LCD Touch Screen Research Articles

Development of an ESP32 Microcontroller-based Colorimeter with an Android App for the Verification of Roasting Degree of Coffee Beans

A lo w-cost and portable colorimeter was developed using an ESP32 microcontroller and a TCS34725 color sensor to monitor the degree of coffee roast, crucial for maintaining flavor consistency and controlling product quality across different batches. The colorimeter detected color recognition resulting in RGB color intensity values, which could be displayed on the device’s TFT LCD touchscreen. Additionally, colorimetric data was transmitted in real-time via WiFi and stored in a MySQL database using an Android app created with the MIT App Inventor platform. The colorimeter was powered by a rechargeable lithium phosphate battery. The consistency of coffee roasting was ensured by self-identifying the standard RGB values of the roasted coffee beans at five degrees (light, light-medium, medium, medium-dark, and dark) with the app. The darker the color of the roasted coffee, the lower the RGB values were gained. The color detection was highly precise, with a relative standard deviation of less than 5%.

Maturity stages detection prototype device for classifying custard apple (Annona squamosa L) fruit using image processing approach

Custard apple (Annona squamosa L.) is commercially grown for its sweetness, delicacy, and nutraceutical benefits across the world. Fruit must be harvested from trees before the climacteric stage begins for stabilizing the maturation process and perishability, which otherwise restricts longer shelf–life. Therefore, maturity–based grading or classifying custard apple fruit in accordance with their ripening is required for commercial marketing and industrial storage purposes. This is a crucial task that agriculturists and the food processing industries must have to perform manually, which is ineffective and susceptible to human errors. In this research, we have proposed an image processing–based maturity stages detection prototype device for fruit classification of custard apple (Cv. Balanagar) based on changes in their physical, chemical and imaging features (skin color of fruit areoles). The newly developed handheld device comprises of a Raspberry Pi board, camera module, LCD touch screen, and image processing algorithms to identify five essential maturity stages i.e. 0 %, 25 %, 50 %, 75 % and 100 % areoles opening of custard apple. The images were pre–processed and segmented, after which imaging aspects of custard apple fruit including relative R, G and B components were extracted and their relationship with chemical properties such as TSS was established. For classification of captured images, K–means clustering and SVM algorithms were performed on Raspberry Pi Platform with model training and classifier codes in Python (3.9.6) to get desired results. The statistical analysis revealed a substantial difference between the maturity stages in terms of R, G and TSS. Overall, 100 % accuracy was accomplished with respect to the grading of custard apple fruit at varied maturity. This could be a low–cost device useful for farm–level custard apple fruit classification, minimising economic losses caused by faulty supply entering the marketing chain. With slight modifications in algorithms, this device could also be used to assess the maturity of other fruit crops. It could be also an alternative to several expensive approaches being used for automating the maturity grading process that is not feasible, particularly for farmers working in field conditions.

An Ultracompact Real-Time Fluorescence Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Analyzer.

Low-cost access to the highly sensitive and specific detection of the pathogen in the field is a crucial attribute for the next generation point-of-care (POC) platforms. In this work, we developed a real-time fluorescence nucleic acid testing device with automated and scalable sample preparation capability for field malaria diagnosis. The palm-sized battery-powered analyzer equipped with a disposable microfluidic reagent compact disc described in the companion Chap. 16 which facilitates four isothermal nucleic acid tests in parallel from raw blood samples to answer. The platform has a user-friendly interface such as touchscreen LCD and smartphone data connectivity for on-site and remote healthcare delivery, respectively. The chapter mainly focuses on describing integration procedures of the real-time fluorescence LAMP analyzer and the validation of its subsystems. The device cost is significantly reduced compared to the commercial benchtop real-time machine and other existing POC platforms. As a platform technology, self-sustainable, portable, low-cost, and easy-to-use analyzer design should create a new paradigm of molecular diagnosis toward a variety of infectious diseases at the point of need.

Development of First Aid Kit with Intuitive Touch Screen Display and Voice Instruction

First aid kit has been used to treat minor pain or injuries before one can receive a qualified treatment from the medical doctor. It is found that the contents inside the first aid is only checked periodically and as a result, there is high chance that certain important medicine is not there by the time it is needed. Thus, the development of smart first aid kit that prioritizes on content management via intuitive display and voice instruction is presented in this paper. The developed smart first aid kit offers several unique features. The first is the use of infrared sensor to detect the availability of the first aid content. If the content is taken, the red LED will be lit up, and the user is notified through Blynk apps in smartphone and email by means of NodeMCU. The second feature is that the developed first aid is equipped with the Smart TFT LCD touch screen display and speaker. This smart touch screen can display the list of first aid contents as well as provide a quick button for voice instructions. The voice instruction button will play the recorded guidance and medical instructions in the form of phrases and voices. The programming for the touch screen display, the voice instructions (played by Arduino Mini MP3 module) and speaker are all processed by the Arduino Mega. Simple testing and analysis on sensor detection and notification revealed that both sensor and Blynk app work fine if the medications are placed in the correct position. In conclusion, a smart first aid kit with touch screen medications instructions menu equipped with voice instructions and the ability to alert the end user whenever the content of first aid is taken out has been successfully developed and executed in this study. All sensors and the programming for the touch screen and voice instruction work accordingly. For future work, several improvements are recommended such as better data management that has complete record on date, time, and name of the content that is taken out as well as alerting the user on the expiry date. This can help the person in charge to efficiently monitor the content in the first aid.

Analisis Hasil Elektroforesis DNA dengan Image Processing Menggunakan Metode Gaussian Filter

DNA gel electrophoresis plays an important role in the development of science. However, the process of manually analyzing DNA size is still relatively difficult, time-consuming, and often results an error. This study proposed electrophoresis process using image processing with Gaussian Filter method. Gaussian Filter is used to improve the quality of the image which makes the image clearer. The method was applied using python programming and then embedded into Raspberry pi 3 module. This modul processed images taken by Raspberry pi V1 camera. To realize these taken images, tracking mouse was used. All the images which had been processed were displayed on LCD touchscreen 5 inch. The result shows that the study using Gaussian Filter indicates good performance. This is proved by the lowest error percentage of 0,20% . In addition, compared to previous studies, the largest error percentage is still relatively smaller at 12.41%.

Learning About Reflection of Light Based Ultraviolet Detection System Using Raspberry Pi

Ultraviolet light is an electromagnetic radiation that has range of wavelengths between 100nm to 400nm. This wavelength can be identified by the ultraviolet index, where at this wavelenght ultraviolet light has an impact to human health. Ultraviolet light with ultraviolet index green to yellow is benefical for human health. Meanwhile, ultraviolet rays with red to purple ultraviolet index are harmful to human health. Ultraviolet rays that are harmful to humans can pass the surface of the earth caused by many factors, one of which is global warming. Therefore, this research was conducted to create an ultraviolet light detection system using Raspberry Pi as a sensor data reader and aims to learn about how much light reflected on the surface of the earth. The data obtained will be processed using the phyton programming language and presented using an LCD touchscreen. From this research, the values of the ultraviolet index from zero to six were obtained based on the ultraviolet index value from the BMKG indicate the categories of ultraviolet light associated with light reflection on the surface of the earth are known. So it can be concluded that the less ultraviolet light on the surface of the earth will be reflected easily by the earth, and the more ultraviolet light on the surface of the earth will be difficult to reflect.

Algorithm to Generate Trajectories in a Robotic Arm Using an LCD Touch Screen to Help Physically Disabled People

In the last two-decade, robotics has attracted a lot of attention from the biomedical sectors, to help physically disabled people in their quotidian lives. Therefore, the research of robotics applied in the control of an anthropomorphic robotic arm to people assistance and rehabilitation has increased considerably. In this context, robotic control is one of the most important problems and is considered the main part of trajectory planning and motion control. The main solution for robotic control is inverse-kinematics, because it provides the angles of robotic arm joints. However, there are disadvantages in the algorithms presented by several authors because the trajectory calculation needs an optimization process which implies more calculations to generate an optimized trajectory. Moreover, the solutions presented by the authors implied devices where the people are dependent or require help from other people to control these devices. This article proposes an algorithm to calculate an accuracy trajectory in any time of interest using an LCD touch screen to calculate the inverse-kinematics and get the end-point of the gripper; the trajectory is calculated using a novel distribution function proposed which makes an easy way to get fast results to the trajectory planning. The obtained results show improvements to generate a safe and fast trajectory of an anthropomorphic robotic arm using an LCD touch screen allowed calculating short trajectories with minimal fingers moves.

Design of an Acoustic-Based Nondestructive Test (NDT) Instrument to Predict the Modulus of Elasticity of Wood

Modulus of elasticity (E) can predict the mechanical characteristics, as well as grade the quality of wood. The Destructive Test (DT) method is the more commonly used, where the wood sample is split up when being tested. This research used the NDT method based on the longitudinal stress wave method (LSWM) whilst utilizing handheld instruments. The calculated E-dynamic (Ed) from the NDT method was compared with the E-static (Es) from the DT method to validate the technique. Six different wood types were tested with ten samples of each kind. An average R-value of 0.898 was obtained, indicating a high correlation between the Ed values and Es values. The LSWM method requires reliable hardware and software to record the impulse response. It starts by hitting the wood with a hammer to create an impulse, finding the resonance frequency (f0), and later calculating the Ed. A more practical and easy-to-use handheld mobile instrument was developed using a Raspberry Pi-2 microcomputer as the signal processor, an LCD touchscreen, a USB soundcard, and a dynamic microphone that covers 0.1-5kHz and -64 ± 3dB. An internal telecommunication system is provided to support measurements conducted at lumber mills. The software includes band-pass filtering of the recorded spectrum where the f0 is depicted. A time-domain envelope fitting is then applied to the filtered spectrum to obtain the R2envelope. A low R2envelope value indicates an inadequate impulse response, and therefore, the test should be redone.

Development of Automatic Health Testing Measurement Model for High School Students in West Java

The main objective of this research is to develop the accuracy of health test equipment to measure height, weight, and heart rate to support the qualification of graduation standards at competitions. Any competency competitions that include high school students as participants must be fully followed by students who have qualified passing standards following predetermined conditions in which one of the qualifications is a health graduation test. The focus of the object under study was to obtain the validity of the height, weight and heart rate assessment as the assessment data to measure the health graduation standard in a competency competition. The acquisition of these data will be done by an empirical method of quantitative approaches is through comparison techniques, measurement, and calculation technique through field observations. The importance of the three objects of this study was analyzed because it impacts the feasibility of a student to follow the race so it is expected to minimize the of error and cheating. The emergence of these problems cannot be separated from the small standard of accuracy resulting due to how to get data and techniques to operate the system is still manual so often the mistakes and cheats that affect the low quality of the race. Therefore, this study developed a model of automatic health test testers that can be integrated digitally through the touchscreen LCD and smartphone device. The goal is to make it easier for users to operate the system and obtain data access speed with a guaranteed accuracy value of less than 2%. The final result of the test and measurement for 5 students as the object of research showed the average measurement error for height, body weight and heart rate below 2%, so it can give positive contribution and validity of the data that is responsible in determining the graduation of a student candidate competitor of high school student competence. The results of the development of this measuring tool model make it easier for people to know the level of graduation accurately and have an impact on the smaller number of errors during a health test and are able to reduce fraud.

Low-Cost Conversion of Single-Zone HVAC Systems to Multi-Zone Control Systems Using Low-Power Wireless Sensor Networks.

This paper presents a novel approach to convert a conventional house air conditioning installation into a more efficient system that individually controls the temperature of each zone of the house through Wi-Fi technology. Each zone regulates the air flow depending on the detected temperature, providing energy savings and increasing the machine performance. Therefore, the first step was to examine the communication bus of the air conditioner and obtain the different signal codes. Thus, an alternative Controller module has been designed and developed to control and manage the requests on the communication bus (Bus–Wi-Fi gateway). A specific circuit has been designed to adapt the signal of the serial port of the Controller with the communication bus. For the acquisition of the temperature and humidity data in each zone, a Node module has been developed, which communicates with the Controller through the Wi-Fi interface using the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol with Secure Sockets Layer / Transport Layer Security (SSL/TLS) certificates. It has been equipped with an LCD touch screen as a human-machine interface. The Controller and the Node modules have been developed with the ultra-low power consumption CC3200 microController of Texas Instruments and the code has been implemented under the TI-RTOS real-time operating system. An additional module based on the Raspberry Pi computer has been designed to create the Wi-Fi network and implement the required network functionalities. The developed system not only ensures that the temperature in each zone is the desired one, but also controls the fan velocity of the indoor unit and the opening area of the vent registers, which considerably improves the efficiency of the system. Compared with the single-zone system, the experiments carried out show energy savings between 75% and 94% when only one of the zones is selected, and 44% when the whole house is air-conditioned, in addition to considerably improving user comfort.

An Algorithm for the Evolutionary-Fuzzy Generation of on-Line Signature Hybrid Descriptors

Abstract In biometrics, methods which are able to precisely adapt to the biometric features of users are much sought after. They use various methods of artificial intelligence, in particular methods from the group of soft computing. In this paper, we focus on on-line signature verification. Such signatures are complex objects described not only by the shape but also by the dynamics of the signing process. In standard devices used for signature acquisition (with an LCD touch screen) this dynamics may include pen velocity, but sometimes other types of signals are also available, e.g. pen pressure on the screen surface (e.g. in graphic tablets), the angle between the pen and the screen surface, etc. The precision of the on-line signature dynamics processing has been a motivational springboard for developing methods that use signature partitioning. Partitioning uses a well-known principle of decomposing the problem into smaller ones. In this paper, we propose a new partitioning algorithm that uses capabilities of the algorithms based on populations and fuzzy systems. Evolutionary-fuzzy partitioning eliminates the need to average dynamic waveforms in created partitions because it replaces them. Evolutionary separation of partitions results in a better matching of partitions with reference signatures, eliminates dispro-portions between the number of points describing dynamics in partitions, eliminates the impact of random values, separates partitions related to the signing stage and its dynamics (e.g. high and low velocity of signing, where high and low are imprecise-fuzzy concepts). The operation of the presented algorithm has been tested using the well-known BioSecure DS2 database of real dynamic signatures.

Smart Wheelchair Controls System Using Intelligent Algorithm and Biosensor Signal

Introduction Quadriplegia caused by spinal cord injury can occur in people of any age range and can be caused by any etiology (traumatic or no traumatic) and directly affects both motor and sensory neurological functions. The aim of this research project is developing a control device for an electric wheelchair for mobility of people with spinal cord injury) in closed or controlled environments, with quadriplegia (very limited mobility or complete immobility of upper and lower limbs. Specifically, the system takes the head position data (head tracking) of the user supplied by a webcam and through an application developed on a Raspberry PI3 single board computer finally, the system generates the movement of the wheelchair depending on the position and movement of the user's head through an electromechanical system with servomotors using intelligent algorithm. The system was tested on 10 immobilized people with upper and lower limbs obtaining a learning response between 1 and 5 minutes, the device is fully portable and adaptable to any electric wheelchair with joystick control. The developed device worked successfully and was compared with other head control devices for electric wheelchairs in the current market, it is, economical and versatile non-invasive system as a solution for mobility autonomy for people with quadriplegia. Keywords: Quadriplegia, Spinal Cord Injurie, Head tracking, Raspberry PI3, Joystick, Servomotors, intelligent algorithm Method During the research process, the importance of the assistive devices has been evidenced as a fundamental component of the rehabilitation, autonomy and improvement of the quality of life. More than 90% of people with spinal cord injuries require some type of wheelchair. These chairs should be appropriate for the needs and limitations of patients and to navigate properly in their environment. Other possible needs for assistive technology are home modifications for home control and communication systems for people with quadriplegia.For the development of the prototype, a Raspberry PI3 with 7-inch LCD touch screen was used. The necessary peripherals for the correct operation are connect at development card for the operation of the electric wheelchair control, using algorithms that ensure the correct operation of the device in adverse conditions for the user. In the final phase of development, a user interface was programmed in Python. The software is user friendly and intuitive for quadriplegic users. The system sends the control signal to the motors according to the instructions indicated by the user. The algorithm process the instruction and signal to guarantees the integrity of the user in advance condition. Results and Conclusions Control system for translation devices using cephalic tracking used for mobility of people in tetraplegia or quadriplegia condition is an option for self-mobility and given to the user autonomy and better quality of life in closed or controlled spaces.The tests carried out during the current research resulted in a low rate crash on the way obstacles and low deviation from the original trajectory, less than 7% for a user learning time between 1 and 6 minutes.The proposed system differ from the other cephalic tracking developments reviewed in the state of the art, with effective autonomy by the use of control algorithms References Wolters Kluwer "ISCOS - Textbook on comprehensive management of spinal cord injuries ". Harvinder Singh Chhabra. New Delhi, India. ISBN: 9351294404. 2005.[2] D. J. Kupetz ; S. A. Wentzell ; B. F. BuSha "Head motion controlled power wheelchair". Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE 36th Annual Northeast Bioengineering Conference (NEBEC). 2016. ISSN: 00002013. doi: 10.1109/NEBC.2010.5458224.[3] J Aleksandar Pajkanović , Branko Dokić. "Wheelchair Control by Head Motion". SERBIAN JOURNALOF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING. Vol. 10 N° 1, pp: 135-151. February 2015. ISSN: 14514869. doi:10.2298/SJEE1301135P[4] Vignesh S.N, Vivek Kumar. A, Bharathi Kannan.K. "Head Motion Controlled Robotic Wheel Chair". International Journal of Emerging Technology and Innovative Engineering. Vol. 1, Ussue 3, pp: 176-179. March 2015. ISSN: 2394 - 6598. Figure 1

Development of data communication trainer with hands-on and remote laboratory hybrid system

Data communication is the process of sending data that involves two or more devices connected to the network. This is influenced by several factors, depends on the type of data and data conversion media. The data conversion component can be in the form of RS232, which uses max232 IC as a conversion from TTL to Serial data or vice versa. This tool is a development of a data communication trainer where can see the characteristics of data communication via graphic LCD. Input from the trainer can be in the form of logic sent through the LCD touchscreen and received by the microcontroller. The data input will enter an Arduino, as a control component. The Arduino will process the input data and send it out as signal corresponding to the input data along with the signal characteristics. This tool is also equipped with an IoT system where input data can be put in from the internet network, and the output signal will appear on the page provided. The application of IoT to this tool makes it a hybrid system where can be accessed either directly in the lab, or via the internet.

An Impedance Measurement Platform for Cryopreservation Applications

One of the beneficial methods being widely used to preserve genetic resources of imperiled animals or improved agricultural animals is cryopreservation of germplasm. During this process, the biological structure of the cells remains relatively intact by freezing and storing them at very low temperatures. Freezing condition plays an essential role in cryopreservation procedure since the exposure of the cells to low temperature can cause damage to the cells [1]. Therefore, accurate monitoring of the freezing process can improve the recovery rate of the cells after thawing. During the phase change phenomena, the dielectric and conduction properties of ice changes [2]. Herein we present, a portable platform for monitoring of the freezing and thawing processes based on the electrical impedance of the samples during cryopreservation. The system is composed of a portable temperature and impedance measurement system in conjunction with an impedance sensing probe fabricated with printed circuit board (PCB) technology. The impedance measurement circuit, temperature measurement circuit, control unit for data acquisition and wireless communication and touch screen LCD with a graphical user interface are the building blocks of the measurement system that enables users to perform impedance measurement at single or multiple frequencies with various excitation signals (Figure 1A). Utilizing impedance measurement instead of DC resistance measurement enable us to monitor both dielectric properties and resistance changes during phase change and avoids the polarization of the electrodes. In addition, an impedance sensing probe was developed by using PCB technology, which provides accurate electrodes fabrication at low cost. The probe has been designed to be used within 0.5 ml French straw which is a conventional container in cryopreservation application. Pair of parallel electrodes were fabricated on the probe at three detection zones (Figure 1B). The system was evaluated at different cryopreservation conditions including various sample solutions and cooling rates. Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) is being widely used in cryopreservation to maintain cells in a viable state. The system was characterized by measuring the impedance in HBSS and DI water solutions solution. The 0.5 ml French straws were filled sample solution along with the probe and a T-type thermocouple. Next, the samples were placed on top of the liquid nitrogen with a 2 cm gap to freeze, and after the sample temperature reached lower than -40 oC, the samples were left at room temperature to thaw. During this process, the impedance and temperature were measured inside the samples. Figures 1C and 1D show the magnitude and phase of the measured impedance for HBSS and DI water sample respectively. When the HBSS sample starts to freeze, the impedance magnitude does not change before the latent heat removal stage. However, the impedance phase starts to increase after the sample cools down. It reaches a minimum value during nucleation and increases during latent heat removal. Therefore, the phase change phenomena can be detected with the imaginary part of the impedance. In the DI water case, the impedance starts to increase by cooling down the solution when the nucleation happens there it remains relatively constant, and it keeps increasing after that. This shows that the solution containing various ions has different impedance characteristics, which can be used as a parameter to monitor the cryopreservation phenomena. The system was also characterized by different solutions containing salts and cryoprotectants, frozen at various cooling rates, to further investigate the potential of impedimetric sensors in quality control for cell freezing protocols. Figure 1

A prototype system of portable laser speckle imager based on embedded graphics processing unit platform.

Laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) is a high-resolution full-field optical technique for measuring blood flow, which has been widely used in clinical and biomedical research. However, most of the current LSCI instruments are bulky, limiting their application settings. In this work, we proposed a prototype system of portable laser speckle imager. Different from the desktop laser speckle systems that utilize personal computer (PC), our system was designed with embedded GPU system (Jetson TX2, NVIDIA, USA) and a LCD touch screen (16.5 × 12.4 cm in size, 380 g in weight). In-vivo experiments showed that the portable GPU-based system had comparable performance with our laboratory LSCI system. Such a portable LSCI imager could be potentially used in a situation that requires for easy operation and installation, such as intraoperative monitoring or bedside diagnosis.

A Multifunctional Terminal Hardware Design for Teaching Assistant

An intelligent handheld terminal for campus was designed to meet the teaching management requirements under the new education situation. This system is composed of fingerprint identification module, wireless communication module, LCD touch screen module and embedded system. So, it can achieve multiple functions. Specifically, we design the hardware schematic diagram and PCB, then devise driver and transplant FreeRTOS operating system according to the working characteristic of each module. The communication protocol between the handheld terminal and the host computer is designed to complete the process of collecting fingerprint attendance and classroom test data and then transmitting those data wirelessly to the host computer. This system will be helpful to improve the campus service and teaching quality.

Monitoring System for Organic Fertilizer Plant Controller Using Solar Energy

In this applied research, a solar energy powered process control monitoring system of inorganic fertilizer plant with capacity of 300 liters has been developed. The process control system consists of PLC with solar energy panel as its power source and a monitoring process system. The monitoring process system includes a Raspberry Pi minicomputer, an LCD touchscreen, level shifter converters, Arduino Nano, RS485 modules, four analog sensors, and one digital sensor. This system works by collecting temperature, humidity, and gas concentrations data and controlling the heater, exhaust fan, and aerator to maintain desired processing conditions.DHT-22 digital sensor measures temperature and humidity, pH probe analog sensor measures pH values, MQ-4, MQ-7 and MiCS-2714 measures methane, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen dioxide gases respectively. Analog output sensor is read by PLC’s analog to digital converter while digital output sensor is read by 1-wire bus by Arduino. The collected data is send over RS485 to Raspberry Pi. The plant temperature is set constant at 40°C. The heater is turned on at temperature of ≤ 38°C, when temperature reach ≤ 42°C the aerator, exhaust fan, and mixer will be on and will be switched off all together at 40°C. The temperature, humidity and PH are set as the reference of the control process.

Helmet for Road Hazard Warning and Wireless Motorcycle Authentication

Background/Objectives: Helmet for Road Hazard Warning and Wireless Motorcycle Authentication was designed for the safety and prevention of accidents for motorcycle riders by making them wear a helmet before driving, automatically warns them about the road hazards that the riders encounters, and sending SMS to the emergency contact numbers of the rider to call medical help immediately when an accident occurs. Methods/Statistical analysis: The project consists of two devices: the Helmet and the Navigation Device. Navigation Device equipped with Raspberry Pi 3 B+ as the main controller, which was connected on the LCD Touch Screen that displays wherein the user can delete the saved audio files and edit numbers that receives the SMS in case of emergency. Arduino Uno was connected to the Raspberry Pi via USB serial where the GSM Module was connected for texting, Piezo Vibration Sensor for calculation of the impact to identify an accident, and the Alarm for the rider to notify to wear the helmet. Findings: On the Helmet Device, it was equipped with an Arduino Nano that serves as the main controller of the Copper Switch to detect if the rider is wearing a helmet or not. Improvements/Applications: The Helmet Device has a microphone and speaker for the recording and automatically plays the road hazards encountered by the rider. Dash cams for recording of the front and rear view of the rider for future evidence. Both Helmet and Navigation devices work in synchronization using Bluetooth modules.

Color Blindness Test By Ishihara Method Based on Microcontroller System

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Design of a nursing call system: an alternative

In this article, it is proposed a prototype oriented to nurse-call, which allows to create and inform the request of emergency care of a patient to the public, by means of embedded devices like the Raspberry Pi and a Display Touchscreen LCD. The emergency call is carried out by means of a network of switches that activate a channel, then this signal is conditioned and processed to be transmitted by means of a serial bus RS-485, then the received message is decoded and shown on an LCD screen, finally the request information is stored in a database. Some experiments were conducted to evaluate the energy consumption, the rate of data loss, the scope, as well as tests to validate the scalability of the prototype. The results show that the proposal presents an increase in the demand of electric energy, mainly due to the characteristics of the technology used, however, the results show that the designed system allows to quantify the dynamic in the time of the nurse-call and is compatible with other similar systems.