Leaf Gel Research Articles

Phyto-mediated biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Aloe barbadensis Miller leaves gel with improved antibacterial, anti-fungal, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer activities

An effective topical therapeutic agent requires a multifunctional attribute such as antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory efficacy. The green-synthesized metallic and metallic oxide nanoparticles have shown significant applicability in this regard. Hence a biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Aloe barbadensis miller leaf gel was fabricated and evaluated for effect of imperative influences such as temperature, time, and concentration of reactant on AgNPs synthesis. Furthermore, the biomimetic qualities were assessed to ensure the safety and efficacy. The synthesis of stabilized and capped AgNPs presented a UV–vis–based plasmonic resonance at ∼ 400 nm. The reduction of silver nitrate was further confirmed by the shift in FTIR spectra for -OH around 2870 cm−1. SEM and TEM images revealed cubic shape of the AgNPs. Whereas X-ray diffraction pattern indicated crystalline structure (crystallite size of ∼ 31.14 nm) with an inter-planar spacing value of 2.77, 1.96, and 1.67 Å for (200), (220), and (311) planes, respectively. In addition, AgNPs indicated a steady dispersion, homogeneity, and strong anionic zeta potential (∼ 35.4 mV). The results of antibacterial and antifungal activity demonstrated the potential of phyto-synthesized AgNPs in mitigation of infection associated with tested bacterial strain Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Shigella flexneri, Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus niger, and Penicillium crysogenum. Moreover, the results of hydrogen peroxide-based scavenging, anti-inflammatory, and anti-diabetic study revealed that the biosynthesized AgNPs exhibit an improved biomimetic attribute. Additionally, the biocompatibility assay demonstrated > 80 % of CaCO-2 and L-929 cells viability at 1.67 μg/mL and 3.35 μg/mL, respectively. The anticancer activity of synthesized AgNPs against epithelium-like phenotype oral squamous carcinoma cells (CLS-354/WT) displayed IC50 of 11.58 μg/mL. The results indicate that biogenic produced AgNPs may find suitable use as a potential therapeutic agent due to multifunctional attribute.

Aloe ferox leaf gel extracts attenuate redox imbalance in oxidative renal injury and stimulates glucose uptake, whilst inhibiting key enzymes linked to diabetes and obesity

The worldwide prevalence of diabetes and obesity is growing rapidly. Both metabolic disorders are linked to chronic adverse complications, which include kidney dysfunctions. Medicinal plants play a crucial role in traditional healthcare, especially in developing countries. Aloe ferox, native to South Africa, has a long history of medicinal use, but its pharmacological potential is less studied compared to other Aloe species, necessitating further investigation. Therefore, the present study was conducted to determine the antioxidative, anti-obesogenic, and antidiabetic effects of A. ferox leaf gel extracts using in vitro, ex vivo, and in silico experimental models, with oxidative renal damage induced by ferrous sulfate (FeSO4). A. ferox leaf gel extracts exhibited strong antioxidant activity, inhibited digestive enzymes, and significantly improved glucose uptake. The aqueous extract demonstrated better antioxidant efficacy, leading to higher reduced glutathione (GSH) level, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase enzymes activity, along with a concurrent reduction of nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Likewise, the aqueous extract showed more potent in vitro DPPH, NO, and OH• radical scavenging activity with IC50 values of 3.64 ±0.3 μg/mL, 110.73±0.1 μg/mL, and 331.13 ±0.7 μg/mL, respectively. The aqueous extract had better inhibition of the enzyme α-amylase (IC50 = 25.73±2.5 µg/mL), whilst the ethanolic extract inhibited α-glucosidase (IC50 =663.2±0.3 µg/ml), and pancreatic lipase (IC50 =122.01±5.9 µg/mL) more strongly. Incubation of the extracts with yeast cells stimulated glucose uptake dose dependently, when ethanolic extract (IC50 = 308.01±0.7 µg/mL) showed the better activity compared to the aqueous extract (IC50 = 338.79±7.05 µg/mL). Furthermore, LC-MS analysis led to the identification of many compounds, when chlorogenic acid demonstrated a stronger molecular interaction with the active site amino acids of α-amylase and catalase compared to other compounds. However, Aloin B showed the highest affinity with α-glucosidase and 5-Hydroxyaloin A showed the lowest binding energy with lipase, and SOD enzyme. These results suggest the reno-protective effects of A. ferox leaf gel extracts against FeSO4-induced oxidative stress along with its anti-hyperglycaemic activity. Given these observed effects, A. ferox leaf gel could indeed be valuable in developing natural therapies and potential drug development for the management of these disorders. Further studies in animal models are needed to ascertain the results of this study.

Formulation of Tembelekan Leaf Hand Sanitizer (Lantana camara L.) and Antibacterial Activity Test Against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

Disease-causing microorganisms stick to hands every day through physical contact with the environment. One of the easiest and most appropriate ways to clean them is to wash hands with soap and clean water. This study aims to determine the formulation of tembelekan leaf hand sanitizer (Lantana camara L.) and test its antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Assessment of the arrangements acquired incorporates organoleptic tests with libertine tests, homogeneity, pH, spreadability, dependability, bothering to chip in skin, and antibacterial movement against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli by agar dispersion utilizing poke holes. The outcomes showed that the hand sanitizer readiness containing 10% tembelekan leaf remove was the best planning since it was liked by specialists, stable when put away at room temperature for a very long time, didn't cause bothering, and had solid antibacterial movement so that the tembelekan leaf gel planning utilized as a characteristic natural substance can be utilized to clean hands from microscopic organisms that is simple, reasonable and protected to use without utilizing water.

Evaluation of 90-day repeated dose oral toxicity of an aloe vera inner leaf gel beverage

Despite its popularity along with many proposed therapeutic applications, the safety profile of Aloe vera gel beverages remains unsettled. The putative toxicology concern has focused on the hydroxyanthraquinone derivatives (HADs) found in the latex portion of the Aloe leaf. Despite harvesting and processing designed to eliminate or significantly reduce these compounds, certain HADs, such as aloin, may be present and have been associated with carcinogenicity in non-decolorized whole leaf extract containing approximately 6400 ppm aloin A and 71 ppm aloin-emodin. Sprague Dawley rats had free access to drinking water or a commercially and widely available Aloe vera gel beverage (Forever Living Products) prepared from the inner leaves of Aloe barbadensis Miller containing 3.43 ppm total aloin for 90 days. Under the conditions of the study and based on the toxicological endpoints evaluated, there were no adverse test substance-related findings, including altered thyroid hormones. No histologic differences or histopathological changes were detected in the multiple tissues and organs examined. The Ki-67 proliferation assay demonstrated no increased cell proliferation in the liver, lungs, kidneys, or urinary bladder, which might have been attributed to the dietary administration of the Aloe vera gel beverage via drinking water for 90 days. These data lend increasing confidence regarding the safety of appropriately processed Aloe vera gel beverages, such as the beverage tested in this study.

Testing The Effectiveness Of Burns Healing Of Gel Preparations Jatropagar ( Jatropha Curcas L) Leaf Extract On Male White Rats ( Rattus Norvegicus)

Indonesia has a variety of traditional medicinal plants for treating burns. One of them is Jatropha leaves which contain active substances such as saponins, tannins, alkaloids and flavonoids which have antibacterial, antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of Jatropha leaf preparations with extract concentrations of 10%, 15%, 20% on healing burns. This research stage includes plant determination, simplicia making, extract making, phytochemical screening testing, physical quality testing of gel preparations and animal testing. The research was experimental by comparing the effectiveness of healing burns in grouped mice and Jatropha leaf extract gel preparations and the most effective formula for healing burn wounds was Jatropha leaf extract gel preparations at concentrations of 10%, 15%, 20%. Statistical test results showed that there was a difference in the duration of healing of burn wounds in male white rats between Jatropha curcas (Jatropha curcas L) leaf gel preparations with concentrations of 10%, 15%, 20%, bioplaceton gel and gel base.

Effects of 3% Mobe (Artocarpus lakoocha) leaf extract gel on the post-extraction socket: In-vivo study

Background: Mobe (Artocarpus lakoocha) is recognized for its potential in accelerating wound healing, attributed to its secondary metabolites. However, its impact on hard tissue healing on post- extraction tooth sockets has been underexplored. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the effects of 3% Mobe leaf extract gel on the number of fibroblasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes and post-extraction sockets in Wistar rats. Methods: Thirty-two male Wistar rats had their left mandibular incisors extracted and were divided into eight groups. Mobe leaf extract gel was applied to Group I-IV and Aloclair® gel was applied to Group V-VIII for 14 days, twice a day. Residual socket volume (RSV) and fibroblast counts were measured on days 3, 7, and 14, while osteoblast and osteocyte counts were assessed on days 7, 14, and 28 post extraction. The RSV data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc least significant difference (LSD) test, while fibroblasts, osteoblasts, and osteocytes counts were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and post-hoc LSD tests. Results: RSV decreased significantly in both groups on day 14 (p=0.001 and p=0.002); however, the RSV was lower on the Mobe group. The fibroblast counts were higher in the Mobe group (p=0.001), and there was a significant difference in the mean number of osteoblasts and osteocytes in the Mobe group (p= 0.043 and p=0.008). Conclusion: The study concludes that 3% Mobe leaf gel extract is better than Aloclair® in accelerating socket healing mainly due to increased proliferation of fibroblasts, osteoblasts, and osteocytes.

Therapeutic Potential of Aloe vera and Aloe vera-Conjugated Silver Nanoparticles on Mice Exposed to Hexavalent Chromium.

Hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) is a hazardous heavy metal that induces hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Thus, this study was planned to explore the ameliorating capacity of Aloe vera leaf gel extract (AV) and their conjugated silver nanoparticles (AVNP) against Cr (VI) induced hepatotoxicity and renal toxicity. The organ indices, level of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, malondialdehyde, total protein, and creatinine in blood serum were measured. The histopathological and micrometric analysis of the hepatic and renal tissue sections were studied. The hepatosomatic index was raised significantly (0.098 ± 0.13g) in Cr treated group. The blood serum level of AST (484 ± 10.7 U/L), ALT (163 ± 5.5 U/L), ALP (336.7 ± 9.5 U/L), MDA (642.3 ± 28.3 U/L), and creatinine (4.0 ± 0.1mg/dL) were increased significantly, whereas total protein level was declined (2.8 ± 0.3g/dL) significantly in Cr exposed group. In the histopathological study, necrosis, disturbed hepatic cords, impaired glomeruli, and Bowman's capsule were noted. Micrometric data from the liver and kidney revealed a significant surge in the size of hepatocytes and their nuclei (1188.2 ± 467.7µ2 and 456.5 ± 205.6µ2) and CSA of glomeruli and Bowman's capsule (9051.8 ± 249.8µ2 and 11,835.5 ± 336.7µ2) in Cr (VI) exposed group, whereas the brush border (10.2 ± 4.0µ) size declined significantly. The administration of AV and AVNP reduced the oxidative stress induced by Cr (VI).

Effect of Some Ecological Factors on Stomata and Phenolic Compounds Production in Aloe Vera L. Gel and Effect Gel to the Adult of Flour Beetle: Tribolium Castaneum (Coleoptera : Tenebriodae)

This search presents the effect of some ecological factors such as (ultraviolet –B radiation , temperature , salinity ) on stomatal index and stomatal frequency and phenolic compounds after exposure to Aloe vera L. UV-B radiation , temperature and salinity . Ultraviolet – B radiation is one of the important abiotic factors that can stimulate the production of secondary metabolites, including phenolic compounds. Aloe vera (Asphodelaceae) is a medicinal plant used in Iraq for treating sunburn, wounds, and heartburn. The flour beetle: Tribolium castaneum is one of the inset causes of loss storage food yield in the world. The study aims the effect of some ecological factors such as (ultraviolet –B radiation , temperature , salinity ) on stomatal index and stomatal frequency and phenolic compounds after exposure to Aloe vera L. UV-B radiation , temperature and salinity and investigate the insecticidal and repellency effect of leaf gel for Aloe vera to estimate the percentage of the insecticidal effect for concentrations 25, 50, 75, and 100 % of alcoholic extract within seven days on adult insects. The gel in leaf exposure to UV-B radiation contained a higher diversity of phenolic compounds and flavonoids. This search showed a high percent kill for an adult with 100% of the alcoholic extract compared with control and an excellent effect of Aloe vera gel at a concentration of 50 % for a repellency effect with a value of 10.842%. Phenolic compounds showed after exposure to UV as : (dioxyflavone ,kampferol, catechuic acid, flavonol glucuronic acid, gabardine isoflavone, isoquercitrin, p-coumaric acid, hispaglabridine ) with a high percentage in the gel after exposure to UV-B compared by control.

Poly (Lactic Acid) Cellulose Biocomposite Films as Potential Antimicrobial Food Packaging Material

Polylactic acid (PLA)-cellulose bio-composites were developed by incorporating Aloe vera (A. vera) leaf gel at ratios of 100/50 and 50/50. This study aimed to evaluate their physico-chemical, barrier, and antibacterial properties for potential application in sustainable food packaging. Different composite films were prepared and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mechanical testing, water absorption, and Ultraviolet (UV) transmission measurements. Their antibacterial activity against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and S. aureus was assessed through agar diffusion and broth dilution assays. The presence of cellulose significantly affected the properties of the composite films. The 50/50 blend exhibited better chemical resistance and barrier properties compared to the 100/50 blend, highlighting the influence of cellulose content. Both ratios demonstrated promising antibacterial activity against all three target bacteria, while the 50/50 ratio showing pronounced inhibition against E. coli. These PLA-cellulose bio-composite films, with their combined UV-protective and antibacterial properties, present a sustainable and potential alternative to conventional food packaging materials, contributing to a reduced environmental pollution.

GREEN SYNTHESIS OF COPPER NANOPARTICLES FROM ALOE VERA LEAF GEL CONCENTRATE AND ITS CHARACTERISATION

Copper nanoparticles were synthesized from Aloe vera leaf gel extract concentrate from 0.1 Molar Copper sulphate pentahydrate solution. The Aloe vera gel concentrate and copper sulphate solution during the process were subjected to spectrophotometric absorption studies. Prepared nanoparticles were observed for size, zeta potential and polydispersity index, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The results showed that the size of elemental copper synthesized with the help of Aloe vera leaf gel extract concentrate was 272nm. SEM analysis confirmed the morphology of synthesized nanoparticles (spherical shapes). EDX studies further confirmed the presence of 67.21% elemental copper in newly synthesized nanoparticles prepared from Aloe vera leaf gel concentrate. The process of green synthesis uses eco-friendly resources to increase biological safety. The Aloe vera leaf gel extract concentrate efficiently served as a reducing and a capping agent to reduce the size of copper particles to the nanoparticle range. The method is low in cost and saves energy.

Bay Leaf (Syzygium Polyanthum) Extract Effect on IL-10 and IL-6 Gene Expression in Traumatic Ulcer

The aims of this research is to prove the effect of bay leaf extract gel on IL-10 and IL-6 gene expression in traumatic ulcers. The research method using In vivo experimental study with a randomized posttest-only control group design. The total sample was 24 male Wistar rats, divided into four groups. Group K1 (given base gel), group K2 (given Kenalog in Orabase), group K3 (10% bay leaf extract gel), and group K4 (15% bay leaf extract gel) were given treatment for 5 days. IL-6 and IL-10 levels were tested using the One-Way Anova test, followed by the Tamhane Post Hoc test. This study revealed that there was a difference in IL-6 levels in the K4 group compared to the K1 group sig. (p = 0.007) and a significant difference in IL-10 levels in the K4 group compared to the K1 group. (p = 0.003) after being given topical treatment with bay leaf extract gel. The conclusion of this research is treatment with 15% bay leaf gel extract (Syzygium polyanthum) was proven to significantly increase IL-10 gene expression and decrease IL-6 gene expression in Wistar rats model of traumatic ulcers.

Effects of raw Aloe barbadensis leaf gel on quality and fertilising potential of extended semen from Red Sokoto bucks

Semen evaluation is a routine practice in breeding soundness evaluation and investigation of fertility breeder male farm animals. Artificial insemination (A.I.) requires an objective and rapid, but inexpensive, method to evaluate ejaculates. The goal of semen assessment is to predict fertilising ability of the semen of breeding buck. A study was conducted to investigate the effects of raw Aloe barbadensis leaf gel (Gelraw) on quality and spermatozoa fertilising potential of extended goat semen. Semen was collected from buck using electro-ejaculator and were diluted with raw Aloe barbadensis Gel (Gelraw) at 7.00(GEYCE)+0.00(Gelraw), 5.25(GEYCE)+1.75(Gelraw), 3.50(GEYCE)+3.50(Gelraw), 1.75(GEYCE)+5.25(Gelraw), 0.00(GEYCE)+7.00(Gelraw) as T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 respectively. Extended semen samples were evaluated at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h for quality and spermatozoa fertilising potential. All treatments were replicated thrice in completely randomized design. At 72-h, Normal Spermatozoa (NS) and Acrosome Integrity (AcI) of 5.25g/L Gelraw treated samples significantly increased to 78.33±2.0% and 82.23±4.3% compared to 67.33±7.0% and 73.33±5.0% respectively in the control while ProgressiveMotility (PM) and Plasma Membrane Integrity (PMI) were not significantly affected. Aloe barbadensis gel (Gelraw) added to diluent at 7.00g/L offered cytoprotection to extended buck spermatozoa for 72 hours.
 
 
 
 
 L’évaluation du sperme est une pratique courante dans l’évaluation de la solidité de la reproduction et l’étude de la fertilité des animaux de ferme mâles reproducteurs. L’insémination artificielle (IA) nécessite une méthode objective et rapide, mais peu coûteuse, pour évaluer les éjaculats. L’objectif de l’évaluation de la semence est de prédire la capacité fécondante de la semence des boucs reproducteurs. Une étude a été menée pour étudier les effets du gel brut de feuilles d’Aloe barbadensis (Gelraw) sur la qualité et le potentiel fertilisant des spermatozoïdes du sperme de chèvre étendu. Le sperme a été collecté sur des boucs à l’aide d'un électro-éjaculateur et dilué avec du gel brut d’Aloe barbadensis (Gelraw) à 7,00 (GEYCE) + 0,00 (Gelraw), 5,25 (GEYCE) + 1,75 (Gelraw), 3,50 (GEYCE) + 3,50 (Gelraw). , 1,75(GEYCE)+5,25(Gelraw), 0,00(GEYCE)+7,00 (Gelraw) comme T1, T2, T3, T4 et T5 respectivement. Des échantillons de sperme étendus ont été évalués à 0, 24, 48 et 72 h pour déterminer leur qualité et leur potentiel fécondant les spermatozoïdes. Tous les traitements ont été répétés trois fois selon une conception complètement randomisée. Après 72 heures, l'intégrité normale des spermatozoïdes (NS) et de l’intégrité des acrosomes (IAc) des échantillons traités à 5,25 g/L de Gelraw a augmenté de manière significative à 78,33 ± 2,0 % et 82,23 ± 4,3 %, contre 67,33 ± 7,0 % et 73,33 ± 5,0 % respectivement dans le contrôle tandis que la motilité progressive (MP) et l’intégrité de la membrane plasmatique (IMP) n’étaient pas affectées de manière significative. Le gel d'Aloe barbadensis (Gelraw) ajouté au diluant à raison de 7,00 g/L a offert une cytoprotection aux spermatozoïdes de chevreuil prolongés pendant 72 heures.

A systemic review on Aloe vera derived natural biomaterials for wound healing applications

A handful of studies described the exploration of the preparation of diverse polymer-based materials made from natural resources for use in biomedical and industrial applications. Due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and similarity to the extracellular matrix in the human body, biopolymers can be transformed into a variety of forms for use in biomedical applications. These polymer-based dressings protect the wound site and help with a faster recovery of dermal and epidermal tissues. Aloe vera is a plant with various medicinal uses and has been shown effective in treating burns and wounds. Additionally, it is blended with other biopolymers for potential biological uses. The polysaccharides discovered in the Aloe vera leaf gel are discovered to be important for many of the plant's health advantages. Among the gel's biological functions include wound healing, antibacterial properties, antidiabetic benefits, anti-inflammatory effects, anti-cancer properties, and immunomodulatory characteristics. This study provides an overview of the numerous natural biopolymer-based wound healing materials and their various biomedical uses.

تقييم إضافة مستويات مختلفة من مسحوق وهلام أوراق الصبار في الأداء الإنتاجي وبعض صفات الذبائح لفروج اللحم

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Cactus (Aloe vera) leaf powder and gel on the productive performance and some characteristics of broiler carcasses. A total of 288 one-day-old broiler chicks (Ross -308) were randomly distributed among eight treatments, three replicates, and 12 birds per each replicate according to the complete random design (CRD). The first treatments were fed a basal diet (BD) and considered as a control treatment. The second treatment was fed BD supplemented with Neomycin as an antibiotic at 0.5 g/kg. Third, fourth, and fifth treatments were fed BD supplemented with Aloe vera powder at 5, 15, and 30 g/kg. Aloe vera gel at levels 5, 15, and 30 (ml/l) was administrated in drinking water to treatments sixth, seventh, and eighth respectively. Results indicated a significant improvement (P≤0.05) in final body weight (except T2 and T6) and total weight gain (except T6) for all supplemented treatments comparison to control. There was a significant decrease (p≤0.05) in total feed intake for all supplemented treatments as compared to the control, while there was a significant improvement in total feed conversion ratio in all supplemented treatments compared to the control. A significant increase (p≤0.05) in total water consumption in the T3, T4, T5 and T8 treatments as compared to control, and T2, T6, and T7, as well, a significant increase in the ratio of water consumption to feed for all supplemented treatments as compared with control. A significant increase (p≤0.05) in carcass weight and dressing percentage for all supplemented treatments except T2 and T6 as compared with the control. The performance index, production index, and protein efficiency ratio significantly were better than the control. In conclusion, Aloe vera leaf powder (5, 15, 30 g/kg) to broiler diets and leaf jell in drinking water (15 and 30 ml/l), could be used to improve production performance, carcass traits, performance index, production index, and protein efficiency ratio. The study also confirms that supplemented with 5 (g /kg) of Aloe vera leaf powder and 15-30 (ml /liter) of gel could be a successful alternative to the antibiotic Neomycin (0.5 g/ kg) in broiler diets.

Preparation and characterization of gel extracted from Aloe vera leaves

Background: Aloe vera (A. vera) leaf gel has been utilized recently to increase intestinal absorption and drug bioavailability, notably transdermal penetration. Thus, this work developed a production procedure and assessed the physico-chemical characteristics of A. vera leaf gel. Materials and methods: A. vera leaves were collected from Hue city, Thua Thien Hue province. A. vera gel was centrifuged and tested for polysaccharide using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), purity using UV-Vis spectroscopy, pH, viscosity, refractive index, and fiber content. Results: A. vera gel preparation involves receiving raw materials, cleaning leaves, cutting, filleting, extracting gel, and refining raw gel. The liquid-state, translucent, viscous gel had a pH of 4.68 ± 0.10, a viscosity of 0.854 ± 0.010 (St), a refractive index of 1.335 ± 0.001, an optical density of 0.064 ± 0.000, and a fiber content of 0.014 ± 0.001 (g). Gel containing polysaccharide components were determined by FT-IR spectroscopy. Conclusion: The gel isolated from A. vera leaves was effectively prepared and tested for its physico-chemical characteristics. Key words: Aloe vera, gel, physico-chemical properties.

Green Betel Leaf Gel (Piper betle) as an Alternative to Perineal Wound Healing in Postpartum Mothers

Perineal wounds are tears that occur when the baby is born either spontaneously or by using a tool or action. Administration of amoxicillin and mefenamic acid as pharmacological treatment is not enough for perineal wound healing. An alternative way to heal perineal wounds is using green betel leaf gel, which has the advantage of cold gel properties, so it can reduce pain. The gel has benefits as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiseptic, and antibacterial, so it can be used as a perineal wound treatment that can help accelerate perineal wound healing. This study aimed to prove the administration of green betel leaf gel (Piper betle) effect on perineal wound healing in postpartum mothers. This study is a quasy experiment with a pretest and posttest with a control group design. Through the technique of purposive sampling, it was found that 32 respondents were divided into two groups, the control group with clean, dry wound care and the intervention group, which was given green betel leaf gel twice a day for 7 days as measured using the REEDA score. Green betel leaf gel is effective for perineal wound healing on the 7th day compared to dry clean treatment.

Aloe adigratana Reynolds: Preliminary Phytochemical Screening, Proximate Content, Essential Oil Analysis, and In Vitro Antifungal Activity Studies of Its Leaf Peels and Gel.

Aloe species are among the most significant plants with several applications. Many of the species, however, are underexplored, owing to their scarcity and limited geographical distribution. A. adigratana Reynolds, which is common in Ethiopia, is one of the little-studied and endangered Aloe species. This preliminary study focuses on the phytochemical screening, proximate analysis, essential oil content, and antifungal activities of A. adigratana leaf peels. Antifungal activities were also tested on the gels of the plant for comparison. Standard procedures were used for phytochemical and proximate composition studies. Essential oil analysis was performed using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry instrument. Using the well-diffusion method, investigations on antifungal activity were performed on three clinically isolated specimens of dandruff-causing fungus; namely, Malassezia furfur, Malassezia restricta, and Malassezia globosa. The leaf peels of A. adigratana contained alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and terpenes. The mean moisture, ash, and crude fat levels were 85.69, 92.20, and 8.00%, respectively, whereas the mean total protein and mean total carbohydrate values were 2.59 and 3.04%. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry investigation confirmed the presence of fifteen essential oils. The most prevalent essential oil component was discovered to be phytol (33.78%), followed by decane (11.29%). In a dose-dependent way, the leaf latex and gel extracts prevented the growth of three dandruff-causing Malassezia fungal species (M. furfur, M. restricta, and M. globosa). Both the latex and gel demonstrated the maximum activity on M. globosa, the most prevalent fungus in the research area, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 0.24 and 0.48 mg/mL and minimum fungicidal concentrations of 0.48 and 0.97 mg/mL, respectively. In general, the proximate and essential oil compositions of A. adigratana leaves were comparable to those of other Aloe species widely used in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries, implying that A. adigratana could be a potential future plant for such industries.

Effect of Ethanolic extract of Aloe vera gel on certain common clinical pathogens

Antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Aloe vera were observed against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae . Aloe vera leaf gel was used for ethanolic extraction.Zones of inhibition in millimeter was used to measure the antimicrobial effect. Antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that ethanolic extract has growth inhibitory effects against the tested pathogens. Ethanolic extract of Aloe vera has growth inhibitory effects against tested pathogen seen by antimicrobial susceptibility testing

The absence of genotoxicity of Aloe vera beverages: A review of the literature.

Aloe has a long history of topical and systemic use with testimonials of countless health benefits and is one of the most popular botanical medicines in the world for the management of a wide variety both of benign and serious ailments including irritable bowel syndromes, osteoarthritis, Type II diabetes mellitus, and viral respiratory illness. The human consumption of Aloe vera extract in beverage form has substantially grown over the last several decades, in no small part, due to the increased consumer interest in alternative approaches to health benefits. The principal aim of the present paper is to characterize the research to date that has explored the genotoxic potential of Aloe vera inner leaf gel extract and decolorized whole leaf extract used in commercially available food-grade drinkable products which contain no more than 10ppm aloin. Despite prevailing public health opinion, especially in Europe, the consensus of the reviewed studies retrieved from the peer-reviewed literature together with a mutagenic evaluation of an Aloe vera whole leaf decolorized spray-dried powder is that these products are not genotoxic.

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, ANTIPYRETIC AND ANALGESIC ACTIVITIES OF CHLOROFORM EXTRACT OF ALOE BARBADENSIS MILLER IN ALBINO RATS

The pharmacological activities of the leaf gel of Aloe vera have been extensively evaluated. Gel and latex are two basic products of aloe leaves. Latex and gel contain biologically active components. Polysaccharides contained in the leaf gel attribute most of the health benefits like anti-inflammatory, pain and fever, associated with aloe vera. In the present study, chloroform extract of A. barbadensis at various concentrations was investigated for its anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic activities in albino rats. Twenty-four albino rats were randomly divided into three groups (control, standard and experimental group). Division of groups was the same for all activities. Control and standard groups contain 4 rats in each group whereas experimental group contains 16. All the rats in three groups were treated with carrageenan to induce oedema, Brewer’s yeast to induce pyrexia and acetic acid to induce pain. The control group was treated with normal saline for all the activities. Standard group rats were treated with the reference drug diclofenac for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities and paracetamol for antipyretic activity. Experimental group rats were given chloroform extract of A. barbadensis with 50, 100, 200 and 400mg/kg concentration. The result showed a significant inhibition (98%) in oedema at 3rd hour at the dose of 400mg/kg as compared to control group. For antipyretic activity, there was a significant reduction (66%) in pyrexia at 4th hour at the dose of 50mg/kg as compared to control group. And in analgesic model a significant reduction (64%) in the writhing at the dose of 400mg/kg as compared to control group. These results demonstrated that the chloroform extract of Aloe barbadensis miller have anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and analgesic activity and suggested its inhibitory actions on inflammation, fever and pain.