Yet, little empirical research has identified the correlates of advocacy for each level. For this study, we examined the survey responses of 246 parents of individuals with disabilities who were interested in participating in a legislative advocacy program. Analyses included hierarchical regressions to identify the correlates of individual, peer, and systemic advocacy. Parents of children with autism were significantly more likely to engage in individual advocacy. Parents who identified as Black (versus other racial groups) advocated significantly more on a systemic level. Further, malleable factors such as empowerment and motivation correlated positively with advocacy. Implications for research and practice are discussed.

POLITICAL LEGAL FORMATION OF LEGAL REGULATIONS USING THE CARRY-OVER MECHANISM AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF GOOD GOVERNMENT

Legal politics in the formation of a draft law into law requires a mechanism with a process that is not simple. The process of forming statutory regulations is regulated in Law Number 15 of 2019 concerning the Formation of Legislative Regulations. The planning and preparation stage begins with the National Legislation Program (Prolegnas). In the Prolegnas, it is planned and prepared an agenda for any bills which will be the task of the House of Representatives to be discussed for the next 1 (one) to 5 (five) years and are only valid during the term of office of the DPR in that period. Therefore, a mechanism for "inheriting" the bill from the previous period to the next period is needed to ensure the continuity of the bill discussion process or it can be called a " carry-over " mechanism which basically has the main objective of continuing the discussion of the bill so that it reaches the enactment stage. raised in this paper is "What is the process of forming legislation with a carry-over mechanism and its relationship to the general principles of good governance?" The research method used in this journal is normative legal research method, which refers to legal norms contained in laws and court decisions, as well as legal norms prevailing in society. The results of this research show that Prolegnas, as the first step in determining what bills can be drafted using the carry over concept , is a form of legal politics in the formation of laws. It is hoped that the formation of laws through the carry-over concept can perfect the process of forming laws and regulations that pay attention to the effectiveness and sustainability of development planning and are in accordance with the formation of good laws and regulations. Keywords: Legal Politics, Draft Law, Carry-Over.

Psychological aftermath: Exploring the role of the woman as a leader in the Greek monoparental family: Review

Objective: To reassess the social problem of the socially vulnerable group named women leaders of monoparental families in terms of legislation, allowance policy and job benefits, among others. Design: Systematic review. Data sources: 18 electronic and book references as well as high impact journals without geographical restriction up to December 2011 were gathered from International organisations including the EU and OECD. Review methods: A reviewer applied inclusion criteria and extracted data from the latest available reports on monoparental families of Eurostat and OECD. The data came from low-, middle-, and high-income countries. Statistical rates for the proportion of the monoparental families on an international level as well as their possibility of falling below the limit of poverty were employed. Comparison was drawn between two countries under Troika’s surveillance. Results: The search identified 2 scientific researches pertaining to the hardships women as leaders of monoparental families encounter. One was conducted from the Research Center for Equality Issues and the other was published in the journal the Rostrum of Asclepius. All outcomes were self reported. It was found that the most severe problems that women as leaders of monoparental families encounter are health ones, the caring and guarding of their children as well as their professional settlement. Yet, the most vital one is the lack of allowance policy. This approach bears fruits in Ireland. It is mandatory that allowance policy along with implementation of other social structures to form a basis for the support of the monoparental families. Conclusion: Future policy concerning monoparental families must focus on establishing legislation and intervention programs that will assist the woman as a leader of the monoparental family to be assimilated in the society. Allowance policy for the mother/father must be reinforced and not abandoned as it happens nowadays.

Informing Policy and Responding to Crisis

This article explores historians’ role in shaping public policy amid crises through the programs of the Idaho State Historical Society (ISHS). ISHS navigated the post-2008 recession, aligning with the History Relevance Campaign to redefine history’s societal value and develop a legislative outreach program. This article encapsulates the ISHS’s journey and history’s power—through the agency’s new briefing paper program—to inform, unite, guide policy, and promote informed governance. The article describes the author’s workflow, which features traditional research methodology and adaptable project management philosophies and stresses the value of searchable research libraries as a framework for historians to manage multiple projects.

Implications of abortion legislation on birth defect surveillance

AbstractBackgroundSurveillance of birth defects is critical to track prevalence and inform prevention efforts. Previous studies suggest that restricting abortion may lead to an increase in birth defect prevalence. However, it is unclear how abortion legislation will impact birth defect prevalence estimates reported by state‐based surveillance programs.MethodsWe described current abortion legislation and surveillance program methodology, by state, as a foundation for understanding the program‐level impact on surveillance. We estimated the quantitative effect of abortion legislation on birth defect prevalence for various scenarios using first‐order Monte Carlo simulation. Finally, we discuss the implications for interpreting birth defect prevalence estimates following abortion legislation.ResultsAmong states that restrict abortion ≤18 weeks and have a surveillance program (N = 19), eight programs (42%) capture elective terminations (<20 weeks) and 17 (89%) include fetal deaths (≥20 weeks) in their estimates. Abortion bans increased the prevalence of any birth defect by 16.6%, 15.8%, and 8.7% for systems with live births only, all outcomes ≥20‐weeks, and all outcomes ≥10‐weeks, respectively. We found the largest change in prevalence for anencephaly with an estimated 32.5% increase among systems with live births only.ConclusionsAbortion legislation is likely to further exacerbate the difficulties of multi‐state birth defect research and surveillance, while also hindering analysis of intra‐state prevalence trends. Birth defect surveillance systems in states with abortion bans may wish to consider monitoring and reporting changes in pregnancy outcomes and infant survival, in addition to birth defect prevalence, to inform public health and health care service needs.

Food Insecurity, Cardiometabolic Risk and Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review and Call for Action

Food insecurity and insufficient access to affordable nutrition have been associated with increased risk for the development of multiple chronic medical conditions, including cardiovascular disease. In this narrative review, we explore the association between food insecurity and the development of chronic medical conditions that confer increased cardiometabolic risk, cardiovascular disease, and mortality. We also identify the various barriers leading to food insecurity and lack of food literacy, with an emphasis on patients with high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, stroke, congestive heart failure, and coronary heart disease. We discuss recent developments in legislation and public policies and programs designed to expand our understanding and reduce food insecurity at the local, regional, national, and international levels, and identify opportunities for future research and innovation.

Ecological importance of low-order streams to macroinvertebrate community composition in Afromontane headwater streams

Low-order streams contribute to the abiotic and biotic character of large rivers and are renowned for harboring unique forms of aquatic flora and fauna. However, most studies on headwater streams mainly focus on the mainstems and overlook the contribution of the tributary systems. Moreover, low-order streams are generally overlooked in legislation and bioassessment programs, and consequently not protected in many countries. To contribute to the recognition of the ecological importance of low-orders streams, this study focused on determining whether river network characteristics and associated physico-chemical parameters can be used to effectively predict the variabilities in macroinvertebrate assemblage characteristics between first-order and second-order streams in the headwaters of the Nzoia River Basin, Kenya. The study quantified the structural and functional community composition, diversity, similarity, and richness of macroinvertebrate communities between the two river systems. Dissolved oxygen, coarse particulate organic matter, conductivity, stream width, depth, discharge and flow velocity were the main predictors of the diversity and distribution of macroinvertebrates in the first order and second-order streams. The first order streams recorded higher abundance of macroinvertebrates than the second-order streams. Taxa from families Ephydridae, Elmidae, Gomphidae, and genera Euthraulus, Neoperla, Orthothrichia and Prosopistoma were limited to the second-order stream sites while families Ceratopogonidae, Pisuliidae, Dytiscidae and genus Trichosetodes occurred exclusively in the first-order stream sites. Collector-filterers and collector-gatherers were the most abundant functional feeding groups (FFGs) in the two river systems. Scrapers were abundant in the second-order stream while shredders were abundant in the first order streams. The distinctness in the structural and functional composition of macroinvertebrates between the two river systems suggests that linkages among streams in a network as exemplified in the Nzoia River Basin, support and foster biodiversity.

CROWD ECONOMY AS A SOCIAL WELFARE CATALYST: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

In the context of a post-industrial economy and global socio-economic challenges, the crowd economy plays a crucial role in shaping new approaches to social welfare. The relevance of this topic lies in the need to understand how digital technologies and collaborative initiatives can contribute to a fairer distribution of resources and improve the quality of life of disadvantaged groups. The subject of the study is the crowd economy and its various forms, including crowdfunding, crowdsourcing, collaborative consumption, open innovation, etc., with a focus on their impact on social welfare and living standards in society. The aim is to analyse the mechanisms and forms of the crowd economy and to assess its impact on social welfare, taking into account the opportunities and challenges it presents to contemporary society. Methodology. The research takes an integrated approach, incorporating theories of political economy and social innovation. The methodological framework includes a review of academic literature and case studies to synthesise researchers' findings on different forms of crowd economy. The types of crowd economy studied include popular forms such as crowdfunding, crowdinvesting, crowdsourcing, crowdstaffing, resource sharing, open innovation and decentralised production, among others. Main reasons. Empirical evidence confirms that the crowd economy offers new opportunities to improve the effectiveness of social initiatives, ensure the availability and rational use of resources, stimulate citizen participation and volunteering, and improve living conditions. However, it also poses regulatory challenges and raises concerns about participants' rights, unequal access to digital platforms and limited resources. A balanced approach is therefore essential to integrate crowd economy practices into the broader context of socio-economic development. Conclusion. The crowd economy is driving contemporary economic development and offers an alternative way to address economic and social inequality. However, it is crucial to take pragmatic steps to create national policies and legislative programmes that encourage and protect its participants. By highlighting the potential of the crowd sector to improve social welfare, particularly in countries with unstable economies, the study underscores the importance of a holistic approach that includes robust legal regulation and public awareness.

Restraint use within vehicles transporting child occupants in Dubai, United Arab Emirates: An observational study

ObjectiveThis observation study aimed to describe the frequency and type of restraint use for child occupants within private motor vehicles in the emirate of Dubai in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). MethodsAn overt, on-road observation study was conducted by trained observers who recorded the restraint use of the occupants while travelling in private motor vehicles with at least one child aged approximately ten years and younger in Dubai. ResultsOverall, 2000 vehicles were observed transporting 2940 child occupants estimated to be aged 10 years and younger. Over one-half of the drivers were observed to be using their seatbelt (60.0%) and over one-half of front-seat passengers were observed to be using their seatbelt (53.3%). One-half of the observed child occupants were unrestrained (51.7%), and a further 8.3 percent were seated unrestrained on an adult's lap. Based on the seating position and restraint type within the vehicle, child restraint use was classified into appropriate, seatbelt and inappropriate use, and the results showed that more than one-half of the child occupants were inappropriately restrained (59.9%). There was a significant relationship between the driver's seatbelt use and inappropriate restraint use for at least one child occupant in the vehicle (χ2 (1) = 75.450, p < 0.001). Unrestrained drivers were more likely to have at least one inappropriately restrained child in their vehicle (28.4%) than to have all children appropriately restrained (8.8%). ConclusionsDespite the introduction of child restraint system (CRS) legislation in 2017 that mandated the use of CRS for child occupants aged four years and younger while travelling in a private motor vehicle in the UAE, this study observed a high proportion of unrestrained or inappropriately restrained child occupants than expected. These findings highlight an urgent need for greater enforcement of this legislation and awareness programs about the significant injury risks for unrestrained or inappropriately restrained child occupants in the UAE.

The Francovich Principle as the Basis of State Responsibility for Laborer Loss Due to Company Bankruptcy

&lt;div class="WordSection1"&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The absence of legal certainty in the application of the pari passu pro rata parte principle in the distribution of bankrupt accounts in Indonesia has given rise to uncertainty regarding the protection of the rights of laborers whose employers or companies have faced bankruptcy. This article considers that Indonesia requires a set of formulations enabling the state to provide legal protection for the rights of laborers affected by employer or company bankruptcy. The article explores the feasibility of adopting the Francovich Principle in Indonesia, defining it as a principle holding the state accountable for the losses incurred by laborers due to company bankruptcies. The article concludes that several conditions must be met to apply the Francovich Principle, including the establishment of a guarantee institution, the obligation for financial contributions from companies, and the implementation of specific measures to prevent abuse. The state’s effort to adopt the Francovich Principle involves establishing a priority scale in drafting laws related to the Francovich Principle into the Priority National Legislation Program. Furthermore, the government needs to revitalize institutions related to the Francovich Principle within the national legal and regulatory system&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

Tinjauan Politik Hukum Oposisi dalam Pembentukan Undang-Undang Pemberantasan Korupsi

The election of President Jokowi Dodo to the political elite seems to show intimacy in terms of policy formation. This can be seen in the formation of the draft KPK law which is basically not included in the national legislative program but was promulgated in a very short time and with a substance that seems to weaken Ad Hoc institutions. The Corruption Eradication Commission Bill has been passed and if changes are desired, it must involve all components of society, both legal experts and students. Seeing this, there is an instant and legal option, namely the establishment of government regulations in lieu of law. However, political conditions speak otherwise, in which all political parties do not want a Perpu. The role of the opposition is needed here as a balance controller who prioritizes the benefit of the people. Therefore, this research aims to review the role of the opposition in controlling the plan to establish the Corruption Eradication Law so that it remains fair in society. The research method used is a qualitative research method with a literature study approach. The research results show that basically the opposition acts as a check and balance against the government in power, such as monitoring the government, criticizing government policies, conveying community aspirations, providing alternative leadership, encouraging public discussion and debate. This aims to continue to prioritize the interests of the community.

Reformulation of Public Participation in Fast- Track Legislation in an Open Cumulative National Legislative Program

One of the factors contributing to the suboptimal implementation of “meaningful participation” is the exploitation of legal loopholes to expedite the creation of open cumulative draft laws (RUU). This issue is further complicated by Constitutional Court Decision Number 90/PUU XVIII/2020, which states that the formation of open cumulative draft laws does not necessitate general public participation, thereby posing a distinct challenge. In the context of this matter, by employing a normative legal research method, the author examines the urgency of public participation in the development of open cumulative draft laws through a “fast track” legislative process. The study’s results cover three main topics: (1) the mechanism of open cumulative draft law design and its relationship to “fast track” legislation; (2) the legal implications stemming from the Constitutional Court’s considerations regarding public participation in the creation of open cumulative draft laws; (3) the essence of integrating public participation into open cumulative draft laws using the “fast track” legislative method.

Reform and Simplification of Legislative Regulations in Indonesia

Objective: The objective of this research is to analyze the reform and simplification of existing laws and regulations in Indonesia. This involves assessing the current legislative system's hindrances, focusing on the synchronization of legislative planning at both central and regional levels with development planning and policies. The aim is to understand how reform can optimize the performance of state administrators, create a sense of security at work, avoid excessive levies on society, increase budget efficiency, and attract investment, particularly foreign investment.&#x0D; &#x0D; Method: This research adopts a normative legal approach to examine the existing legislative system in Indonesia. The method involves a comprehensive analysis of legal and regulatory frameworks, emphasizing the need for reform and simplification. The research delves into the complexities of the legislative process, tracing the transformation from individual interests to public issues, with a focus on societal interests and humanitarian principles. Mapping the needs and planned legislative programs is a crucial aspect of the method to maintain the effectiveness and relevance of each regulation.&#x0D; &#x0D; Result: The research findings indicate that the reform and simplification of legal regulations in Indonesia play a vital role in optimizing the performance of state administrators, ensuring a secure work environment, preventing excessive levies on society, enhancing budget efficiency, and attracting investment, especially foreign investment. The results highlight the importance of aligning legislative planning with development goals and policies to address the current deviations from the intended material content in legislative regulations.&#x0D; &#x0D; Conclusion: In conclusion, the research underscores the significance of reforming and simplifying existing laws and regulations in Indonesia. The legislative system's shortcomings, including the lack of synchronization with development planning and deviations from intended content, pose challenges that need to be addressed. The establishment of legal certainty, realization of justice, and provision of social benefits are identified as the primary objectives of any legal regulation. Therefore, it is crucial to map the needs and plan legislative programs effectively to maintain the relevance and effectiveness of the regulatory framework.