Taiwanese species of Gonioctena are revised based on morphological, molecular, and ecological information. Gonioctenasubgeminata (Chen, 1934), G.tredecimmaculata (Jacoby, 1888), G.kamikawai (Chûjô, 1958), and G.osawai Kimoto, 1996 are redescribed. The study confirms that Phytodectatredecimmaculatusvar.taiwanensis Achard, 1924 should be considered a junior synonym of G.tredecimmaculata (Jacoby, 1888), along with two new junior synonyms, G.ohmomoiCho et al. 2016 (syn. nov.) and G.riyuetanensisCho et al. 2016 (syn. nov.). Phytodecta (Asiphytodecta) issikii Chûjô, 1958 (syn. nov.) is treated as a junior synonym of Gonioctenascutellaris Baly, 1862, which is removed from synonym with G.fulva (Motschulsky, 1861) (stat. rev.) and redescribed. Gonioctenathoracica Baly, 1862 (syn. nov.), G.dichroa Fairmaire, 1888 (syn. nov.), and G.foochowensis Gruev, 1989 (syn. nov.) are proposed as junior synonyms of G.scutellaris Baly, 1862. A new species, G.liui sp. nov., is described and differentiated ecologically from G.scutellaris. Gonioctenanigroplagiata Baly, 1862 is newly recorded from Matsu Islands and redescribed. Host plants and biological information are provided for all Taiwanese species. Lectotypes are designated for G.scutellaris Baly, 1862, G.thoracica Baly, 1862, and G.nigroplagata Baly, 1862.
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