Late Phenomenon Research Articles

Simulation of late phase phenomena with the system code AC2

Simulation codes like the AC2 system code package developed by German Gesellschaft für Anlagen-und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS) gGmbH are used in international reactor safety research to investigate hypothetical severe incidents and accidents in nuclear power plants. Valuable impetuses for the development of prevention and mitigation measures for such events can be derived from the analyses. This article presents selected work by PSS on the development of simulation models for the late phase of nuclear accidents. Topical issues as the formation and thermodynamic interactions of debris beds in the lower plenum of the reactor pressure vessel (RPV), the release of fission products as well as the interaction of the molten core material with concrete in the reactor cavity in case of RPV failure are discussed. The analyses carried out provide important findings regarding the validation of the developed models. In addition, future development needs are derived for the consideration of further relevant phenomena.

Early-onset palatal myoclonus in Wernekinck commissure syndrome secondary to caudal paramedian midbrain infarction: A case report and a mini review of the literature

IntroductionWernekinck commissure syndrome (WCS) is an extremely rare midbrain syndrome, which selectively destroys the decussation of the superior cerebellar peduncle and the central tegmental tract, which commonly presents with bilateral cerebellar ataxia, dysarthria, and internuclear ophthalmoplegia. Palatal myoclonus in Wernekinck commissure syndrome is uncommon and often occurs as a late phenomenon due to hypertrophic degeneration of bilateral inferior olivary nuclei. Material and methodA patient with WCS, admitted to our hospital from December 2023, was chosen for this study, and the syndrome's clinical manifestations, imaging features, and etiology were retrospectively analyzed based on the literature. A 68-year-old right-handed East Asian man presented with dizziness, slurred speech, difficulty with swallowing and walking, and rhythmic contractions of the soft palate. He had several risk factors for ischemic cerebrovascular diseases (age, sex, dyslipidemia, hypertension and smoking history). Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed hyperintensity of DWI and hypointensity of ADC at the caudal midbrain which was around the paramedian mesencephalic tegmentum anterior to the aqueduct of midbrain. ResultsHe was diagnosed with Wernekinck commissure syndrome (WCS) secondary to caudal paramedian midbrain infarction. He was started on dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin and clopidogrel) and intensive statin therapy. Blood pressure and glucose were also adjusted. His symptoms improved rapidly, and he walked steadily and speak clearly after 7 days of treatment. ConclusionsPalatal myoclonus is known to occur as a late phenomenon due to hypertrophic degeneration of bilateral inferior olivary nuclei. However, Our case suggests that palatal myoclonus can occur in the early stages in WCS.

Labour migration of young women from the village to the capital in Bulgaria: A case study of woman servantry in Vakarel

The article is devoted to the maiden servantry in Bulgaria – a relatively late social phenomenon, but with important cultural and social consequences. It is also an indicator of the early modernization of Bulgarian society in the first half of the twentieth century. Using the example of Vakarel in Middle Western Bulgaria, the authors define servantry as a social mediator, facilitating the spread of urban culture and European models in the Shopluk villages around the capital Sofia. The emergence and development of female servantry as an enduring and sustainable social practice charts a path of change in marriage strategies and family patterns in a small rural community and thus in society as a whole. Gradually, from an escape from the adverse socio-economic factors and the harsh life in the village, temporary employment as a servant in the home of a wealthy family in the big city became an important moment in the young girl's growth and socialization, a condition for successful realization of family strategies in the rural environment. As a social phenomenon, servanthood has remained positively valued in the collective memory of the locals as part of the oral stories told within the family.

BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH DEVELOPMENTS IN THE FIELD OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

The development of science which is essentially towards the process of improvement will continue throughout the human thought process. This also occurs in the paradigm of public administration development so that it attracts the attention of researchers to analyze the development of public administration research. In this study using bibliometric analysis to describe the results of journal publications with data search tools using Publish or Perish produced 996 meta data and analysis tools using Microsoft Excel, and VosViewer to visualize meta data. The results showed that from 996 meta data with the keyword "paradigm of public administration development" obtained a publication range from 1995-2024, with the most documents being the type of book file published on books. google.com with a total of 83 book titles and the highest publication development trend occurred in 2020 with 129 publications while the results of network mapping using VosViewer obtained 4 authors, namely Ismail, I; Sos, S; Irawan B; Larasati, E. which is the most productive author in the field of public administration development paradigms. The research development map using VosViewer is grouped into 5 clusters. Fluctuating research shows that the paradigm of public administration development is a research topic that attracts researchers to write, study, and analyze the topic of the paradigm of public administration development so that the implications of this research are to help other researchers to further study the development of the paradigm of public administration and be associated with the latest phenomena.

Escalation of adjuvant endocrine therapy for early hormone-dependent HER2-negative breast cancer: to whom, when and why?

This review presents the evolution of adjuvant endocrine therapy for early hormone-dependent HER2-negative breast cancer, describes late relapse phenomenon, provides clinical rationale for escalation of treatment, analyzes the key stages of the metastatic cascade, and provides a scientific rationale for the introduction of CDK4/6 inhibitors into adjuvant treatment regimens. The main results of two large randomized studies of therapy including abemaciclib (MonarchE) and ribociclib (NATALEE) in patients with early stages of hormone-dependent HER2-negative breast cancer are presented; the oncological results of escalation of treatment and the safety of therapy are assessed.

Ebola virus disease sequelae and viral persistence in animal models: Implications for the future.

Ebola virus disease (EVD), caused by infection with Ebola virus, results in severe, acute illness with a high mortality rate. As the incidence of outbreaks of EVD increases and with the development and approval of medical countermeasures (MCMs) against the acute disease, late phases of EVD, including sequelae, recrudescence, and viral persistence, are occuring more frequently and are now a focus of ongoing research. Existing animal disease models recapitulate acute EVD but are not suitable to investigate the mechanisms of these late disease phenomena. Although there are challenges in establishing such a late disease model, the filovirus research community has begun to call for the development of an EBOV persistence model to address late disease concerns. Ultimately, this will aid the development of MCMs against late disease and benefit survivors of future EVD and filovirus outbreaks.

CESIUM CHEMISORPTION ONTO STAINLESS STEEL UNDER SIMULATED LIGHT WATER REACTOR SEVERE ACCIDENT

During light water reactor severe accident, source terms may interact with structural materials, generating new compounds and affecting their volatility which make the existing codes could not accurately estimate the radioactive release. Cesium is one of the source terms that can interact with structural materials and contributes greatly to the late release phenomenon. Several studies have been conducted to predict the physicochemical interactions between cesium and structural materials. However, the types of chemisorbed cesium compounds onto structural materials are still under discussion. For this reason, this study was carried out using advanced techniques, involving TEM, SEM, EDS and FIB to estimate the chemisorbed cesium compounds onto stainless steel structural material under simulated light water severe accident. This study indicates that cesium is strongly adsorbed on the oxide layer of stainless steel in the form of cesium silica, cesium aluminum silica, and/or cesium ferro silica. CsFeSiO4 and CsAlSiO4 could dominate these compounds.

Pelatihan dan Penyuluhan Upaya Peningkatan Penjualan Produk UMKM Menggunakan Tiktok Ads

In today's digital world, social media platforms have become the hub of activity for millions of users worldwide, sharing photos, videos, interacting with friends, and even shopping online through e-commerce which is now integrated with social media. The use of social media has grown and evolved over the past two decades. With the COVID-19 pandemic, individuals have had to engage in activities remotely using the internet, leading to a significant increase in social media consumption. The positive impact of social media includes easy long-distance communication, real-time information access, and much more. Moreover, social media seems to be a space for interaction for all internet users. The latest phenomenon is TikTok Shop. TikTok, originally a social media platform, has evolved into an e-commerce platform that allows users to directly purchase products through the app, introducing a new category known as social commerce. TikTok's emergence has shaken the online world with its concept of live video sharing, quickly becoming very popular, especially among the younger generation. TikTok's success in becoming a social commerce platform is one of the biggest success stories in the history of social media. Through TikTok Shop, brands, merchants, and users can interact and showcase products through short videos on this platform, offering a more personal and interactive shopping experience. Even more, e-commerce merging with social media has prompted the government to revise Minister of Trade Regulation No. 50 of 2020 concerning Licensing of Business, Advertising, Development, and Supervision of Business Actors in Electronic Trading (PPMSE). This revision is believed to provide a form of protection for SMEs.

The spiritual essence of Chinese seascape art

The article "The Spiritual Essence of Chinese Seascape Art" explores the evolution and specifics of seascape in Chinese painting, in the context of the spiritual and cultural life of China. The genre of seascape in Chinese art began to form relatively late, at the end of the 20th century, and became significant for modern landscape painting. The article pays special attention to the rarity of the depiction of the sea and ocean in traditional Chinese painting, due to philosophical and aesthetic grounds. The changes in the perception of the sea element are analyzed, which reflect the fundamental transformations in the thinking of Chinese society. The research covers the historical period from the end of the XX century to the beginning of the XXI century, revealing the contribution of individual authors and the influence of Western art on the development of the genre. The presented analysis demonstrates how, through the study of marine painting, a unique combination of traditional Chinese and Western aesthetics is revealed, forming a new artistic language and approach to the perception of nature and the sea element. The article uses an integrated approach, including historical and comparative analysis, stylistic interpretation, to explore the evolution of the seascape in Chinese painting and its spiritual and philosophical and aesthetic content. The article explores the spiritual essence of Chinese seascape art, describing its development as a late phenomenon in comparison with Western art and as an important element in modern Chinese painting. Special attention is paid to rethinking traditional artistic methods and approaches to depicting the sea, considering it as evidence of fundamental changes in the spiritual life of Chinese society. The article discusses how the seascape reflects philosophical and aesthetic changes, especially in the last third of the 20th and early 21st centuries. The authors analyze the works of Chinese artists seeking to find unique artistic languages by integrating traditional and Western elements. The novelty of the research lies in a deep analysis of the impact of socio-cultural changes on the formation and development of the seascape in Chinese painting, which allows for a better understanding of the uniqueness and dynamics of this genre in the context of global artistic and cultural trends.

Role of Community and Its Impact on Migration of Scheduled Cast Communities of West Bengal

Even in circumstances of poverty, migration responses are not simply driven by economic incentives but informed by ideas of appropriate actions in a particular context. A researcher focusing on migrant networks has played a very important role in helping to see the movement of people as part, not only of traditions of migration and interpreted in a cumulative migration theory, but also of wider processes of social and economic development. In this study carried out on an ancient, backward, and deprived Koch community people of Koch Behar district, we are straining to detect, how their relationship with any other member of the same community helps them to obtain a job outside the district. As our objective is to look at the association/ network in the process of migration, here we try to ensure that the whole society gets an equal opportunity to get selected for our study. So 500 households had been visited across the district comprising at least 50 percent should have at least one member residing outside. FGD and in-depth interviews were also carried out in each selected village. The outcome indicates that the present scenario of migration is not the only reason for impoverishment. The residential district is historically deprived basically on the economic front, but the masses are going to move outside for such a chore is a late phenomenon. The close relationship of the same community people is one of the primary causes of their migration. Education plays a crucial role in achieving their aspirations.

Labour migration of young women from the village to the capital in Bulgaria:A case study of woman servantry in Vakarel.

The article is devoted to the maiden servantry in Bulgaria - a relatively late social phenomenon, but with important cultural and social consequences. It is also an indicator of the early modernization of Bulgarian society in the first half of the twentieth century. Using the example of Vakarel in Middle Western Bulgaria, the authors define servantry as a social mediator, facilitating the spread of urban culture and European models in the Shopluk villages around the capital Sofia. The emergence and development of female servantry as an enduring and sustainable social practice charts a path of change in marriage strategies and family patterns in a small rural community and thus in society as a whole. Gradually, from an escape from the adverse socio-economic factors and the harsh life in the village, temporary employment as a servant in the home of a wealthy family in the big city became an important moment in the young girl's growth and socialization, a condition for successful realization of family strategies in the rural environment. As a social phenomenon, servanthood has remained positively valued in the collective memory of the locals as part of the oral stories told within the family.

Четивата за св. Мина в (южно)славянските календарни сборници

My paper, dedicated to the readings on St. Menas, aims at tracing which of the texts about the saint known in the Byzantine manuscript tradition were translated and became part of the Slavonic calendrical collections, as well as et identifying the specific types of manuscripts in which these texts are found. It is not only a survey of the narratives about the saint present in the Slavonic tradition but also attempts to examine the literary context in which the specific texts were placed. Given that calendrical collections differ to varying degrees (genealogically, chronologically, in composition, etc.), we sought to answer the question of the presence of a specific text in a certain type of collecton, while tracing the possible reasons that determined its appearance in such a type of collecton. The two main texts of focus are the Passio S. Menae, BHG 1254, and the Miracula S. Menae by Timothy of Alexandria, BHG 1256–1269. As the present study shows, in the South Slavonic tradition these two texts occur in two different types of collections. The Passio is part of collections that in the Slavonic tradition are defined as “old-type panegyrics”/староизводни панигирици (corresponding to the panegyricomartyrologia in the Byzantine tradition), combining texts for the Menaion and Paschal cycles of feasts, while the Miracula are part of collections like the menaion-chetii /чети-минеи (corresponding to the menologia in the Byzantine tradition). The main research conclusion of this article is that the Passio, which has features typical of the genre of martyria, is a liturgical reading and is more ritual-oriented; hence, it is found in collections of the panegyricomartyrologia type. In contrast, in the case of collections of the menology type, there is an expansion to include the Miracula of the saint – unquestionably more entertaining readings, which have been considered not only to reflect pre-Christian ideas and practices, but even in some cases to be shameful and disgraceful (Delehaye 1927: 153). From the menology – one of the type of calendar collection that existed for the longest time in Slavonic tradition – these entertaining and even fantastic narratives of the miracles of the saint were adapted in the so called cheti-sborniki (another late medieval phenomenon) and became sought readings by laypeople due to their far more curious and entertaining features. This occurred in the late medieval period, when literate people did not read solely under the constraints of the Typikon’s prescriptions but also due to personal interests and “literary” tastes.

TINJAUAN YURIDIS HUKUM MEMBERI UANG KEPADA MANUSIA SILVER MENURUT FATWA MUI DAN HUKUM POSITIF

<p><em>Abstract: Silver humans or what are often called "Silver Man Buskers" are the latest phenomenon that we often see at various traffic lights in big cities in recent years. The city of Medan is no exception, currently silver people can still be seen at several corners at red lights. In simple terms, a silver man is a person who entertains road users when a red light is in progress by demonstrating certain movements, such as miming imitating robot movements with the appearance of a body painted silver to attract the attention of those who see it. Not a few of them were bare-chested and only wore shorts, even with their thin bodies. Apart from being located at red light corner points (traffic lights), there are also those located at tourist attractions. Usually they wear certain costumes that look unique to visitors to tourist attractions. This profession is mostly carried out by those who are already middle-aged, starting from 40 years and above. However, it is not uncommon to see children doing this profession with the aim of making road users concerned and willing to give them money. It turns out that Silver Man's action has been around for a long time. It started with the emergence of the phenomenon of babies painted silver in 2012 in the Bandung area, West Java. This was then continued with the formation of a community called "Silver Caring Community" which was camouflaged as a donation movement for orphans. However, as time went by, they made this a profession and busked for themselves. The Bandung City Social Service has banned the activities of silver humans who claim to be asking for donations for orphans, because they violate Law No. 9 of 1061 concerning the Collection of Money or Goods</em></p><p><em>Keywords : Silver Humans, Buskers, Donation, The Law Gives Mone</em></p>

Mitochondrial dynamics and myocardial metabolism alterations during anthracycline-cardiotoxicity

Abstract Background Despite the increased effectiveness of chemotherapeutic agents, cancer represents a lethal illness worldwide and anticancer strategies still present severe adverse effects. Cardiac dysfunction is a dose-dependent common affliction of anthracyclines treatment. Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC) and consequent heart failure has recently been suggested to be mediated by mitochondrial dysfunction; however, the molecular mechanisms driving this connection are incompletely understood. Purpose To study the early molecular changes (before onset of overt heart failure phenotype) related to mitochondrial biology and cardiac metabolism in a mouse model of AIC. Methods CD1 mice underwent 5 weekly i.p. injections (5 mg/kg) of doxorubicin. Cardiac anatomic and functional changes were evaluated by echocardiography at 1, 9 and 15 weeks-after last doxorubicin injection. At each time-point, some animals were sacrificed and hearts were collected for characterisation of mitochondrial dynamics and metabolic substrate utilization by western blot, PCR, immunocytochemistry, high-resolution respirometry, transmission electron microscopy and PET/CT. Results Doxorubicin administration resulted in an early reduction in left ventricle (LV) mass which was the result of marked cardiomyocyte atrophy as early as 1 week after doxorubicin completion. Cardiac atrophy preceded functional abnormalities, which were apparent in the form of reduction in LV ejection fraction at 9 weeks. Mitochondrial dynamics (fusion/fission) and membranes were altered as early as 1 week after doxorubicin completion (i.e. long before changes in LV function). Moreover, mitochondrial respiratory rate was decreased in these animals, together with a decrease in mitochondrial DNA content and biogenesis at early timepoints. Early (1 week) mitochondrial molecular changes were accompanied by altered cardiac metabolism (i.e. switch in substrate utilization to glucose). Conclusions Here we have characterized the dynamics of molecular, anatomical and functional changes during AIC. LV systolic dysfunction is a late phenomenon happening long after molecular and metabolic changes in the heart. Cardiomyocyte atrophy, altered mitochondrial dynamics and respiration, and metabolic switching occur long before overt heart failure phenotype. These early changes appear as promising therapeutic targets to prevent overt AIC and heart failure.

THE ORIGINS OF THE EARLY CLOSURE BAN IN THE RUSSIAN LITERARY STANDARD

: The Early and Late Closure phenomenon has been present in the psycholinguistic spotlight since the 1970s. Decades of research on the topic have shown not only that resolving attachment ambiguity is influenced by such factors as the length of the relative clause and speaker’s working-memory capacity, but that speakers of different languages tend to prefer either Early or Late Closure. Investigations of attachment ambiguity in Russian have come to the conclusion that Russian is a language with a preference towards Early Closure. However, during the trials some speakers of Russian claim that high attachment is ungrammatical and justify their view by some kind of grammatical rule they have been taught in school. The origins of this supposed rule have so far been unknown. The article at hand shows that the Early Closure Ban in literary Russian has its roots in works on Russian grammar that date back to the early 19th century. This rule evolved from a simple generalization of the linear position of relative clauses to an outright ban which came to life with the advent of Soviet mass media. Such stylistic guidelines in other literary standards are theorized to be factors which need to be accounted for when conducting research on attachment ambiguity in languages of the world.

FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI PERILAKU PELANGGAN YANG BERKUNJUNG KE RESTORAN CEPAT SAJI DI KOTA BATAM

The latest phenomenon that has arisen from the rapid development of technology in the culinary business is that people can order food directly via smartphones and receive orders delivered by courier services, all of which are combined in one mobile application. According to an Australian research institute, 55 million Indonesians buy food at fast food restaurants and family restaurants. This indicates that many people prefer to order food rather than cook it themselves for practical reasons. This study aims to determine the behavior of fast-food restaurant customers in Batam City after the Covid-19 pandemic by considering 4 variables, namely atmosphere, service quality, food quality and price. A sample of 210 people in this study were residents of Batam City who had visited fast food restaurants. This study uses primary data collected by distributing questionnaires in Google form format. Distribution media include Whatsapp, Line, and Instagram. Tests carried out using the SPSS application. The results of this study indicate that the price and atmosphere variables have a significant effect on behavioral intentions. On the other hand, the variables of food quality and service quality do not show a significant effect. Keywords: atmosphere, quality service, food quality, behavioral intention.

Observational Constraints on Hybrid Scale Factor in f(Q,T)$f(Q,T)$ Gravity with Anisotropic Space‐Time

AbstractThis paper presents an accelerating cosmological model by constraining the free parameters using the cosmological datasets in an extended symmetric teleparallel gravity for the flat and anisotropic space‐time. It employs a time variable deceleration parameter that behaves early deceleration and late time acceleration in the form of a hybrid scale factor (HSF). It obtains the present values of deceleration parameter and analyzes the late time behavior of the Universe based on the best‐fit values of the free parameters. It derives the dynamical parameters of the model and obtains the equation of state parameter at present in the quintessence region; however, at late time it approaches to ΛCDM. The energy conditions are also analyzed to validate the modified gravity and it finds that the strong energy condition is violating. It establishes the importance of a hybrid scale factor in the late time cosmic phenomena issue.

Some Aspects of the Government Support Problems in Agricultural Sector in the Kyrgyz Economy

Purpose: This article discusses current problems in the agricultural sector of the country's economy related needs for government support in a market-based management system, considering external and internal factors. Theoretical framework: Article reveals problems associated with the lack of financial support, the timely solution, which could lead to great positive results in the whole country, in other words, it would give an impetus not only to the development of agriculture, but also solve a number of issues related to food security, exports, providing jobs, etc. various ways are proposed to solve the problems of government support using both foreign experience and the positive aspects in the domestic practice. Design/methodology/approach: Research relevance based on solving the problem of government support for the agricultural sector of the country's economy is one of the main priorities in modern society. Findings: If the market economic system to a certain extent denied the government dominant role (with the exception of providing conditions for development) and gave greater importance to the independence of economic entities, then the latest phenomena on the world market, and in general in the world community, prove the fact that no economic entity, including enterprises in the agrarian sector, are unable to carry out their economic activities without government support. Research, Practical & Social implications: Authors suggest a future research agenda and highlight the contributions made to agricultural economics sector. Originality/value: Research purpose is a deep analysis to identify the cause of problems related to the government support of agrarian sector in the country's economy, as the modern economic system proves the need for government support for development of both agriculture and agrarian sector of the country's economy as a whole.

Imaging regional histone deacetylase expression in dementia with Lewy bodies with [11C]Martinostat (P13-6.008)

<h3>Objective:</h3> To image brain histone deacetylase (HDAC) expression using [¹¹C]Martinostat positron emission tomography (PET) in living participants with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). <h3>Background:</h3> Epigenetic modifications via HDACs and other mechanisms regulate transcription of specific genes in response to a cell’s environment or exposure, and epigenetic changes have been observed in postmortem brain tissue in Lewy body diseases. However, whether HDAC changes arise early in disease or only as a late phenomenon, and whether regional brain HDAC expression relates to the clinical or pathologic features of the disease remain uncertain. <h3>Design/Methods:</h3> Seven subjects with DLB and 17 age-matched healthy control (HC) subjects provided informed consent to participate. Participants underwent cognitive, motor, and neuropsychiatric evaluation followed by simultaneous MR and PET imaging with [¹¹C]Martinostat, a radioligand developed at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging that binds class I HDACs with high affinity and selectivity. Data were reconstructed and standardized uptake value ratios computed using a global reference. A whole-brain voxelwise analysis was followed by region of interest-based analysis. <h3>Results:</h3> Compared to HC subjects, [¹¹C]Martinostat uptake in DLB was increased in regions enriched for Lewy body pathology, including the brainstem, medial temporal lobe, and anterior cingulate. Increased uptake was also observed in regions associated with motor function, including the striatum, motor cortex, and cerebellum. [¹¹C]Martinostat uptake was decreased in parietal cortex. <h3>Conclusions:</h3> These preliminary findings in living participants with DLB identify abnormal class I HDAC expression in regions associated with Lewy body pathology, motor circuitry, and cognition. They set the stage for planned comparisons with antemortem Parkinson’s disease (PD) and with postmortem regional HDAC expression in PD and DLB. <b>Disclosure:</b> The institution of Dr. Goodheart has received research support from American Academy of Neurology. Mr. Yoo has nothing to disclose. Ms. Striar has nothing to disclose. Ms. Quan has nothing to disclose. Prof. Wey has nothing to disclose. Dr. Wang has nothing to disclose. Dr. Gomperts has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving as a Consultant for EIP. Dr. Gomperts has received personal compensation in the range of $0-$499 for serving on a Scientific Advisory or Data Safety Monitoring board for Jannsen. The institution of Dr. Gomperts has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Gomperts has received research support from LBDA. The institution of Dr. Gomperts has received research support from DOD/CDMRP. The institution of Dr. Gomperts has received research support from FFFPRI. The institution of Dr. Gomperts has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Gomperts has received research support from MJFF. The institution of Dr. Gomperts has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Gomperts has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Gomperts has received research support from MJFF. The institution of Dr. Gomperts has received research support from NIH. The institution of Dr. Gomperts has received research support from NIH.

Late answers in the electroneuromyography of patients with degenerative-dystrophic spine disorders

We carried out electroneuromyography of 78 patients with degenerative-dystrophic cervical and lumbar spine disorders, which were treated at the neurosurgical department of the Irkutsk Scientific Centre of Surgery and Traumatology. The results of the study of late ENMG phenomena such as H-reflex, F-waves and A-reflex were obtained at different stages of the disease using “Neuromyan” neuromyoanalyzer. The predictable changes in late answers at different stages of the process were determined. For example, in patients with radiculopathy, the degree of neurological deficiency was minimal, and in patients with a combination of nerve root syndrome and stenotic changes, the neurological deficiency had the character of a pronounced bilateral pathology. The severity of changes in neurophysiological indicators depends on the degree of spinal stenosis. Determination of N-reflex and F-wave parameters allows us to identify subclinical forms of loss both at the level of peripheral nerves and of spinal cord segments, and the appearance of axon reflex is an evidence of a demyelinizing pathology and chronic process.