Sludge Leachate Research Articles

Determination and Optimization of Aerobic and Anaerobic Decomposition of Paper Sludge

The processing of paper sludge is currently an important environmental topic due to its high global production. The aim of this study is to monitor the biodegradation of paper sludge when the initial conditions change. Biodegradability tests 301F and OECD 311 were used to determine biodegradation. The data obtained from the tests were subsequently obtained for the simulation in MATLAB R2023b. The highest aerobic decomposition was approximately 80% after 28 days at an initial concentration of paper sludge leachate of 76 g/L. By simulating 3D modelling, we can predict that with a retention time of 1 day with degradation under aerobic conditions at the level of 70%, the ideal initial concentration of organic substances will be 157.55 g/L. Based on this model, it is possible to estimate that with a biogas production of 554 m3/tVS and a decomposition time of 20 days, it is necessary to set a concentration of approximately 128 g/L. Based on biodegradability tests, paper sludge was evaluated as suitable for aerobic or anaerobic biological decomposition.

Simultaneous hydroxyapatite-based phosphorus recovery and partial denitrification-anammox-based nitrogen removal during sludge leachate treatment

Anammox has been widely applied for treating high ammonia‑nitrogen leachate, but challenges remain due to the phosphorus in the wastewater and by-products nitrate (NO3−). Therefore, we combined partial denitrification-anammox and hydroxyapatite crystallization within a single UASB reactor. This method achieved an effluent with a 4.27 ± 0.45 mg TN/L and a maximum PO43− removal efficiency of 68.31 ± 5.42 %. The addition of excess calcium led to an increase in phenylalanine-like substances, the humification index (HIX) of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), and the MLVSS/MLSS ratio. These changes indicated that hydroxyapatite coated the initial granular sludge, causing it to crack and re-granulate, but the MLVSS didn't decrease significantly. Therefore, calcium addition didn't significantly impact the function of biomass. Metagenomic analysis revealed that by-products NO3− was removed through partial denitrification using in-situ refractory dissolved organic matters in SL. The formation of hydroxyapatite crystals is the main pathway for PO43− removal, and biological process also contributed to some PO43− removal. Overall, our study provided a viable solution for the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and recovery of phosphorus from high ammonia‑nitrogen wastewater.

Refractory dissolved organic matters in sludge leachate trigger the combination of anammox and denitratation for advanced nitrogen removal

The cost-effective treatment of sludge leachate (SL) with high nitrogen content and refractory dissolved organic matter (rDOM) has drawn increasing attention. This study employed, for the first time, a rDOM triggered denitratation-anammox continuous-flow process to treat landfill SL. Moreover, the mechanisms of exploiting rDOM from SL as an inner carbon source for denitratation were systematically analyzed. The results demonstrated outstanding nitrogen and rDOM removal performance without any external carbon source supplement. In this study, effluent concentrations of 4.27 ± 0.45 mgTIN/L and 5.58 ± 1.64 mgTN/L were achieved, coupled with an impressive COD removal rate of 65.17 % ± 1.71 %. The abundance of bacteria belonging to the Anaerolineaceae genus, which were identified as rDOM degradation bacteria, increased from 18.23 % to 35.62 %. As a result, various types of rDOM were utilized to different extents, with proteins being the most notable, except for lignins. Metagenomic analysis revealed a preference for directing electrons towards NO3−-N reductase rather than NO2−-N reductase, indicating the coupling of denitratation bacteria and anammox bacteria (Candidatus Brocadia). Overall, this study introduced a novel synergy platform for advanced nitrogen removal in treating SL using its inner carbon source. This approach is characterized by low energy consumption and operational costs, coupled with commendable efficiency.

Experimental Study on Solidification of Leachate Sludge with High Salt Content by Waste Incineration Bottom Slag

This paper takes the leachate sludge produced from the Guangzhou refuse landfill as the research object and selects sulfoaluminate cement as the fixation to solidify/stabilize the sludge. Meanwhile, bottom-slag is selected as the supplementary fixation. Through unconfined compressive strength test and Scanning electron microscope (SEM), the effect of the mixing amount of cement and bottom-slag on the sludge’s strength is systematically studied. Results show that sulfoaluminate cement can improve the strength of solidified sludge. Sulfoaluminate cement can increase the strength of samples by promoting the hydration reaction, but the effect is better when the content exceeds 40%. When the cement content is fixed, the strength of the sample increases with the bottom slag content. When the bottom slag content exceeds 10%, the proportion of cement in the hydration reaction will decrease, and then the strength of the sample will increase first and then decrease. In addition, under different cement contents, the sample will reach the peak value when the bottom slag content is 10%. Thus, 40% cement + 10% bottom slag is the relative optimal content.

Diversity of Anammox Bacteria from Landfill Treatment Plant Sludge in Tropical Area

The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process is known as the warm process. Tropical areas have an advantage due to their consistent temperature throughout the year. This study analyzed the diversity of anammox bacteria in the tropical area using leachate sludge from a landfill as an inoculum in a filter bioreactor (FtBR) and observed nitrogen removal performance. Ammonium and nitrite concentrations of 70, 150, and 200 mg-N/L were delivered into the reactor continuously with hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 24 h and 12 h and run for 131 days at ambient tropical temperature (25–28 °C). High performance achieved with nitrogen removal rate (NRR), nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE), and ammonium conversion efficiency (ACE) were 0.866 kg-N/m3.d, 99.19%, and 98.90%, respectively. The cultivated leachate sludge could perform an anammox process with four anammox species, Candidatus Brocadia fulgida, Candidatus Brocadia sapporoensis, Candidatus Brocadia sp uncultured, Candidatus Jettenia sp with abundance 6.52%, 13.82%, 0.77%, and 0.69%, respectively. These findings contribute to the advancement of biotechnology in wastewater treatment, particularly in tropical countries, and highlight the potential for highly cost-effective technology.

Experimental study on solidification/stabilization of leachate sludge by sulfoaluminate cement and MSWI by-products.

Leachate sludge is generated from the biochemical treatment sludge tank for disposing the leachate from landfill municipal solid waste (MSW). It has the characteristics of high water content and high organic matter content. Sulfoaluminate cement (SAC) is used as the main curing agent, and municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) by-products are used as auxiliary curing agents to solidify/stabilize the leachate sludge. The influences of SAC content and MSWI by-products content on the strength and solidification mechanism of the leachate sludge are investigated by unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test and micro-observation tests. Moreover, the leaching concentration of heavy metals of the solidified samples is analyzed by leaching toxicity test. The results show that the UCS of the solidified samples increases with an increase in cement content. When the cement content is larger than 20%, the UCS of the solidified samples satisfies the strength requirement of landfill. The enhancing effect of bottom ash on the cement-solidified samples is slight. The fly ash is a good auxiliary curing agent for improving the UCS of cement-solidified samples, and the optimal dosage of fly ash is 5% and 15% for the solidified samples with 10 ~ 30% and 40 ~ 50% cement content, respectively. Ten percent fly ash can replace 10% cement to achieve better solidification effect for the solidified samples. The leaching concentration of heavy metals in the solidified sample with 30%/40% cement and 15% fly ash/bottom ash can satisfy the strength and leaching toxicity requirements of landfill. The immobilization of heavy metal of the cement and MSWI by-products solidified samples is mainly achieved through physical adsorption, physical encapsulation, ion exchange, and chemical precipitation.

A fungal-algal self-flocculation system and its application to treat filter sludge leachate in the sugar industry

The efficient and economical treatment of wastewater using microalgae has attracted much attention. However, harvesting microalgae cells from treated wastewater remains challenging. In the present study, a Chlorella vulgaris suspension containing filamentous fungi Aspergillus niger and Chaetomium gracile was successfully used to construct a self-flocculating system, with a microalgae flocculation efficiency of 99.6% achieved by gravity sedimentation within 4 h. The diameter of fungi played an important role in determining flocculation efficiency, and the optimal particle size was 10 mm. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results indicated that the sweeping action of fungal mycelia and the interaction between the functional groups of fungi and the C. vulgaris surface contributed to improve flocculation. Co-cultivation of C. vulgaris and fungi could effectively remove 83.53%, 94.45% and 76.88% of total phosphorus, total nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand, respectively, from the sludge leachate from a sugar mill. The fungal-algal biomass reached 5.75 g/L. Herein, the constructed self-flocculation system had coupled efficient flocculation of C. vulgaris with removal of pollutants from wastewater in a short period of time, and providing a green, pollution-free, low-cost method for simultaneous wastewater treatment and the production of high quality biomass.

Onsite treatment of wastes in municipal waste incinerator: Co-sintering of fly ash and leachate sludge into value-added ceramic granule

The leachate sludge (LS) and fly ash (FA) are the foci of hazardous wastes which generated from the municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI). The current work developed a new way to use energy from MSWI process for the on-site sintering of LS and FA at a relatively low temperature. With the assistance of CaF2, granule of LS and MSWI FA were co-sintered. The influence of temperature, the mass of CaF2, and the mass ratio of LS/MSWI FA were investigated. As a result, heavy metals volatilization and leaching in the form of chlorinated salts were controlled. In addition, CaF2 improved the compressive strength of the granule under low-temperature sintering. Moreover, the scale-up co-sintering test was achieved in an MSWI chamber. The results showed that the optimum condition was sintering at 973K for 1 h. The compressive strength of sintered product reached 4.25 MPa, which met the standard of ceramic granule. Moreover, with the addition of CaF2, the volatilization rate of Pb, Zn, and Cd decreased by 6%, 7%, and 6%, respectively. This method can be a promising technique for the utilization of solid wastes.

Removal and Adsorption Mechanisms of Phosphorus, Cd and Pb from Wastewater Conferred by Landfill Leachate Sludge-Derived Biochar

There is a high treatment cost and secondary pollution to the environment due to the high organic content and complex composition in landfill leachate sludge in refuse incineration power plants. Landfill leachate sludge-derived biochar (LLSDB) was prepared via pyrolysis in order to realize its resource utilization and remove pollutants from wastewater. The study focused on the removal of nutrients phosphorus and heavy metals (Cd(II) and Pb(II)) from wastewater through the adsorption process using LLSDB. The investigation also looked into the kinetics and thermodynamics of the adsorption process. It was found that the Freundlich–Temkin–Langmuir model was the best model for describing the initial concentration of total phosphorus, (TP) 0–1.0, 1.0–20, and 20–120 mg/L, respectively, while the Freundlich–Langmuir model was the best model for Cd(II) 100–500 mg/L, Pb(II) 500–5000 mg/L, respectively. Additionally, while the exothermic entropy reduction process for TP (˂1.0 mg/L) was spontaneous, the endothermic entropy increment processes for TP (≥1.0 mg/L), Pb(II) and Cd(II) in wastewater increased with the adsorption temperature. It was inferred for the adsorption mechanism of LLSDB that the adsorption of low concentrations of TP, Cd(II) and Pb(II) from wastewater was mainly physical adsorption, following a linear distribution, while that of high concentrations was mainly chemical adsorption because of a series of chemical reactions; TP, Cd(II) and Pb(II) from wastewater were nicely adsorbed and removed by LLSDB600, which was an incredibly superior strategy for controlling waste with waste.

The Feasibility Evaluation of Nitrogen Recovery from Tannery Sludge Leachate Combined with Phosphogypsum Leachate by the Struvite Precipitation

The Feasibility Evaluation of Nitrogen Recovery from Tannery Sludge Leachate Combined with Phosphogypsum Leachate by the Struvite Precipitation

Immobilization of heavy metals in tannery sludge by the formation of tobermorite in subcritical water treatment with rice husk silica.

Tannery sludge, heavy metals (HMs) enriched hazardous solid waste, is produced extensively in many regions of the world. Even though the sludge is hazardous, it can be considered a material resource, if organic matter and HMs in the sludge can be stabilized to minimize its negative environmental impacts. This research aimed to evaluate the efficacy of using subcritical water (SCW) treatment for tannery sludge treatment through immobilization and thus reduction of HMs to mitigate their potential environmental risk and toxicity. HMs in the tannery sludge were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and the average concentration of HMs (mg kg-1) was found in the following decreasing order of Cr (12 950) > Fe (1265) > Cu (76) > Mn (44) > Zn (36) > Pb (14) with very high Cr concentration. The result of toxicity characteristics leaching procedure and sequential extraction procedure tests revealed that the raw tannery sludge leachate contained 11.24 mg L-1 Cr, which classified the raw tannery sludge into a very high-risk category. After SCW treatment, the concentration of Cr in leachate was reduced to 1.6 mg L-1 indicating risk reduction to a low-risk category. The eco-toxicity levels of other HMs also decreased considerably after SCW treatment. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis were employed to identify the effective immobilizing substances formed in the SCW treatment process. The favorable formation of immobilizing orthorhombic tobermorite (Ca5Si6O16(OH)2·4H2O) at 240 °C in the SCW treatment process was confirmed by XRD and SEM analysis. The results confirmed that the formation of 11 Å tobermorite is capable of strongly immobilizing HMs in the SCW treatment process. Further, both orthorhombic 11 Å tobermorite and 9 Å tobermorite were successfully synthesized by SCW treatment on a mixture of tannery sludge including rice husk silica and Ca(OH)2 with water under rather mild conditions. Hence, it can be concluded that SCW treatment of tannery sludge with supplementary silica from rice husk can effectively immobilize the HMs and significantly reduce their environmental risk through tobermorite formation.

Impact on the antioxidant system, histology, and cell death of zebrafish liver after exposure to industrial sludge leachate.

The improper disposal of sludge is a still-present phenomenon in China. The leachate formed at the bottom of the sludge pile would cause toxicological effects on aquatic organisms and affect the health of humans by entering the surrounding rivers and groundwater. In this study, the hepatotoxicity of zebrafish induced by sludge leachate was assessed by antioxidant enzyme activities, semi-quantitative histopathological assessment, and TUNEL apoptosis assay. The results indicated that the leachate would induce oxidative stress and eventually lead to an increase in lipid peroxide after a 7-day exposure. The histopathological indexes demonstrated that exposure to leachate would cause histological damage by circulatory disturbances, regressive changes, progressive changes, and inflammatory responses. According to the TUNEL results, it could be inferred that apoptotic hepatocytes increased after exposure for 7days due to oxidative stress and histological damage. Overall, this study provided a valuable approach to assessing the toxic effects of sludge leachate and described the underlying mechanism of leachate-induced hepatotoxicity in zebrafish. This work will generate new insights into the ecological toxicity of leachate and promote the development of sludge disposal in China.

In-situ recycling strategy for co-treatment of antimony-rich sludge char and leachate: Pilot-scale application in an engineering case

A novel in-situ recycling strategy is proposed for the co-disposal of antimony-rich dewatered sludge char (ADSC) and sludge leachate, and this strategy is further applied in a pilot-scale pre-treatment system. The preparation and operating conditions of lightweight micro-electrolysis ceramic fillers (LMCF) for ADSC were systematically studied, and LMCF characterisations and working mechanisms were scrutinised using SEM-mapping, XRD, XPS, EPR, BET, GF-AAS and CV examination. The results indicated that optimal preparation parameters for LMCF operation were 35% iron scrap content, a 1:2 vol ratio for Fe/ADSC, which was sintered at 900 ℃ for 2 h. Under the initial pH was 3.0 and the aerating intensity was 1 cm3·cm−2·s−1, the Sb-species were concentrated on the porous surface of the LMCF, degraded by various reactive oxygen species (ROS) released from Fe-C cells, and co-precipitated with FeOOH on the used LMCF surface. Thirty-one days of pilot-scale operations indicated that backwash was essential to maintain the LMCF with high efficiency regarding the total Sb removal and the biodegradability improvement of the actual sludge leachate. Lastly, preliminary economic assessment and suggestions for engineering-scale application were proposed.

Calcined eggshells in anaerobic digestion: Buffering acidification in AD and evaluating end products from phosphate adsorption as soil conditioners

The conversion of biowaste to a material that can improve environmental processes contributes to the circular economy. This study uses calcined eggshells as a new approach to counteract excessive acidification and alleviate low pH in anaerobic digestion. Calcined eggshells (900 °C, 30 min) addition in AD systems fed with 8 g L−1 glucose alleviated pH drop and showed substantially higher methane generation than the control. The pH value at the control was 5.63 due to the high VFAs, which severely inhibited the AD process, while after the addition of calcined eggshells, the pH was 7.13 producing significantly higher methane. Soluble CO2 had a higher adsorption affinity towards calcined eggshells than phosphates and negatively influenced the phosphate adsorption; however, this contributes to pH increase. By contrast, flushing with N2 showed high phosphate removal. Furthermore, calcined eggshells demonstrated high phosphate removal for anaerobic dewatered sludge leachates and anaerobic effluent wastewater (>78.4%) within the first 20 min. After the adsorption/precipitation of phosphate from anaerobic effluent, the solid residue positively affected plant growth for Sinapis alba and Lepidium sativum seeds. This new proof of concept contributes to the circular economy; the calcined eggshells are integrated with anaerobic digestion both in-situ for buffering acidification and ex-situ for phosphate removal and potential use as a soil conditioner.

Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) ash co-disposal: Influence on per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) concentration in landfill leachate

Municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) ash is often managed through co-disposal with unburned wastes in landfills, a practice previously reported to result in enhanced leaching of pollutants (e.g., heavy metals) in landfill leachate. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of co-disposed unburned wastes on per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in MSWI ash landfill leachate. Leachate was collected from four landfills containing MSWI ash, either as a sole waste stream or co-disposed of with sewage sludge and MSW screenings. Samples of ash and unburned materials were collected and assessed separately for leachable PFAS in the laboratory. All samples were analyzed for 26 PFAS. Results showed that greater ash content was associated with lower leachate PFAS concentrations. The pure ash monofill exhibited the lowest PFAS in landfill leachate (290 ng L−1) while the landfill contained a large amount of unburned waste had the highest PFAS (11,000 ng L−1). For laboratory leaching tests, average ∑26PFAS concentration in lab ash leachate (310 ng L−1) was 10 and 24 times lower than observed in lab sewage sludge leachate (3,200 ng L−1) and lab MSW screenings leachate (7,500 ng L−1), respectively. Leachate from the ash-only landfill had ∑26PFAS concentration similar to what was measured in the ash itself. On the contrary, ∑26PFAS concentration in co-disposal landfill leachates were similar to those in PFAS-rich unburned waste itself, regardless of the percentages of landfilled unburned wastes. We hypothesize that leachate generated in co-disposal scenarios preferentially flows through PFAS-rich unburned materials and that biotransformation of precursors enhanced by unburned waste degradation further contributes to higher concentrations of terminal PFAS in ash co-disposal sites. Landfill operators should expect PFAS in leachates to be higher when PFAS-rich unburned wastes are disposed of alongside MSWI ash, even if the unburned fraction is small.

Characteristics and adsorption of Cr(VI) of biochar pyrolyzed from landfill leachate sludge

Landfill leachate sludge (LLS), originated from the infiltration of rainwater through dumping sites of waste and water contained in landfills, is a specific type of sewage. Since its large amount, environmental unfriendliness and compositional instability, the sustainable management and disposal of LLS requires urgent attention. In this study, LLS disposal problem was addressed along with the removal of chromium (Cr) from water. Firstly, the thermal behaviors of LLS were investigated through TG analysis. Secondly, LLS-based biochar (SC) was prepared in a tubular furnace, and the effect of pyrolysis temperature on the yield and properties of SC was investigated. Finally, using SC900 as Cr(VI) adsorbent, the influence of various factors on Cr(VI) adsorption were investigated. BET, FTIR, and XPS analyses were performed to determine the characteristics of SC and the variation of SC before and after adsorption. Results showed that, TG curve of LLS exhibited a rapid mass loss of 54.15% between 220 and 525 °C due to the cleavage of C-O and C-C bonds with the release of large amounts of CO2. The SC yields were in the range of 10.81–22.16% when the pyrolysis temperature ranged from 400° to 900°C. The optimal pyrolysis temperature for the preparation of the SCs was determined to be 900 °C, and SC900 had a relatively high BET surface area of 83.87 m2/g. exhibited the highest Cr(VI) adsorption of 17.46 mg/g. The main oxygen-containing functional groups (-OH, C-O, CO) present in the SC played an important role to adsorbed Cr(VI) and reduced it to Cr(III) at a low pH. As a result, 76.5–85.3% of the adsorbed Cr(VI) was reduced to the less toxic Cr(III). Moreover, only 0.52% (1.56 ppm) of the adsorbed Cr (from a 300 ppm solution) leached from SC900, which indicated the high stability of the adsorbed Cr in the SC.

Separation of zinc and iron from secondary manganese sulfate leachate by solvent extraction

Purification of concentrated manganese sulfate solution by solvent extraction is discussed in this paper. The use of bis(2-ethylhexyl)hydrogen phosphate(D2EHPA) and bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid (BTMPPA) was studied in removal of impurities from zinc electrowinning anode sludge leachates. Over 99% of zinc and iron were removed by both extractants at around pH3 in two mixer-settlers operating in continuous countercurrent mode at a solvent-to-feed (S/F) ratio of 0.43 and T = 22 ± 1 °C. BTMPPA had higher selectivity for zinc and iron over manganese than D2EHPA under all experimental conditions. Extraction of manganese was typically below 10% and can be limited by crowding the extractants, since the fraction of manganese in both loaded extractants was decreased by decreasing organic to aqueous volumetric ratio (O/A). A significant amount of the co-extracted Mn was recovered by selective stripping with 0.5 M sulfuric acid. Extraction by BTMPPA was more sensitive to pH adjustment than extraction by D2EHPA. Increasing the mean residence time in mixer from 3.6 min to6.0 min improved the removal of zinc and iron with BTMPPA but the change in residence time had little or no effect on zinc and iron removal with D2EHPA.

Investigation on the Efficiency of Modified Fenton on the Treatment of Leachate Generated From Oily Sludge Composting

Background: and Aim The leachate from oil sludge compost into the environment, which is resistant to decomposition, causes several environmental problems. Therefore, it needs to be treated using efficient processes. This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of the modified Fenton process for treating these oil sludge leachates. Methods & Materials: In this experimental study, leachate samples were collected, and then modified Fenton solution was prepared by adding Fe2 (SO4) 3 to H2O2. Then the effect of time parameters (15, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes), modified Fenton concentration of 20, 50, 100, and 200 mg/l with pH 3, 5, 9, and three initial concentration of COD (500, 1000 and 1500 mg/l) was examined. Ethical Considerations: This study has been registered in Arak University of Medical Sciences with codes 2645 and 2765. Results: The reduction of COD and TPH in the optimal time of 60 minutes, initial COD of 500 mg/l, pH of 3, and Fenton concentration of 200 mg/l were 9.04 and 77.42%, respectively. The experiments showed that the removal efficiency of COD and TPH with increasing residence time and the concentration of modified Fenton are directly proportional and with decreasing, the initial concentration of COD and pH is inversely proportional. Conclusion: The use of modified Fenton is an efficient method for treating leachate from petroleum sludge compo

Human Cell Culture, a Pertinent In Vitro Model to Evaluate the Toxicity of Landfill Leachate/Sewage Sludge. A Review

Both landfill leachate and sewage sludge are complex mixtures of many potentially toxic substances in unknown and unpredictable amounts and concentrations. Both types of matrices can pose a risk to human health and the functioning of ecosystems if released into the environment. Therefore, constant monitoring of the toxicity of these mixtures is necessary. However, traditional methods of analysis of sewage sludge/landfill leachate are mainly based on physicochemical studies that do not fully reflect the effects of these mixtures on living organisms. For this purpose, research based on biological models, including mammalian, mainly human, cells is recommended and increasingly implemented. A variety of cytotoxicity tests, based on various metabolic transformations in living cells, are a very useful tool in landfill leachate/sewage sludge toxicology studies. This paper reviews the methods used in the study of the cytotoxicity of environmental matrices and the cell lines used in these studies as biological models.

TakaFert: Biofertilizer of Leachate Sludge and Food Wastes by Takakura Composting

Municipal waste is growing rapidly due to the increase in the human population. Higher production of leachate from the treatment plant also cause problems to the landfills storage. Takakura composting method (TCM) is one of the techniques that is frequently used to recycle and transform the organic materials into a natural fertilizer. In this project, the leachate sludge will be mix together with food waste in order to enhance the degradation of the organic matter. The use of cultivated microorganisms which will be produced from the fermentation solution. The physical and chemical analyses were observed in order to determine the rate of microbial activity optimum condition of the good compost. The parameters that were analyzed are temperature, moisture content, pH value, NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium) and heavy metals concentration. All four types of compost with 1 kg weight ended with a neutral pH in the range 7-8 after 5 weeks’ observations. NPK content for potassium is from 57 ppm to 104 ppm, phosphorus is from 2.5 ppm to 15 ppm and nitrogen is from 0.9% to 3 %. For heavy metal content at the end of the observation, all composts have a low level of Pb, Cd, Cu, Zn and Cr where it is safe to be used in agriculture activities. As a conclusion, the compost in this study is sufficient to be used in agricultural purposes, and the optimum condition of the compost was demonstrated by Compost C which uses the ratio of 0.3: 0.2: 0.5 (gram).