Large Urban City Research Articles

Parental Expectation, Attitudes, and Home Numeracy Environment in Korea and in the U.S.: Potential Sources of Asian Math Advantages

This present study examined relations among parental math attitudes, expectations, and practice, and preschool children’s math achievement (i.e., parental math practice as a mediator) that may differ between Korean and U.S. samples. We examined measurement invariance to minimize the bias and inaccurate estimates in scores in two samples, which is a common barrier in cross-cultural studies. The Korean sample comprised 232 children (mean age = 54.58 months) and their parents from large urban cities and two other provinces. The U.S. sample included 146 preschool children (mean age = 52.49 months) and their parents in an urban area. We utilized measurement invariance to investigate whether the parental math practice has the same meaning across the two samples, along with mediation group comparisons. U.S. parents tended to have more positive math attitudes and higher expectations, while Korean parents were likely to be more involved in math practice with children at home. Korean children scored significantly higher on math achievement than the U.S. children. Among the Korean sample, higher parental math expectations were associated with higher levels of parental math practice, which was, in turn, associated with higher levels of child math outcomes after controlling for child age and SES. On the contrary, parental math expectations were unrelated to their math practice or child math outcomes in the U.S. sample. Parent math attitudes were not associated with any variables in both samples. These findings explain Asian math advantages that emerge early and offer insights into cultural processes (i.e., the importance of parental math practice) that may play a different role in children’s math outcomes.

Returning to Motherhood: Post-Incarceration Reintegration and Mothering for Justice-Involved Black Women

Feminist criminologists have centralized gender’s importance in studying justice-involved women’s lives, but understanding how socio-cultural expectations and racialized constructions of motherhood affect post-incarceration reintegration is lacking. Extant research overlooks the consequences of incarceration for poor, Black mothers. To rectify this gap, this paper uses qualitative data collected from semi-structured interviews and participant observation with 12 formerly incarcerated Black mothers residing in a large urban city in the midwestern United States. This article fills this gap by using an intersectional framework to illuminate the conflicts between their lived experience as women with criminalized social identities and the societal expectations placed upon them as women and mothers. Findings reveal that post-incarceration reintegration reintroduces stressors associated with mothering while also magnifying the effects of criminalization, punishment, and resource constraints for justice-involved women and mothers.

Assessment of urbanization impacts in Tegucigalpa urban greenness via normalized difference vegetation index

Urban vegetation is essential to develop sustainable, habitable, and healthy cities. Urbanization in large cities may be detrimental to urban vegetation when urban planning is scarce. Tegucigalpa, Honduras's capital city, had an atypical 8-year period of intensive urbanization, which may have modified urban vegetation. Excessive tree removal and reduced urban greenness reports became abundant in local media. This paper aimed to determine if urbanization indeed modified Tegucigalpa's urban greenness to a detrimental level. A Landsat-8 imagery survey was conducted to assess Tegucigalpa's urban vegetation dynamics via the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) for the 2013–2021 dry and rainy seasons. The results revealed a stable trend for the dry seasons NDVI remaining in constant proximity to 0.11 while increasing steadily to around 0.17 during the rainy seasons due to precipitation watering vegetation. Negligible fluctuations (<0.1) occurred throughout the study period, suggesting urbanization most likely did not shrink urban vegetation to the extreme extent stated by Honduran media. The NDVI provided a scientific basis for assessing Tegucigalpa's vegetation changes, preventing potential environmental conflicts. Although most researchers have reported that urbanization decreases NDVI in large cities, others found that urbanization does not always produce vegetation degradation and suggested that climatic variables are significant factors determining vegetation growth. Nevertheless, the steadily low NDVI in Tegucigalpa suggests the absence of sustainable urban planning to increase urban vegetation. Urban trees are central to sustainable urban planning; therefore, afforestation policies should be considered by Tegucigalpa's government and policymakers.

Student Attendance Patterns as Actionable Early Warning Indicators of High School Graduation Outcomes: Findings from an Urban Alternative Charter School

Background: Students who fail to complete high school, on average, have less earnings, pay fewer taxes, and require increased government expenditures compared to those who do reach this milestone. Especially in urban jurisdictions, this can lead to reduced municipal fiscal health. Alternative high schools have been one intervention employed to improve the outcomes of students who have previously dropped out. Also, in recent decades, early warning indicator (EWI) systems have been put in place to flag students who are at risk for not completing school. However, the current EWI metrics for student attendance are insufficient for the population that attends alternative high schools. Methods: Administrative data were obtained from an alternative charter high school in a large urban city in the northeast United States (n = 224). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to test the utility of traditional EWI operationalizations of student attendance against more targeted measures, with student graduation serving as a dichotomous outcome variable. Results: Of the models tested, the model that flagged student non-attendance as missing consecutive days three or more times during the first 12 weeks of school had the greatest explanatory power (McFadden’s R2 = 0.301) and best overall model fit. Conclusions: Traditional definitions of attendance are less useful in schools doing re-engagement work, and more targeted indicators serve as more effective EWIs in these settings.

Drugs, crime, and racial disparities in the homeless population gathered from a sample of police reports: Evidence from Brazil

Brazil is one of the most unequal democracies in the world. Although the number of homeless individuals in our country has increased due to the reproduction of people living in extreme poverty, little has been discussed about their welfare and rights. In the present study, we provide analysis with a theoretical-methodological approach directed at homeless people living in the wealthy neoliberal middle-sized southeast city of São Paulo, Brazil’s richest state. Data was acquired from police reports with prior permission from the Civil Police of São Paulo and the São Paulo Interior Judiciary Police Department. Our results illustrate that the homelessness phenomenon in Franca appears to be comparable to that of other large urban cities, where Blacks, a minority of the population, make up the bulk of homeless individuals. It also denies that homeless activity increases criminality, emphasizes the difference between Blacks and Whites drug users’ criminal behavior, with Whites being more active in theft and robbery and Blacks in trafficking, and extends the idea that drug use by homeless people is stress-related and hence an indicator of a health condition.

Transform[ing] heart failure professionals with Indigenous land-based cultural safety in Ontario, Canada.

Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death worldwide, with disproportionate impacts on Indigenous Peoples in Canada. In Spring 2022, a land-based learning program was piloted and evaluated as an Indigenous cultural safety training for professionals at a cardiac care centre and university in a large urban city. Baseline and endline surveys showed an increase in knowledge of Indigenous histories, cultures, and practices; increased reflection on positionality and intention to create change; and strengthened relationships with the land. Future work should explore the long-term effects of land-based cultural safety training on participant behaviours, and health outcomes for Indigenous Peoples.

A Case Study for Teaching Urban Politics: Examining Residential Racial Segregation through Historic Significance of Black Neighborhood

Moving students out of the classroom and into the community provides promising outcomes for teaching residential racial segregation and understanding of historical context of preservation. This class provides an exploratory case study of students in political science and art studio who worked in teams to develop digital stories for an historically black neighborhood in a large urban city. Through examination of archival data, conducting interviews, and experiencing places within the neighborhood, students gained insight into the politics that work to promote some history over others. Students became more aware of the importance of neighborhoods and gained an understanding of the importance of history to the lives of people living in particular communities. Students learned to work as a team, to overcome challenges of working in a community, and gained an understanding of political processes that work to hide or bury significant history of marginalized groups and neighborhoods.

The impact of socio-environmental factors on doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis awareness in the US: a cross-sectional study

Background We investigated awareness and use of doxycycline post-exposure prophylaxis (doxyPEP) in the US. DoxyPEP has preventative benefits for bacterial STIs among people assigned male at birth. We considered how individual, interpersonal and social determinants of health, such as state-level LGBTQ equality, impact doxyPEP awareness. Methods We conducted an online snapshot cross-sectional survey in June 2023. Survey questions included demographics, sexual and substance use behaviours, and socio-environmental factors, and provided a short explanation of doxyPEP, with questions regarding prior awareness and use. Results Among a racially diverse sample of 196 participants (median age 33 years), 94% identified as cisgender men, 26% were aware of doxyPEP, whereas only 14 (7%) had ever used it. Factors significantly associated with awareness included being college educated (OR 2.50, 95% CI 1.09–5.74), a past year bacterial STI (OR 4.20, 95% CI 1.97–8.89), having discussed HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis with a health care provider (OR 3.88, 95% CI 1.99–7.57) and having taken HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (OR 2.29, 95% CI 1.11–4.70). Socio-environmental factors associated with doxyPEP awareness included living in a large urban city (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.12–4.10) and living in a state with higher levels of LGBTQ policy equality (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.07–4.44). Conclusions Considering the disproportionate impact of bacterial STIs on men who have sex with men, especially those living in lower LGBTQ equality regions, such as the Southern US, our study emphasises how socio-environmental factors may limit awareness and uptake of novel biomedical approaches that have the potential to prevent morbidity and enhance sexual health.

The relationship between patient-specific factors and functional progression of COVID-19 survivors admitted to an inpatient rehabilitation facility.

Survivors of hospitalization for severe acute COVID-19 infection faced significant functional impairments necessitating discharge to inpatient rehabilitation facilities (IRFs) for intensive rehabilitation prior to discharge home. There remains a lack of large cohort studies of the functional outcomes of patients admitted to IRFs with COVID-19-related impairments and the relationship to patient-specific factors. To characterize functional outcomes of patients admitted to IRFs for COVID-19-related debility and to investigate associations between functional outcomes and patient-specific factors. Multisite retrospective cohort study. Multiple IRFs in a large urban city. Adult patients admitted to IRFs for rehabilitation after hospitalization for acute COVID-19 infection. Not applicable. Primary outcomes included change in GG Self-Care and Mobility Activities subscales and Functional Independence Measure scores from admission to discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Linear regression analysis was used to relate functional changes to demographic, medical, and hospitalization-specific factors. Secondary outcomes included discharge destination from the IRF. The analysis included n = 362 patients admitted to IRFs for COVID-19-related rehabilitation needs. This cohort showed significant improvements in mobility, self-care, and cognition congregate scores (216.0%, 174.3%, 117.6% respectively). Patient-specific factors associated with functional improvement, included age, body mass index, premorbid employment status, history of diabetes and cardiac disease and medications received in acute care, and muscle strength upon admission to IRF. Patients admitted to inpatient rehabilitation for COVID-19-related functional deficits made significant functional improvements in mobility, self-care, and cognition. Many significant associations were found between patient-specific factors and functional improvement, which support further investigation of these factors as possible predictors of functional improvement in an IRF for COVID-19-related deficits.

The Effect of Food Environment on Pregnancy Outcomes [ID 2683379

INTRODUCTION: In large urban cities, fast food restaurants and convenient stores dominate the food sector leaving limited access to quality healthy foods. Food insecurity is a modifiable risk factor of social drivers of health. We hypothesize that low-access food environment is associated with gestational diabetes, preterm deliveries, hypertensive disorders, and other comorbidities. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed to determine the effects of food environment on pregnancy outcome using geographic data from 3,898 patients who delivered after 20 weeks of gestation in a large inner-city hospital between 2014 and 2019. The USDA Food Access Research Atlas was used to extrapolate census tract data from neighborhoods that have been previously identified as low-access areas. Demographics were obtained by chart abstraction. Chi-squared tests were used for analysis. RESULTS: Of the 3,684 patients, 1,377 (37.4%) of the population lived in low-access food environments. There is a higher rate of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission in low-access food environments compared to high access (8.6% versus 7.5%; P&lt;.001). Contrarily, there is a lower rate of gestational diabetes mellitus (11.3% versus 13.6%; P=.0381) and preterm delivery (13.2% versus 16.7%; P=.0043) in women living in low-access food environments. There was no significant difference between hypertensive disorders (P=.0874) and fetal growth restriction (P=.8465). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that low-access food environment is associated with statistically significant higher rates of NICU admission. Unlike other risk factors, food environment is a modifiable risk factor, and as women's health providers, it is important to address all social drivers of health, including food insecurity.

Lessons from a Va Relational Approach: Embedding Indigenous Constructs for Classroom Practice

There is increasing concern raised for youth not in education and employment or training (NEET). Subsequently there is an increased demand for both education and health services that support the development of positive youths’ identities, socioemotional and cognitive developmental needs, through youth mentoring strategies (Rhodes & DuBois, Current Directions in Psychological Science 17(4):254–258, 2008). Youth mentoring programmes are largely underpinned by Eurocentric approaches lacking consideration of diverse cultural needs of multi-ethnic under-served youth (Larson & Ngo, Journal of Adolescent Research 32:3–10, 2017). This article draws on data from a participant observational study highlighting how youth mentoring practice underpinned by a range of key Indigenous psychological constructs can be nurtured to improve classroom practice for kaiako (teacher, instructor). The context of investigation is focused on a youth mentoring programme in a tertiary learning environment at a large urban city of Aotearoa New Zealand that explored culturally responsive, sustaining and safe youth mentoring practice for Māori and Pacific/Pasifika rangatahi excluded from mainstream compulsory education.

Nurse-Led Care Coordination in a Transitional Clinic for Uninsured Patients With Diabetes.

The purpose of this article is to inform the reader of the practice of the registered nurse care coordinator (RNCC) within an interprofessional, nurse-led clinic serving uninsured diabetic patients in a large urban city. This clinic serves as a transitional care clinic, providing integrated diabetes management and assisting patients to establish with other primary care doctors in the community once appropriate. The clinic uses an interprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP) model with the RNCC at the center of patient onboarding, integrated responsive care, and clinic transitioning. Interprofessional, nurse-led clinic for uninsured patients with diabetes. Interprofessional models of care are strengthened using a specialized care coordinator. Care coordination is a key component in case management of a population with chronic disease. The RNCC, having specialized clinical expertise, is an essential member of the interdisciplinary team, contributing a wide range of resources to assist patients in achieving successful outcomes managing diabetes. Transitional care coordination, moving from unmanaged to managed diabetes care, is part of a bundled health care process fundamental to this clinic's IPCP model. In a transitional clinic setting, frequent interaction with patients through onboarding, routine check-ins, and warm handoff helps support and empower the patient to be engaged in their personal health care journey.

Anthropogenic gadolinium sources and remediation in highly urbanized river in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, China: Insights from buffer zone and three-dimensional tracer system

As a newly emerging microcontaminant, rare earth elements (REEs), especially gadolinium (Gd) in surface water, are attracting great environmental concern in large urban cities. The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region stands as the preeminent urban agglomeration in northern China, whereas the riverine Gd characteristics and environmental impacts on this region remain inadequate. This study analyzed 27 river water samples in BTH, all of which displayed evidently positive Gd anomalies ranging 1.44–290.75. Spearman correlation indicated the positively correlated REEs concentrations in river water with urban land and cultivated land. A three-dimensional tracing system was established involving anthropogenic Gd (Gdanth) and conventional ion ratios (NO3−/Na+, Cl−/Na+). This system effectively discerned the influences originating from sewage treatment plants, wastewater treatment plants, hospitals, and factories within the BTH region. Gd-based contrast agents (GBCAs) manifest notable potential ecological toxicity and adverse health effects when getting exposed. However, traditional wastewater treatment methods demonstrate limited efficacy in removing these pollutants completely from urban water. To deal with this challenge, this study proposed a new method by combining the latest GBCAs remediation technology with mixing membrane wastewater treatment. This technology may shed light on the potential of an economical and operational procedure of handling medical wastewater specifically in urban water.

Patient-Centered Approaches for Designing Destigmatizing Sexual Pain-Related Web-Based Platforms: Qualitative Study.

Sexual pain is a common but neglected disorder that affects approximately 3% to 18% of women and an unmeasured number of gender-diverse people worldwide. Despite its wide prevalence, many people feel reluctant to visit conventional health care services or disclose their symptoms due to the fear of stigmatization. To alleviate this stigma, various web-based interventions have been developed to complement and, in some cases, replace conventional sexual health interventions. However, the way these web-based interventions are developed could inadvertently reproduce, perpetuate, or exacerbate stigma among end user patients. The purpose of this study was to understand patients' perspectives on how sexual pain-related web platforms can be designed to alleviate stigma or prevent the unintended effects of stigma among patients who use web-based interventions. Individual semistructured interviews were conducted among 16 participants with lived experiences of painful sex in a large urban city in Western Canada. Participants were recruited via social media platforms, newsletters, and a provincial health volunteer website. Using a sample sexual pain website to provide context, participants were interviewed about their experiences of stigma and how they think web platforms could be designed to address stigma. The interviews were conducted via Zoom (Zoom Technologies Inc) and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed 4 overarching themes that represented participants' perspectives on designing web platforms that may alleviate or prevent the unintended effects of stigma. These findings suggested the design of inclusive web platforms, having a nonprovocative and calming user interface, having features that facilitate connections among users and between users and providers, and displaying personal testimonials and experiences of sexual pain. This study highlighted patient-centered design approaches that could serve as a reference guide in developing web platforms that alleviate or prevent the unintended effects of stigma, particularly among nonheterosexual and gender-diverse people. While this study was conducted in the context of sexual pain, the results might also apply to web platforms on other potentially stigmatizing health-related disorders or conditions.

Analysis of Road Infrastructure Problems in Urban City, Karachi

Road infrastructure is a significant part of the economic development of countries. Better performance of road communication system is significant part of all over the world. Developed countries make a significant effort for designing a well-managed traffic arrangement for the individuals. Furthermore, an efficient transport system is the key element for improving the country's economic conditions. Sustainable and efficient traffic management system is the backbone for humanizing the economic growth of developing countries. In case of Pakistan, Karachi is the main industrial hub for whole country's economy and accommodates enormous number of migrants. Due to this reason the population of city is increasing day by day. This paper presents the current situation of road infrastructure troubles in Karachi. The urban city is facing several numbers of issues that were already documented by researchers such as traffic congestion and road safety problems. On an urgent basis an efficient mass transit system is required to reduce the traffic jam conditions. The transport system of Karachi requires instant proper management rules and designed transport facilities. The aim of the paper is to identify the main traffic problems of the large urban city, Karachi, which is faced by the people in their daily life and to suggest recommendations for reducing the current situation related to traffic management strategies. The research methodology for this paper will be based on qualitative analysis of the road infrastructure troubles that are identified by the individuals through interviews and detailed group meetings.

Understanding STEM Outcomes for Autistic Middle Schoolers in an Interest-Based, Afterschool Program: A Qualitative Study

Current research underscores that there are only a few evidence-based programs that teach STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) as part of their curriculum, especially for autistic students. Even fewer programs focus on engineering and design learning. Hence, we developed an informal afterschool maker program to develop autistic and non-autistic students’ interests in engineering to understand their experiences learning STEM concepts and values while applying the engineering mindset to develop projects. This qualitative study aimed to explore and understand students’ experiences participating in STEM activities in the maker club. We interviewed twenty-six students (seventeen autistic and nine non-autistic), nine teachers, and thirteen parents representing diverse cultural and socio-economic backgrounds across three public middle schools in a large urban metropolitan city between 2018 and 2019. Our thematic analysis yielded four themes: (1) active participation in STEM; (2) curiosity about STEM topics, concepts, and practices, (3) capacity-building to engage in STEM learning; and 4) understanding of the importance of STEM education in daily life. The results of this study enabled us to understand that students were deeply engaged with the content and curriculum of our program, expanded their knowledge base about scientific concepts, used engineering-specific scientific terminologies, and engaged with the engineering design process to conceptualize, test, improvise, and problem-solve. Furthermore, this afterschool engineering education program created a safe, nurturing, and stimulating environment for students to build engineering readiness skills.

Влияние физкультурно-оздоровительной и спортивной среды города на здоровье жителей.

Recreation and sports environment is an essential part of the urban space, which is the most important factor in improving and maintaining health of the citizens, contributing to better mental health, cognitive functions, lower overall mortality, higher life expectancy, lower morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular diseases, prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes, better pregnancy and birth outcomes. Recreation and sports environment of the urban space includes the city’s greenery, recreational areas, areas for physical activities and sports, and waterfront areas. This study uses a correlation analysis to analyze impact of the recreation and sports environment of cities on health of the population of working and post-working ages. The study was conducted in 2019 on the example of large and huge urban cities of the Moscow region populated with more than 125,000 people. Based on the correlation analysis results, the authors have demonstrated the impact of the overall set of all sports facilities, sports structures, flat sports structures, swimming pools, sports halls, and public green spaces in cities on health of the post-working age. The study has also shown the impact of swimming pools, the overall set of all types of sports facilities, sports structures, flat sports structures, sports halls, and public green spaces in cities on health of the workingage population. The development and constant support of the city’s fitness and sports environment in a functional state is an important task of city administrations, the result of which is able to increase the physical activity of citizens and lead to a decrease in the morbidity of the urban population.

Beyond Haze: Unveiling the Health Crisis of Urban Smog

With the industrial growth and urbanization in large cities of Pakistan, the smog has become a lurking adversary amidst the haze impacting millions of people every winter season. Pakistan ranks at number 3 in the countries with poor air quality as of 2019, the main reason of which is the persistent smog. It is formed the presence of severe atmospheric pollutants suspended in air which gives it a yellowish black dense appearance. These pollutants mainly originate from industries due to the burning of fuels in industries, and from automobile exhausts due to the release of harmful gases such as ozone, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxide along with the particulate matter such as dust and volatile compounds in air. It not only reduces visibility and obscures the skyline but is known to have serious implications for human health. Various studies associate smog with the respiratory and eye infections, allergies, and lungs cancer. The particulate matter present in the smog such as PM10 reach the lower levels of the respiratory tract and is responsible for irritation and allergies. Moreover, they carry other harmful materials, such hydrocarbons and poisonous gases with them as well that enter the blood stream via gaseous in alveoli [1]. The constituents in smog have been reported to elevate the risk of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in lungs in the people with chronic respiratory conditions. People from all age groups are affected with the youngest and immunocompromised individuals more susceptible to perilous effects of smog depending upon the time of exposure. Apart from respiratory system, there are various reports which link smog with the cardiovascular system issues as well. Researchers from the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) have proved the long-term exposure to PM2.5 can result in myocardial infarction and decreased life expectancy [2]. A number of multifaceted strategies are required to address this health crisis. Regulatory policies for the controlled emission of harmful matter in the air, and plans for the introducing cleaner technologies may prove beneficial to mitigate this risk and improve the overall air quality. Public awareness is equally critical to equip general masses with the knowledge about the adverse effects of smog and ways to prevent them. Smog is not merely an environmental concern, it’s a public health emergency which demands urgent attention. It’s a collected responsibility of policy makers and communities to revitalize the urban environments steering towards healthier tomorrows.

Machine Learning Models in the large-scale prediction of parking space availability for sustainable cities

The search for effective solutions to address traffic congestion presents a significant challenge for large urban cities. Analysis of urban traffic congestion has revealed that more than 70% of it can be attributed to prolonged searches for parking spaces. Consequently, accurate prediction of parking space availability in advance can play a vital role in assisting drivers to find vacant parking spaces quickly. Such solutions hold the potential to reduce traffic congestion and mitigate its detrimental impacts on the environment, economy, and public health. Machine learning algorithms have emerged as promising approaches for predicting parking space availability. However, comparative studies on those machine learning models to evaluate the best suited for a large-scale prediction and within a given prediction time period are missing.In this study, we compared nine machine learning algorithms to assess their efficiency in predicting long-term, large-scale parking space availability. Our comparison was based on two approaches: using on-street parking data alone and 2) incorporating data from external sources (such as weather data). We used automatic machine learning models to compare the performance of different algorithms according to the prediction efficiency and execution time. Our results indicated that the automated machine learning models implemented were well fitted to our data. Notably, the Extra Tree and Random Forest algorithms demonstrated the highest efficiency among the models tested. Moreover, we observed that the Random Forest algorithm exhibited less computational demand than the Extra Tree algorithm, making it particularly advantageous in terms of execution time. Therefore, this work suggests that the Random Forest algorithm is the most suitable machine learning model in terms of efficiency and execution time for accurately predicting large-scale, long-term parking space availability.

Municipal Food Waste Management and Its Greenhouse Gas Emission in Thailand: A Case Study of 8 Municipalities

Food waste has a high potential for greenhouse gas (GHG) emission, particularly methane, which has been causing climate change issues worldwide. This quantitative research is aimed to investigate the situations of food waste and assess its greenhouse gas emission potential in Thailand. Food waste management in eight municipalities was analysed across four regions countrywide. The findings showed that the COVID-19 pandemic led to a dramatic reduction in municipal food waste (MFW). This led to a total of around 26,657 tonnes/day in 2021, which was nearly 39% of the total MSW and the average MFW generation per capita was 0.4 kg/capita/day. Household food waste (HFW) represented a major component of MFW. In large urban municipalities and cities (notably tourist cities), significant food waste per capita exceeded the peri-urban municipalities (P &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the treatment of MFW could result in significantly higher GHG emissions than from fossil fuel emissions created by the collection and transportation of MFW. This comparison between the four food waste management technologies that emits the most greenhouse gases showed that landfill had the most GHG emission potential, followed by incineration, composting, and anaerobic digestion, respectively. The research findings clearly illustrated that the municipalities at all levels needed to take the following actions: 1) conduct a survey and study the situations of food waste problems in local area, 2) formulate the policy for food waste management and treatment using the appropriate selection of technologies available with a minimum of impact on the environment and the Earth’s atmosphere, and 3) utilise the GHG emission potential for food waste disposal, such as energy recovery as well as possible trading-in for carbon credit.