Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm Research Articles

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement in a patient with pre-existing left ventricular pseudoaneurysm: the importance of pre- and intra-procedural imagingUnravelling supravalvular aortic stenosis in a young patient: look beyond the valve.

An 85-year-old man with a history of myocardial infarction and coronary bypass surgery presented with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. Echocardiography revealed pressure gradients of 73/40 mm Hg across the aortic valve, an aortic valve area of 0.74 cm2, and a 35% ejection fraction.

ANOTHER BRICK IN THE WALL: A STRANGE CASE OF A BIG HUG

Abstract Background Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm (LVP) is a rare complication of myocardial infarction MI (less than 0,1% of all patients with MI) and develops when cardiac rupture is contained by adherent pericardium or scar tissue, thus contains no endocardium or myocardium, unlike a true left ventricular aneurysm (LVA). Clinical Case A 41–year–old man without remote cardiac history was admitted to the Emergency Department with chest pain that had started 7 days before after a referred ‘big hug’ from a friend. Results of the physical examination were unremarkable. Electrocardiogram: T waves negative in the inferior and lateral leads. Blood exams: normal troponins, C–reactive protein and D–dimer values. Chest computed tomography: no sign of pulmonary embolism. Transthoracic echocardiography (TE): ejection fraction 45%, voluminous aneurismal chamber communicating with the infero–posterior wall of the LV, stratified thrombus and mild mitral valve regurgitation. Coronary angiography: three vessel coronary artery disease. The last diagnosis was established by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which revealed a voluminous pseudoaneurysm of the inferior wall (56 mm x 50 mm with a 51 mm neck) and transmural late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) of the wall adjacent to the pseudoaneurysm with fibroadipose replacement and calcific metaplasia. The patient was transferred to the Cardiac Surgery Department. Intraoperatively the LVP was resected and the defect of the LV was repaired with a patch in bovine pericardium. In addition, coronary artery bypass grafting and mitral valve repair were performed. Discussion LVP develops when pericardium, in combination with thrombus and inflammation, surrounds a cardiac rupture. Inferior and posterolateral myocardial infarction (MI), due to occlusion of the Circumflex artery, are responsible for 82% of the LVP. LVP can be also found in the apical region due to anterior MI. In conclusion symptoms, signs, electrocardiographic abnormalities and radiographic findings seen in patients with LVP can be indistinguishable from those in patients with coronary disease alone. TE is the first non–invasive method for early diagnosis of LVA, but MRI is the gold standard for differential diagnosis between true aneurysm vs pseudoaneurysm. LGE of the pericardium is a new specific marker of pseudoaneurysm as opposed to true aneurysm.

A Case of Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm as a Complication of Late-Presenting ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

A Case of Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm as a Complication of Late-Presenting ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Unusual Cardiac Aneurysms: A Surgical Pathology Experience

Among the cardiac outpouchings, left ventricular aneurysms or pseudo-aneurysms that develop secondary to myocardial infarctions are the most common. On the other hand, atrial appendageal and valvular aneurysms are uncommon occurrences. The appendageal aneurysms develop possibly due to congenital dysplasia of atrial pectinate muscles, while valvular aneurysms result from infective endocarditis, mechanical injury or degenerative changes. Despite their unusual locations, they are prone to life-threatening complications. We present our experience of unusual cardiac aneurysms in the surgical cardiovascular material.

Post-infarction Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm Treated with Percutaneous Transcatheter Occlusion: A Case Report

Post-infarction Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm Treated with Percutaneous Transcatheter Occlusion: A Case Report

Surgical techniques using an attached patch for large left ventricular pseudoaneurysm after inferior acute myocardial infarction.

We report a case of large left ventricular pseudoaneurysm after inferior acute myocardial infarction. Patch repair is commonly performed; however, only a few studies have described specific surgical techniques for left ventricular pseudoaneurysm repair of the inferior left ventricular wall. As an optimal repair technique for left ventricular pseudoaneurysm of the inferior left ventricular wall is lacking, we believe our technique is safe and effective in repairing this pathology.

(1132) - Massive Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm Presenting as Cardiogenic Shock Following Myocardial Infarction

(1132) - Massive Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm Presenting as Cardiogenic Shock Following Myocardial Infarction

Delayed traumatic left ventricular pseudoaneurysm: diagnostic challenges and surgical management

Delayed traumatic left ventricular pseudoaneurysm: diagnostic challenges and surgical management

An unusual long-term follow-up of a patient with a left ventricular pseudoaneurysm after myocardial infarction.

An unusual long-term follow-up of a patient with a left ventricular pseudoaneurysm after myocardial infarction.

Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography to Diagnose a Large Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm That Formed Rapidly After Myocardial Infarction.

Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography to Diagnose a Large Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm That Formed Rapidly After Myocardial Infarction.

Transcatheter Closure of Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Pseudoaneurysm Compressing the Left Anterior Descending Artery

Transcatheter Closure of Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Pseudoaneurysm Compressing the Left Anterior Descending Artery

Left Ventricular Apical Pseudoaneurysm: A Case Report Incidental Diagnosis and Management

Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm (LVPA) is a rare and life-threatening condition characterized by “an outpouching resulting from a rupture in the ventricular free wall.” We present a case with a history of myocardial infarction and left ventricular (LV) apical thrombus who presented with worsening dyspnea. Echocardiography revealed LVPA with bidirectional flow, confirmed by cardiac CT. He underwent successful surgical repair of LVPA and coronary artery bypass grafting. LVPA is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, so early diagnosis is crucial. This case report highlights the successful management of LVPA, underscoring the importance of prompt diagnosis and multidisciplinary care.

A case report of percutaneous closure of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm

A case report of percutaneous closure of left ventricular pseudoaneurysm

Abstract 18676: Aneurysmectomy or No Aneurysmectomy - An Unknown Heart Failure Terrain

Case Report: A 40-year male with a history of traumatic inferoapical ventricular septal rupture after a motor vehicle accident status post patch repair and left ventricular thrombus on Rivaroxaban presented to the ED with hemoptysis. The patient on arrival was hemodynamically stable. CTA revealed a new 6.9 cm left ventricular pseudoaneurysm and an echocardiogram revealed an EF of 30% with a pseudoaneurysm involving the entire distal septum, lateral wall, and apex and a ventricular septal rupture into the intraventricular septum. Cardiac MRI revealed a pseudoaneurysm from the inferoseptal wall measuring 9.6 x 6.9 x 10.0 cm and a stroke volume of 123 mL. A right heart catheterization revealed no evidence of left-to-right shunting. Given heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in the setting of a pseudoaneurysm and the complexity of aneurysm repair, advanced heart failure and cardiothoracic surgery teams were consulted for conventional surgical and transplant evaluation. Due to social barriers, the patient was declined from transplant and ultimately proceeded with patch repair. Intraoperative echocardiography revealed a post-operative EF of 25%. Discussion: This case highlights the need for further data on pseudoaneurysms that are confounded with concurrent heart failure. For this patient, the concerns were for adequate stroke volume given the extent of the pseudoaneurysm and whether improvement in systolic function could be seen with repair or result in further decline. It was postulated that surgical repair would raise his effective stroke volume, and thus improve cardiac function. Postoperative EF changes could have been further explained by myocardial stunning during anesthesia or rapid changes in end-diastolic volume with aneurysmectomy altering Frank-Starling hemodynamics. With isolated case report data, further aneurysmectomy outcome characterization is thus imperative to guide advanced heart failure treatment and improve patient mortality.

Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm as a mechanical complication of acute myocardial infarction: a case report

Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm as a mechanical complication of acute myocardial infarction: a case report

Case of the Season: Gerbode Defect and Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm as Complications of Mitral Valve Replacement

Case of the Season: Gerbode Defect and Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm as Complications of Mitral Valve Replacement

Percutaneous closure of infantile postoperative left ventricular pseudoaneurysm exclusively under transthoracic echocardiography guidance.

Percutaneous closure of infantile postoperative left ventricular pseudoaneurysm exclusively under transthoracic echocardiography guidance.

Application of multicultural nursing in a patient with giant left ventricular pseudoaneurysm

Application of multicultural nursing in a patient with giant left ventricular pseudoaneurysm

Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm as a late complication of incomplete surgical stab wound repair, a case report

Objectives: Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm (LVP) is a rare but life-threatening condition caused by rupture of the free wall of the ventricle. The ventricular wall is surrounded by adherent pericardium and scar tissue, lacking myocardial tissue. In this case study, an 18-year-old man, experiencing syncope, shortness of breath, dizziness, and pleuritic chest pain (CP) was admitted to the emergency department. Five months earlier, he had a penetrating chest trauma that damaged the pericardium and ventricular wall and underwent a left thoracotomy. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) identified a large 10*10 cm pseudoaneurysm in the apicolateral region of the ventricle. Considering the confirmed diagnosis of delayed left ventricular pseudo aneurysm, surgical intervention was deemed necessary. The patient went under general anesthesia, and cannulation of the artery and femoral vein and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were performed. Open heart surgery was then performed through a midline sternotomy to excise the LVP and repair the ventricles. After transfer to the intensive care unit and subsequent extubation, the patient was transferred to the surgical ward and discharged in good condition.
 Conclusions: This case report highlights the importance of timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment to save the lives of patients given the rapid spread observed in LVP cases.

In Utero Presentation of Left Ventricular Aneurysm.

Congenital left ventricular aneurysm, pseudoaneurysm, and diverticulum are rare entities. These diagnoses can be made pre- and/or postnatally. Although these entities overlap clinically and morphologically, important distinctions can allow for accurate diagnoses. Appropriate diagnosis can be imperative for risk stratification and guidance of prenatal and postnatal management. The case described in the present report highlights a challenging case of a fetal left ventricular aneurysm, management during the prenatal and postnatal periods, and important differentiating features from a ventricular diverticulum and pseudoaneurysm.