Lateral Inhibition Theory Research Articles

Gearbox Fault Diagnosis Based on Selective Integrated Soft Competitive Learning Fuzzy Adaptive Resonance Theory

In this work, a soft competitive learning fuzzy adaptive resonance theory (SFART) diagnosis model based on multifeature domain selection for the single symptom domain and the single-target model is proposed. In order to solve the problem that the performance of traditional fuzzy ART (FART) is affected by the order of sample input, the similarity criterion of YU norm is introduced into the fuzzy ART network. In the meanwhile, the lateral inhibition theory is introduced to solve the wasteful problem of fuzzy ART mode node. By combining YU norm and lateral inhibition theory with fuzzy ART network, a soft competitive learning ART neural network diagnosis model that allows multiple mode nodes to learn simultaneously is designed. The feature parameters are extracted from the perspectives of time domain, frequency domain, time series model, wavelet analysis, and wavelet packet energy spectrum analysis, respectively. To further improve the diagnostic accuracy, the selective weighted majority voting method is integrated into the diagnosis model. Finally, the selected feature parameters are inputted to the integrated model to complete the fault classification and diagnosis. Finally, the proposed method is verified with a gearbox fault diagnosis test.

Fault diagnosis of rolling bearing based on optimized soft competitive learning Fuzzy ART and similarity evaluation technique

In this work, a new classification method called Soft Competitive Learning Fuzzy Adaptive Resonance Theory (SFART) is proposed to diagnose bearing faults. In order to solve the misclassification caused by the traditional Fuzzy ART based on hard competitive learning, a soft competitive learning ART model is established using Yu’s norm similarity criterion and lateral inhibition theory. The proposed SFART is based on Yu’s norm similarity criterion and soft competitive learning mechanism. In SFART, Yu’s similarity criterion and the lateral inhibition theory were employed to measure the proximity and select winning neurons, respectively. To further improve the classification accuracy, a feature selection technique based on Yu’s norms is also proposed. In addition, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is introduced to optimize the model parameters of SFART. Meanwhile, the validity of the feature selection technique and parameter optimization method is demonstrated. Finally, fuzzy ART/ ARTMAP (FAM) as well as the feasibility of the proposed SFART algorithm are validated by comparing the diagnosis effectiveness of the proposed algorithm with the classic Fuzzy c-means (FCM), Fuzzy ART and fuzzy ARTMAP (FAM).

Characterization of the perceived sound of trauma-induced tinnitus in gerbils

Tinnitus often develops following inner ear pathologies, like acoustic trauma. Therefore, an acoustic trauma model of tinnitus in gerbils was established using a modulated acoustic startle response. Cochlear trauma evoked by exposure to narrow-band noise at 10 kHz was assessed by auditory brainstem responses (ABR) and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE). Threshold shift amounted to about 25 dB at frequencies > 10 kHz. Induction of a phantom-noise perception was documented by an acoustic startle response paradigm. A reduction of the gap-prepulse inhibition of acoustic startle (GPIAS) was taken as evidence for tinnitus at the behavioral level. Three to five weeks after trauma the ABR and DPOAE thresholds were back to normal. At that time, a reduction of GPIAS in the frequency range 16-20 kHz indicated a phantom noise perception. Seven weeks post trauma the tinnitus-affected frequency range became narrow and shifted to the center-trauma frequency at 10 kHz. Taken together, by investigating frequency-dependent effects in detail, this study in gerbils found trauma-evoked tinnitus developing in the frequency range bordering the low frequency slope of the induced noise trauma. This supports the theory of lateral inhibition as the physiological basis of tinnitus.

Spatial Distribution of the Attentional Blink

In the present study subjects viewed streams of rapid serially presented characters and searched for a target digit. After presentation of the target digit, a second target consisting of an orientation singleton (Experiment 1) or a second digit (Experiment 2) was presented at one of several distances from the first target. The attentional blink (AB) impaired performance on the second target with the effect being strongest at distances somewhat removed from the first target location. These results are consistent with lateral inhibition theory and help to resolve some fundamental questions about the spatial distribution of the AB.

The Application of Lateral Inhibition Model in Image's Contour Enhancement and Design of Its Electro-Model

For overcoming the problem s such as distortion and shift of object ’ s edge, easily losing the object detail information of method s in image edge detection , and satisfying higher demand for object detection in the modern war, a new image edge detection method was designed. LOG edge detection as a typical image processing method was introduced and the disadvantage of this model was analyzed firstly. B ased on lateral inhibition theory, an acyclic lateral inhibition network model (ALINM) based on biology vision information processing mechanism was design ed. The feasibility of object detection by lateral inhibition model was analyzed, i n order to express the advantage such as rapid calculati on easily real time operation of ALINM , the calculation magnitude of circulation difference lateral inhibition model was analyzed. Besides the correctness of ALINM wa s confirmed with two input cells, its transfer function wa s deduced. An algorithm of image edge detection based on this model wa s established finally, lateral inhibition effect also was confirmed by one-dimension and two-dimension circuit model based ALINM . S imulative experiment with different parameters and physics experiment prove that acyclic lateral inhibition network model can be realized easily, it can preserve the farthest detail information of object and has faster calculation speed than LOG operator . ALINM and lateral inhibition theory provide a useful method based on biology vision for object detection under difficult imaging conditions.

Perception of initial moving target signals: Support for a cumulative lateral inhibition theory.

The cumulative lateral inhibition (CLI) theory of the Fröhlich effect (perceptual mislocalization of the starting position of a moving target in the direction of movement) proposes that the target is difficult to see early in its trajectory because inhibitory feedback from later target views weakens initial target representations. In contrast, attention shift explanations contend that a phenomenal representation of the target is unavailable until attention has shifted to the vicinity of the target. Experiments 1-3 demonstrated that instructing naive undergraduate participants to accept different degrees of target clarity before making their response can alter the magnitude (and presence) of the Fröhlich effect. Experiments 2-4 showed that increasing movement distance by adding target presentations reduced the visibility of the target at early positions. These results are difficult to reconcile with an attention shift account.

Displacement effects caused by converging lines and dots.

Changes induced in orientation were examined under conditions of a dot or full-line version of a stimulus consisting of a test and inducing line. 44 subjects visually extended the test line to the surrounding circle on 11 trials and indicated their response by a mark on the circle. Magnitude of illusion was reduced by 54% for the dot version compared with the full-line form, but both produced an illusion significantly greater than zero. A significant practice effect was obtained with full lines but not with the dot form. Results are discussed in terms of lateral inhibition theory and related research.

ネットワーク算法による両眼立体視の対応点決定方法

In this paper we present a stereo matching method based on a network algorithm. The network to transport the characteristic features from one image to anothor is constructed as an electrical network connected by variable resistors. By this analogy the characteristic features can be considered as electrical current. Using this network, matching problem can be transformed as a computation of current distribution satisfying the constraints for the physical surface. In the step to find the distribution, we utilize the lateral inhibition theory and change iteratively the values of resistors.Several algorithms were devised for stereo matching, such as a method using correlation coefficient, dynamic programming or the relaxation method. But these methods were not satisfactory because they need vast amount of calculation or they were not capable to obtain enough resolution.In this paper, the method for detection of corresponding points by means of the network algorithm resolves the deficits of conventional methods. The method is able to use the images or those differences directly, furthermore, by the method a pixel of one image can be matched to any point between the pixels of the other image. Because of these facts, fine resolution can be obtained.Experimental results are shown to confirm effectiveness of this method to navigate the locomotive vehicle. Although this method is defined on one dimensional, extension to two dimensional is easily performed by use of three dimensional network.

Effects of wedge degradation on the magnitude of the Ponzo illusion

This research represents an attempt to test empirically three different theoretical explanations for the classic Ponzo illusion: perspective theory, lateral inhibition theory, and assimilation-contrast theory. Under conditions of tachistoscopic presentation (250 msec), 24 male and 24 female undergraduate students were shown the full-wedge Ponzo figure and two degradations, each with either apical or distal line position. Differences in magnitude and direction of illusion among the figures revealed equivocal findings. In accounting for the Ponzo illusion, the results question the adequacy of each theoretical formulation. The weight of the evidence, however, shows greater support for the assimilation-contrast notion.

Inhibition latérale et métacontraste

Summary After having shown that the masking figure plays an important role in metacontrast, the effects of SM on TS have been simulated and analysed using the lateral inhibition theory proposed by Weisstein. The simulation consisted in presenting the subjects with stimuli identical to those they are supposed to perceive when they are placed in a situation of metacontrast. The validity of such a simulation was justified on the analysis of individual differences found both in this situation and in those dealing with metacontrast. The results have shown that lateral inhibition, even if it explains metacontrast, is not as simple as suggested by Weisstein.

On spurious allusions

The criticisms of Walker’ theory by MacLeod, Virsu, and Carpenter are shown to stem from a too simple reading of the text of the theory, a failure to investigate fully the references cited to support their position, and an effort to bolster the theory of lateral inhibition in orientation detectors. The criticisms are shown to misrepresent the experimental data of various reports. Walker’s physiological premises are shown to be sound, and the cases of “contrary evidence” are shown infact to be in agreement with the theory. Lateral inhibition in orientation detectors as an explanation of optical illusions is shown to fail completely to agree with experimental results.

On the theory of lateral inhibition.

Das mathematische Modell fur das Prinzip der lateralen Inhibition in der Theorie der optischen Perzeption fuhrt auf ein System nichtlinearer Gleichungen fur n reelle Variable. Dieses System wird auf Losbarkeit und eindeutige Losbarkeit untersucht. Es zeigt sich, das die Gleichung als Bedingung fur die stationaren Zustande eines geeigneten zeitabhangigen Systems zu deuten ist. Hier kann man ein diskretes und ein kontinuierliches Modell einfuhren. In beiden Fallen kann die Frage der Existenz der Losungen und der Stabilitat einigermasen vollstandig geklart werden. Eine Verallgemeinerung auf kontinuierlich viele Raumvariable ist moglich.