Latin American And Caribbean Literature On Health Sciences Research Articles

SYSTEMATIZATION OF NURSING CARE FOR RENAL TRANSPLANT PATIENTS

Objective: to describe nursing care in the postoperative period of kidney transplantation. Methodology: an integrative literature review study was conducted. The search was conducted at the Virtual Health Library (VHL), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) with the following descriptors: “kidney transplantation”, “nursing team”, “nursing care”. Results: nursing care for renal transplant patients involves technical and psychosocial aspects, requiring knowledge and experience in the application of the nursing process and systematization of nursing care. Conclusion: nursing needs to appropriate the profession’s own instruments, such as the systematization of nursing care and the nursing process, for the competent and timely offer of nursing care to transplanted patients.

THE USE OF TELESSAÚDE TO IMPROVE HEALTH SERVICES

Objective: to identify the impacts of telessaúde in the health field. Methods: an integrative literature review study was conducted through the databases: Virtual Health Library (VHL), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Nursing Database (BDENF). Results: regarding the thematic approach of the articles, the framework of the productions raised in two categories focused on the importance of the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in auditing and the second addresses the importance of ICT in health in general. Conclusion: in view of the studies analyzed, it is understood that telessaúde, as a strategy, has a significant potential to expand and qualify access to health care, continuing education and the promotion of the quality of life of the population in different locations. The implementation of national policies and specific legislation are important for the progress of telessaúde initiatives in the different scenarios.

IMPACTS OF INDUSTRIAL PAINTINGS ON WORKERS’ HEALTH

Objective: to describe the impacts of industrial paintings on workers’ health. Methods: an integrative literature review study was conducted. Articles recovered through secondary databases Virtual Health Library (VHL), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) and Online Medical Literature Search and Analysis System (MEDLINE) were analyzed from the descriptors paintings, worker’s health and occupational medicine. Studies published in Portuguese, English or Spanish were considered and dealt directly with the theme object of study. Results: the main impacts of industrial paintings on workers’ health are skin diseases, allergic reactions, eye irritation and respiratory problems, neoplasms, myelodysplastic syndromes, neuropathies, olfactory disorders, saturnism and acute and chronic effects on the central nervous system. Conclusion: industrial paintings can cause real risks to the health of workers in this service sector, which requires the performance of occupational health professionals for timely prevention and care.

Human responses in adolescents with oncological disease: a scoping review protocol

IntroductionThe classification of human responses to health conditions or life processes, assuming that human responses are the way that a person responds, referring to the individual’s experiences, feelings, perceptions, behaviours...

A ATUAÇÃO DA ENFERMAGEM FRENTE AO INDIVÍDUO PORTADOR DA SÍNDROME DE DOWN

Down Syndrome is a chromosomal disorder caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21. This chromosomal alteration is the most common worldwide, the individuals present characteristics inherited from their parents regardless of the pathological condition, and the intellectual disability is the most frequent characteristic of the syndrome among children. Nursing has a relevant role in dealing with children with this pathology, as well as with the whole family, needing to be careful in all aspects, from the carriers to the family members' orientation in facing the syndrome. Thus, this work aimed to describe the role of nursing in Down's Syndrome, as well as address the importance of this profession in family aspects. This is an integrative review study with a qualitative, exploratory approach. Original articles indexed in the PubMed, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS) databases were used, using the descriptors (DECS) "down syndrome", "nursing care", "nursing diagnosis", "genetic counseling". From the searches in the databases mentioned above, 196,734 articles were found, which were submitted to the inclusion and exclusion criteria established in this work. 14 articles were selected that answered the research question. The studies describe the importance of the nurse's role facing DS, orientation to the family, presentation of the importance of the nurses' scientific and practical knowledge about the pathology. Thus, nurses should be sensitized about their practices as professionals, because they are considered an identifier of the diagnosis.

Healh as a rignht: acesso f the street population to healts services

This study aimed to: Describe, through a literary survey, the perception of homeless people in relation to the provision of health services and the accessibility process in the search for health care. Thus, the methodological design was chosen: an integrative review, conducted according to the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Anslyses (PRISMA) protocol. We used as inclusion criteria primary studies that addressed the access to health services offered by public health institutions to homeless people, published from 2011 to November 2021 in any language. Databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), via PubMed; Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), via the Virtual Health Library (VHL) and the Spanish Bibliographic Index on Health Sciences (IBECS), also through the VHL. A total of 08 studies were obtained as results. It can be concluded that: there is a fragmentation in the accessibility process of homeless people to enter health services, such individuals permeate social stigmas, prejudice, inhumane situations and even the devaluation of their health problems. Inferring when their perception is that they are unattended by public policies and without direct health promotion and prevention actions.

SUBJECTS GRIEFED BY SUICIDE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

SUBJECTS GRIEFED BY SUICIDE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Prevalence of orofacial injuries resulting from trauma in individuals with cerebral palsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) may have cognitive, sensitive, behavioral, communicative, and convulsive disorders. Because defensive reflexes are reduced by CP, the risk of orofacial trauma is greater in these individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of orofacial injuries resulting from trauma in patients with CP. This review was reported according to preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) and registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO-CRD42022293570). The search was performed for articles published until January 2023 in Embase, Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Gray literature was also consulted through Google Scholar, OpenGrey, ProQuest Dissertations, and Theses. Studies in which orofacial injuries due to trauma were prevalent in individuals with CP were included. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool. Additionally, a random-effects meta-analysis was conducted. Twelve studies were included in the synthesis, of which nine presented a low risk of bias and three presented a moderate risk. When considering the general prevalence of orofacial injuries in patients with CP, a prevalence of 34% [95% CI = 18%-52%; I2 = 98%] was observed, with enamel and dentin fractures being the most common orofacial injuries. Approximately one in three patients with CP showed at least one type of orofacial injury involving dental trauma. There is a lack of literature assessing the prevalence of these traumas in soft tissues and the evidence for this outcome remains uncertain.

Occupational Health of Health-Care Workers with Overnutrition: Scoping Review with Meta-Analysis.

(1) Objective: To review the scientific literature on the impact of interventions to enhance the occupational health of health-care workers with overnutrition. (2) Methods: Scoping review with meta-analysis. Data were obtained by consulting the following bibliographic databases: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), and Medicina en Español (MEDES). The terms used as descriptors and as text in the title and abstract fields of the records were "health workers", "overnutrition", and "occupational health", using the filters "human", "adult": 19+ years", and "clinical trial". The search update date was January 2023. The documentary quality of the articles was evaluated using the CONSORT questionnaire and the presence of bias was assessed using the Rob 2.0 tool. (3) Results: From the 611 digitally retrieved references, 17 clinical trials were selected after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria. CONSORT scores ranged from a minimum of 14.6% to a maximum of 91.7%, with a median of 68.8%. According to the SIGN criteria, this review provided "1" evidence with a grade B recommendation. Six different types of intervention were tested, grouped into strategies ranging from a single intervention to a combination of four interventions. The summary effect of the meta-analysis showed significant weight loss, but no association with reduced body mass index. (4) Conclusions: While workplace interventions have been shown to be potentially effective, and strategies using different types of interventions have been proven to be useful in tackling overnutrition, an effective and sustainable solution for changing the behavior of health professionals to tackle overweight and obesity has yet to be identified.

The impact of the new Brazilian labeling standard, RDC 429/2020, on access to food nutrition information: A review

Food product labels, widely used in advertising and marketing actions, play an important role in ensuring the population’s health. The industry communicates with the consumer through it by highlighting the main characteristics of the food, in addition to information regarding the chemical and nutritional composition of the product. Thus, this study aimed to discuss the impact of the new Brazilian legislation for food labeling provided by ANVISA’s RDC 429/2020 on access to nutritional information based on a literature review in digital collections of scientific publications, such as SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences), and BVS (Virtual Health Library). A time frame of 10 years (2013-2023) was used. It was possible to see that food labeling has evolved over the past decades, always with the aim of providing consumers with a better understanding of what they are eating. Furthermore, RDC 429/2020 brought new mandatory information to the nutrition table, especially with front labeling for foods with high added sugars, saturated fats, and/or sodium content. A positive impact is expected with its fulfillment, which may enable easy access to information for consumers, who will make a more conscious choice about the food products they intend to consume. Therefore, considering avoiding frontal labeling, the food industry will be obliged to reduce the percentage of these compounds, improving the nutritional quality of commercialized products.

Respiratory muscle training for obstructive sleep apnea: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Obstructive sleep apnea is the most common sleep disorder. This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of respiratory muscle training in the treatment of patients with obstructive sleep apnea. The study protocol was registered in Prospero Platform (CRD42018096980). We performed searches in the main databases: Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) via Pubmed; Excerpta Medica dataBASE (Embase) via Elsevier; Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) via Cochrane Library; Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS) through the Portal of the Virtual Health Library and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) for all randomised-controlled trials published before July 2022. The randomised-controlled trials were assessed for risk of bias and certainty of evidence. Thirteen randomised-controlled trials were included. All studies had an overall high risk of bias. Inspiratory muscle training probably improves systolic blood pressure and sleepiness when compared with sham. However, inspiratory muscle training probably does not improve diastolic blood pressure and maximum expiratory pressure, and may not be superior to sham for apnea-hypopnea index, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, forced vital capacity, sleep quality and quality of life. In addition, it is uncertain whether there is any effect of inspiratory muscle training on maximum inspiratory pressure and physical capacity. Inspiratory muscle training may also improve maximum inspiratory pressure and maximum expiratory pressure compared with oropharyngeal exercises. However, it may not be superior for apnea-hypopnea index, sleep quality, sleepiness, quality of life and functional capacity. When associated with physical exercise, inspiratory muscle training may not be superior to physical exercise alone for maximum inspiratory pressure, maximum expiratory pressure, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and functional capacity. At the same time, when associated with cardiac rehabilitation exercises, inspiratory muscle training may reduce apnea-hypopnea index, improve inspiratory muscle strength, sleepiness and sleep quality compared with cardiac rehabilitation alone. However, it may not be superior for improving quality of life. Regarding expiratory muscle training, it may improve expiratory muscle strength and sleep quality, but not sleepiness when compared with sham. The evidence on the effects of expiratory muscle training in apnea-hypopnea index is very uncertain.

SELF-ESTEEM, SELF-CONCEPT AND SELF-IMAGE

Self-esteem corresponds to a feeling of personal worth and self-respect, considering a positive or negative evaluation of oneself, while self-concept is attributed a descriptive and evaluative character, the first being related to self-image and the second to self-esteem. In order to build healthy self-esteem, the involvement of family members and school staff is strictly necessary, in order to provide a safe and motivating environment for children and adolescents. Thus, this article has the general objective of understanding the processes of building self-esteem, self-concept and self-image during child development, through the influences of the environment and affective relationships between the people with whom the child lives. The study is a review of narrative literature, through publications/articles in the following databases: Scientific Electronic Library (SCIELO), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS) and Virtual Health Library (BVS). Studies have shown the importance of developing a positive self-concept to have a good quality of life. For that, the relationships that the individual establishes in the family, in the school, in his social environment are fundamental for the formation of the self-concept.

Evidence on Vocal Interventions in Adults: A Scoping Review

To map the evidence on vocal intervention in people over 18 years old. A literature search was conducted using the following electronic databases: Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), LIVIVO, Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, SpeechBITE, and Web of Science. Gray literature was also used as an information source through searches on Google Scholar, Open Grey, ProQuest Dissertation and Thesis, and the Brazilian digital library of theses and dissertations. Systematic reviews (SR) with a population of individuals over 18 years old were included. The included reviews addressed speech-language pathology interventions in the vocal area with reports of their respective outcome. The methodological quality of the included systematic reviews was analyzed using the AMSTAR II tool. Quantitative analysis was performed by frequency distribution, and qualitative research was analyzed through narrative synthesis. A total of 2,443 references were retrieved, among which 20 studies met the inclusion criteria. The included studies had critically low quality, lacking the use of population, intervention, comparison, and outcome (PICO) components. Among the included SRs, 40% were made in Brazil, 45% were published in the Journal of Voice, and 75% analyzed dysphonic patients. The most frequent intervention was voice therapy (direct therapy associated with indirect therapy approaches). Positive results were observed in most of the outcomes for all studies. Voice therapy was described as inducing positive effects for voice rehabilitation. However, due to the critically low quality of studies, the literature did not enable us to understand the best results for each intervention. Well-designed studies are necessary to clarify the relationship between the intervention goal and how the intervention was evaluated.

Models of Quality Management Systems Applied in Specialized Services for the Donation and Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues

BackgroundQuality management tools and models are used to improve processes and products, including those related to organ and tissue donation and transplantation protocols. This study aims to map, discuss, and disseminate models/tools of quality management systems applied in health services, specializing in the donation and/or transplantation of human organs and tissues. MethodsThis is an integrative literature review over the last 10 years, operationalized through searches carried out on the PubMed portal and the databases: SciVerse Scopus (SCOPUS), Scielo, Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), Nursing Database (BDENF), and the Virtual Health Library (BVS). The organization of search results in the databases and the election of articles compatible with the guiding question and the inclusion and exclusion criteria for this study took place through the online and free application platform Rayyan. ResultsSix hundred seventy-eight records were found, of which, after careful analysis, 18 articles were considered relevant to the theme. We identified 17 quality management models and/or tools that emphasize using scientifically proven and/or validated techniques to reduce or eliminate the possibility of risks in the processes that permeate the stages of donation and transplantation of organs and tissues. ConclusionThis review brought the possible tools used and published, which can be perceived, reproduced, and improved, through the role of the multidisciplinary team in specialized centers for the donation and transplantation of human organs and tissues, aiming to offer a process of continuous improvement management to deliver better products and services.

Impact of bariatric surgery on oral health: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

To evaluate the impact of bariatric surgery (BS) on the oral health status of obese individuals. The search was performed on the Cochrane Library, Embase, Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS), LIVIVO, PubMed/Medline, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Grey literature was also consulted through Google Scholar, OpenGrey, ProQuest, and MedRxiv. The risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tool. Pre- and post-surgical moments were compared through random effects meta-analysis. The GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations) assessment tool was used to judge the certainty of evidence. After searching the databases, 908 references were retrieved, with 30 articles selected for synthesis. When comparing the pre- and postoperative moments, there was no difference in the index of decayed, missing, or filled teeth. Furthermore, salivary flow and probing depth presented a slight increase. Post-surgery patients showed an increase (%) in tooth wear at the dentin level [MD = -6.23; IC95% = -8.45--4.01; I2 = 0%]. Patients undergoing BS show no difference when considering the rate of caries or missing teeth and little to no effect was observed on salivary flow rates and periodontal probing depth. On the other hand, greater attention should be given to dentin wear in post-surgical patients of BS. Patients undergoing BS should receive careful monitoring regarding oral health by doctors, dentists, and the entire multidisciplinary team involved before and after the surgical procedure.

Association between menopausal status and physical function: A systematic review protocol.

Physical function is considered an important marker of adverse health outcomes. Postmenopausal women seem to have worse physical function, but conflicting results have been reported in the literature. The aim of this systematic review is to assess the association between menopausal status and physical function in community-dwelling women. Cross-sectional and/or longitudinal studies which objectively or subjectively assess physical function at different menopausal stages will be included. Studies conducted in institutionalized populations or with any specific medical condition that may have induced menopause (i.e. cancer or degenerative diseases) will be excluded. This systematic review protocol follows the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). The searches will be carried out in the Pubmed, Embase, SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences), VHL (Virtual Health Library), Scopus and Web of Science databases, using the search equation "Menopause AND (Physical Performance OR Function)". The Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies will be considered to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. The selection and evaluation of the methodological quality of the studies will be carried out by independent researchers and the discrepancies will be resolved by a separate researcher. Ethical approval is not required as this is a study using secondary data. The results will be published in a scientific journal. We intend to contribute to the expansion of knowledge regarding physical function of women according to the menopause status, thus helping in the perspective of improving health and functioning. This systematic review started in January 2022 and all steps are expected to be finished by October 2022. CRD42021289899.

CONSTRAINTS RELATED TO THE CYTOPATHOLOGICAL EXAMINATION THAT FAVOR THE LATE DIAGNOSIS OF CERVICAL CANCER

Cervical cancer, also known as cervical cancer, is a malignant tumor that develops in the cervix, mainly caused by persistent infection by some types of Human Papillomavirus, present among the female population and responsible for high rates of morbidity and mortality. mortality in the world. In women, cervical cancer can be more lethal due to low adherence to health services, as well as the lack of periodic Pap smear. Therefore, knowing the relevance of this theme, this study was developed with the aim of identifying, in the literature, the obstacles related to the Pap smear that favor the late diagnosis of cervical cancer. This is an integrative review carried out in scientific data sources: Scientific Electronic Online Library (SciELO), Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS) and Nursing Database (BDENF). Searches for studies were carried out from June to November 2022. The descriptors selected for the data search were: cervical neoplasms, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, late diagnosis, all registered in the Health Sciences Descriptors (DECS). As inclusion criteria for the selection of scientific articles we have: articles published from 2017 to 2022, in Portuguese; available and complete articles. Exclusion criteria were: monographs, thesis, dissertation, publications of repeated articles in the databases. From the analysis of the literature, several obstacles that influence the evasion of women from the health systems were evidenced. In this aspect, the literature has shown that female evasion of the cytological examination is directly related to the lack of information about the importance of the Pap smear. Thus, low adherence to routine consultations and cytological examination is considered a predisposing factor for the occurrence of health problems. Such resistance, which is still quite common in primary care services, is a reflection especially of sociocultural and traditional issues that are related to religious beliefs and archaic practices. In this regard, women have been developing home practices to promote self-care. The search for health services and for gynecological consultations, in most cases, is only sought by women when they develop symptoms of pain, vaginal discharge or complaints related to anomalies, bad smell and bleeding. In addition, recent research indicates that women who live in conditions of social vulnerability are more likely to develop diseases. Faced with this reality, health professionals, especially nurses working in primary care, face numerous challenges for the early screening of cervical cancer.

Ensino médico on-line durante a pandemia em diferentes países

Abstract: Introduction: At the end of 2019, one of the great challenges of the 21st century emerged, affecting the whole world. The long period in isolation made people adapt to the way they work and study, and this same measure was taken in the medical course, bringing new methodologies and learning. Objective: To analyze, through an Integrative Review, data on how the process of adapting online medical education was carried out during the pandemic. Methods: This is an Integrative Literature Review and data search was conducted in the PubMed, Virtual Health Library (BVS), Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SCIELO) and Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS) databases. The search began in July 2021. Results: Initially, with the application of the inclusion criteria, a total of 841 articles were obtained from the selected databases. After excluding duplicate articles, this number was reduced to 242 articles. After applying the exclusion criteria, 22 articles were selected for the study. Conclusion: It is known that Medicine is mostly a practical course, the physical contact of students with patients is essential to develop essential skills for a quality physician, both in medical semiology techniques and in the skills necessary to establish the doctor-patient relationship. However, the need for a way of learning arose with the pandemic and teaching could not stop. In view of the points raised in the literature research, the common sense would be the application of a hybrid teaching method - online and face-to-face - (aimed at optimizing time and breaking geographic barriers, without neglecting the importance of clinical practice), exceptionally online (when there are extraordinary situations, such as the COVID-19 pandemic) or only in person (in regions where the application of e-learning is not feasible).

Incidence and risk factors associated with the occurrence of encephalic vascular accident in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle: an integrative review

Background: The encephalic vascular accident (EVA), also called stroke, is a complication that leads to high morbidity during the gestational period. The incidence of encephalic stroke is three times higher in pregnant women compared to non-pregnant women, with an increase in rates in recent years. Considering the impacts of this comorbidity on the maternal-fetal health, this review aims to compile data regarding the incidence and risk factors related to the occurrence of EVA in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle, in order to facilitate the identification of risk factors and the prevention of an unfavorable outcome. Methodology: This is an integrative review of the literature. The research was conducted using the databases from the Medical Literature and Retrivial System onLine (MEDLINE), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Latin American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS). The information was systematized based on the guiding question: “What is the incidence and risk factors related to the occurrence of encephalic vascular accident in the pregnancy-puerperal period?”. The descriptors used were: “Pregnant Women” AND “Stroke”. Original and complete articles, with free access, in English or Portuguese language, published in the last five years and with a detailed description on the subject were included in this review. Results and discussion: The incidence of pregnancy hospitalizations due to EVA ranged from 7.3 to 42.8 per 100,000 pregnant in the studies evaluated. Related to risk factors, a relationship was found with physiological changes during pregnancy, especially the state of hypercoagulability due to the increase in levels of prothrombotic factors. Additionally, hypertensive disorders during the pregnancy, such as eclampsia and pre-eclampsia, and traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as smoking, sedentary lifestyle, dyslipidemia and advanced age, were also considered risk factors for stroke. Conclusion: Despite being an uncommon complication during the pregnancy-puerperal cycle, stroke has a severe impact in women and fetus health, this condition is being related to physiological alterations inherent to pregnancy, pathological alterations and modifiable risk factors.

Factors Associated with the Abandonment of Tuberculosis Treatment in Brazil: A Systematic Review.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In Brazil, TB is a public health problem, and the treatment dropout rate contributes to it. This systematic review investigated the factors associated with TB treatment dropout in Brazil using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method. The databases used were Bireme, Scopus, PubMed, Medline, Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO), and Latin-American and Caribbean Literature on Health Sciences (LILACS). The search was conducted on May 16, 2021. Nine articles were reviewed, and all were published within the last 5 years in English, Spanish, or Portuguese. The sample sizes in the studies ranged from 148 to 77,212 individuals, and the studies enrolled only adult patients (aged 18-59 years) in Brazil. Evidence suggests that the significant risk factors associated with TB treatment dropout are male sex, black race/ethnicity, age between 19 and 49 years, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection, low education (<8 years), use of alcohol and illicit drugs, and unsupervised treatment. This study's limitations were the small number of articles published on this topic with stronger study designs, use of secondary data sources in most articles, and a moderate to high risk of bias in most papers. There was a significant association between abandonment of TB treatment and HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome co-infection; socioeconomic factors (low education and homelessness); use of alcohol, tobacco, and illicit drugs; and failure to use directly observed treatment. These results can guide more efficient measures to prevent dropout.