Latent Profile Analysis Approach Research Articles

Achievement goal orientation and academic social comparison emotions in competitive learning environments: Latent profile analysis approach

Achievement goal orientation and academic social comparison emotions in competitive learning environments: Latent profile analysis approach

Exploring the symptom patterns of depression and anxiety among teachers during COVID-19: A latent profile analysis.

The present study used the latent profile analysis (LPA) approach to explore the symptom patterns of depression and anxiety among Chinese teachers during COVID-19 and its relationship with fear of COVID-19 and suicidal ideation. A sample of 6,121 teachers from primary and secondary schools in a district-level administrative unit in southern China was used. The LPA was employed to identify different symptom patterns of depression and anxiety. We subsequently used logistic regression to analyze the effects of demographic variables on the different profiles. The Bolck-Croon-Hagenaars method assessed the relationships between each profile and fear of COVID-19 and suicidal ideation. The study identified five significant latent profiles and two subtypes in the moderate psychological disorder group. We also found that gender, professional title, and age significantly influenced the distribution of the profiles. The risk for both fear of COVID-19 and suicidal ideation was highest in the severe psychological disorder group. The high anxiety subtype had a significantly greater fear of the new coronavirus epidemic than the high depression subtype, which had a significantly higher level of suicidal ideation than the high anxiety subtype. The profiles we identified have distinct features that confirm their unique patterns of symptom endorsement. Our study may have important implications for early warning and intervention in teacher mental health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Constellations of posttraumatic stress symptoms and posttraumatic growth among Israeli female combat veterans: A latent profile analysis approach.

Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms (PTSS) and posttraumatic growth (PTG) are possible reactions to exposure to potentially traumatic events (PTEs) during military service. However, knowledge about patterns of both PTSS and PTG among female combat veterans is sparse. This study examines constellations of PTSS and PTG among Israeli female combat veterans, as well as military-related exposure and positive psychological correlates of these constellations. A volunteer sample of Israeli women combat veterans (n = 885) responded to self-report questionnaires in a cross-sectional design study. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was used to identify four profiles characterized by unique constellations of PTSS and PTG: moderate PTSS and high PTG (33%), moderate PTSS and moderate PTG (30%), low PTSS and high PTG (30%), and low PTSS and PTG (5.5%). Higher levels of combat experiences were associated with higher odds of inclusion in the moderate PTSS and high PTG and moderate PTSS and moderate PTG profiles. Moreover, compared to the other classes, both low PTSS and high PTG and moderate PTSS and high PTG classes were associated with higher levels of satisfaction with life and happiness psychological outcomes. The study's findings offer an overview of the complex pattern of associations between PTSS, PTG, and associated predictors and outcomes. Clinicians treating female veterans should be aware of the varying reactions to military service challenges, including the presence of moderate to high levels of PTG reactions in addition to PTSS.

Personality types and their associations with psychological resilience, coping with stress, and life satisfaction among undergraduate students: A latent profile analysis approach

In this study, we sought to replicate and expand upon Block's (1971) RUO (Resilients-Undercontrollers-Overcontrollers) personality typology using a sample of 483 undergraduate students. We employed latent profile analysis (LPA) to identify distinct patterns of Big Five personality traits and examined how these latent profile groups were associated with critical aspects of well-being, including life satisfaction, coping with stress, and psychological resilience. Our findings provide robust support for the replicability of the RUO typology. Resilients exhibited significantly higher levels of life satisfaction and psychological resilience compared to both Undercontrollers and Overcontrollers. Undercontrollers reported the lowest average scores in life satisfaction. We observed variations in coping strategies among these groups, with Resilients favoring adaptive problem-solving, while Undercontrollers tended to engage in self-critique more frequently than the other two profiles. Resilients were also less likely to use detachment as a coping strategy compared to Overcontrollers and Undercontrollers.

Personality profiles and political regions: A latent profile analysis approach

Big Five personality traits have been consistently shown to be important predictors of political differences. Other work found that political differences are related to geographical differences in personality. The present study extended existing work by examining the numbers and features of distinct personality profiles within different political regions of the United States using latent profile analysis (LPA). Across two large datasets (total N > 6,000), we found that while all regions shared similar numbers (3–5 profiles per region) and some overlapping patterns of personality profiles (e.g., well-adapted individuals), different political regions also showed unique personality profile patterns (e.g., “Worrisome Liberals”, “Rigid & Antisocial”). Overall, these results provide initial evidence suggesting that different personality profiles may exist among different political regions of the US, and offer insights on the interplay between personality, political ideology, and geographical differences.

Impacts of Parenting and Child Self-Regulation on the Problematic Use of Smart Media: A Latent Profile Analysis Approach

Objectives: To investigate latent profiles of maternal parenting behaviors (APQ) and toddlers’ self-regulation (SCRS) that influence problematic smart media use (PSMU). We explored mother-child dyads that may be vulnerable or protective toward smart media use by classifying various latent groups based on child characteristics and parenting environment.Methods: An online survey was completed with 678 mothers of 3-5-year-olds to assess toddlers’ PSMU, SCRS, and APQ. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 25.0 and latent profile analysis was conducted with Mplus 8.0. using the DU3STEP approach.Results: Toddlers' SCRS and APQ were classified into five latent profile groups: average, protective parenting, dual vulnerable, vulnerable parenting and mutual protective. Both the vulnerable parenting and dual vulnerable groups exhibited the highest levels of craving, dependence, and permission regarding PSMU, while the other three groups displayed below-average levels of PSMU. The mutual protective and protective parenting groups were the safest. The largest group was the average group, with about 42 percent of the total, and the smallest was the vulnerable parenting group, with 8.31 percent.Conclusion: A latent profile analysis revealed that APQ served as both risk and protective factors for all aspects of PSMU in toddlers. Child SCRS interacted with and was influenced by maternal influences in all dimensions of craving, dependence, and permission. Examining toddlers' PSMU in light of their interactions with their mothers suggests that not only the child but also the parenting environment should be considered.

Burnout and Its Relationship with Work Engagement in Healthcare Professionals: A Latent Profile Analysis Approach

The aim of this study was to use latent profile analysis to identify specific profiles of burnout syndrome in combination with work engagement and to identify whether job satisfaction, psychological well-being, and other sociodemographic and work variables affect the probability of presenting a profile of burnout syndrome and low work enthusiasm. A total of 355 healthcare professionals completed the Spanish Burnout Inventory, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, the Job Satisfaction Scale, and the Psychological Well-Being Scale for Adults. Latent profile analysis identified four profiles: (1) burnout with high indolence (BwHIn); (2) burnout with low indolence (BwLIn); (3) high engagement, low burnout (HeLb); and (4) in the process of burning out (IPB). Multivariate logistic regression showed that a second job in a government healthcare institution; a shift other than the morning shift; being divorced, separated or widowed; and workload are predictors of burnout profiles with respect to the HeLb profile. These data are useful for designing intervention strategies according to the needs and characteristics of each type of burnout profile.

Uncovering resilient profiles and their influence on college student psychosocial functioning: a latent profile analysis approach to complete mental health

Uncovering resilient profiles and their influence on college student psychosocial functioning: a latent profile analysis approach to complete mental health

Emerging cities and travel motivation: A latent profile analysis approach

Emerging city destinations frequently face numerous managerial challenges, resulting in common pitfalls and rookie mistakes. The evolution, new dynamics, and shift in tourism demand, together with many cities’ efforts to diversify offerings and exploit their multi-attractiveness, necessitate a re-evaluation of present viewpoints on what motivates city break tourists. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to focus on scale development for emerging cities travel motivation; and to determine latent subpopulations (profiles) within a population of city break visitors based on their motivation to visit a city. The study used principal component analysis to test the dimensions of the emerging cities travel motivation factors scale. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the measurement model. Subtypes (profiles) of city break travel motivation factors were obtained using latent profile analysis (LPA). The following dimensions for the emerging cities travel motivation scale were identified: Image, Vibrance, and Novelty, Core Destination Values, Social Experience, Ego Boosting and Shopping, Psycho-physical Relaxation. Based on LPA analysis four profiles of emerging city visitors were defined: Indifferent, Conventional, Psycho-physical relaxing, ego-boosting, and Shopping city break tourists. From a theoretical standpoint, this study broadens the existing corpus of research on emerging cities travel motivation, allowing for the discovery of distinct latent groups of visitors as well as significant differences between them.

'Prosociality' in Daily School Life and Early Adolescents' Peer Aggression: A Multilevel Latent Profile Analysis Approach.

We aimed to typify prosocial characteristics of aggressive youth. We classified early adolescents based on daily configurations of prosocial behavior and autonomous prosocial motivations (performing prosocial behavior for identified and intrinsic reasons) and controlled prosocial motivations (performing prosocial behavior for external and introjected reasons) and explored the links between the obtained sub-groups and peer aggression. The sample included 242 Israeli six-graders [Mage = 11.96 (SD = 0.18), 50% girls] and their teachers. At the daily level, adolescents self-reported on prosocial behaviors and their autonomous and controlled prosocial motivations for ten consecutive days. At the trait level, adolescents reported on global, reactive, and proactive peer aggression. Teachers reported on adolescents' global peer aggression. Using multilevel latent profile analysis, we identified four day-level profiles of prosociality: 'high prosocial autonomous' (39% of days), 'low prosocial' (35%), 'average prosocial controlled' (14%), and 'high prosocial bi-motivation' (13%). At the adolescent level, we identified four sub-groups, each characterized by one dominant daily profile: 'stable high autonomy' (33% of adolescents); 'stable high bi-motivation' (12%); 'often average controlled' (16%); 'often low' (39%). Higher self-reported aggressive adolescents, particularly proactive aggressive, had the least chance of being in the 'stable high autonomy' sub-group of all sub-groups. Teacher-reported aggressive adolescents had the least likelihood of being in the 'stable high autonomy' sub-group and the most likelihood of being in the 'often low' sub-group. In sum, peer aggression is a function of the configured phenomenology of prosocial behavior and motivations, with high prosocial autonomously motivated youth being the least aggressive.

지도교수의 지도유형에 따른 잠재집단 분류와 대학원생의 만족도 및 학업성과와의 관계

While literature on graduate education in Western countries has long regarded the advising relationship as critical for student development and success, far less attention has been paid to graduate advising relationship in the context of South Korea. Using a latent profile analysis approach, the present study examines the ways in which Korean graduate students (N=307) are classified based on the types of support provided by their advisors and how such classification is related to student outcomes such as graduate satisfaction and perceived academic achievement. Results reveal three distinct latent profiles among students: “overall balanced high support,” “moderate academic support,” and “low academic support.” Findings also indicate that students in the “overall balanced high support” profile had significantly higher levels of graduate satisfaction and achievement compared to students in the other two profiles. Significant difference was not found in either outcome between students in the “moderate academic support” and “low academic support” profiles. These findings provide initial evidence of heterogeneity across graduate students in terms of advisor support and related outcomes in the Korean context. Implications for research and practice are then discussed.

Understanding the influence of irrational beliefs and body image inflexibility on exercise dependence and psychological well-being: A latent profile analysis approach

ABSTRACT Irrational beliefs are a risk factor for mental ill-health and exercise dependence. In addition to this, researchers have also proposed that body image inflexibility can determine mental health and behavioural outcomes. However, research is yet to explore whether and to what extent irrational beliefs and body image inflexibility align to influence mental health and exercise dependence. We examined the latent profile structure of irrational beliefs and body image inflexibility, and how these latent profiles relate to mental health and exercise dependence in exercise active adults. Results indicate a two class profile, whereby class 1 is characterized by high irrational beliefs and body image inflexibility, and class 2 is characterized by low irrational beliefs and body image inflexibility. Those in class 1 reported significantly greater depression, anxiety, stress, and exercise dependence than those in class 2 (p ≤ .02). The findings are discussed in relation to the implications for practitioners in the mental health of exercise participants.

Characterizing different cognitive and neurobiological profiles in a community sample of children using a non-parametric approach: An fMRI study

Executive Functions (EF) is an umbrella term for a set of mental processes geared towards goal-directed behavior supporting academic skills such as reading abilities. One of the brain’s functional networks implicated in EF is the Default Mode Network (DMN). The current study uses measures of inhibitory control, a main sub-function of EF, to create cognitive and neurobiological "inhibitory control profiles" and relate them to reading abilities in a large sample (N = 5055) of adolescents aged 9–10 from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Using a Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) approach, data related to inhibitory control was divided into four inhibition classes. For each class, functional connectivity within the DMN was calculated from resting-state data, using a non-parametric algorithm for detecting group similarities. These inhibitory control profiles were then related to reading abilities. The four inhibitory control groups showed significantly different reading abilities, with neurobiologically different DMN segregation profiles for each class versus controls. The current study demonstrates that a community sample of children is not entirely homogeneous and is composed of different subgroups that can be differentiated both behaviorally/cognitively and neurobiologically, by focusing on inhibitory control and the DMN. Educational implications relating these results to reading abilities are noted.

Latent profile analysis approach to the relationship between daily ambulatory activity patterns and metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and elderly Japanese individuals: The Toon Health Study.

This cross-sectional study aimed to identify the accumulation patterns of objectively measured ambulatory activity (AA) variables in the Japanese middle-aged and elderly individuals and examine the relationship of these derivative patterns with metabolic syndrome (MetS). A total of 1850 participants (66.1% women, mean age: 57.7 years) provided objectively assessed AA data using a uniaxial accelerometer. The number of steps, time accumulated in light-intensity AA (LIAA) and moderate-to-vigorous intensity AA (MVAA), and the ratio of MVAA to total AA (LIAA + MVAA) were calculated. Latent profile analysis was used to identify groups of participants based on their distinct AA patterns. Logistic regression models were used to assess the association of groups with MetS after adjusting for age, sex, alcohol intake, and cigarette smoking. Four distinct groups were identified: Group A had few steps and low levels of LIAA and MVAA; group B had a certain number of steps and recommended level of MVAA but low level of LIAA; group C had a certain number or more of steps, high level of LIAA, and recommended level of MVAA; group D had an extremely high number of steps and high levels of both LIAA and MVAA. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for MetS in groups B, C, and D relative to group A were 0.857 (0.611-1.201), 0.679 (0.500-0.922), and 0.434 (0.259-0.730), respectively. Groups C and D had significantly lower odds ratio of MetS compared to group A. AA pattern involving a certain number or greater of steps accumulated through not only MVAA but also LIAA may help reduce the risk of MetS compared to inactive AA pattern.

Understanding, Trusting, and Applying Scientific Insights to Improve Your Health: A Latent Profile Analysis Approach.

Various leading causes of death can be prevented or delayed through informed decision-making and lifestyle changes. Previous work has, to some extent, linked such health-promoting behavior (HPB) with variables capturing individuals’ understanding of science, trust in science, and capacity to apply evidence-based information in the health context. However, empirical research on the relationship between scientific knowledge, trust in science, health literacy, and HPB is scarce. Additionally, no study has investigated whether these characteristics interact to form homogeneous, high-risk subgroups of the population. The present online study (N = 705) revealed that trust in science and health literacy were positively related to a wide array of HPBs (e.g., healthy nutrition, physical activity, stress management), while scientific knowledge was only positively associated with COVID-19 vaccination intention. Furthermore, the results of latent profile analyses yielded four subgroups (i.e., low, moderate, and high levels of all three variables and a varied profile exhibiting very low trust in science, low health literacy, and moderate scientific knowledge). The identified subgroups differ significantly in HPB and variables determining profile membership (e.g., political conservatism). Hence, the present study offers some guidance on which groups may be targeted with public health campaigns and how they may be designed.

Patterns of Sexual Well-Being in Mexican Adolescents and Associations with Psychological Adjustment: A Latent Profile Analysis Approach

ABSTRACT We examined Mexican adolescent sexual well-being tasks, defined as the positive cognitive and emotional evaluations of one’s sexuality. We assessed three dimensions: acceptance of sexual desire, sexual decision-making involving mutual consent, and, when sexually active, the practice of safe sex. We utilized a person-centered approach to examine how patterns marked by different aspects of sexual well-being predict psychological adjustment. Participants were 1123 Mexican high or middle school (72%) students (54% girls; Mage = 15.1, SD = 1.52). We found a 6-profile model: 1) Average Sexual Health (40%); 2) High Protective Low Acceptance (20%); 3) Multidimensional Healthy (19%); 4) Multidimensional Risky (11%); 5) High Acceptance Low Contraception and Consent (6%); and 6) High Consent Low Contraception (4%). These profiles included some adolescents who experienced both low and high sexual scores on different sexual well-being indicators. For example, adolescents who belonged to the High Protective, Low Acceptance profile understood the importance of safe sex and mutual consent; but still felt sexual guilt. Profile membership was associated with gender, religion, age, and sexual experience. Adolescents in classes marked by high levels of well-being reported high levels of psychological adjustment. Findings may help educators develop more targeted sexual risk and violence prevention programs.

Children's Motivation Profiles in Sports and Physical Activities: A Latent Profile Analysis and Self-Determination Theory Approach.

Using latent profile analysis and self-determination theory, the present study aimed to examine younger children's motivation profiles in sports and physical activities and the relations of those profiles to various predictors and achievement outcomes. A total of 1,116 German children from Grade 2 participated in this study. Latent-profile-analysis solutions based on five behavioral-regulation types covered in self-determination theory (i.e.,intrinsic, identified, introjected, external, amotivation) were tested. Results favored a three-profile solution, showing three theoretically meaningful and distinct motivation profiles labeled "amotivated," "non-self-determined," and "self-determined." Older children and children with a lower physical self-concept were more likely to be members of the amotivated profile relative to the other profiles than younger children and children with a higher physical self-concept. Furthermore, children of the self-determined profile demonstrated the best physical performance in various motor-skills tests.

Modelling lifestyle-based segments of Indian wine consumers using the latent profile analysis approach

PurposeThis study aims to identify and validate the different clusters of wine consumers in India based on the wine-related lifestyle (WRL) instrument. It also investigates how the identified clusters differ in terms of socio-demographic characteristics, such as age, gender, income, education, employment and marital status.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted a survey using a structured questionnaire to collect data from wine consumers in India. The number of participants totalled to 432. The authors first identified the clusters using latent profile analysis. The authors then used the decision tree analysis based on a recursive partitioning algorithm to validate the clusters. Finally, the authors analysed the relationship between the identified clusters and socio-demographic characteristics using correspondence analysis.FindingsThree distinct segments emerged after data were subjected to latent profile analysis, namely, curious, ritualistic and casual. The authors found that the curious cluster had a high mean score for situational and social consumption while the ritualistic cluster had a high mean for ritualistic consumption. The findings also suggest that the casual cluster had more female wine consumers.Originality/valueThis study makes methodological contributions to the wine consumer segmentation approach. First, it adopts a latent profile analysis to profile Indian wine consumers. Second, it validates the obtained clusters using the decision tree analysis method. Third, it analyses the relationship between the identified clusters and socio-demographic variables using correspondence analysis, a technique far superior to the Chi-square methods.

Innovative computational approaches shed light on genetic mechanisms underlying cognitive impairment among children born extremely preterm

BackgroundAlthough survival rates for infants born extremely preterm (gestation < 28 weeks) have improved significantly in recent decades, neurodevelopmental impairment remains a major concern. Children born extremely preterm remain at high risk for cognitive impairment from early childhood to adulthood. However, there is limited evidence on genetic factors associated with cognitive impairment in this population.MethodsFirst, we used a latent profile analysis (LPA) approach to characterize neurocognitive function at age 10 for children born extremely preterm. Children were classified into two groups: (1) no or low cognitive impairment, and (2) moderate-to-severe cognitive impairment. Second, we performed TOPMed-based genotype imputation on samples with genotype array data (n = 528). Third, we then conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for LPA-inferred cognitive impairment. Finally, computational analysis was conducted to explore potential mechanisms underlying the variant x LPA association.ResultsWe identified two loci reaching genome-wide significance (p value < 5e-8): TEA domain transcription factor 4 (TEAD4 at rs11829294, p value = 2.40e-8) and syntaxin 18 (STX18 at rs79453226, p value = 1.91e-8). Integrative analysis with brain expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL), chromatin conformation, and epigenomic annotations suggests tetraspanin 9 (TSPAN9) and protein arginine methyltransferase 8 (PRMT8) as potential functional genes underlying the GWAS signal at the TEAD4 locus.ConclusionsWe conducted a novel computational analysis by utilizing an LPA-inferred phenotype with genetics data for the first time. This study suggests that rs11829294 and its LD buddies have potential regulatory roles on genes that could impact neurocognitive impairment for extreme preterm born children.

“I must do this!”: A latent profile analysis approach to understanding the role of irrational beliefs and motivation regulation in mental and physical health

ABSTRACT In the research concerning rational emotive behaviour therapy (REBT) in sport and exercise, irrational beliefs are proposed as a risk factor for health. Concurrent to this, researchers have also indicated that autonomous and controlled motivation, as proposed in organismic integration theory could, together with irrational beliefs, determine individual health. However, research is yet to align irrational beliefs and motivation, and explore how this alignment relates to mental health. The present two study paper identifies individual subgroups, drawn from data concerning irrational beliefs, motivation, and health (psychological distress, and physical health), in a sample of exercisers (study 1) and student athletes (study 2). We examined the latent profile structure of irrational beliefs and motivation, and how these latent profiles relate to psychological distress (studies 1 and 2), and physical health (study 2). Results indicate a two class profile whereby class 1 is characterised by high irrational beliefs, low self-determined motivation, and poor health outcomes. Class 2 is characterised by low irrational beliefs, high self-determined motivation, and better health outcomes. The findings are discussed in relation to the theoretical implications for REBT and organismic integration theory, and the practical implications for key stakeholders in the health of exercise participants and athletes.