Lead Poisoning In Dogs Research Articles

Abstract

Treatment of lead poisoning in dogs; Ramsey, D. T., Casteel, S. W., Faggella, A. M., Chastasin, C. B., Nunn, J. W. & Schaeffer, D. J. (1996) Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 208, 371

Use of orally administered succimer (meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid) for treatment of lead poisoning in dogs

Objective— To determine whether succimer (meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid) would be effective in reducing blood lead concentration in dogs with naturally acquired lead poisoning and whether treated dogs would develop clinically important adverse effects. Design— Prospective case series. Animals— 13 dogs with moderate-to-high blood lead concentrations (39 to 120 μg/dl) and clinical signs of lead poisoning. Procedure— Dogs were treated with succimer (10 mg/ kg of body weight, PO, q 8 h) for 10 days. Blood and urine samples were analyzed for lead concentration before, during, and after treatment with succimer. Results— Mean blood lead concentrations on days 0, 3, 7, and 20 were 70.6, 32.7, 16.8, and 27.6 μg/dl, respectively. Mean blood lead concentrations decreased 53.6, 76.2, and 60.9% from pretreatment value on days 3, 7, and 20, respectively. Mean urine lead concentrations on days 0, 3, 7, and 20 were 70.0, 485.4, 254.3, and 28.3 μg/dl, respectively. Clinical Implications— In dogs with naturally acquired lead poisoning, succimer administered orally for 10 days effectively reduced blood lead concentrations and eliminated clinical signs of lead poisoning. (J Am Vet Med Assoc 1996;208:371-375)

A comparison of calcium disodium ethylene diamine tetra‐acetate (CaEDTA) by oral and subcutaneous routes as a treatment of lead poisoning in dogs

ABSTRACTFour dogs accidentally poisoned by lead on a farm were used in a study to compare the efficacy of oral and injectable CaEDTA as chelating agent. Blood lead concentrations indicated that though both routes of administration were effective in reducing the lead levels, the injectable route appeared to reduce the lead level to within the normal range in a shorter period. The oral route, however, has the advantage that hospitalization is not required and it avoids the discomfort of numerous injections of the chelating agent.

Diagnosis of lead poisoning in dogs.

Australian Veterinary JournalVolume 62, Issue 12 p. 434-435 Diagnosis of lead poisoning in dogs T-S KOH, T-S KOH Central Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Agriculture, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Frome Road, Adelaide, South Australia 5000Search for more papers by this author T-S KOH, T-S KOH Central Veterinary Laboratories, Department of Agriculture, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, Frome Road, Adelaide, South Australia 5000Search for more papers by this author First published: December 1985 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-0813.1985.tb14139.xCitations: 4AboutRelatedInformationPDFPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessClose modalShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume62, Issue12December 1985Pages 434-435 RelatedInformation RecommendedDogsBreed Predispositions to Disease in Dogs and Cats, [1]Paralytic shellfish poisoning and palytoxin poisoning in dogsNicola Bates, Cassandra Morrison, Leah Flaig, Andrew D Turner, Veterinary RecordSalmon Poisoning Disease in Dogs: 29 CasesJ.E. Sykes, S.L. Marks, S. Mapes, R.M. Schultz, R.E. Pollard, D. Tokarz, P.P. Pesavento, L.L. Lindsay, J.E. Foley, Journal of Veterinary Internal MedicineDiagnosis of rickettsial diseases in dogs and catsRobin W. Allison, Susan E. Little, Veterinary Clinical PathologyPrevalence of the breed‐related glaucomas in pure‐bred dogs in North AmericaKirk N. Gelatt, Edward O. MacKay, Veterinary Ophthalmology

Diagnosis of lead poisoning in dogs.

Diagnosis of lead poisoning in dogs.

An outbreak of lead poisoning in dogs.

An outbreak of lead toxicosis in working dogs on a sheep farm is described. The affected dogs exhibited neurological signs which appeared to be initiated by strenuous physical activity. Radiological examination and estimation of urinary delta aminolevulinic acid (U-ALA) was not found to be useful for clinical diagnosis but blood lead estimation was helpful in detecting and confirming dogs that were exposed to lead. Gross pathological lesions were absent in a lead poisoned dog. However, histopathological lesions were seen in brain and bone. Acid-fast lead inclusion were not detected in liver and kidney epithelial cells but were present in osteoclasts.

Blood lead, urinary delta aminolevulinic acid and the diagnosis of lead poisoning in dogs.

Blood lead, urinary delta aminolevulinic acid and the diagnosis of lead poisoning in dogs.

Acid fast inclusions in tissues of dogs dosed with lead

Liver, kidney and bone from dogs with experimental lead toxicosis were examined to study the frequency of occurrence of acid fast inclusions and the results were correlated with the lead content of these tissues. Light and electron micrscopic studies revealed that bone and kidney had characteristic acid fast lead inclusions in 95 and 68 per cent of cases, respectively. Liver, although it had a high lead content, did not often show inclusions. For histopathological diagnosis of lead poisoning in dogs, we suggest that Ziehl-Nielsen stained sections of the epiphyseal area of long bone be examined for the presence of acid fast inclusions in osteoclasts.

Lead intoxication in urban dogs.

Pet animals share man's urban environment, dwelling even in his home, and are thus exposed to the same ecologic hazards. The study of lead poisoning and other toxicologic diseases in dogs and other pets may afford valuable insight into human environmental health problems. The purpose of this report is to summarize data gathered from a large number of accidentally lead-poisoned dogs studied at a large urban animal hospital (Angell Memorial Animal Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts), to review the published data of others on lead intoxication in accidentally and experimentally poisoned dogs, and to compare features of lead poisoning in dogs with those in man. The information contained herein is offered to alert the medical profession to the occurrence and nature of lead poisoning in dogs, to establish the value of dogs as natural and experimental models for lead toxicity studies, and to indicate the usefulness of dogs and other pet animals as biologic barometers of environmental poisons dangerous to man. 43 references.

Effects of low level lead ingestion in sheep.

AbstractLead intoxication is common among young urban dogs. The age, seasonal, and slum occurrence is similar to that in children. The clinical signs, radiographic, hematologic, and urinary changes, and the tissue lesions are also comparable to those in children. Because of these similarities, the study of accidental and experimental lead poisoning in dogs may be of considerable comparative interest. It is suggested that the study of known or suspected toxicologic diseases and the blood or tissue accumulation of various toxicants in urban pets, especially dogs and cats, might be of considerable value in determining the hazards of environmental lead and other toxins for urban man.

The Pathologic Anatomy of Lead Poisoning in Dogs.

Thirty-two dogs diagnosed as having lead poisoning were studied postmortem. Enlarged, pale staining nuclei of renal proximal tubular cells and hepatocytes were present in all affected dogs and frequently contained acid-fast inclusions. Bone changes consisting of persistent, thick cartilaginous trabeculae rimmed with bone caused radiopaque bands in the metaphyses of eight immature dogs. Brain lesions were characterized by vascular damage. Distended arterioles and capillaries were lined with swollen or necrotic endothelium and were often surrounded by hemorrhage and edema. These changes were associated with laminar necrosis in the cerebral cortex. Proliferation of new capillaries and gliosis occurred in dogs with chronic encephalopathies. Other changes included hyperplasia of bone marrow, metarubricytes in blood vessels, necrosis of occasional striated muscle fibers, decreased numbers of sperm and ovarian follicles, and peripheral neuropathy.

Observations on mortality of young dogs in New Zealand

Abstract Extract This limited survey was initiated to obtain a better understanding of the causes of mortality in dogs between weaning and one year of age. The particular interests were to examine cases of distemper to compare the histopathology with the findings of Lauder et al. (1954) and also to obtain further information on lead poisoning in dogs as described by Staples and Dodd (1956).

The Direct Coombs Test in Lead Poisoning

Abstract 1. The anemia produced by lead intoxication in humans as well as experimentally induced lead poisoning in dogs results in a positive direct Coombs test. 2. The direct antiglobulin test will become positive within twenty-four hours in cases of severe lead poisoning produced experimentally in dogs. 3. The blood from cases of severe lead poisoning in dogs will form a layer phenomenon when allowed to stand with the formation of a supernatant fraction of cells above the packed erythrocytes. These cells remain suspended in the plasma for many hours. This superior fraction on a column of blood has a high per cent of reticulocytes, and cells with coarse basophilic stippling. The direct Coombs test is positive in the superior fraction of such a column. The positivity decreases as the sampling approaches the bottom. In many instances the whole blood direct Coombs test may be negative and the cells from the superior portion of the column be strongly positive. The latter phenomenon was also found in asymptomatic workers exposed to lead in a smelting plant. 4. The possible significance of the correlation of the direct anti-globulin reaction and cell immaturity or chemical trauma to the membrane is briefly discussed.

Experimental lead-poisoning in dogs

Abstract Extract Although the dangers of lead and its compounds to farm animals, especially cattle, have been recognized for many years, there are few recorded cases of lead-poisoning in dogs. Mitchell (1940) describes the clinical picture and post-mortem findings in one case and also comments on the dearth of information. Both Lieberman (1948) and Bond and Kubin (1949) report on a number of cases examined by them at their clinics.