Changes In Law Research Articles

Thermal-Mechanical Coupling Analysis of Permeable Asphalt Pavements

In order to clarify the mechanical response of permeable asphalt pavements under a temperature effect, the mechanical responses of different types of permeable asphalt pavements, which were based on a self-developed drainage SBS-modified asphalt mixture with fiber, were simulated using ANSYS finite element software (APDL 19.2). The influence of temperature and temperature change on the mechanical behavior of the permeable asphalt pavements was studied, and the mechanical responses of the pavements at different driving speeds was analyzed. The results show that the extreme values of surface deflection, compressive strain of the soil foundation top surface, and the shear stress and tensile stress of the upper-layer bottom of the three kinds of pavements under dynamic load were about 10% smaller than those under static loads, and the extreme values under different temperature conditions were 28%~50% larger than the values obtained without different temperature conditions. During the 12 h heating process, the mechanical indexes of the three types of pavements with axle loads were consistent with the change law of temperature, and the peak values of the mechanical indexes under dynamic loads were smaller than those under static loads. In addition, the mechanical indexes of the three types of pavements under dynamic loads had the same law of change with speed under the same conditions, and the values were less than the extreme values under static loads, but the degree of influence was different.

Impact of Changes in Tax Law on Small Scale Businesses in India: A Survey-Based Analysis

Impact of Changes in Tax Law on Small Scale Businesses in India: A Survey-Based Analysis

Characteristics of motor temperature distribution in plateau

The motor temperature distribution characteristics help to understand the working condition of the unit, thus improving efficiency. Currently, the motors are gradually being used at high altitudes. However, the plateau region has low air pressure, thin air and large differences in humidity. There is a lack of research on the effect of its complex and special working environment on motor temperature. Therefore, in this study, the numerical analysis of the motor temperature field is carried out from the novel perspective of plateau characteristics. In this paper, the finite volume method is used to analyse the flow-heat-solid coupling of a 20 MW motor. By comparing and verifying the experimental data with the simulation data, it is found that the error between the two is within 5 %. In order to have a more comprehensive picture of the motor's operation in the plateau environment, the temperature effects of different air pressure, air intake and relative humidity on the motor were investigated. The results of the study show that air pressure changes have a large effect on the temperature of the stator structure. The temperature decreases when the air pressure increases and the temperature difference decreases gradually with the increase of air pressure. The largest temperature difference in the stator structure occurs when the air pressure increases from 10 kPa to 40 kPa. The change in air intake has a positive effect on the stator structure temperature, which decreases when the air intake increases. After simulation calculations, it was found that the best heat dissipation effect was achieved in the range of air intake between 3.5 m/s and 4.5 m/s. Relative humidity has a minimal effect on the stator structure temperature. The conclusions of this paper can provide certain theoretical reference for the temperature change law of the motor under plateau operation, which is of great significance to improve the comprehensive hydraulic performance.

Employment law changes and developments for 2024

Employment law changes and developments for 2024

Beam Scanning System for an Industrial Electron Accelerator

To create a compact system for scanning the beam along the conveyor, this paper considers the horizontal placement of the accelerator with a magnetic system with rotating the beam by 90◦ . A three-dimensional simulation of the magnetic system and the dynamics of electrons in it was performed. Dose distributions were also obtained in the near-surface region of the irradiated object, on the basis of which the optimal laws of change in the current and voltage of the scanning magnet were determined, which provide the required conditions for irradiating the product

Study on repeated discharge frequency characteristics of plasma pulse equipment

In order to increase the production of unconventional oil and gas, it is necessary to improve its reservoir. Plasma pulse technology is one of a safe and environmentally friendly reservoir reconstruction technology. In this paper, the discharge test of plasma pulse equipment was carried out in the laboratory. The different discharge stages (pre-discharge, main-discharge, sinusoidal attenuation oscillation and post-discharge stage) of plasma pulse equipment in a single discharge were discussed, and the frequency characteristics in the repeated discharge were studied in detail. The discharge test shows that the energy and average power of main-discharge stage are about 109 J and 15.6 MW respectively, and the discharge frequency range is about 0–25 Hz. Furthermore, the linear attenuation function model of breakdown voltage change under the initial discharge frequency of 4 Hz, 9 Hz, 14 Hz and 19 Hz is established, and the change law of breakdown voltage decreases linearly with the increase of discharge frequency is revealed. The results show that the research content of this paper has an important guiding significance for revealing the variation law of repeated discharge frequency characteristics of plasma pulse equipment, which is helpful to further optimize the design of plasma pulse equipment and improve its working performance.

Effect of Texas Abortion Laws on Reproductive Health Attitudes Among Medical Students, Residents, and Faculty: A TTUHSC Study [ID 2683579

INTRODUCTION: In response to Texas Senate Bill 8 and the overturning of Roe v. Wade, we investigated the effect of new abortion laws on attitudes toward reproductive health and abortion within the TTUHSC community in Lubbock, Texas. As abortion remains a vital aspect of reproductive health care, understanding current and future doctors’ sentiments is essential. METHODS: The Omnibus survey was sent electronically to TTUHSC School of Medicine students as well as medical residents, fellows, and faculty. The survey included 25 question sets that branched according to respondent groups and received 318 responses from the TTUHSC community. Using a single predictor model in RStudio, we analyzed gender influence on attitudes toward post-law changes. All participants provided consent for their responses to be used for research purposes. This project was approved for exempt review by the TTUHSC IRB. RESULTS: Of 76 responses, 63% strongly agreed that medical education should address Texas abortion law changes. Females showed more desire (73%) for education changes (P=.0059). Gender also affected opinions on counseling limitations due to new laws (P=.0167) and obstetrics and gynecology residents’ abortion training (P=.0063). CONCLUSION: Most participants favored educating students about law changes, perceived counseling limitations, and obstetrics and gynecology training for abortions. Females consistently aligned with these sentiments. The gender-based disparities underscore a medical education gap exacerbated by the new laws. Ambiguities in current laws may affect clinical practice. Addressing these findings is crucial and encompasses integrating ethical considerations, legal nuances, and procedures into the medical education framework to produce competent, compassionate practitioners.

DESIGN OF A 3/2-WAY SELF-RETAINING (SELF-LOCKING) INDIRECT-ACTING ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC VALVE AND ITS MATHEMATICAL MODEL

A current topic of scientific research and development for the subsea production system, minemill industry, for the nuclear industry and other industries that require the use of hydraulic distributors operating in conditions of limited electrical power and/or explosive environment is currently the problem of designing self-retaining (self-locking) indirect-action electro-hydraulic valves (distributors). The article describes the created design of a 3/2-way self-retaining (self-locking) indirect-acting electro-hydraulic valve (distributor). The principle of operation of the distributor is described in detail. Its basic hydraulic diagram is given. The developed object-oriented nonlinear mathematical model of a 3/2-way self-retaining (self-locking) indirect-acting electro-hydraulic valve is presented. Dynamic equations are presented that describe the movements of the shut-off and control element (SCE) of the main distributor and two pilot valves; equations describing the flow of liquid through the main distributor's SCE and the law of changes in the overlap area of the main distributor's SCE flow sections; equations that determine the dynamic characteristics of an electromechanical converter (EMC). Transient processes were obtained and presented, with the help of which the dynamic quality indicators of the created a 3/2-way self-retaining (self-locking) indirect-acting electro-hydraulic valve were found. Based on the analysis, appropriate conclusions were drawn. The scientific novelty of the work includes the created object-oriented nonlinear mathematical model and the developed design of a 3/2-way self-retaining (self-locking) indirect-acting electro-hydraulic valve.

Study on the productivity and mechanism of physical field evolution of enhanced geothermal systems under different working fluid types and properties

The injected working fluid conditions directly affect the heat generation efficiency of a stimulated hot dry rock reservoir. Taking exploration well GR1 in the Gonghe Basin of Qinghai as the research object, a stochastic discrete fracture reservoir model was established around the main injection channel, and the productivity variation pattern of the enhanced geothermal system (EGS) and the spatiotemporal evolution mechanism of the reservoir fields were analyzed for CO2 and H2O working fluids. The interaction mechanism between the upper and lower rock formations and the reservoir during the heat mining process was discussed. This study obtained the following findings: (1) when the working fluid was CO2, after 20 years of heat recovery, the injection flow rate, output flow rate, and heat generation efficiency with a working fluid temperature of 60 °C reached 1.22 times, 1.18 times, and 1.92 times those with a working fluid temperature of 35 °C, respectively. The average subsidence and average geostress with the working fluid temperature of 60 °C were low, at only 90.61% and 95.96% of those with the working fluid temperature of 35 °C, respectively. However, high-temperature fluid injection increased flow loss. The changes in the various laws of H2O-EGS were similar to those of CO2-EGS. (2) When the working fluid temperature was 35 °C, after 20 years of heat recovery, the output flow rate and heat generation efficiency with the CO2-EGS reached 12.66 times and 1.28 times those with the H2O-EGS, respectively. However, the flow loss, average subsidence, and average geostress were higher with the CO2-EGS, reaching 6.58 times, 1.14 times, and 1.06 times those with the H2O-EGS, respectively. The patterns in these parameters observed at the other temperatures were similar to those observed at 35 °C. (3) The temperature decrease of the cushion layer was higher than that of the caprock, while the subsidence of the caprock was higher, and this phenomenon was more obvious when the working fluid temperature was lower. The conclusions obtained have important reference significance for the rational selection of working fluids.

The Fake News Effect: Experimentally Identifying Motivated Reasoning Using Trust in News

Motivated reasoning posits that people distort how they process information in the direction of beliefs they find attractive. This paper creates a novel experimental design to identify motivated reasoning from Bayesian updating when people have preconceived beliefs. It analyzes how subjects assess the veracity of information sources that tell them the median of their belief distribution is too high or too low. Bayesians infer nothing about the source veracity, but motivated beliefs are evoked. Evidence supports politically motivated reasoning about immigration, income mobility, crime, racial discrimination, gender, climate change, and gun laws. Motivated reasoning helps explain belief biases, polarization, and overconfidence. (JEL C91, D12, D72, D83, D91, L82)

Erosion - accretion study in Cua Lo area, Nui Thanh district, Quang Nam province

Cua Lo, Nui Thanh district, Quang Nam province is an estuary that plays an important role in the province’s socio-economic development. This area is often greatly influenced by natural processes, which have changed the topography of the beach, the shoreline and seabed topography. The seabed topography in Cua Lo areas is being gradually accreted and filled, but the erosion process is strongly occurring in the southern coastal. These processes have happened every year and are getting more and more serious, causing great damage to property and people. By using remote sensing images and combining them with survey data, it is possible to evaluate the changes of the Cua Lo area on a large scale and for a long period. The north bank of Cua Lo has strong sedimentation to the south, with the area being accreted being approximately 19.86 hectares (2010-2014) and 13.64 hectares (2018-2023). The southern of Cua Lo, the shoreline that has been seriously eroded at a rate of 45-50m/year. From the research results, the preliminary determination of the main law of change is the southward movement of the seabed topography.

A composite planning method considering avoidance of multiple no-fly zones

Aiming at the problem that multiple no-fly zones need to be avoided in the reentry process of aircraft, a composite programming method combining conjugate gradient and dynamic programming is proposed. The method divides the reentry flight trajectory into two parts: the longitudinal plane and the transverse plane. The longitudinal plane uses the conjugate gradient method to guide the aircraft to meet the minimum mass of the thermal protection system during the whole flight. The horizontal plane mainly uses the dynamic programming method to obtain a reasonable obstacle avoidance route and inversely calculates the change law of the heading angle. The simulation results show that the three-dimensional reentry trajectory can reasonably solve the problem of avoiding multiple no-fly zones and meeting the aerodynamic constraints of the flight process.

Nonlinear analysis model of the progressive damage of aluminum–wood sandwich structures under high-speed impact conditions

The impact responses of various protective structures composed of 2A12 aluminum alloy and wood laminates were studied experimentally. The experiments were conducted using different impact energies. By varying the sandwich material thickness and using two different bullet shapes, the effects of the sandwich material’s damage process and the core layer thickness on the protective performance were studied. The multilayer structure’s core layer failure condition was determined using the improved 3D Hashin criterion and a finite element model was established using Abaqus software. Tensile and three-point bending tests were conducted and the progressive damage model was verified statically. The model was then verified dynamically using the Hopkinson bar test. The mechanical properties of the materials under high dynamic strain rates were obtained through action loading testing of the specimens at different loading rates. The loading waveform was analyzed and a stress-strain relationship diagram was drawn at various strain rates. By verifying the experimental data, a numerical model that could capture the deformation and failure details during crushing was established, and the composite target plate impact failure mode and the trajectory change law were described. This study could lead to use of a new impact damage prediction method for laminates.

Trustworthy E-KYC Systems Using Blockchain

In today’s world, Leveraging technological advancements, such as digital identity verification and biometric authentication, has streamlined and modernized KYC processes. These innovations not only enhance efficiency but also contribute to a more user-friendly experience for customers. In this contemporary landscape, staying informed about evolving regulations and industry-specific practices is indispensable for effective KYC implementation. Financial institutions must continuously adapt to the changing regulatory environment and leverage technological solutions to maintain the integrity of their KYC processes. This proactive approach is crucial not only for compliance but also for building trust between customers and stakeholders in an era where financial security and transparency are paramount. KYC procedures have been simplified and brought up to date by utilizing technology innovations like biometric authentication and digital identity verification. These advancements contribute to a more user-friendly experience for customers in addition to increasing efficiency. Keeping up with changing laws and sector-specific procedures is essential for implementing KYC successfully in the modern world. It is imperative for financial institutions to consistently adjust to the dynamic regulatory landscape and utilize technological advancements to uphold the integrity of their KYC procedures. This proactive strategy is essential for both compliance and fostering stakeholder and customer trust in a time when financial stability and openness are critical. Index Terms – KYC - know your customer, AML - anti-money laundering, CTF - counter-terrorism financing Keywords – KYC, blockchain, etherium, encryption, compression

Experimental investigation of cutting force of powder metallurgy valve guide rod hole

Aiming at the problem of fast wear of machining tools in the special powder metallurgy valve guide rod hole and gasket seat of a certain engine cylinder head, in order to solve the technical problems in the cutting force (CF) of this kind of powder metallurgy materials, different tools are used and the analysis is carried out under different cutting test conditions. The cutting force law and surface roughness change law of similar powder metallurgy materials are determined to determine the appropriate tool materials and processing parameters. The experimental results show that under the same processing conditions, ceramic tools will suffer less than cemented carbide tools and cutting force can obtain a smaller surface roughness. In addition, the mass production process of valve seat, the blade material is ceramic knife.

Study on overburden failure characteristics and displacement rule under the influence of deep faults

Deep faults significantly impact the structural stabilities and deformation behaviors of their overburden rocks, which are key factors in underground engineering and geological hazard research. Considering the problem of deep-fault-overburdened breaking during mining of super-thick coal seams and taking the Yaoqiao Coal Mine as the research object, the mining fracture evolution characteristics and overburden displacement law of the non-structured and fault-bearing overburden corresponding to fully mechanized caving mining are compared and analyzed using numerical simulations and physical similarity simulations. The results of this study show the following: 1) The fracture height of the overlying rock presents a specific change law with advancement of the working face; the initial rapid increase to a maximum height of 74 m is achieved when the working face advances to 90 m; with the development of the plastic zone indicating past yield, the fracture height decreases to 54 m and becomes stable, and the final caving angle of the fracture stabilizes at 70°. 2) In coal mining under normal fault conditions, when the working face advances from the upper to lower walls, the roof forms a masonry beam structure that slows down fault activation and crack development. When moving away from the fault, the overburden movements and water-conducting cracks are fewer, and the crack height is lower than that without faults. When approaching the fault, the influence of the faults in the fracture zone increases, and the height of fracture development reaches the maximum value after crossing the fault, highlighting the significant influence of the fault on fracture development. 3) Through a similarity simulation test, it is shown that the overburden caving zone is further compacted by the overburden rock and that the roof collapses in a large range, resulting in rapid upward development of the overburden rock cracks and separation of the central overburden rock cracks that are gradually compacted and closed. These findings are expected to have important theoretical and practical significance for deep underground engineering design, geological disaster prevention, and fault activity monitoring.

Study on the Degradation Law of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Granite under the Action of Freeze-thaw Cycle

This study demonstrates the effect on the mechanical properties of granite through the freeze-thaw cycle test method, and investigates the mechanical property parameters and its changing law of the rock samples under different numbers of freeze-thaw cycles. The results show that with the increase of the number of freeze-thaw cycles, the physical property parameters such as mass and longitudinal wave speed of the samples show a tendency of attenuation. Mechanical property parameters such as peak strength and elastic modulus of the specimen also showed a trend of decay.

Analisis Kinerja PPAIW dalam Penegakan Hukum Wakaf Tanah di Indonesia

PPAIW has the main task of providing waqf administration and serving the needs of prospective wakif who will donate their assets by following per under the provisions of the legislation. The purpose of the PPAIW is so that the community gets authentic evidence that waqf has occurred. The existence of PPAIW makes waqf law change from a law that lives in the community to a written law that must be recorded by the state. However, that reality shows that PPAIW's performance in enforcing waqf law has not met the standards. The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of PPAIW in enforcing the waqf law and formulate efforts that can be made in enforcing the waqf law. This research uses the empirical juridical method with qualitative analysis. PPAIW's performance in enforcing waqf law in Indonesia has not been by following per under good work indicators, because there are several legal problems in carrying out their obligations, so their performance is not up to standard. Efforts must be made to enforce waqf law, namely; increase PPAIW resources; realize a corruption-free government, and KKN; provide good service (good governance); guard nadzir in the land registration process; provide a decree for the appointment of nadzir; empowering nadzir and the community; mastering dispute resolution mechanisms and advocating for the community; comfortable office atmosphere and support PPAIW performance.

Extraction, modeling and impact analysis of porosity defects formed in the CFRTP/Al6061 laser direct joining process

AbstractThis study focuses on the influence laws of porosity defects on the performance of the joint formed in the CFRTP/Al6061 laser direct joining process. Image extraction and finite‐element modeling methods are introduced to investigate the porosity defects, so that the model of joint with porosity defects of real characteristics is established. With the model, the failure process of the joints formed under different laser direct joining processes are analyzed, and the change law of the maximum failure displacement and the maximum failure load of the joints are revealed. The maximum error is within 17%. Results suggest that if and only if the porosity defects are distributed in the zone of the joint with the biggest stress under load, the defects will significantly decrease the maximum failure load of the joint; otherwise, the porosity defects will facilitate the cracking propagation process after the joint failure, thereby decreasing the maximum failure displacement.Highlights Porosity defects are identified from CFRTP background by image extraction. Local porosity is defined to illustrate the real distribution of defects. Joints with defects distributed by real characteristics are modeled. Max failure load hinges on relative position of defects and max stress zone. Porosity defect quantity influences cracking propagation rate after failure.

Comparative Study of Joint Estimation of State of Charge (SOC) and State of Health (SOH) of Lithium-ion Batteries Based on Different Tree Models

The realization of accurate State of Health (SOH) and State of Charge (SOC) estimation is a prerequisite to ensure the safe use of energy storage batteries, which helps to further improve the energy utilization efficiency effectively. Data-driven methods are efficient, accurate, and do not rely on accurate battery models, which is a hot direction in battery state estimation research. However, the relationships between variables in the lithium-ion battery dataset are mostly nonlinear, which largely affects the prediction of the model. In addition, the model also has a series of defects, such as large computation, strong data dependence, and long consumption time. In this paper, a joint online estimation method of battery SOC-SOH based on tree modeling algorithm is proposed to solve the above problems. Based on NASA battery sample data, this study explores the changing law between SOC and discharge voltage and temperature under different State of Health (SOH). Subsequently, a combination of RFR, GBDT and XGBoost tree modeling algorithms are used for battery SOC-SOH estimation based on the above variation rules. The experimental results show that the R<sup>2</sup> scores of the XGBoost algorithm in predicting both SOC and SOH are more than 0.995, indicating its good adaptability and feasibility.