Laryngeal Cysts Research Articles

A Case of Laryngeal Saccular Cyst Removed by Laryngomicrosurgery

A Case of Laryngeal Saccular Cyst Removed by Laryngomicrosurgery

A Rare Case of Ductal Laryngeal Cyst and Its Surgical Outcome

A Rare Case of Ductal Laryngeal Cyst and Its Surgical Outcome

A clinical case of successful treatment of an air cyst of the larynx

Laryngeal air cyst (laryngocele) is a rare disease that is an abnormal cystic expansion of the deep structures of the laryngeal ventricle. They can be accompanied by serious complaints, such as shortness of breath, difficulty breathing during exercise, as well as at rest with large cysts. Computed tomography is the most effective method for determining the type, localization and degree of laryngocele. Although surgical treatment is considered the method of choice in cases of laryngeal air cyst, the approach significantly depends on the size of the lesion.

Congenital High Airway Obstructive Syndrome (CHAOS) Survival of a Newborn with Laryngeal Atresia.

Congenital high airway obstructive syndrome (CHAOS) is a rare congenital anomaly, frequently caused by laryngeal or tracheal atresia, tracheal stenosis, and obstructing laryngeal cysts. This is a congenital malformation, often fatal, with an unknown prevalence. Laryngeal atresia is the most frequent cause. We report a case of an intrauterine diagnosis of CHAOS and ascites in a 17-week fetus delivered at 38 weeks of gestation without other associated malformations. A fetoscopic procedure was performed at 22 weeks of gestation. An attempt was made to perforate the affected area to ensure pulmonary fluid circulation and the ascites' resolution. After birth, a tracheostomy was performed. The patient was mechanically ventilated until 11 months of age, when she was discharged with no cerebral or other complications of immediate postnatal anoxia or episodes of respiratory arrest. A laryngotracheoplasty was performed at 2 years old, but decannulation was not possible due to certain complications. At 5 years old, a new surgical intervention was performed, which allowed decannulation 6 months later.

New progress in the surgical treatment of laryngeal cyst in infants and children

Laryngeal cyst is a cystic lesion occurring in the laryngeal cavity. Large laryngeal cyst in infants and young children can cause laryngeal wheezing and other upper airway obstruction symptoms. In severe cases, it can be even life-threatening and requires timely surgical treatment. Currently, there is a lack of unified clinical treatment strategy for this disease.This article summarizes the surgical methods, the advantages and disadvantages of various surgical methods for laryngeal cysts in recent years. It is recommended that needle aspiration, partial cyst wall resection, radical cyst dissection, transoral robotic surgery or external approach cyst resection should be selected through full communication and evaluation to clarify the extent of the lesion scope and the advantages and disadvantages of surgery.

Retrospective review of airway obstruction in 19 infants with pharyngeal cysts

Objective:To discuss the clinical characteristic and treatment of laryngeal cysts in infants. Methods:The clinical data of 19 patients diagnosed with laryngeal cysts in Department of Otolaryngology, Sichuan Provincial Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital from November 2017 to April 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Results:All of the 19 patients were diagnosed as laryngeal cysts, with clinical manifestations included respiratory distress, inspiratory dyspnea, difficulty in feeding and low and weak crying, etc. All of them were cured after surgical treatment. Conclusion:Misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis of laryngeal cysts are prone to occur in infants and young children. After diagnosis, patients should undergo early surgical treatment to remove airway obstruction and improve ventilation.

Analysis of cases of laryngeal airway diseases in infants

Objective:To analyze the clinical data of laryngeal airway diseases in infants and provide reference for the standardized diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Methods:From June 2022 to August 2023, analyze the clinical data of 4 cases of children with laryngeal airway diseases recently admitted to Department of Otolaryngology, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Province, and summarize the experience and lessons of diagnosis and treatment by consulting relevant literature. Results:Three cases had symptoms such as laryngeal wheezing, dyspnea, backward growth and development, etc. After electronic laryngoscopy, the first case was diagnosed with laryngeal softening （severe, type Ⅱ）, and the angular incision was performed. While cases 2, 3 diagnosed with case 2 and 3 were diagnosed with laryngeal cyst and underwent laryngeal cyst resection. All three cases underwent low-temperature plasma surgery under visual laryngoscope, and the symptoms were relieved after operation. Case 4 was laryngeal wheezing and dyspnea after extubation under general anesthesia. The electronic laryngoscopy showeded early stage of globetic stenosis, and endoscopic pseudomembrane clamping was performed, and the postoperative symptoms were relieved. Conclusion:Infants and young children with laryngeal airway diseases should pay attention to the early symptoms and be diagnosed by electronic laryngoscopy as soon as possible. With good curative effect and few complications, low-temperature plasma surgery under visual laryngoscope is recommended. The formation of pseudomembrane under the gluteal caused by tracheal intubation causes rapid onset and rapid development. The pseudomembrane extraction by clamping is convenient and fast, with good curative effect.

Near complete dynamic/ball-valve airway obstruction by a laryngeal cyst.

Near complete dynamic/ball-valve airway obstruction by a laryngeal cyst.

Oncocytic Cystic Lesions of False and True Vocal Cords: An Uncommon Occurrence

Introduction: Oncocytic cysts of the larynx are benign, uncommon, and slow-growing lesions that usually occur in elderly people, especially in those with a history of smoking and chronic irritation. These lesions cause various clinical symptoms depending on their location and size, requiring physicians to consider a wide range of symptoms. Case Presentation: Here we present two men who were referred to us because of prolonged voice hoarseness. Conclusions: Medical assessments led us to the diagnosis of oncocytic cysts in the false and true vocal cords. Both patients were followed up after removing their laryngeal cysts and have had no clinical complaints since then.

Saccular Cyst of the Larynx - A Clinical Case

Saccular cyst of the larynx is a benign supraglottic lesion, filled with mucus. It forms from the laryngeal sac, which is a soft tissue mass that is an extension of the laryngeal ventricle. Due to the extreme rarity, the true prevalence of the disease is unknown, although congenital laryngeal cysts have been reported to affect 1 in 300,000 newborns. The gold standard for diagnosing of saccular laryngeal cysts is laryngoscopy. Treatment of saccular cysts can only be done surgically, using endoscopic or external access. It is believed that endoscopic CO2 laser excision is the treatment of choice.

A Case of Bilateral Multiple Laryngeal Saccular Cysts

A 54-year-old woman presented to us with the chief complaint of hoarseness. Laryngoscopy showed a submucosal mass in each of the ventricular bands on either side. Computed tomography showed a cystic lesion and laryngoscopic resection was planned. Intraoperative findings showed a cystic lesion in the bilateral ventricular bands, both of which were removed. The symptoms improved after the surgery, but 40 months later, the patient visited us again complaining of hoarseness. Laryngoscopy revealed a cystic lesion in the left ventricular band and oral laryngoscopic removal was performed again, and based on the microscopic and pathological findings, a diagnosis of laryngeal saccular cyst was made. A laryngeal saccular cyst is a type of laryngeal cyst that occurs when the opening to the laryngeal cavity is obstructed. We encountered a case of bilateral multiple laryngeal saccular cysts and report the case herein, with a review of the literature. It is important to completely remove such cyst in order to prevent recurrence.

TREATMENT OF CONGENITAL LARYNGEAL CYSTS IN NEWBORNS.

Congenital laryngeal cysts are rare lesions that may occur in newborns, characterized by symptoms of respiratory obstruction and severe dyspnea. The aim of this study was to indicate optimal surgical treatment of congenital laryngeal cysts in newborns. We present a case series of five neonates treated for congenital laryngeal cysts during the 2011-2017 period at our pediatric tertiary care hospital. Patient age ranged from one day to 14 days. All patients had unilateral cysts. After surgical excision, burning of the walls of the cysts was performed by a CO2 laser. In one case, after four months, a recurrent cyst appeared, and re-operation was performed. Our relatively small case series indicates that symptoms such as stridor and labored breathing can occur already during the first days of life and potentially endanger the patient's life. Complete excision of the cyst and burning of its walls with CO2 laser leads to complete cure and prevent recurrence of the lesion.

Clinical Presentation and Surgical Management of Five Pediatric Cases with Bronchogenic Cysts: Retrospective Case Series.

Bronchogenic cysts (BCs) refer to congenital lesions that result from primitive or abnormal foregut budding, and can be pulmonary or mediastinal. Their occurrence can take place at any point on the tracheobronchial tree, but they are usually localized in the lung parenchyma and mediastinum, and may be symptomatic or asymptomatic. Bronchogenic cyst symptoms can vary, depending on the size and location of the cyst. A retrospective review of the charts of five patients with a histopathological diagnosis of bronchogenic cysts was performed between 2014 and 2020. The patients reported in this study were diagnosed and managed at Abha Maternity and Children Hospital, Abha, southwest Saudi Arabia. In addition, demographic information, as well as diagnostic and therapeutic information, was provided for each patient, both at discharge and after discharge. All patients had confirmed congenital bronchogenic cysts with different clinical phenotypes and radiological findings. All patients had histopathologically confirmed bronchogenic cysts with different clinical and radiological presentations. Two patients had mediastinal-located cysts; one had a laryngeal cyst; and the last two patients had infected intrapulmonary bronchogenic cysts. All patients underwent complete excision and did not experience recurrence or other postoperative complications during the follow-up period. The latter two patients required lobectomies of the right middle and upper lobes. Although bronchogenic cysts are considered a rare congenital pulmonary malformation, they should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pediatric patients with unusual airway and parenchymal lung manifestations, particularly, persistent stridor, feeding difficulty, and complicated pneumonia. Surgical excision of the cyst is the gold-standard therapy for symptomatic bronchogenic cysts and is highly recommended for asymptomatic ones. Long-term follow-up studies will be required to explore any long-term complications of BCs, particularly regarding the malignancy transformation.

Endoscopic approach to congenital laryngeal cysts

Vallecular cysts are uncommon entities that present with common upper airway symptoms. A challenging but important diagnosis in young infants, vallecular cysts present with stridor, difficulty feeding or sleep apnea. Awake fiberoptic laryngoscopy is most integral to diagnosis and planning for definitive surgical intervention. Suspension microdirect laryngoscopy with marsupialization offers a straightforward and successful means of treatment for most patients. Marsupialization may be undertaken by various instruments including cold steel, laser, coblation, or monopolar cautery.

발성 시 확대되는 4세 남아의 우측 경정맥류의 증례

Local dilatation of blood vessels can occur in arteries, veins, or lymphatic vessels. Varicose veins that occur in the neck are even rarely reported. For neck mass found in children, when the size of the swellings increases during the Valsalva maneuver, chances are that there are the upper mediastinal tumors and/or cyst, laryngeal cyst or jugular venous ectasis. The child in this report showed a pain-free bulging on the neck that appears only when speaking and disappears when not. The cervical Doppler ultrasonography and computed tomography showed that the right internal jugular vein expanded up to 3×2 cm. There were no abnormalities detected on the palpation and no other specific findings except for bulging. This was a rare case of a child with jugular venous ectasis. We regarded it as a benign lesion and decided to monitor the case 6-months later without a surgical resection as we considered it not necessary.

Aryepiglottic cyst in young adult. A clinical case report

Andrius Račiūnas1 1Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, Ear, Nose & Throat department, London, United Kingdom Abstract Introduction. Laryngeal cysts are benign fluid-filled non-infected sacs that can appear in different anatomical parts of the larynx. They are most commonly found in the supraglottic area. Symptoms include voice changes, foreign body sensation, snoring, obstructive sleep apnea, […]

A Rare Presentation of Congenital Aryepiglottic Cyst With Concurrent Laryngomalacia

Congenital laryngeal cyst remains a rare but possible cause of airway obstruction that requires urgent referral to an otorhinolaryngology centre. Vallecular cyst commonly present immediately after birth with variable degree of airway obstruction symptoms depending on its size, but presentation of aryepiglottic cyst with concurrent laryngomalacia remains a conundrum as there are very few cases reported. Unlike the more obvious manifestation of stridor or increasing respiratory effort in most supraglottic cyst or laryngomalacia, the neonate presented only with weak cry which masqueraded early suspicion and referral of an airway pathology. We provide discussion on the rare clinical presentation aryepiglottic cyst with synchronous laryngomalacia and its management.

DIAGNOSTIC BRONCHOSCOPY FOR EVALUATION OF CONGENITAL STRIDOR:A CASE SERIES

Introduction: Stridor is a noise mechanically produced through partially occluded airway. Airway obstruction may be extrathoracic or intrathoracic. Stridor may be congenital or acquired. Timing in respiratory cycle determines anatomic location of lesion – inspiratory, biphasic, or expiratory. Gold standard for diagnosis is bronchoscopy which requires general anaesthesia in infants and small children. Major anaesthetic concerns are – possible difficult airway, sharing of an already compromised airway, airway oedema. Case Description: 40 infants, 0 - 6 months age, with history of noisy breathing suggestive of congenital stridor, planned for diagnostic rigid bronchoscopy with or without therapeutic procedure, over one year period. Preoperative treatment – humidified oxygen, nebulization, dexamethasone, antibiotics, anti-reflux medication. Not premedicated, standard monitors applied. Induction of anaesthesia with inhalational oxygen and sevoflurane or intravenous propofol, fentanyl 1 mcg/kg, dexamethasone 0.5 mg/kg. Topical lidocaine 2% sprayed at vocal cords. 100% oxygen with propofol infusion for maintenance with spontaneous ventilation via nasopharyngeal airway. Patients requiring surgical intervention intubated using microcuffed endotracheal tube. Patients observed post-operatively. If ventilation was inadequate, intubated to control airway during recovery, extubated on restoration of spontaneous ventilation. After surgical intervention, babies shifted to ICU for elective ventilation for 48 hours. Discussion: On bronchoscopy, laryngomalacia was the finding in majority of cases. Others had subglottic stenosis, tracheomalacia, vocal-cord paresis, laryngeal cyst. Out of 40 patients, 9 underwent therapeutic procedure and were electively ventilated, 26 resumed spontaneous breathing, 2 patients had delayed recovery and 2 had severe chest retractions and desaturations and they were managed accordingly. One baby aged 6 months diagnosed with grade III subglottic stenosis desaturatedand tracheostomy had to be done. Conclusion:Anaesthesia for rigid diagnostic bronchoscopy is a significant challenge. Rigid bronchoscopy under general anaesthesia requires multidisciplinary approach and close cooperation between all team members.

A Case of Spontaneous Cervical Hematoma caused by Parathyroid Adenoma

Spontaneous cervical hematomas could lead to life-threatening complications, and aneurysms, retopharyngeal abscesses, parathyroid adenomas, laryngeal cysts, and neurogenic tumors should be distinguished as possible underlying causes. Symptoms accompanying spontaneous cervical hematoma include cervical swelling, ecchymosis, dysphagia, dyspnea and hoarseness. We recently experienced a case of spontaneous cervical hematoma in a 52-year-old woman, who initially presented with cervical swelling after severe coughing two days ago. Resultingly parathyroid adenoma was finally confirmed after mass excision. Therefore, we present this unique case with a review of the literature.

Congenital laryngeal cyst causing respiratory distress in a neonate: a rare case report

Congenital laryngeal cyst is a rare but responsible of upper airway obstruction which can be potentially life-threatening. The most common symptoms are inspiratory stridor, dyspnea, cyanosis, abnormal voice and difficulty with feeding. It should be differentiated from laryngomalacia. It is diagnosed by flexible fibro-optic laryngoscopy. Surgical options are endoscopic excision, needle aspiration, de-roofing, external laryngo-fissure and lateral pharyngotomy. The best treatment consists in the entire removal of the cyst. This case report described the case of 28 days old neonate with a severe airway distress and stridor caused by a congenital laryngeal cyst which has been managed by de-roofing of the cyst entirely with flexible laryngoscope.