Ledebouriella Seseloides Research Articles

First report of cucumber mosaic virus infecting Ledebouriella seseloides in Korea

First report of cucumber mosaic virus infecting Ledebouriella seseloides in Korea

The complete chloroplast genome of Saposhnikovia divaricata

Saposhnikovia divaricata (Trucz.) Schischk. is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine widely distributed in Eastern Siberia and Northern Asia. In this research, we assembled and characterized the complete chloroplast genome sequence of S. divaricata from high-throughput sequencing data. The chloroplast genome was 147,834 bp in length, consisting of large single-copy (LSC) and small single-copy (SSC) regions of 93,202 bp and 17,324 bp, respectively, which were separated by a pair of 18,654 bp inverted repeat (IR) regions. The genome is expected to contain 129 genes, including 85 protein-coding genes, 36 tRNA genes, and 8 rRNA genes. The total GC content of the genome is 37.5%. A phylogenetic tree reconstructed by 40 chloroplast genomes reveals that S. divaricata is mostly related to Ledebouriella seseloides.

방풍나물 추출물이 난소절제 흰쥐의 혈중 지질 변화에 미치는 영향

This study was investigated the improvement effects of Ledebouriella seseloides (LS) ethanol extracts on lipid parameters in an ovariectomized animal model. Sixty, nine-week old female Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups as follows: sham-operated rats (SHAM), ovariectomized rats (OVX-CON) and ovariectomized rats that were treated with LS ethanol extracts (50 mg/kg/day and 200 mg/kg/day, respectively). The diets were fed to the rats for six weeks after their operation. The total-cholesterol and triglyceride contents on serum increased in the OVX-CON group compared to the SHAM group, but supplementation with the LS extract caused these factors to decrease. Notably, the serum LDL-cholesterol concentration in the supplemented 200 mg/kg/day LS ethanol extract group was significantly more reduced than the OVX-CON group. In addition, the platelet aggregation ability was lower in groups treated with LS than in the OVX-CON group. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was lower in the LS extract group compared to the OVX-CON group. Collagen content, in bone and cartilage, were reduced by ovariectomy, but the supplemented LS extract groups exhibited higher concentrations in their bones. According to these results, the improvement effects of LS extract on serum lipid parameters and osteogenesis in ovariectomized rats were illuminated.

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of the medicinal plant Glehnia littoralis F.Schmidt ex Miq. (Apiaceae)

Glehnia littoralis F. Schmidt ex Miq is an oriental medicinal herb belonging to Apiaceae family, and its dried roots and rhizomes are known to show various pharmacological effects. The complete chlorplast genome of G. littoralis was generated by de novo assembly using whole genome sequencing data. The chloroplast genome of G. littoralis was 147 467 bp in length and divided into four distinct regions: large single copy region (93 493 bp), small single copy region (17 546 bp) and a pair of inverted repeat regions (18 214 bp). A total of 114 genes including 80 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes and 4 rRNA genes were predicted and accounted for 57.1% of the chloroplast genome. Phylogenetic analysis with the reported chloroplast genomes revealed that G. littoralis is an herbal species closely related to Ledebouriella seseloides, an herbal medicinal plant.

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Ledebouriella seseloides (Hoffm.) H. Wolff

Ledebouriella seseloides (Hoffm.) H.Wolff is a traditional medicinal herb belonging to Apiaceae family, whose dried roots and rhizomes have been used as traditional medicine in East Asian countries. The complete chloroplast genome of L. seseloides was obtained by de novo assembly using the small amount of whole genome sequencing data. The chloroplast genome of L. seseloides was 147 880 bp in length, which consisted of large single copy region (93 222 bp), small single copy region (17 324 bp), and a pair of inverted repeat regions (18 667 bp). The overall GC contents of the chloroplast genome were 37.5%. A total of 113 genes were annotated, which included 79 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis with the reported chloroplast genomes revealed that L. seseloides is most closely related to Petroselinum crispum (parsley), an herb widely used in cooking.

우리나라 일부 산채의 in vitro 산화 방지 활성, 알파-글루코시데이스와 췌장 라이페이스 저해 활성

This study evaluated in vitro antioxidant activity, antioxidant content, and α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities of ethanol extracts of samnamul (shoot of Aruncus dioicus), miyeokchwi (Solidago virgaurea), daraesoon (shoot of Actinidia arguta Planchon), and bangpungnamul (leaves of Ledebouriella seseloides), as muknamul, and fresh chamnamul (Pimpinella brachycarpa). Tocopherol content (4.8-78.3 mg/100 g) of sanchae was lower than polyphenols (4.4-12.2 g/100 g). Daraesoon with high tocopherol contents showed high antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activities. Samnamul had the highest levels of polyphenols and flavonoids, the highest antioxidant activity, and α-glucosidase inhibition. Antioxidant activity was correlated with flavonoid content (r2=0.8895), but was not correlated with the levels of other antioxidants tested, suggesting that polyphenol content in samnamul, miyeokchwi, daraesoon, bangpung, and chamnamul might not be critical determinant of antioxidant activity. Our results strongly suggest that samnamul and daraesoon could be useful in the treatment of diabetes and obesity.

국내 소비되는 봄나물의 Trienzyme 추출법을 적용한 엽산 함량 분석

본 연구에서는 국내 엽산 분석 데이터의 질적?양적 향상을 위해 첫째, AOAC법의 trienzyme 추출법과 식품공전의 암모니아 가수분해법을 비교 분석하고 둘째, 엽채류에 있어 trienzyme 추출법의 검증을 위해 국제표준인증물질을 분석하고 정밀성과 정확성을 측정하였다. 마지막으로 검증된 추출법을 적용하여 시판 봄나물(생것, 데친것)의 총 엽산 합량을 L. casei를 이용한 미생물학적 정량법을 적용하여 비교 분석하였다. 연구 결과 CRM 485(mixed vegetable), CRM 487(pig liver), CRM 121(wholemeal flour), 시금치, 돌미나리의 경우 암모니아 추출법보다 trienzyme 추출법을 적용할 경우 엽산 함량이 시료에 따라 1.2에서 5.8배까지 증가하였다. 따라서 나물 등 엽채류 식품에 함유된 천연 엽산 분석에는 trienzyme 추출법 적용이 필요한 것으로 생각된다. Trienzyme 추출법을 적용하여 분석한 봄나물(생것, 데친 것)의 엽산 함량은 습물 기준(wet weight basis) 나물 생시료의 경우 오가피(146.9 μg/100 g), 부지갱이(142.8 μg/100 g), 갯기름(140.4 μg/100 g)의 엽산 함량이 15개의 분석시료 중 높은 값을 나타내었다. 반면 건물 기준(dry weight basis)을 적용한 절대량 비교에서는 민들레(1,643.0 μg/g), 시금치(1,284.8 μg/g), 비름나물(1,222.5 μg/g) 순으로 높은 엽산 함량을 나타내었다. 가죽나물, 참두릅, 세발나물, 돌미나리, 참취나물 경우 100°C에서 30초간 데쳤을 때 엽산 함량은 차이가 없었으며(P>0.05) 갯기름나물을 제외한 나머지 9개 시료에서는 엽산 함량이 11∼63% 감소하였다(건물 기준 비교). 본 연구에 적용된 엽산 trienzyme 추출법은 상대적으로 부족한 국내 다소비 식품의 엽산 분석 연구에 활용될 것으로 생각되며 나아가 국가표준식품성분표 작성을 위한 엽산 데이터베이스 구축의 기초 자료가 될 것이다.

First Report of Anthracnose ofLedebouriella seseloidesCaused byColletotrichum gloeosporioidesin Korea

In 2012, dark brown spots were observed on leaves of Ledebouriella seseloides (Fang Feng) in several research plots located at the Goseong Agricultural Research Extension services in Gyeongam Province, Republic of Korea. A fungus was isolated from the infected plants which produced pink-coloured spores in mucilage on PDA and conidial morphology suggested that the causal agent was Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Internal transcribed spacer sequences of the pathogen showed 99% identity to those of C. gloeosporioides. Pathogenicity of the isolate was proved by Koch's postulates. This is the first report of anthracnose in L. seseloides caused by C. gloeosporioides.

인공광 식물공장내 광질 제어가 방풍나물 생장에 미치는 영향

Abstract BACKGROUND: Plant factory system of an artificial light type using Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs), fluorescent light, or metal halide lamp instead of sun light is an ultimated method for plant production without any pesticides regardless of seasonal changes. The plant factory is also completely isolated from outside environmental conditions such as a light, temperature, or humidity compared to conventional greenhouse. Light-environment control such as a quality or quantity in the plant factory system is essential for improving the growth and development of plant species. However, there was little report that the effects of various light qualities provided by LEDs on Ledebouriella seseloides growth under the plant factory system. METHODS AND RESULTS: Ledebouriella seseloides seedlings transplanted at urethane sponge were grown in the plant factory system of a horizontal type with LED artificial lights for 90 days. Yamazaki solution for hydroponic culture of the seedlings was regularly irrigated by the deep flow technique (DFT) system on the culture gutters. Electrical Conductivity (EC) and pH of the solution was recorded at 1.4 ds/m and 5.8 in average, respectively during the experimental period. Number of unfolded leaves, leaf length, shoot fresh and dry weight of the seedlings were three times measured in every 30 days after beginning of the experiment. Blue LEDs, red LEDs, and fluorescent lights inside the plant factory were used as light sources. Conventional fluorescent lamps were considered as a control. In all the treatment, light intensity was maintained at 100 μmol/m

국내 주요 약용작물에 발생하는 총채벌레의 종류와 피해

Damages of medicinal crops by thrips and identification of thrips species were investigated by periodic surveys on major medicinal crops, Platycodon grandiflorum, Schizandra chinensis, Codonopsis lanceolata, Lycium chinense, Bupleurum falcatum, Ledebouriella seseloides, Angelica gigas, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Liriope platyphylla, Atractyloides sp., once or twice a month in Suwon, Eumseong, Jecheon, Pyeongchang, Chyungyang from May to October in 2012. Thrips and their damages were found at all of the medicinal crops investigated, mostly occurring at early growing stages of each medicinal crop and causing apical meristem region withered, thereby inhibiting the growth of plants. For species identification of thrips collected from each medicinal crops, DNA from each individual was extracted and ITS2 and COI regions were amplified by PCR. As a result, Frankliniella intonsa, Thrips tabaci, and Megalurothrips distalis have been identified as dominant species on medicinal crops in open field, whereas Frankliniella occidentalis was restricted to Lycium chinense in which protected cultivation. This study suggests that the occurrence of thrips species on medicinal crops seems to be affected by host specificity and environmental factors such as cultivation types.

Evaluation of the phototoxic potential of plants used in oriental medicine

Aim of the study Phototoxicity can be either harmful or beneficial. Yet the phototoxicity of oriental medicinal plants is an understudied area. The purpose of this study is to fill in this gap. Materials and methods The phototoxic potential of oriental medicinal plants was examined in vitro using photohemolysis and the Candida albicans test. Seventeen medicinal plants [ Acorus gramineus ( ACG), Panax ginseng C.A. ( PAG), Platycodon grandiflorum ( PLG), Aractylodes japonica ( ATJ), Xanthium strumarium ( XAS), Dioscorea batatas ( DIB), Anemarrhena asphodeloides ( ANA), Polygonatum sibiricum Red ( PSR), Cocculus trilobus ( COT), Ficus carica ( FIC), Chelidonium majus var. asiaticum ( CMA), Pulsatilla koreana ( PUK), Agrimonia pilosa ( AGP), Zanthoxylum schinifolium ( ZAS), Angelica gigas ( ANG), Ledebouriella seseloides ( LES), and Cnidium officinale ( CNO)] were selected because they showed strong fluorescence in one of our previous studies of 62 plants. We further evaluated in vivo phototoxicity in mice. 0.75 mL/kg of seed oil for Xanthium strumarium ( XAS, ▪), or 1.25 mL/kg of extracted solutions of Atractylodes japonica ( ATJ, ▪), Chelidonium majus var. asiaticum ( CMA, ▪), Zanthoxylum schinifolium ( ZAS, ▪), and Ledebouriella seseloides ( LES, ▪) were given once, and evaluated for sunburn edema, formation of sunburn cell, decrease of epidermal Langerhans cells and local suppression of contact hypersensitivity by UVA irradiation. Results Sixteen out of the 17 plants tested except COT showed significant photohemolysis, and 5 of those exhibited phototoxic killing of Candida albicans. The phototoxicity of oriental medicines using those 5 plants was then studied in mice. The 5 plants increased sunburn edema and formation of sunburn cell, and suppressed immune responses locally by decreasing epidermal Langerhans cells and contact hypersensitivity by UVA irradiation. Conclusions More than a quarter of oriental medicinal plants can be phototoxic, and strong fluorescence measured by absorption and fluorescence spectra can be an easier way to screen for phototoxicity. On the other hand, the phototoxicity of the plants may also be used therapeutically. Further studies regarding the phototoxicity of active components extracted from both live and dried oriental medicinal plants are necessary.

Determination of the components in a Chinese prescription, yu-ping-feng san, by RAPD analysis.

In this study, the RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) technique was employed for the first time to determine the components in a Chinese herbal prescription. Forty decamer oligonucleotide primers were screened in the RAPD analysis to identify three Chinese medicines, the dried root of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge., the dried root of Ledebouriella seseloides Wolff, and the dried rhizome of Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz, in a Chinese prescription. Only primer OPP-10 simultaneously generated three distinct markers were each specific to one component. The marker with 200 bp is specific to Astragalus membranaceus; the 440 bp marker is specific to Atractylodes macrocephala; and the remaining marker with 500 bp was present in Ledebouriella seseloides. The presence of the three herbal medicines in the mixed sample, the Chinese prescription, was determined when the primer OPP-10 RAPD reaction was performed. The technique was proved to contribute to the identification of components in the Chinese medicinal preparations.