Lateral Series Research Articles

Neoproterozoic volcanosedimentary and plutonic complexes of Northern Ulutau (Central Kazakhstan)

The article presents the results of studying and substantiating the age of Late Precambrian volcanogenic sedimentary and plutonic complexes of the northern part of the Ulutau terrane (Northern Ulutau) in the west of Central Kazakhstan. The age estimates obtained (SHRIMP II, ID-TIMS, LA-ICP-MS) indicate the formation of acidic effusions and granitoids in the second half of the Tonian Neoproterozoic period ~835‒747 million years ago. Geochronological and isotope-geochemical data allow us to consider these formations as analogues of stratified and plutonic complexes of Southern Ulutau, formed in various parts of the lateral series of structures of the late precambrian active continental margin.

An unusual new ophiuroid (Echinodermata) from the Late Ordovician (early Katian) of Morocco

A distinctive new genus and species of the subphylum Asterozoa, Componaster spurius n. gen., n. sp., is described from the Late Ordovician (early Katian) of Morocco. Construction of the ambulacral column is considered key to delineation of classes of the subphylum Asterozoa: morphology and configuration of the mouth frame, axial (ambulacral series), and adaxial (lateral series) enable class-level assignment of C. spurius n. gen., n. sp. to the Ophiuroidea Gray, 1840. However, overall form and aspects of extraxial skeletal expression from beyond the ambulacral column are strongly reminiscent of expressions of the Asteroidea de Blainville, 1830. The character complex of C. spurius n. gen., n. sp. precludes its alignment with any available ophiuran ordinal concept, and available data do not justify proposal of new ordinal terminology: the species is left incertae sedis at the ordinal level but a new familial taxon, Componasteridae n. fam., is recognized. Although Late Ordovician, the complex morphology of Componaster spurius n. gen., n. sp. suggests either plesiomorphic expressions from asterozoan diversification surviving until the Katian or significant homoplasy during early ­asterozoan history.

A new species within the Enteromius kerstenii complex (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae, Smiliogastrinae) from south-western Ethiopia

A new species of small-sized smiliogastrin barb, Enteromius gamo sp. nov., is described from tributaries to lakes Abaya and Chamo in south-western Ethiopia. The new species belongs to a readily diagnosable group commonly identified as E. kerstenii, exhibiting a thickened and serrated last unbranched ray in the dorsal fin, a low number of scales in the lateral series (≤ 27), and a yellow, orange or reddish blotch on operculum. Pairwise genetic distances between the new species from Ethiopia and specimens of E. kerstenii from close to the type locality in north-eastern Tanzania were 7.5–8.3 % (COI) and 8.9–10.1 % (cytb). Enteromius gamo sp. nov. is morphologically distinguished from E. kerstenii and all examined congeners from Tanzania, Kenya, and Uganda primarily by short anterior (15.8–35.1 %, mean 27.4 %, of snout length) and posterior (63.2–95.7 %, mean 81.0 %, of snout length) barbels. The new species is known only from wetlands and side channels of rivers (Hare, Sile, and Sago) along the western shores of lakes Abaya and Chamo.

Pseudarchasteridae (Asteroidea: Paxillosida) in Japanese waters, with description of a new species and range extension of three species

ABSTRACT Four Pseudarchasteridae species, including one new species, are described from Japanese waters. Paragonaster hoeimaruae Kobayshi sp. n. resembles two north-west Pacific congeners, P. chinensis and P. obtusus, but differs from these species in having pedicellariae and lateral abactinal series extending to less than one-half of arm length. We also report the first occurrence of Gephyreaster and P. stenostichus from Japanese waters. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0B02F074-9B9A-4A87-A9D5-797740C6EE50

The Yubileinoe Porphyry Gold–Copper Deposit (Western Kazakhstan): Geological Position and Conditions of Formation

In the Uralian Fold Belt, there are quite numerous and well-studied porphyry copper (±Mo) deposits corresponding to the traditional “diorite” (most) or “monzonite” (Talitsa, Verkhneuralskoe) models. Along with them, there are relatively small but gold-rich massifs of porphyric granitoids, including the large Yubileinoe porphyry Au–Cu deposit, which is located at the southernmost extremity of the Urals. In this study, two main types of regional hydrothermal–metasomatic alteration were distinguished based on applying quantitative petrography and areal multielement geochemical studies in the scale of the ore district: (1) an earlier synvolcanic secondary alteration of volcanics, similar to those observed in volcanic massive sulfide-bearing fields (albitization, propylitic, and listvenitic alteration) and (2) a later plutonogenic alteration of the porphyry type. The plutonogenic hydrothermal–metasomatic (HM) complex is represented by K-feldspathization, hornfels and skarn alteration at the progressive phase, and propylitization, sericitization, and beresitization at the regressive phase. They are caused by hydrothermal alteration in the apical part of the stock, composed of the mineralizing Frasnian granite porphyry complex that hosts the Yubileinoe gold deposit. A lateral series of geochemical zonality (from the periphery of volcanotectonic structures to their center) has been established for the volcanogenic stage of hydrothermal activity: CrNiCo → PbZnCuCrNi → AuAg (CrNi) → BaAuAg. A large positive anomaly of the lithochalcophilic type was found for the HM plutonogenic complex in the ore field of the Yubileinoe deposit. The concentric zonality of this anomaly is characterized by the development of Ag, W, Sn, Pb, As, and Sb halos at its periphery, and Au, Cu, Bi and Mo at its focus (“core”). The stable and radiogenic isotope geochemical data for most of the porphyry copper deposits of the Urals indicate the predominant mantle source of their rocks and ore matter. Their paleotectonic position is reconstructed as a mature stage of intraoceanic island arcs. Unlike many other porphyry objects in the Urals, the totality of geochemical, isotope–geochemical and geological features of the Yubileinoe deposit indicate the predominantly crustal magma source. According to these features, this deposit is closer to Andean-type porphyry deposits, and its position can be reconstructed as an active margin of the Mugodzhar microcontinent, i.e., a suprasubduction regime, transitional from a mature island arc to the marginal continental one. According to the complex of features, this deposit in the Urals is a close analogue of the porphyry gold deposits of the Maricunga Belt in Chile. The magmatic complexes from the Silurian (Wenlock) to the Devonian (Frasnian) age, which are parental to the porphyry gold–copper systems of the Urals, correspond to the early phase of the Wilson cycle. This phase is the most ore-productive with the formation of giant Cr and Fe–Ti–V deposits associated with ultramafic–mafic complexes. It is likely that the differentiation of mafic magmas in the large-volume chambers occurring in the lower part of the lithosphere causes the appearance (as an extreme member) of diorite melts with a noticeable enrichment in gold and copper.

Four new species of dragonfish genus Eustomias (Stomiiformes: Stomiidae: Melanostomiinae) from the western tropical Atlantic, with remarks on Eustomias minimus Clarke, 1999

Abstract Four new species of the scaleless black dragonfish genus Eustomias are described based on specimens collected during the ABRACOS (Acoustics along the BRAzilian COaSt) expeditions along the Fernando de Noronha Ridge, off northeastern Brazil, western tropical Atlantic. Eustomias (Haploclonus) antea sp. nov. differs from its congeners by having a long chin barbel without appendages, ending in a very small terminal bulb without terminal filaments. Eustomias (Haploclonus) lucenae sp. nov. has the lowest count of photophores in the lateral series (56) and a simple, short barbel, ending in a small and asymmetrical terminal bulb. Eustomias (Nominostomias) ophioglossa sp. nov. differs from its congeners by the long chin barbel with two terminal bulbs and long terminal filament with bifurcated axis along its length and with bulblets of different sizes and arrangements inside. Eustomias (Nominostomias) bertrandi sp. nov. can be distinguished by the long chin barbel with two terminal bulbs, the distal bulb more than twice as long as the proximal one, and a short terminal filament. Morphological description of a specimen identified as Eustomias (Dinematochirus) cf. minimus is provided, and an overview of the species of Eustomias reported in Brazilian waters is presented and discussed.

Hydrological modelling of large-scale karst-dominated basin using a grid-based distributed karst hydrological model

Hydrological modelling is important to flood hazard prevention in the flood-prone karst area of Southwest China. Due to the special hydrogeological features with strong spatial heterogeneities and whose information is rarely obtained in large-scale karst-dominated basins; thus, it’s still a challenge to conduct accurate sub-daily distributed precipitation-streamflow simulation in these regions. To reveal the characteristics of hydrological response and the inertia of karst systems that are influenced by the spatial heterogeneity of the degree of karstification, a new Grid-based Distributed Karst Hydrological Model (GDKHM) is developed by this study to simulate streamflow in Li River Basin (LRB), which is a typical large-scale karst-dominated basin of Southwest China. The GDKHM considers the duality of hydrological behavior and the spatial heterogeneities of land uses types and karstification of each grid and river channels routing characteristics between different sub-basins. The results show the GDKHM using calibrated parameters could reflect the spatial distribution characteristics of hydrological response in the LRB. The mean NSE, KGE, R2 and RRE of the streamflow of all the sub-basin outlets during validation period reached 0.82, 0.84, 0.83 and 4.64%, respectively. The hydrograph simulation result of nested interior grid without recalibration was also satisfied. Furthermore, the GDKHM was able to reproduce the Auto-correlation function (ACF) shapes of simulated lateral inflow time series in sub-basins with different percentage of karst terrain areas (PKTAs) during validation period, and the ACF characteristics information including memory effect, slopes of rapid-conduit and slow-matrix flow phases could be captured, which indicates the model can characterize the spatial variability of karst system inertia in large karst basin. Due to the better performance in hydrograph and ACF of streamflow, GDKHM has the potential to successfully support flood forecasting in large-scale karst-dominated basins.

Callogobius williamsi, a new species of goby (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from the Marquesas Islands, with notes on the status of all nominal Callogobius species.

Callogobius williamsi new species is described from the 32.9 mm SL holotype and 29 paratypes (6.932.5 mm SL) from the Marquesas Islands, South Pacific Ocean. Callogobius williamsi is distinguished from all other known Callogobius species by the following combination of characters: scales mostly cycloid, ctenoid scales, if present, restricted to the mid-lateral caudal peduncle, 2326 (mode 25) scales in lateral series, preopercular papillae row (Row 20) absent, and the interorbital canal with pores B, D, and F present. Callogobius williamsi belongs to a group of 23 nominal species (the hasseltii group) that are hypothesized to be monophyletic based on the shared presence of narrow and closely spaced dorsal processes of the cleithrum and an elongate caudal fin (greater than head length in specimens over 20 mm SL). Following the species description is a discussion of the status of all nominal species of Callogobius including a table that provides provisional status for all species correctly assigned to the genus.

Revision of Hypseleotris (Teleostei: Eleotridae) from Indo-Pacific Islands using molecular and morphometric approaches, with description of one new species

Abstract The taxonomy of Hypseleotris fish species from the Indo-Pacific (Australian endemics not included) is revised, using combined molecular and morphological approaches. Seven species are recognized, including description of one new species (Hypseleotris ebneri sp. nov.) and re-elevation of four previous synonyms (Hypseleotris alexis, Hypseleotris everetti, Hypseleotris guentheri and Hypseleotris moncktoni). Two other species retained are Hypseleotris compressa and Hypseleotris cyprinoides. The species differ by divergence in mitochondrial genes (complete ND2 and COI) and by characters including the number of pectoral fin rays, scales in lateral, transverse forward and pre-dorsal series, body depth and head length. The number of Hypseleotris species is greater than previously thought and there are serious conservation issues for several species that have limited distributions. As four different species were found in Papua New Guinea, it is important to study all the specimens collected in this country, and we recommend additional field and genetic sampling, because it is likely that other Hypseleotris species with narrow distribution ranges also exist there.

Reconstruction of the Lateral Series of the Late Cambrian and Early Ordovician Active Continental Margin Structures in the Paleozoides of Northern Kazakhstan

Reconstruction of the Lateral Series of the Late Cambrian and Early Ordovician Active Continental Margin Structures in the Paleozoides of Northern Kazakhstan

Reconstruction of Lateral Rows of the Late Cambrian and Early Ordovician Active Continental Margin Structures in the Paleozoids of Northern Kazakhstan

A comprehensive study of the Upper Cambrian and Lower Ordovician complexes of Northern Kazakhstan was carried out, their ages were substantiated, the structures and compositions of the rocks were investigated. It has been ascertained that the Upper Cambrian formations comprise coarse clastic strata, mafic alkaline effusive rocks and gabbro, while felsic volcanic rocks and granites are represented only by boulders in conglomerates. The Lower Ordovician rocks contain basalt-rhyolite series, felsic alkaline volcanic rocks, and granitoids. The lateral rows of structures of the active continental margin have been reconstructed for the Late Cambrian and Early Ordovician. In the Late Cambrian, the lateral series includes only the structures of the rear extension region, where complexes with the within-plate geochemical characteristics were formed. In the lateral series of the Early Ordovician structures, the frontal volcanic area with the island-arc volcanic rocks and the rear extension area with the intraplate felsic volcanic rocks and granites, were revealed. It is assumed that the differences in the lateral rows of structures may be associated with a change in the tectonic mode of the active continental margin at the Cambrian–Ordovician boundary, when the transform mode with no evidence of suprasubduction magmatism was replaced by convergent magmatism accompanied by the wide distribution of island-arc volcanic rocks.

Pethia chakpiensis (Cyprinidae), a New Species of Cyprinid Fish from the Chindwin-Irrawaddy Drainage of Manipur, India

Pethia chakpiensis sp. nov. is described from the Chakpi River of the Chindwin-Irrawaddy drainage in Manipur, India. This new species is characterized in having an incomplete lateral line with 4–7 pored scales, 21–24 scales in lateral series; 15 preanal scales; intercalated scale row originates above and after the 5th scale of lateral line scale row; absence of humeral spot; caudal peduncle spot on the 17th and 18th lateral series scales and a longitudinal stripe along the flank.

New species of Farlowella (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the rio Tapajós basin, Pará, Brazil

Abstract A new species of stick-catfish Farlowella is described from streams of the lower rio Tapajós drainage, in Pará State, northern Brazil. The new species is distinguished from all congeners by a naked gular region (vs. gular region with plates) and from most congeners by the presence of five lateral series of plate rows on anterior region of body (vs. four). The new species shows variation in the series of abdominal plates and a discussion on the variation of abdominal plates within Farlowella is made and comments on synapomorphic characters in Farlowellini.

A new species of Hypostomus Lacepède, 1803 (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the Mearim River basin, northeastern Brazil

Hypostomus krikati sp. n. is described from the Mearim River basin, state of Maranhão, northeastern Brazil. This new species shares all the diagnostic features defining the Hypostomus plecostomus super-group. Three species of the H. plecostomus super-group are geographically close to the species described here (Hypostomus jaguribensis, H. pusarum and H. papariae). Hypostomus krikati sp. n. is easily distinguised from them by having conspicuous keels along the lateral series of plates. There are other species geographically close to H. krikati sp. n. that do not belong to the H. plecostomus super-group (H. johnii, H. velhomonge and H. velhochico). Hypostomus krikati sp. n. differs from these species by having a lower number of teeth, conspicuous keels along the lateral series of plates, abdominal region totally covered by plates, dark spots horizontally not aligned along lateral series of plates, and large-sized adults. The recently described species for the Maranhão hydrographic systems, as well as the new species here described reinforce the hypothesis that the Maranhão hydrographic systems may present a high level of endemism for freshwater fishes.

First record of spottedsail barb (Pethia phutunio) from Maharashtra, India

Fishes of the cyprinid genus Pethia are diagnosed from other cyprinid genera by a suite of characters that includes small adult size (usually less than 50 mm standard length (SL), exceptionally up to 80 mm SL), absence of rostral barbels, absence or rudimentary maxillary barbels, last unbranched dorsal-fin ray stiff and serrated, 3 to 4 unbranched and 8 branched dorsal-fin rays, 3 unbranched and 5 branched anal-fin rays, lateral line complete, interrupted or incomplete with 19–24 scales in lateral series, and a unique color pattern consisting of a humeral spot, a black blotch on the caudal peduncle, and in some species, black blotches, spots or bars on the body. Pethia are distributed throughout South and Southeast Asia, from Sri Lanka and peninsular India in the west, to Myanmar in the east.

Evaluating the Clinical Value of Oblique-View Radiographs in the Initial Intervention of Closed Distal Radius Fractures: An External Survey of Hand Surgeons

Traditionally, an acute wrist radiograph series comprises posteroanterior, oblique, and lateral projections. There is controversy within the field of orthopedics, however, over the value of the oblique view in determining a plan of care for a given fracture. An external survey of practicing hand surgeons was conducted to evaluate whether the addition of the oblique view to a 2-view (posteroanterior and lateral) series resulted in a difference in the initial intervention plan for closed distal radius fractures (DRFs). Participants, licensed and practicing hand surgeons in the United States, reviewed 30 sets of wrist radiograph studies twice (once as a complete 3-view series and again with the oblique omitted) in a randomized order. Cases were randomly selected to include 10 pediatric, 10 geriatric, and 10 intermediate/adult DRFs. After reviewing the films and demographic information, the participants selected their preferred initial intervention from the following list: (1) treatment using a cast or orthosis without reduction, (2) closed reduction under or without fluoroscopy with treatment using a cast or orthosis, (3) closed reduction and percutaneous fixation with treatment using a cast or orthosis, and (4) open reduction internal fixation and subsequent treatment in a cast or orthosis. A calculated Cohen kappa for the entire sample revealed a statistically significant and strong association between 2- and 3-view survey answers (κ= 0.81, P < .001). Each pairing was examined separately, and 90% of the questions had a statistically significant (P < .05) Cohen kappa pairing; however, many were in the 0.5-0.75 range. The data support the hypothesis that the addition of an oblique view radiograph to a posteroanterior and lateral series does not change surgical decision-making in the initial evaluation of acute closed DRF in many situations. However, although most cases had a statistically significant (P < .05) agreement between the surveys, the oblique view did result in some meaningful intervention changes. Therefore, the elimination of the oblique view cannot be supported by our findings. This is a decision analysis survey study designed to investigate how the oblique-view radiograph influences DRF surgical decision-making.

Description of the first Cretaceous (Santonian) articulated skeletal lungfish remains from South America, Argentina

The fossil record of dipnoans is mostly represented by tooth plates and jaw bones, whereas nearly complete or complete skulls are rare. Here, we describe a new dipnoan from the Santonian (Upper Cretaceous) of Patagonia (Argentina) using three-dimensional renderings generated by CT scans. It consists of a near-complete skull and postcranial material. Rinconodus salvadori n. gen., n. sp. is diagnosed by a combination of features, such as medial series composed of two unpaired bones, mediolateral series composed of two paired bones, lateral series with at least one bone, medial edge of tooth plates longer than the lingual edge and equally curved, upper tooth plates contiguous or close to one another with five denticulations, lower tooth plates widely separated with four denticulations, first denticulation of upper tooth plates longer and thinner than the remaining denticulations, and posteriorly curved, first denticulation of lower tooth plates relatively straight and longer than the remaining ones, among other characters. The new species is based on the first two nearly complete Santonian dipnoan skulls from South America. Moreover, the materials presented here are the geologically youngest dipnoan remains consisting of a near-complete skull and postcranium from the Cretaceous of Gondwana.

Dracophyes cepedai gen. et sp. nov., a new Dracoderidae genus and species (Kinorhyncha: Allomalorhagida) from the Peru Basin

A new Dracoderidae genus, Dracophyes gen. nov., and a new species Dracophyes cepedai sp. nov. from the Peru Basin are described. The new genus is characterized by the presence of acicular spines showing conspicuous intracuticular structures on segments 1–9 (either anchor for the dorsal or groove-like for the lateral series), alternating laterally displaced dorsal spines, becoming more lateral towards the posterior segments, males with two pairs of minute, poorly sclerotized penile spines, and its conspicuous obovate trunk shape. The new genus accommodates three species: Dracophyes toyoshioae comb. nov., Dracophyes chaac comb. nov. and D. cepedai sp. nov. The latter was collected in abyssal depths in the Peru Basin (East Pacific Ocean) and is recognised by having dorsal acicular spines on segments 1 to 9, alternating laterally displaced from the middorsal line, ventral acicular spines in ventrolateral position on segment 1, lateroventral position on segments 2–4 and 6–9, and in lateral accessory position on segment 5, tubes in lateroventral position on segment 5 and in lateral accessory position on segments 2 and 8, type 2 glandular cell outlets in lateroventral position on segment 10 and extremely long lateral terminal spines. Moreover, with the erection of the new genus, emended diagnoses for the family Dracoderidae and the former single genus within the family, Dracoderes, are proposed.

Graphene-silicon-graphene Schottky junction photodetector with field effect structure.

Graphene has unique advantages in ultrabroadband detection. However, nowadays graphene-based photodetectors cannot meet the requirements for practical applications due to their poor performance. Here, we report a graphene-silicon-graphene Schottky junction photodetector assisted by field effect. Two separate graphene sheets are located on both sides of the n-doped silicon to form two opposite lateral series heterojunctions with silicon, and a transparent top gate is designed to modulate the Schottky barrier. Low doping concentration of silicon and negative gate bias can significantly raise the barrier height. Under the combined action of these two measures, the barrier height increases from 0.39 eV to 0.77 eV. Accordingly, the performance of the photodetector has been greatly improved. The photoresponsivity of the optimized device is 2.6 A/W at 792 nm, 1.8 A/W at 1064 nm, and 0.42 A/W at 1550 nm, and the on/off photo-switching ratio reaches 104. Our work provides a feasible solution for the development of graphene-based optoelectronic devices.

LATE PALEOZOIC REMAGNETISATION AS AN INDEPENDENT INDICATOR OF TECTONIC PROCESSES IN THE SOUTHERN URALS

Analysis of secondary magnetization components (Late Paleozoic remagnetization) makes it possible to trace the formation of the Southern Urals folded system. The paper presents new data on the Late Paleozoic remagnetization of rocks in the Southern Urals. The results of the paleomagnetic study of rocks in various structural zones of the Southern Urals, obtained since 2009, were revised and supplemented again to identify the remagnetization component. Combined analysis of the newly obtained results and previously published data on Late Paleozoic remagnetization shows that in the western segment of the western slope of the South Urals the intermediate-temperature magnetization component (ITC) was acquired prior to or at the initial stages of deformation. In contrast, the ITC observed in the eastern segment arose after folding. In the western part of the Magnitogorsk zone in Devonian-age rocks, the average for all sites is post-folding. Deformations here occurred long before the final stage of the development of the Urals, most likely in late Devonian — early Carboniferous. In the Magnitogorsk-Bogdanovsky graben, in the early Carboniferous rocks, ITC has arisen during the process of deformation or shortly before it and at its initial stages. The Late Paleozoic remagnetisation identified in the paleomagnetic records is regional in nature and probably reflects a collisional event of the final stage of the evolution of the Ural Paleocean. Collision processes which occurred in the Southern Urals from the Late Devonian until the Late Permian time had undoubtedly left their trace in the western structures (in present-day coordinates). Within the passive margin of Baltica the collision resulted in the formation of a lateral series of fold-and-thrust structures. They started from the Main Uralian Fault westward, with possible gradual termination of this process towards the Pre-Uralian Foredeep. Paleomagnetic results of this research work support these assumptions.