Left Condyle Research Articles

Three-Dimensional Assessment of the Effects of Kinesio Taping on Mandibular Condylar Volume with Skeletal Class II Malocclusions

This study aimed to perform a three-dimensional assessment of the effects of Kinesio taping (KT) on mandibular condylar volume during Twin Block (TB) appliance therapy in individuals with skeletal Class II malocclusions. Thirty children (16 female, 14 male) aged between 10 and 15 years (12.80 ± 1.08) who were scheduled for TB therapy were randomly assigned to two groups of 15 patients each. One group (Group 1) received KT on the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) area with TB therapy while the other group (Group 2) only received the TB. KT was applied in cycles of 3 days, followed by 1 day off for 3 months. All patients underwent computed tomography (CT) scanning before KT and TB therapy (T0) and 3 months later (T1). Changes in right and left condylar volumes were measured (cm3) using a GE Advantage Workstation (General Electric Medical Systems, USA) and compared between the two groups using the Mann–Whitney U test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The KT group showed a significant differences in condylar volumes for both right (mean 0.13; p = 0.015; [0.04: 0.22]) and left condyle (0.30; p = 0.001; [0.18: 0.42]) from baseline (T0) to 3 months (T1). The comparisons between Group 1 and Group 2 revealed no statistically significant difference in initial and final condylar volumes for both the right (0.13; p > 0.05; [−0.16: 0.09]) and the left condyle (0.30; p > 0.05; [−0.04: 0.42]). Kinesio taping, which demonstrated a relative and slight increase on condylar volume, may provide clinical benefits such as a reduction in the duration of functional appliance use, decreased risk of relapse, and effective correction of overjet.

COMPARISON of TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT SPACE and ARTICULAR EMINENCE INCLINATION in VARIOUS SKELETAL ANOMALIES

Aim: This study aims to compare the values of joint spaces and articular eminence inclinations in individuals with various skeletal anomalies. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 individuals with Class I (n=20), Class II (n=20), and Class III (n=20) anomalies were included in the study, and their cone-beam computed tomography images were utilized. In each individual, the axial sectional joint spaces, including the articular disc, were calculated three-dimensionally using computer software for both the right and left condyles. Additionally, the articular eminence inclinations of both the right and left sides were measured for each individual. The obtained data were statistically compared among groups using one-way analysis of variance and within groups for the right and left values using paired t-tests (p

Evaluation of mandibular condyle position in Class III patients after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery: A cone-beam computed tomography study.

This retrospective study evaluated the mandibular condyle position before and after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery performed with the mandibular condyle positioned manually in patients with mandibular prognathism using cone-beam computed tomography. Overall, 88 mandibular condyles from 44 adult patients (20 female and 24 male) diagnosed with mandibular prognathism due to skeletal Class III malocclusion who underwent bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) and Le Fort I performed using the manual condyle positioning method were included. Cone-beam computed tomography images obtained 1-2 weeks before (T0) and approximately 6 months after (T1) surgery were analyzed in three planes using 3D Slicer software. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05 level. Significant inward rotation of the left mandibular condyle and significant outward rotation of the right mandibular condyle were observed in the axial and coronal planes (P < 0.05). The positions of the right and left condyles in the sagittal plane and the distance between the most medial points of the condyles in the coronal plane did not differ significantly (P > 0.05). While the change in the sagittal plane can be maintained as before surgery with manual positioning during the BSSRO procedure, significant inward and outward rotation was observed in the axial and coronal planes, respectively, even in the absence of concomitant temporomandibular joint disorder before or after the operation. Further long-term studies are needed to correlate these findings with possible clinical consequences.

The effect of mentoplate application on the condyle

BackgroundThe aim of the study was to investigate the changes occurring in the mandibular condyle by using mentoplate together with rapid maxillary expansion (MP-RME) treatment in the correction of skeletal class III relationship, using fractal analysis (FA).MethodsThe sample consisted of 30 individuals (8–11 years) diagnosed with skeletal Class III malocclusion who underwent MP-RME treatment. Archival records provided cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images taken at two intervals: before MP-RME treatment (T0) and after treatment (T1). The CBCT images were obtained using standardized settings to ensure consistency in image quality and resolution. The trabecular structures in the bilateral condyles at both T0 and T1 were analyzed using FA. The FA was performed on these condylar images using the Image J software. The region of interest (ROI) was carefully selected in the condyle to avoid overlapping with cortical bone, and the box-counting method was employed to calculate the fractal dimension (FD). Statistical analysis was conducted to compare the FD values between T0 and T1 and to evaluate gender differences. The statistical significance was determined using paired t-tests for intra-group comparisons and independent t-tests for inter-group comparisons, with a significance level set at p < 0.05.ResultsThe analysis revealed no statistically significant differences in the trabecular structures of the condyles between T0 and T1 (p > 0.05). However, a significant gender difference was observed in FA values, with males exhibiting higher FA values in the left condyle compared to females at both T0 and T1 (p < 0.05). Specifically, the FA values in the left condyle increased from a mean of 1.09 ± 0.09 at T0 to 1.13 ± 0.08 at T1 in males, whereas in females, the FA values remained relatively stable with a mean of 1 ± 0.09 at T0 and 1.03 ± 0.11 at T1.ConclusionThe findings indicate that MP-RME therapy does not induce significant alterations in the trabecular structure of the mandibular condyle. These results suggest the treatment’s safety concerning the structural integrity of the condyle, although the observed gender differences in FA values warrant further investigation.

Evaluation of a Fully Digital, In-House Virtual Surgical Planning Workflow for Bimaxillary Orthognathic Surgery

The advantages of virtual surgical planning (VSP) for orthognathic surgery are clear. Previous studies have evaluated in-house VSP; however, few fully digital, in-house protocols for orthognathic surgery have been studied. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference between the virtual surgical plan and actual surgical outcome for orthognathic surgery using a fully digital, in-house VSP workflow. This is a prospective cohort study from September 2020 to November 2022 of patients at the Victoria General Hospital in Halifax, NS, Canada who underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. Patients were excluded if they had previously undergone orthognathic surgery or were diagnosed with a craniofacial syndrome. The primary outcome variables were the mean 3-dimensional (3D) (Euclidean) distance error, as well as mean error and mean absolute error in the transverse (x axis), vertical (y axis), and anterior-posterior (z axis) dimensions. Covariates included age, sex, and surgical sequence (mandible-first or maxilla-first). The primary outcome was tested using Z and t critical value confidence intervals. The P value was set at .05. The 3D distance error for mandible-first and maxilla-first groups was compared using a 2-sample t-test as well as analysis of variance. The study sample included 52 subjects (24 males and 28 females) with a mean age of 27.7 (± 12.1) years. Forty three subjects underwent mandible-first surgery and 9 maxilla-first surgery. The mean absolute distance error was largest in the anterior-posterior dimension for all landmarks (except posterior nasal spine, left condyle, and gonion) and exceeded the threshold for clinical acceptability (2mm) in 16 of 23 landmarks. Additionally, mean distance error in the anterior-posterior dimension was negative for all landmarks, indicating deficient movement in that direction. The effect of surgical sequence on 3D distance error was not statistically significant (P=.37). In general, the largest contributor to mean 3D distance error was deficient movement in the anterior-posterior direction. Otherwise, mean absolute distance error in the vertical and transverse dimensions was clinically acceptable (< 2mm). These findings were felt to be valuable for treatment planning purposes when using a fully digital, in-house VSP workflow.

Mandibular Deviation With Longstanding Temporomandibular Joint Dislocation Caused by Lateral Pterygoid Muscle Hyaline Degeneration.

The present report described a rare case of mandible deviation with longstanding unilateral temporomandibular joint dislocation caused by lateral pterygoid muscle hyaline degeneration. A 28-year-old male was referred for mandible deviation for 2 years. It was found that the left condyle was dislocated just below the articular eminence with the dilated capsule in magnetic resonance imaging images. After surgical dissection of the lateral pterygoid muscle, which was excessively attached to the condyle, the left condyle was reduced, and the patient's mandibular deviation was greatly improved. The pathologic results showed lateral pterygoid muscle hyaline degeneration.

Morphometric analysis of the foramen magnum in the Peruvian population.

The foramen magnum, as an anatomical structure, holds clinical and functional significance due to its strategic location in the craniovertebral transition. A detailed understanding of its dimensions and shapes is crucial for better comprehension of related pathologies and for enhancing neurosurgical techniques within a specific population. The objective is to measure precise morphometric reference points of the foramen magnum in individuals of Peruvian ancestry, aiming to establish specific anatomical patterns and potential variations within this population. The study was conducted on 17 unidentified skulls donated to the NeuroZone3D Research Center, utilizing an inelastic and soft measuring tape as the tool. Our report considered direct anthropometric measurement techniques with data collection performed by a single researcher. Distinct morphometric characteristics were observed in the foramen magnum of the Peruvian population compared to other studies. The average measurements of the skull base revealed a foramen magnum with a mean length of 33.80 mm and a width of 28.70 mm, along with right condyles measuring 25 mm in length and 14.10 mm in width, and left condyles measuring 23.80 mm in length and 13.90 mm in width. The morphometric analysis of the foramen magnum in the Peruvian population provides valuable insights into specific anatomical features within this ethnic group. These findings could have significant implications across various medical and surgical disciplines, from interpreting diagnostic images to designing more precise therapeutic interventions tailored to this population.

A morphometric study of Bonwill’s triangle for gender differences in dry mandibles of the Indian population

Bonwill's triangle, an imaginary equilateral triangle of the mandible, can cause mandibular alignment issues in post-dental occlusion, complete dentures, and mandibular fractures due to incorrect measurements across genders. This study aimed to analyze Bonwill's triangle size in dry mandible bones of the Indian population, focusing on gender differences to create error awareness in dental treatments and mandibular fractures. The study involved fifty-three dry human mandibles, segregated into male and female based on metric and non-metric parameters. The study measured the distances between the center of the right condyle to the midpoint of medial mandibular incisors (X-Y), the center point of the left condyle to the midpoint of medial mandibular incisors (Y-Z), and the center point of both condyles (Z-X). The mean lengths of Bonwill's triangular measurements in males were X-Y (101.08 mm), Y-Z (100.39 mm), and Z-X (97.06 mm), while females had 100.3 mm, 99.45mm, and 93.41mm respectively. Only two sides of the triangle were in accordance with Bonwill's theory. In the Indian population, Bonwill's triangle was significantly larger in male mandibles, and the intercondylar distance (Z-X) was less than 100mm in both genders, resulting in an isosceles triangle. Bonwill's triangle serves as a basis for modern technology to find geometric parameters for fractured mandibles and dental procedures, sex identification in forensic dentistry, anthropological studies, and bone grafts.

Condylar Position in the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea with a Mandibular Advancement Device: A Pilot Study.

Objective To evaluate, through a tomographic analysis, the positional changes of the condyle when using a mandibular advancement device (MAD) for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and to assess if the condylar positions influence OSA polysomnographic patterns. Materials and Methods Ten OSA patients underwent treatment with an MAD, and polysomnographic and tomographic examinations were performed before therapy (T0) and after MAD placement (T1). Results By comparing the T0 and T1 measurements, we observed advancement and extrusion of the condyles in all patients ( p < 0.001), as well as a decrease in the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ( p < 0.001), increases in the mean ( p = 0.001) and minimum ( p < 0.001) oxyhemoglobin saturation, and a significant correlation between the anterior displacement of the right ( p = 0.003) and left ( p = 0.015) condyles. Discussion Condylar advancement was directly correlated with OSA improvement: the greater the advancement, the better the AHI.

Evaluation of the mandibular condyles trabecular structure in patients with severe class III pattern: a computed tomography (CT) fractal analysis study

Class III malocclusion is a combination of dental and skeletal disorders that causes discrepancies in occlusion. Malocclusion can affect the structure of the Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) resulting in many problems, one of which is affecting the internal structure of the bone. This study aimed to examine the morphological features of class III patients’ trabecular structure of the mandibular condyle in comparison with normal class I individuals using fractal analysis (FA). To study the internal structure of the mandibular condyle bone, Computed Tomography (CT) scans of 45 severe class III patients (age: 16–46) who were the candidates for orthognathic surgery were selected and matched by age and sex with 45 normal class I individuals. The trabecular bone structure of the left and right mandibular condyles in three CT planes of the study group and control group were evaluated employing the FA. The result of the present study indicated that the fractal dimensions (FD) values of class III patients were lower than those of the normal class I individuals in axial (class I: 1.31 ± 0.02, class III: 1.28 ± 0.02), sagittal (class I: 1.25 ± 0.03, class III: 1.19 ± 0.08), and coronal (class I: 1.5 ± 0.06, class III: 1.45 ± 0.07) planes (P < 0.001). There were no significant differences between the FD values of the males and females. The intra-group evaluation revealed that there was no correlation between age and FD values. No evidence of laterality was found regarding the FD values of the right and left condyles. Given the noticeable differences between the FD values, it can be implied that severe class III malocclusion may affect the trabecular pattern of the cancellous bone of the mandibular condyle compared to class I individuals. Therefore, due to the altered trabecular structure, clinicians should be cautious when planning treatments for these patients.

Evaluation of mandibular osseous structure in patients with mandibular asymmetry: a fractal analysis study

We evaluated the effect of mandibular asymmetry on the trabecular structure of the mandible as measured through fractal analysis (FA). We divided a sample of 105 patients with skeletal class I occlusion, cervical vertebral maturation CS6, and skeletal vertical dimension ratios within normal limits into right asymmetric, left asymmetric, and symmetric groups. We performed FA on 6 bilateral regions of interest on panoramic radiographs of the patients and calculated the mean fractal dimension (FD) for each region. We performed the Wilcoxon signed-rank and paired t tests to compare the significance of differences in FD between sides within each group and between groups for all regions. Statistical significance was established at P < .05. We found statistically significant differences in mean FD values between the right and left condyles of the 2 asymmetric patient groups. The FD was greater in the left condyle of patients with right asymmetry and in the right condyle of patients with left asymmetry. The right condyle had a significantly greater FD in left asymmetric patients than in right asymmetric patients. The results of FA indicate that asymmetry is characterized by an increase in the mean FD of the condyle that is responsible for the asymmetry. Fractal analysis can be a valuable diagnostic technique in distinguishing trabecular differences in the condylar areas of asymmetric individuals.

Methodology for quantitative evaluation of mandibular condyles motion symmetricity from real-time MRI in the axial plane

Diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders is currently based on clinical examination and static MRI. Real-time MRI enables tracking of condylar motion and, thus, evaluation of their motion symmetricity (which could be associated with temporomandibular joint disorders). The purpose of this work is to propose an acquisition protocol, an image processing approach, and a set of parameters enabling objective assessment of motion asymmetry; to check the reliability and find the limitations of the approach, and to verify if the automatically calculated parameters are associated with the motion symmetricity. A rapid radial FLASH sequence was used to acquire a dynamic set of axial images for 10 subjects. One more subject was involved to estimate the dependence of the motion parameters on the slice placement. The images were segmented with a semi-automatic approach based on U-Net convolutional neural network, and the condyles’ mass centers were projected on the mid-sagittal axis. Resulting projection curves were used for the extraction of various motion parameters including latency, velocity peak delay, and maximal displacement between the right and the left condyle. These automatically calculated parameters were compared with the physicians’ scores. The proposed segmentation approach allowed a reliable center of mass tracking. Latency and velocity peak delay were found to be invariant to the slice position, and maximal displacement difference considerably varied. The automatically calculated parameters demonstrated a significant correlation with the experts’ scores. The proposed acquisition and data processing protocol enables the automatizable extraction of quantitative parameters that characterize the symmetricity of condylar motion

Condylar Size and Position, Comparison among Different Sagittal Skeletal Relationships: A CBCT Study.

To compare the size and spatial position of mandibular condyles among different sagittal skeletal patterns using CBCT imaging. A cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Orthodontics, Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from 20th March 2021 to 4th January 2022. CBCT scans of 66 subjects (33 males, 33 females) were divided into three equal groups on basis of sagittal skeletal relationships (Class I, Class II, and Class III). Condylar size and position were determined using the method described by Hilgers et al. and Ricketts et al. respectively. Independent samples t-test was applied to compare condylar size and position variables between the right and left condyles and between male and female subjects. All study groups were compared using ANOVA and Post Hoc Tukey's test. In males, the condylar size was larger and condyles were slightly more anteriorly positioned. Condylar width and height were smallest in skeletal Class II relation and largest in skeletal Class III relation. Regarding the condylar position, the anterior distance was investigated to be the smallest in Class II. The posterior distance was lesser in skeletal Class I subjects whereas the superior distance was lesser in Class III subjects. Angle of articular eminence was greater in class I, intermediate in class II, and lower in class III. Height of articular eminence was the lowest in Class III subjects. Statistically significant differences existed for the size and position of mandibular condyles among different sagittal skeletal relationships. Temporomandibular joint, Condylar position, Condylar size, Sagittal skeletal relationships, CBCT.

Variation of normal condyle shape based on gender in panoramic radiographs

Objectives: To find out information about variations in the normal shape of the condyles based on gender using panoramic radiographic observations and to find out the frequency data for variations in the normal shape of the condyles.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive observational research using 122 panoramic radiographs as secondary data. The panoramic image consisted of 61 male samples and 61 female samples. The condyles were observed by describing the condyle shapes on the right and left sides. Observation of the shape of the condyle was carried out by three observers. Then, the data were tested for reliability by using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient to equalize the perceptions of the three observers.&#x0D; Results: The reliability test using ICC obtained a score &gt; 0.9 which means very good reliability. The most commonly found condyles shape is round and there are differences in shape between the right and left condyles in both males and females.&#x0D; Conclusion: The most common variation of the normal shape of the condyle found in both males and females is round on the right and left sides.

Bilateral bifid condyle mandibula features in panoramic radiography: a case report

Objectives: The aim of this case report is to describe radiographically the specific features of bifid mandibular condyle that frequently found incidentally on panoramic radiographs.&#x0D; Case Report: A 24-year-old man came to the Installation of Dental Radiology RSGM UNPAD brought a referral letter for a panoramic photograph. From anamnesis is known patient have complaints of pain in the jaw joints left and right at the time of open mouth. Panoramic radiographs show mesioangular dental impaction of 48, and edentulous tooth 36 and presence of bifid condyle on the right and left condyle. Bifid condyle usually becomes incidental finding on routine panoramic radiographic examination. Bifid condyle features can be shown by depression or notch on the superior surface of condyle. Bifid condyle can provide a "heart-shaped" from the frontal view. For a definite feature can be seen with other modality such as CBCT. Sometimes there is also a change in the mandibular fossa to compensate the morphological changes of the condyle.&#x0D; Conclusion: Bifid condyle mandible is a variation in the shape of the condyle whose cause is not known with certainty. The bifid condyle gives the "heart-like" appearance that is often found on accidental panoramic radiographs. Generally, cases of BMC do not require treatment unless they cause symptoms.

Assessment of mandibular condylar morphology through digital panoramic radiograph: A radiographic study

The temporomandibular joint is one of the most intricate human articulations (TMJ). Each joint is made up of a mandibular condyle and its associated temporal cavity (glenoid fossa and articular eminence). Human mandibular condyle morphology can be divided into six types: Type I: Oval; Type II: Flattened; Type III: Diamond; Type IV: Crooked finger; Type V:Bifid and Type VI: Bird beak. The mandibular condyle appears in several different age groups and individuals in many distinct ways. Condyle remodelling to account for developmental variations, malocclusion, trauma, and other developmental illnesses and diseases are all examples of developmental disorders and diseases that can result from simple developmental variability. Panoramic radiography has been recommended as a screening tool for TMJ patients, and it may be useful to spot major bone abnormalities in the condyle.: The aim of the current study is to observe and record the variations in condyle forms in Punjab (North India) using an Orthopantomographs (OPGs), which were crucial for patient treatment in several branches of dentistry. This retrospective study comprised radiographic evaluation of 400 condylar heads after visualising 200 digitalised OPGs taken for routine investigation. The most common shape of condyle on right observed was oval (43.5%) followed by Bird Beak (20.5%), Diamond (12.5%), Flattened (12%), Crooked finger(6.5%) and Bifid (5%). The most common shape of condyle on left observed was Oval (51%) followed by Bird Beak (15%), Diamond (14%), Flattened (9%), Crooked finger(8%) and Bifid (3%). In Males, the commonest form of left and right condylar morphology was and the least form of right condylar morphology was , whereas the least form of left condylar morphology observed was and In Females, the commonest form of left and right condylar morphology was and the least form of left and right condylar morphology observed was The aim of this study was to determine the most typical radiographic forms of the mandibular condyle on the OPG. Six various condyle shapes—Oval, Flattened, Bird beak, Diamond, Crooked finger, and bifid—have been identified in the current study, with the oval form being the most prevalent on both sides and in both sexes. Bifid is the least typical shape for the right and left condyles.

Short-term effects of mechanical loading on the transdifferentiation of condylar chondrocytes

Transdifferentiation of chondrocytes into bone cells explains most of the prenatal and early postnatal condylar growth, but its role during later postnatal growth and the mechanisms regulating transdifferentiation remain unknown. This study aimed to quantify the effects of mechanical loading on chondrocyte-derived osteogenesis during late postnatal condylar growth using a short-term mandibular laterotrusion model. Thirty 4-week-old Aggrecan-CreERT2, R26RtdTomato, and 2.3Col1a1-GFP compound mice received tamoxifen injections and were divided into control and experimental groups. Appliances were bonded to shift the mandibles of the experimental mice for 5 days, causing protrusion and retrusion of the right and left condyles, respectively. Radiographic, microcomputed tomographic, and histomorphometric analyses were performed. The experimental and control groups showed substantial transdifferentiation of chondrocytes into bone cells. The experimental mice developed asymmetric mandibles, with the protrusive side significantly longer than the retrusive side. The protrusive condyles showed significantly increased chondrogenesis and greater numbers of chondrocyte-derived osteogenic cells, especially in the posterior third. The opposite effects were seen on the retrusive side. Transdifferentiation of chondrocytes into bone cells occurs during late postnatal condylar growth. Laterotrusion regulates condylar chondrogenesis and chondrocyte transdifferentiation, which alters the amount and direction of condylar growth. Our study demonstrated that chondrocytes are key players in condylar bone formation and should be the focus of studies to control and further understand condylar growth.

Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita with maxillofacial involvement: a case report

BackgroundArthrogryposis multiplex congenita is a rare condition that mainly involves the lower limbs, characterized by severe joint deformity and contracture, muscular atrophy, and functional impairment. Its clinical manifestations are heterogenous and may involve the maxillofacial district as well.Case presentationThis case report describes a 20-year-old patient with arthrogryposis multiplex congenita with skeletal crossbite, facial asymmetry, reduced mouth opening and absence of lateral mandibular movement on the left side. After clinical evaluation, the following exams were required: postero-anterior cephalometric tracing, head and neck electromyography, computerized axiography, computed tomography scan, and maxillofacial magnetic resonance imaging. Orthognathodontic evaluation indicated skeletal asymmetry, reduced condylar movements on the left side and abnormally low electromyography activity of the masticatory muscles on the left side. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed unilateral left mandibular hypoplasia, hypotrophy, and fatty infiltration of masticatory muscles on the left side, as well as immobility of the left condyle during mouth opening, and hypoplasia of the left articular disk, which was however not displaced. Surgery was not indicated and conservative orthognathodontic treatment with function generating bite was suggested to balance the occlusal plane, as well as stretching exercises.ConclusionsA rare case of arthrogryposis multiplex congenita with maxillofacial involvement illustrates that a patient-centred, multidisciplinary approach with accurate diagnosis is required to formulate the best treatment plan. Because of the considerable damage to the masticatory muscles, conservative orthognathodontic therapy may be the best treatment option.

Treatment of Neglected Fracture of the Bilateral Mandibular Body and Left Condyle: A Case Report

Treatment of Neglected Fracture of the Bilateral Mandibular Body and Left Condyle: A Case Report

Diagnosis and Treatment in Unilateral Condylar Hyperplasia.

Unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) is an uncommon disease involving progressive facial asymmetry. The aim of this research was to perform an analysis of the diagnosis and treatment of patients with UCH in a clinical series. An observational retrospective study was performed on subjects with progressive facial asymmetry in the lower third of the face; all the subjects were under treatment with condylectomy and orthodontics to improve occlusion and face balance. Variables such as age, sex, clinical type, SPECT (single photon emission computed tomography) intensity and a requirement for secondary surgery were included; the Shapiro Wilk test was performed to analyze the normality of the data and nonparametric analysis and the Kruskal-Wallis or Mann-Whitney tests were used to assess the association between the SPECT difference and the variables, where 2-tailed p values < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. Forty-nine patients between 10 and 45 y.o. (average age: 19.1 ± 7.4 y.o.) were included in the study. There were 41 female (83.6%) and 8 male (16.4%) subjects. The SPECT analysis comparing the right and left condyles with more than 10% in caption of the isotope was present in 46 subjects; the results obtained using SPECT were not statistically related to the age or sex of the sample (p = 0.277). The patients were classified into clinical types I, II and III, and no correlations could be confirmed between the clinical type and other variables. High condylectomy was conducted on all patients, among which 14 patients underwent a secondary surgery for orthognathic or cosmetic treatment, and was not related to the initial variables used in diagnosis (p = 0.98); interestingly, the second surgical treatment was more present in the clinical type I and in subjects under 16 years old with no statistical differences. Clinical analysis, medical records, 3D imaging and SPECT should be used as a complementary analysis in assessing the diagnosis of UCH and progressive facial asymmetry.