Larger Platform Research Articles

The Current Development Condition and Suggestions of Aerobics in China

Aerobics, which originated in 1968, is a sport that includes gymnastics, dance, music, fitness and entertainment. In recent years, the development of aerobics in China has been a lot of progress than before, but there are still some shortages among it and aerobics is still a long way from being as popular as sports such as basketball. Therefore, the theme of the paper is the current development condition and suggestions of aerobics in China. The research method of the paper is Literature Survey Method, through finding literatures on different websites to acquire data and conclusions. The research found that China did not put much energy on aerobics so that the participants are few and specific and the teaching method is simple. Besides, aerobics does not have the chance to show on big events such as Olympics, which decreases the popularizing method of aerobics. The suggestion is that aerobics lessons should be set on a larger platform and improving the teaching methods.

Deep-time Arctic climate archives: high-resolution coring of Svalbard's sedimentary record – SVALCLIME, a workshop report

Abstract. ​​​​​​​We held the MagellanPlus workshop SVALCLIME “Deep-time Arctic climate archives: high-resolution coring of Svalbard's sedimentary record”, from 18 to 21 October​​​​​​​ 2022 in Longyearbyen, to discuss scientific drilling of the unique high-resolution climate archives of Neoproterozoic to Paleogene age present in the sedimentary record of Svalbard. Svalbard is globally unique in that it facilitates scientific coring across multiple stratigraphic intervals within a relatively small area. The polar location of Svalbard for some of the Mesozoic and the entire Cenozoic makes sites in Svalbard highly complementary to the more easily accessible mid-latitude sites, allowing for investigation of the polar amplification effect over geological time. The workshop focused on how understanding the geological history of Svalbard can improve our ability to predict future environmental changes, especially at higher latitudes. This topic is highly relevant for the ICDP 2020–2030 Science Plan Theme 4 “Environmental Change” and Theme 1 “Geodynamic Processes”. We concluded that systematic coring of selected Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Paleogene age sediments in the Arctic should provide important new constraints on deep-time climate change events and the evolution of Earth's hydrosphere–atmosphere–biosphere system. We developed a scientific plan to address three main objectives through scientific onshore drilling on Svalbard: a. Investigate the coevolution of life and repeated icehouse–greenhouse climate transitions, likely forced by orbital variations, by coring Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic glacial and interglacial intervals in the Cryogenian (“Snowball/Slushball Earth”) and late Carboniferous to early Permian time periods.b. Assess the impact of Mesozoic Large Igneous Province emplacement on rapid climate change and mass extinctions, including the end-Permian mass extinction, the end-Triassic mass extinction, the Jenkyns Event (Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event), the Jurassic Volgian Carbon Isotopic Excursion and the Cretaceous Weissert Event and Oceanic Anoxic Event 1a.c. Examine the early Eocene hothouse and subsequent transition to a coolhouse world in the Oligocene by coring Paleogene sediments, including records of the Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum, the Eocene Thermal Maximum 2, and the Eocene–Oligocene transition. The SVALCLIME science team created plans for a 3-year drilling programme using two platforms: (1) a lightweight coring system for holes of ∼ 100 m length (4–6 sites) and (2) a larger platform that can drill deep holes of up to ∼ 2 km (1–2 sites). In situ wireline log data and fluid samples will be collected in the holes, and core description and sampling will take place at The University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS) in Longyearbyen. The results from the proposed scientific drilling will be integrated with existing industry and scientific boreholes to establish an almost continuous succession of geological environmental data spanning the Phanerozoic. The results will significantly advance our understanding of how the interplay of internal and external Earth processes are linked with global climate change dynamics, the evolution of life, and mass extinctions.

Asymmetric Information of Product Authenticity on C2C E-Commerce Platforms: How Can Inspection Services Help?

Problem definition: We consider a customer-to-customer (C2C) platform that provides an inspection service. Uncertain about product authenticity, a seller sells a product through the platform. Before purchasing, a buyer obtains a signal of the product authenticity from the product’s price set by the seller. The platform’s inspection service can detect a counterfeit with a probability. If the product passes the inspection, the platform sends it to the buyer and charges the seller a commission fee. Otherwise, the platform returns it to the seller and charges the seller a penalty fee. Methodology/results: We develop a two-stage game-theoretical model. In the first stage, the platform designs a contract specifying the commission and penalty fees. In the second stage, the seller signals the product authenticity by setting a price and the buyer decides whether to purchase it. This results in a contract design problem that governs a signaling game. We find that the effect of inspection is beyond merely detecting counterfeits. The inspection, even an imperfect one, changes the signaling game’s structure and incentivizes the seller whose product is likely authentic to sell through the platform. This can only be achieved by carefully choosing the commission and penalty fees. Moreover, a larger platform’s expected profit does not imply a larger commission fee or price in equilibrium. Under some mild conditions, the optimal commission increases but the optimal penalty decreases as the platform’s inspection capability improves. Managerial implications: The inspection service is not widely available among leading C2C platforms as it is considered imperfect and costly. Our study suggests that its benefit may be underestimated in practice. Moreover, the inspection can eliminate the seller’s information rent and generate more revenue for the platform. This paper provides guidance on how to set commission and penalty fees when the inspection service is provided. Funding: L. Li is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72071198] and the Hong Kong Polytechnic University Distinguished Postdoctoral Fellowship Scheme [Grant 1-YWC7]. X. Fang and Y. F. Lim are grateful for the support from the Lee Kong Chian School of Business, Singapore Management University [Maritime and Port Authority Research Fellowship and Retail Centre of Excellence Research Grant]. Y. F. Lim is supported by the Association of South-East Asian Nations Business Research Initiative Grant [Grant G17C20421], the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong [Grants 15501920 and 15501221], and the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 71931009]. Supplemental Material: The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2023.1186 .

Optimization of a Lightweight Floating Offshore Wind Turbine with Water Ballast Motion Mitigation Technology

Floating offshore wind turbines are a promising technology for addressing energy needs by utilizing wind resources offshore. The current state of the art is based on heavy, expensive platforms to survive the ocean environment. Typical design techniques do not involve optimization because of the computationally expensive time domain solvers used to model motions and loads in the ocean environment. However, this design uses an efficient frequency domain solver with a genetic algorithm to rapidly optimize the design of a novel floating wind turbine concept. The concept utilizes a liquid ballast mass to mitigate motions on a lightweight post-tensioned concrete platform. The simple cruciform-shaped design of the platform made of post-tensioned concrete is less expensive than steel, reducing the raw material and manufacturing cost. The use of ballast water to behave as a tuned mass damper allows a smaller platform to achieve the same motions as a much larger platform, thus reducing the mass and cost. The optimization techniques applied with these design innovations resulted in a design with a levelized cost of energy of USD 0.0753/kWh, roughly half the cost of the current state of the art.

627. CURE ID as a Tool for Curating and Analyzing Drugs Used in COVID-19 Clinical Trials

BackgroundCURE ID is an internet-based data repository (https://cure.ncats.io/explore) developed collaboratively by FDA and NCATS/NIH. It is designed to capture real-world clinical outcome data to advance drug repurposing and to inform future clinical trials for infectious diseases with high unmet medical need. It also serves as a repository of clinical trials automatically pulled from https://www.clinicaltrials.gov into the CURE ID platform, where they were then manually curated, with the intention of keeping the infectious diseases community updated on the various clinical trials underway. The current study is a descriptive analysis of various therapeutics in clinical trials against COVID-19 on the CURE ID platform. MethodsUsing clinicaltrials.gov we selected those trials addressing therapeutics for COVID-19 and reviewed the drugs used, the current status of the trials, and the phases of development.ResultsAs of May 2021, we identified 2,154 clinical trials and 933 drugs from clinicaltrials.gov that met the inclusion criteria. Hydroxychloroquine (n=251) was the most commonly investigated agent, followed by convalescent plasma (n=147), azithromycin (n=98), ivermectin (n=68), mesenchymal Stem Cells (n=63), tocilizumab (n=58), remdesivir (n=53) and favipiravir (n=51). At the time of our analysis, the majority (45%) of the clinical trials were in the recruiting phase, 12% were in the active phase, and 13% of the studies were completed. The majority (31%) of trials were in phase two, followed by phase three (21%) and phase one (10%). The vast majority of the agents were repurposed (92%), while only 8% of the agents were new molecular entities. Remdesivir was the only drug approved for marketing for treatment of certain patients with COVID-19 at the time of our analysis.ConclusionSeveral repurposed and novel drugs are being investigated to treat COVID-19 in clinical trials. CURE ID provides a broad view of the various drugs being researched and serves to keep the scientific community informed. Such a platform may help prevent duplication of efforts and help the scientific community with more coordinated research efforts and larger platform trials that can robustly answer scientific questions during a pandemic.Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

Co-culture methods to study neuronal function and disease.

Co-culture methods to study neuronal function and disease.

Centralized visual based navigation and control of a swarm of satellites for on-orbit servicing

In the framework of on-orbit proximity operations, small satellites represent an appealing solution in terms of costs, effectiveness and realization, but show intrinsic power, mass and computation limitations that could be overcome if cooperation among many spacecraft is considered. In this research, a swarm of small satellites (called “Children S/C″), deployed from a larger platform (called “Mother S/C″), is employed in the inspection of a damaged spacecraft, which cannot be directly approached by the Mother S/C for safety reasons. The navigation process is delegated to the Mother S/C, that is equipped with a passive camera. A navigation algorithm runs on the Mother S/C, which identifies and tracks the Children S/C framed in the scene, even though false matches (i.e., incorrect tracking of a given child) could happen. The navigation algorithm is made robust through the generation at each time step of a propagated virtual image (based on the previous estimate of the swarm state) which is compared to the acquired image for the correct identification of each child. When the relative position estimates reach a satisfactory accuracy, the Mother S/C communicates to the Children S/C their current state and an optimal impulsive control strategy can be implemented to make the swarm fulfill the required inspection task. Simulations are carried out in a purposely developed software environment, in which images of rendered CAD models are acquired and processed to have a realistic validation of the estimation algorithm, showing satisfactory performance and robustness for the overall mission accomplishment.

The Unwanted Gaze? Feminism and the Reception of the Amazons in Wonder Woman

The ancient Amazons, the equals of men, were among the fiercest opponents faced by the ancient Greek heroes Achilles, Heracles, and Theseus. But were they heroes themselves? As the objects of Greek male anxiety, the Amazons were understood to be a threat to Greek civilization, in part due to their refusal to be subjected to the chief institution of patriarchy: marriage. In the Progressive era of the early 20th century, authors repurposed the myths in order to unlock their feminist potential. William Moulton Marston, the inventor of Wonder Woman, used the Amazons in his comics to illustrate his theories of female superiority. Women were more loving than men, Marston argued, and would ultimately therefore make better rulers. While Marston’s feminism was sometimes questioned due to his portrayal of themes of bondage and domination in the Wonder Woman comics, it must be viewed within his larger platform. Marston brought a feminist message to the masses through his deployment of the Amazons to illustrate the potential of women ruling the world through loving dominance. Marston’s star Amazon, Wonder Woman, became the symbol that motivated the Women’s Liberation Movement of the 1960s and 1970s, a vehicle for later authors such as Perez to bring forward third wave feminist messaging to the masses, and, ultimately, became the heroic protagonist of the 2017 film, Wonder Woman. While her revealing costume has been controversial over the years, and Wonder Woman has been subjected to the male gaze, the film, like the comics before them, utilized a female perspective to question the stranglehold that patriarchy has held over the population.

The Chincha lines

Recent research reveals a set of linear geoglyphs and structures in the Carmen Pampa in the upper Chincha valley of southern Peru. These geoglyphs are similar to others on the south coast in valleys such as Nasca and Palpa. We refer to these as the “Chincha lines,” a complex of linear geoglyphs, small mounded structures, and larger platform mounds. This complex is securely dated to Paracas ca. 400–200 BCE, with a possible use of one set up of lines dating up to AD 100. In this article we describe in detail the Chincha line complex and place it within a larger regional context.

PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM PENYEMPROTAN PADA PLATFORM PESAWAT TANPA AWAK BERBASIS QUADCOPTER UNTUK MEMBANTU PETANI MENGURANGI BIAYA PERTANIAN DALAM MENDORONG KONSEP PERTANIAN PINTAR (SMART FARMING)

This study aims to develop the technology of unmanned aircraft for agricultural purposes in realizing the food security of Indonesia. One of the main problems of agriculture in Indonesia is the high cost of agriculture especially the use of chemicals, fertilizer to labor. During this time farmers spend resources such as fertilizer to all plants without the required portion. So it should be attempted an engineering that can reduce the cost of agriculture in terms of labor usage for fertilizing activities and spraying of pests are relatively expensive. The method that will be used for the problem is to make a prototype of pest spraying system by using liquid media on platform unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) with quadcopter base. Stages in this research include: desk assessment, making of design requirement objective, conceptual making and basic design and making real prototype UAV. The performance of the spraying results is done flight stability test and pest spraying performance. The test results show that the prototype UAV platform using 0.5 litres liquid media, capable of spraying an area of 2 m2 with a flying time of 10 minutes with a height of 70 cm from the ground. The results of this test will be developed further to be made a larger platform dimensions and capability of transport.

Will Having More Nurse Practitioners in Elected Office Facilitate Our Agenda?

Will Having More Nurse Practitioners in Elected Office Facilitate Our Agenda?

Advocacy Campaign for the Rights of People with Disabilities: A Participatory Action Research within a Community-based Rehabilitation Project in Vangani, Maharashtra

Purpose : This paper aimed to demonstrate how participatory action research (PAR) within a Community-based Rehabilitation (CBR) project facilitated community participation to advocate for the rights of people with visual impairment. An advocacy campaign, led by the local people with and without disabilities, was launched for the construction of an accessible foot over- bridge (FOB) at Vangani railway station in Maharashtra, India. Methods : The PAR approach was used to explore the issues faced by the local people with visual impairment. It ensured maximum community consultation, engagement and, consequently, meaningful outcomes for the community. Advocacy tools such as video documentary, online petition, media advocacy, and signature campaign were employed to publicise the issue on a larger platform. Sources for this paper included quantitative data from the survey of Vangani community and documents such as CBR project reports, media coverage articles, minutes of the meeting and correspondence with the Central Railways during the advocacy campaign that was conducted from 2012 - 2015. Results : After 12 months of consistent advocacy, the Ministry of Railways sanctioned INR 15 million for the construction of the foot over-bridge. The construction work on the foot overbridge was completed in December 2016 and now it is open for public use.. Conclusion and Implications : This study illustrates how PAR within a CBR project successfully used an advocacy campaign as a tool for community participation, action and change. Although geographically limited to rural pockets of Maharashtra state, the learning experiences brought out some of the elements crucial for the success of an advocacy intervention within CBR programmes for the rights of people with disability in India.

Asset Location, Timing Ability, and the Cross-Section of Commercial Real Estate Returns

This study examines the sensitivity of equity REIT returns to the time-varying MSA allocations of REIT underlying property portfolios. Using a large sample of individual commercial property holdings, we find significant cross-sectional and time variation in REIT geographic exposures and the ability of these exposures to explain the cross-section of REIT returns. Importantly, the pattern of MSA exposure effects changes quickly as local market information is incorporated into property values both across MSAs and over time. We further find that REIT managers are able, on average, to both identify MSAs that will outperform in the following year and overcome the costs and delays associated with increasing allocations to these MSAs. The ability to time entry into high performing markets is concentrated in well diversified REITs and those with large market capitalizations and high employee counts. Firms with a larger platform and experience owning and operating properties in multiple markets are better positioned to quickly act on investment opportunities they identify in major MSAs.

Paradoxical sleep deprivation in rats causes a selective reduction in the expression of type-2 metabotropic glutamate receptors in the hippocampus

Paradoxical sleep deprivation in rats is considered as an experimental animal model of mania endowed with face, construct, and pharmacological validity. We induced paradoxical sleep deprivation by placing rats onto a small platform surrounded by water. This procedure caused the animal to fall in the water at the onset of REM phase of sleep. Control rats were either placed onto a larger platform (which allowed them to sleep) or maintained in their home cage. Sleep deprived rats showed a substantial reduction in type-2 metabotropic glutamate (mGlu2) receptors mRNA and protein levels in the hippocampus, but not in the prefrontal cortex or corpus striatum, as compared to both groups of control rats. No changes in the expression of mGlu3 receptor mRNA levels or mGlu1α and mGlu5 receptor protein levels were found with exception of an increase in mGlu1α receptor levels in the striatum of SD rats. Moving from these findings we treated SD and control rats with the selective mGlu2 receptor enhancer, BINA (30mg/kg, i.p.). SD rats were also treated with sodium valproate (300mg/kg, i.p.) as an active comparator. Both BINA and sodium valproate were effective in reversing the manic-like phenotype evaluated in an open field arena in SD rats. BINA treatment had no effect on motor activity in control rats, suggesting that our findings were not biased by a non-specific motor-lowering activity of BINA. These findings suggest that changes in the expression of mGlu2 receptors may be associated with the enhanced motor activity observed with mania.

Second Independence, National History and Myth-Making Heroes in the Peruvian Nationalizing State: The Government of Juan Velasco Alvarado, 1968-1975

This article examines the rhetoric and visual discourse of the first phase of the military regime in Peru (1968-1975), explaining the remaking of national history as a pivotal component of a larger cultural project. Contrasting previous processes of nation and state making, Juan Velasco Alvarado and his officers depicted the preceding nation as a failure, one which could be overcome through a so-called authentic revolution. In claiming the making of this revolution, they recast Peruvian history as an ongoing process towards independence, starting from early anti-colonial struggles, transiting through an incomplete declaration of political independence, and moving towards the ultimate moment of economic emancipation signaled by the rise of the military (1968). The crafting of national heroism and heroes was central to this reconfiguration of Peruvian history. While significant attention has been paid to the role of Túpac Amaru II in the military regime’s discourse, this article explains how this figure was inserted within a larger platform of significant characters that represented the same nationalizing values allegedly embodied by Velasco’s political project. In delivering this message, the regime relied on both a well-designed propaganda machine and softer devices for the spread of nationalism.

Student-led fellowships: developing partnerships to identify best practice and promote change

In 2011/2012 Cardiff Metropolitan University instigated a Student-Led Teaching Fellowship Scheme, which unlike other similar schemes sought to develop joint ownership between the University’s Learning and Teaching Development Unit (LTDU) and the Students’ Union (Cardiffmet SU), providing the opportunity for closer partnership working. Through establishing categories and criteria and developing an evidence-based nomination system the Fellowships have provided the opportunity to develop a shared understanding of both institutional drivers and pedagogic practice and have enabled a larger platform for the dissemination of best practice to both staff and students. In capturing the student voice it has been possible to recognise and evidence what students value and use this in a variety of ways to promote best practice. This case study seeks to demonstrate how the Student-led Teaching Fellowships have and can be used to instigate change within the institution together with identifying remaining challenges and opportunities for future development.

Numerical Simulation of Plastic Deformation Process of the Glass Mold Parts

In our present days numerical simulation became an important tool of engineering. Numerical simulation methods allow quantitative examination of the complex processes and phenomena in the general area of physics and also provide an insight in their dynamic evolution and even can become important tools for the discovery of new phenomena. In essence, the numerical simulation transfer important aspect of physical reality in discrete forms of mathematical description recreates and solves the problems on computer and finally, highlights issues that the analyst required. This modern numerical method approach, attacks the original problems in all their details on a much larger platform with a much smaller number of assumptions and approximations, in comparison to traditional methods. Transposition of the physics problems in the virtual space, governed by the force of computers, numerical simulation - as scientific approach - is becoming increasingly interesting for many fields of research. Basically, by means of numerical simulation are addressed fields such as mechanics deformable solids, fluid mechanics, aerodynamics, biomechanics, astrophysics. Numerical simulations follow a similar procedure to all the scientific approach, which consists in going through several stages, as follows: the phenomenon, the physical model, mathematical model, discrete model, and coding, numerical solution. In the plastic deformation of metals are involved, besides the mechanical properties and some thermal properties because even if the process is applied in the initial state to a cold material, along the process changes occur because of friction between materials and tools and transformation of plastic mechanical work into heat. Basic mechanical properties of the materials are underline through characteristic diagrams of materials obtained in simple tests of traction and compression. These tests were carried out in the Polytechnic University of Bucharest, Romanian Research & Development Institute for Gas Turbines COMOTI, Institute for Calculating and Testing Aero-Astronautic Structures STRAERO, SC UPS PILOT ARM Ltd, and Asachi Technical University of Iasi. To achieve the major objectives of the numerical simulation of the technological process of cold plastic deformation, are incorporated into the physical model three types of surfaces: cylindrical, conical and profiled. The sizes of the initial geometry were established in accordance with the basic dimensions of processed products by this method. For delimiting surfaces to be machined, the addition of grip (the tail) has a reduced diameter. Geometric models provide strength and rigidity needed for safely and accurately processing technology of cold plastic deformation. Geometric models and specimens which had been subjected to tensile tests, compression and hardness were made in the Glass Factory, Chisinau, Moldova.

Data Citation Index: Promoting attribution, use and discovery of research data

The Data Citation Index forms part of the Thomson Reuters Web of Science research platform. Thomson Reuters makes partnerships with data repositories to create indexed data object metadata records integrated within the larger platform. The core featu

Evaluation of Ovulation Inhibition Properties of a Phytoestrogen Isolated from Momordica charantia Linn. Seeds

Background and objectives: Momordica charantia Linn. has been used as a dietary / medicinal supplement for health care. The plant has a long history in worldwide people for the usage of vaginal discharge, to promote menstruation and to induce abortions. However, the mechanism of action for its ovulation inhibition effects is not clearly known. Therefore, the present study was carried out to evaluate the ovulation inhibition properties of phytoestrogenic molecule isolated from M. charantia seeds in albino rats as an experimental model. Methods: Ovulation inhibition properties of fractions of ethanol extract and phenolphthalein a phytoestrogenic molecule isolated from seeds of Momordica charantia Linn. were evaluated in fertile female albino rats. In the first batch of animals having groups I, II, III, IV were treated with 15 and 25mg/100g oral doses of Fraction I and Fraction II and group V served as control. In the second batch of animals having groups I, II, III was treated with 10, 15 & 20mg/100g isolated phenolphthalein and group IV served as control. Results: At autopsy on day 31st, decrease in ovarian weight and histological studies shows highly significant decrease in number of developing follicles, Graafian follicles, corpora lutea and significant increased in number of atreatic follicles is observed in Fraction I and phenolphthalein treatment. There are no appreciable changes are observed in the above parameters when both the doses of Fraction II administration. Interpretation and Conclusions: The study results suggested that M. charantia seed fractions and phenolphthalein possess ovulation inhibition properties in experimental animals. Interestingly, in recent years, the popularity of different kinds of pharmaceutical preparations containing phytoestrogens has constantly increasing. Therefore, studies of the influence of the above mentioned plant components on female reproduction have become more and more important. This leads to discovery of newer phytoconstituents with better activities and provide source of new biomolecules for biologists to work on. The studies explore the utilization of medicinal plants for effective management of contraception. It gives a larger platform for the medicinal plant growers by providing scientific support and data to the traditional invalidated herbal drugs. Taking account of all these facts, the present study was undertaken in albino rats.

Editorial for Earth, Moon, and Planets

Dear Colleagues, It is my pleasure to introduce myself as the incoming Editor-in-Chief of Earth, Moon, and Planets. I will be sharing this responsibility with continuing Editor-in-Chief Giovanni Valsecchi. I also thank Mark Bailey for his support/contributions to this journal. First, a few words about myself. I am a principal scientist at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory of the California Institute of Technology. Presently my research is focused around the evolution of ices in the Universe. In my laboratory at JPL, we conduct laboratory simulations on ice-analogs to understand their physical and chemical properties, their spectroscopic properties from vacuum ultraviolet to far-infrared, and apply these data to interpret/guide astrophysical observations. I was born in a remote village in southern India, climbed the trees, and watched the stars and snakes during my early years in these villages. I went to college in Vijayawada, got a Master’s at the University of Hyderabad, a Ph.D. at the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, and Habilitation at the University of Cologne, Germany. I was a post-doctoral fellow at UT Austin, visiting scientist at Fritz-Haber-Institute, Freie Universitaet Berlin, NASA Ames Research Center, and SRI International. I’m also on the faculty of the University of Maryland, at College Park. As my work at JPL and elsewhere can attest, we are living in an era of expanding space sciences—similar to what physics enjoyed towards the beginning of last century. Very successful missions to Mars and the outer planets in the past decade or two (Galileo and Cassini) shifted the space sciences paradigm from remote sensing to in situ robotic explorations. Even after 5 years of a successful mission, rovers Spirit and Opportunity are still speeding around on Mars. The science of the Moon is on the rise again, with a big paradigm shift here, too—international cooperation is the mantra—not competition as it used to be. This is another opportunity for the international science community to come together to achieve a goal that is far higher than the sum. At this point, it is needless to say that the international community of planetary scientists needs a larger platform and an option to choose to publish their science. Most of us