Large-scale Sports Events Research Articles

The interplay of climate change and physical activity: Implications for cardiovascular health

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the top contributors to global disease burden. Meeting the physical activity guidelines can effectively control and prevent several CVD risk factors, including obesity, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The effects of climate change are multifactorial and have direct impacts on cardiovascular health. Increasing ambient temperatures, worsening air and water quality and urbanisation and loss of greenspace will also have indirect effects of cardiovascular health by impacting the ability and opportunity to participate in physical activity. A changing climate also has implications for large scale sporting events and policies regarding risk mitigation during exercise in hot climates. This review will discuss the impact of a changing climate on cardiovascular health and physical activity and the implications for the future of organised sport.

Hosting Large Sports Events Sustainably: A Contemporary Administrative and Economic Evaluation

In the modern era characterized by digitalization and technological advancement, it is especially important to understand whether the country is ready to host large sports events sustainably from contemporary legal, administrative and economic point of view. Therefore, the aim to explore the administrative and economic dimensions of hosting large sports events through the lens of sustainability. This evaluation is crucial for policymakers, event organizers, and stakeholders committed to fostering a balance between economic gains, environmental preservation, and social well-being in the planning and execution of future large-scale sporting events. The methodological foundation of the study is built upon a range of general scientific methods, including the monographic, analytical, historical, and comparative methods, as well as the techniques of induction and deduction. Additionally, the study employs various methods for interpreting legal norms, such as grammatical, historical, teleological, and systemic approaches. Keywords: economic activity and impact assessment, good governance, sports law

Examining the development of human rights strategies for large-scale sport events: the case of the United Bid for the FIFA Men’s World Cup 2026

ABSTRACT Research question Criticism of human rights issues associated with large-scale sport events has led event rights holders to incorporate human rights into bidding and hosting requirements. Bids for FIFA World Cups (men’s and women’s) now require the inclusion of a human rights strategy. Given that these requirements are relatively new, there is limited understanding of how these strategies are developed. This study drew on strategy formulation and contingency theory to examine human rights strategy development of the United Bid – a joint bid between Canada, Mexico, and the United States for the 2026 FIFA Men’s World Cup. Research methods A qualitative instrumental case study was employed using archival data and 12 semi-structured interviews with United Bid members and key stakeholders. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis, resulting in three themes. Results and findings Findings highlight the critical roles of stakeholder engagement and individuals with event experience in developing human rights strategies. The novelty of FIFA’s human rights requirements and late delivery of the bid guidelines presented significant challenges for the bid committee. Implications This research advances contingency theory by suggesting the approach to the development of human rights strategies is dependent on prospective hosts’ overall bid strategy. In this case, the bid focused on human rights at the country level and deferred assessment of human rights at the host city level until after the bid was won. This insight can guide prospective host nations in accounting for and integrating human rights into their bids.

Research on the Construction of Sports Tourism Belt and Interaction with Large Sports Events

As a new form of tourism growth, the sports tourism belt integrates sports activities and travel experiences, bringing new opportunities for local economic progress and the travel industry. This article conducts research and analysis on the concept, construction mode, and the impact of large-scale sports events on sports tourism belts, aiming to provide theoretical basis and practical reference for the further development of sports tourism belts.

Exploring the Green Development of Large Scale Sports Events in China from the Perspective of Ecological Civilization

Exploring the Green Development of Large Scale Sports Events in China from the Perspective of Ecological Civilization

Research on the Image of Yanqing in Mainstream Media Coverage of the Winter Olympics

The successful hosting of large-scale sports events can assist in the construction and dissemination of urban media image, and enhance urban competitiveness. This article mainly takes news reports on Yanqing from three mainstream media outlets, namely People's Daily, Beijing Daily, and Beijing Evening News, during the Winter Olympics as research samples. Using methods such as content analysis, the article analyzes Yanqing's urban media image from multiple perspectives by analyzing the emotional color, coverage density, themes, and keyword frequency of news reports. It presents a good media image of Yanqing built at different levels such as government, environment, culture, and society during the Winter Olympics.

The Effect of University News Production Practices in Large Sports Events - A Study of Zhejiang Gongshang University's Coverage of the Hangzhou Asian Games from User/Producer Perspective

The Hangzhou Asian Games, a key international sports event in 2023, provides China with an opportunity to showcase its global standing, following the Beijing Olympic Games and Shanghai World Expo. Zhejiang Gongshang University's Culture and Sports Centre serves as the handball competition venue, with about 1,200 teachers and volunteers engaged across various Asian Games sites. Despite this, the university's media impact falls short compared to peers in Hangzhou with Asian Games venues. This research explores the news production practices of universities during large-scale international sports events, focusing on improving Zhejiang Gongshang University's media coverage and influence. Utilizing in-depth interviews and The Uses and Gratifications theory, the study analyzes news production related to the Asian Games on the university's official website, social media, and newspapers. Interviews include both producers and audiences of this news.Findings indicate a disconnect between media reports and the diverse needs of media users, with news production primarily driven by informational and promotional objectives. Recommendations include diversifying themes and forms of media coverage, enhancing creativity and interactivity, adopting a proactive and strategic approach to media communication, and leveraging new media platforms for more engaging content.

Post Utilization of the Venues of the 31st World University Summer Games

This study explores the post-game utilization of venues at the 31st Summer Universiade and assesses respondents’ satisfaction with venue services. The study found that although large-scale sports events such as the Summer Universiade are held in China, the issue of venue utilization after the games has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Although a lot of manpower and material resources have been invested in the construction of modern sports venues, they often only focus on the requirements during the event and ignore the operation and utilization of the venues after the game. In this context, through a survey and analysis of 278 respondents, this study found that venue infrastructure and recreational and leisure facilities scored higher, but other aspects such as venue facilities, accessibility, service personnel, catering services, etc. scored lower Low. Respondent satisfaction is positively correlated with gender, but not significantly correlated with other demographic characteristics such as age, education, occupation, etc. In social services, product appearance is positively evaluated, but functionality and reliability are not. Finally, the study found that only reliability and transportation accessibility were positively related to satisfaction, emphasizing the important impact of transportation on venue reliability. In summary, this study provides important reference value for solving the post-match utilization issues of large-scale sports event venues. It is recommended that while improving service levels and facility quality, strengthen the function and reliability of social services and pay attention to transportation accessibility, to improve the satisfaction of using the venue after the game.

Research on the Creation and Practice of Cheerleading at the Opening Ceremony of Large-scale Sports Events: Taking Hangzhou Asian Games as an Example

Research on the Creation and Practice of Cheerleading at the Opening Ceremony of Large-scale Sports Events: Taking Hangzhou Asian Games as an Example

CHINA’S PUBLIC DIPLOMACY AT THE PRESENT STAGE

The purpose of the research. The article examines the current state of public diplomacy research in China. The subject, object, method and purpose of public diplomacy are analyzed. As a resource of national soft power, culture is an important means of implementing public diplomacy. In the article, we analyze the specific Chinese practice of implementing public diplomacy from the point of view of cultural public diplomacy. Results. As a result of the conducted research, the author comes to the conclusion that the status of public diplomacy in Chinese national diplomacy has increased rapidly. First, with regard to the current state of research, in recent years, the research of Chinese scientists in the field of public diplomacy has focused more on applied research than on theoretical ones, such as the role of public diplomacy in shaping the country’s image and strengthening its soft power. Secondly, with regard to the definition of public diplomacy, Chinese scientists hold different views on the subject, object and method of public diplomacy, but on the purpose of public diplomacy, Chinese scientists believe that public diplomacy, like other types of traditional diplomacy, is aimed at protecting and strengthening national interests. Thirdly, humanitarian exchanges have always been an important part of Xi Jinping’s socialist diplomatic thought with Chinese specifics in the new era and an important pillar of Chinese diplomacy. China has enriched Chinese public diplomacy with the opening of Confucius institutes, exchanges, large-scale cultural events and large-scale sports events, promoted the popularization of Chinese culture, strengthened mutual understanding and cooperation with the peoples of other countries and achieved good results.

Social Impacts of Hosting the 2022 FIFA World Cup on Citizens and Residents in Qatar

This study aimed to identify the social impacts of hosting the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar on its citizens and residents. Also, it aimed to reveal the differences in these impacts across various demographic variables, including identity, age group, and gender. The researcher adopted a descriptive methodology to achieve these objectives, collecting data mainly through a questionnaire administered to a diverse sample of 411 individuals who willingly participated in the study. The study's findings unveiled a range of significant social effects from this momentous event hosted in Qatar. Notably, these effects manifested in improving the country's image, fostering an incomparable sense of community pride, developing a heightened feeling of belonging, and arousing an overwhelming enthusiasm within the populace in Qatar towards hosting such grand-scale sporting events. Moreover, the World Cup fostered stronger feelings of security and social cohesion. Based on these results, the study advocates recommendations for future investigative endeavors. Despite its significant results, the study recommends future research to encompass a more diverse and inclusive representation from various regions. This is crucial to understand better the social outcomes of large-scale sporting events among the population.

A study on the sustainability of large sporting events and host cities-the Harbin Asian winter games as an example

This paper delves into the relationship among major sports events and urban sustainability. The paper takes case study of the Asian winter games in Harbin, China. This paper also explores the effects of support events and presents pragmatic policy options for those countries opting to host significant sporting events. Major sports events have a wider audiences, which offers huge potential for advancing sustainable development in urban societies. The key objectives of the paper is to find out the effects of major sporting events on urban sustainable development using the Asian winter games in Harbin as an example. Important insights explain the important of support events. It aims to enhance the city’s outlook. Moreover, it promote economic progress, and raise the standard of living for its people. This paper highlights the significant opportunity large-scale sports events present for urban sustainable development while underscoring the importance of planning, management, and evaluation. ‘The winter games of Asia presents important lessons for other cities to achieve sustainable development goals better, ensuring the success of hosting major sports events aligns with the city's sustainable development. The results of this paper provide helpful guidance for later similar paper and pragmatic utility.

Leveraging Major Sport Events’ Success Towards Positioning Qatar as a Sport Tourism Destination

Through substantial investments in the sports sector, Qatar has solidified its position as a prominent global sport events destination. Notably recognised for hosting the monumental 2006 Asian Games, this marked the inception of Qatar's evolution into a hub for sport tourism. Since then, Qatar has successfully hosted several large-scale international sporting events, culminating in the historic hosting of the 2022 FIFA World Cup. This trajectory continues with Qatar securing bids for forthcoming events such as the 2027 FIBA Basketball Cup and the 2030 Asian Games. Despite earlier unsuccessful bids for the Olympic and Paralympic Games in 2016 and 2020, Qatar remains committed to upholding its exceptional hosting legacy. This study seeks to discern the critical dimensions contributing to successful hosting and their broader impact on the host country. Drawing insights from a critical review of past events, including comparative analyses with FIFA World Cups from 2022, 2018, and 2014, this research aims to identify common key indicators and their influence on local communities. By discerning these elements, the study endeavours to craft a roadmap for hosting major sporting events, addressing challenges, and leveraging supporting factors. The outcomes will offer prospective agendas and recommendations intended to bolster Qatar's strategic positioning as a competitive international sport tourism destination. For aspiring nations like Qatar, these large-scale sporting events serve as catalysts for sustainable impacts that transcend the event itself.

The “sports wars”: A contest theory approach to cities hosting game

The competition among cities to host a sports team or a large-scale international sports event is modeled as a winner-pay contest with an entry fee. In the first stage, each contestant (city) decides whether to pay the entry fee (infrastructure required by the team, for example), which allows it to participate in the second stage, that is, the actual contest. We show that the contest organizer’s choice of the optimal entry fee does not depend on the number of contestants. Furthermore, in some cases, the result is a form of zero-sum game, in which the sports team or event organizer is the main beneficiary. The findings shed light on this type of competition and under what conditions on the entry fee a city might benefit from hosting a sports team or large-scale international sports event.

Impact Assessment of Large-scale Sports Events on Tourism: A Case Study of the 16th Asian Games

Abstract The positive impact of hosting large-scale sports events on tourism is examined in this study, focusing on the 16th Asian Games as the research subject. The Difference-in-Difference Method and Synthetic Control Method are employed to analyze the event’s influence on tourism in Guangzhou and other cities within Guangdong Province. The findings demonstrate a significant driving effect of such events on the growth of tourism in host cities over subsequent years. Moreover, it is revealed that the 16th Asian Games has a particularly pronounced impact on remote cities located far from Guangzhou, including those situated in the eastern, western, and northern regions of Guangdong Province. Consequently, this study suggests that host cities should seize opportunities by engaging in scientific planning and meticulous arrangements for large-scale events. Additionally, other cities within the province where these events take place should actively participate in enhancing their ability to serve such occasions while improving both the level and quality of their tourism services. This approach will enable them to capitalize effectively on hosting opportunities and facilitate high-quality development across all parts of the province.

How Large-Scale Sports Events Can Promote Urban Economic Development: Taking the Hangzhou Asian Games as an Example

How Large-Scale Sports Events Can Promote Urban Economic Development: Taking the Hangzhou Asian Games as an Example

Understanding the Relationships Between Physical Activity and Climate Change: An Umbrella Review.

Physical activity is crucial for maintaining health and preventing chronic diseases. However, climate conditions can impact physical activity patterns, and conversely, physical activity can impact climate change. This umbrella review aims to summarize the existing evidence regarding the relationships between physical activity and climate change, as revealed in previous reviews. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were analyzed. Searches were conducted across GreenFILE, PubMed, and Web of Science databases for peer-reviewed articles published in English. A 2-stage independent screening process was conducted, and methodological quality was assessed using the JBI framework. Standardized data extraction methods were then applied. Out of 1292 articles retrieved, 7 met all eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Three articles examined physical activity as a primary exposure, 3 focused on the impacts of climate change, and one considered both physical activity and climate change as primary exposures. Findings reveal an interplay between climate change and physical activity. While rising temperatures may prompt outdoor activities up to a certain temperature threshold, air pollution and extreme heat can have harmful effects. Active transportation and improved logistics around large-scale sporting events can mitigate climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions, but transportation systems linked to sports venues may increase emissions. Research on the reciprocal relationship between climate change and physical activity domains, and integrating the community into climate discussions, is crucial for equity, especially for marginalized communities. Incorporating climate adaptation and mitigation strategies in physical activity infrastructure to minimize environmental impacts is critical.

Examining Audiences’ Information-Seeking Behavior Surrounding the Super Bowl and Sex Trafficking: Insights From Google Trends Data

Sex trafficking is a prominent human rights issue that has been increasingly associated with the hosting of large-scale sport events. Despite insufficient evidence demonstrating a causal or correlative link, event stakeholders have implemented antitrafficking efforts in attempts to prevent and promote awareness of sex trafficking. Using Google Trends data to measure audiences’ information-seeking behavior online and Twitter data as a proxy for antitrafficking efforts on social media, we employed a difference-in-differences approach to estimate the change in online demand for sex-trafficking information among the residents of Miami-Dade, the host city of Super Bowl LIV (54). Findings highlight an increase in the online demand for sex-trafficking information in the host city during and after the event. This increased demand attributed to the Super Bowl may offer support for host communities utilizing sport events to promote awareness of pressing social issues.

The Economic Impact of Large-scale Sports Events on Developing Countries

Nowadays, more and more large-scale sports events are chosen to hold in developing countries. For example, the 2016 Summer Olympics was held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, a South American country, the 2022 Winter Olympics and the 2023 Asian Games be held in China. This paper analyses how big sporting events will bring economic benefits to developing countries. Through the case, the research focuses on the analysis of economic development at and after the competition of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics and the 2016 Rio Olympics. It is found that large-scale sports events will certainly bring economic development and tourism development during the holding period, and help the country improve its international status, but this is also closely related to the country's own economic strength. If there is not enough economic strength to improve the infrastructure, it will lead to a series of negative events after the game. Therefore, before deciding whether to apply for sports events, developing countries should first evaluate the overall situation of their countries, including economic development and social stability, to help make better judgments. After the game, host countries need to continue to use the competition venue, continue to develop tourism, ensure economic development, and apply for win-win cooperation with developed countries.

Benefit Analysis and Experience Enlightenment of Qatar World Cup

The application for hosting global large-scale sports events such as the World Cup requires a comprehensive evaluation of the country's economic situation. Otherwise, it may seem profitable to obtain high profits, but in reality, the multiplier effect is limited and the return rate is not high. Taking the 2022 Qatar World Cup as an example, we analyze the multiple benefits it generates and provide reference experiences for China to host large scale sports events.