Large-scale National Projects Research Articles

대형 국책 프로젝트 성과 달성을 위한 PMC(Project management Consultant) 도입의 필요성에 관한 연구

Recently, global construction companies are turning to PMC, a high value-added business. However, domestic construction engineering companies are still conducting projects focused on detailed design and construction supervision. This study aims to investigate the necessity of introducing PMC by analyzing the cases of completed projects in which PMC was introduced among domestic construction projects. Among the large-scale national projects in Korea, examples of the application of global standard PM include nuclear power plant projects in the 1970s, Gyeongbu High Speed Rail, Incheon International Airport, Incheon Bridge and Yongsan United States Forces Korea Base Relocation Plan (YRP) projects. However, these projects are PMC projects carried out by advanced global companies in Korea. There is an implication in that the necessity of introducing PMC for the successful completion of large-scale national projects was analyzed through the case analysis of these projects.

미군기지 반환 관련 정부 보도자료 발표에 따른 언론기사 변화 분석

The full-fledged return of U.S. military bases began in 2004 when U.S. military bases scattered across the country were relocated to Pyeongtaek and other areas under the YRP (Yongsan Relocation Plan), LPP (Land Partnership Plan), which were ratified by the National Assembly. The relocation is expected to be completed by the end of this year. In addition, the U.S. Military Jeonpyeong Housing Support Act, a special corporation enacted for the relocation of U.S. military bases to Pyeongtaek, is also expected to achieve its purpose and be abolished in 26. At this point, the newspaper article according to the government's press release when returning the U.S. military base would like to find out what interests are through text mining and topic modeling, and analyze the differences in these key words at the time of base return announcement. In addition, it presents a methodology for post-examination and analysis after the release of the government press release. Through this study, it was recognized that it was necessary to fully consider whether there was a difference in opinions between stakeholders and whether the opinions of policy beneficiaries were sufficiently reflected when writing a government press release. In addition, it is necessary to monitor follow-up newspaper articles to see how people's interests change and whether government press releases provide sufficient information to resolve conflicts. This can be used as a tool or methodology to resolve conflicts between stakeholders in advance for large-scale national projects to be carried out in the future.

Guest editors' note

Adelia Carstens retired as full professor and director of the Unit for Academic Literacy, University of Pretoria, after an academic career spanning nearly 40 years, but continues to remain a valued colleague and expert in the fields that she has worked in. In the course of her academic career, she has taught close to 23 different modules from first year to master’s level, successfully supervised several postgraduate students, designed and developed highly successful writing and communication modules, and contributed greatly to the advancement of the University of Pretoria through her work in the development of this institution’s language policy, its language planning and overall language support from undergraduate to postgraduate level. She has mastered and published extensively on academic writing at undergraduate and postgraduate level, course and syllabus design, academic reading, genre-focused teaching of writing, translanguaging and multilingualism, to name a few. Adelia holds two PhDs, one from UNISA and one from the University of Pretoria. She has also been involved in large scale national projects, as well as international collaborative efforts. She holds a C2 NRF rating. Keywords: Adelia Carstens

State budget management in the Russian Federation

Subject. This article explores the theoretical foundations of the present State budget management structure in Russia. Objectives. The article aims to justify the need to reform the structure of the State budget management in the Russian Federation in order to increase susceptibility and adaptability to new goals and objectives, as well as to new methods of public financial management. Methods. For the study, I used the methods of analysis and synthesis, generalization, abstraction, induction, and modeling. Results. Using budgeting tools, I show that the development of the State budget management structure in the Russian Federation was stopped after the second phase of budget reform. This led to the formation of a cumulative system for managing the State financial resources, which effectively excluded any influence of the public treasurers on the financial activities of inferior treasurers and recipients of budget funds. Such a structure does not provide an opportunity to assess and monitor the effectiveness of budget funds use by subordinate organizations. It also fails to create an effective system for managing budgetary risks, especially the risks of deviant activities of government employees. Conclusions. The article concludes that within the framework of the current stage of budget reform in the Russian Federation, based on the methodology of budgeting and domestic practices of public financial management, it is necessary to continue developing an effective structure of State budget management. Otherwise, the implementation of large-scale national projects and budget reform itself is under threat of failure.

Borisoglebsk. Identity of a small town

Borisoglebsk is a district center in the Voronezh region, a typical provincial town in the Black Earth region of Russia. Despite its turbulent history, the town managed to save most of its historical and cultural wealth. Today this small town is “frozen” in anticipation of upcoming changes. The changes are coming together with large-scale national projects, building initiatives and the general tendency towards improvements and contemporary design. The authors discuss the measure of adequacy of possible development strategies for the values of the urban fabric woven by a long and slow accumulation of qualities “in situ”.

Progress in light water reactor thermal-hydraulics research in Korea

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the progress in nuclear TH R&D activities undertaken in the Republic of Korea over the past few decades. The focus is mainly on the developments that commenced after Korea decided to embark on large-scale national projects with the aim to develop advanced reactor designs. Korea operates predominantly light water reactors, so the paper deals exclusively with LWR TH. The Fukushima Daiichi accident also has imparted an indelible impact on Korea’s national nuclear program in general and TH research in particular, as the accident has forced Korea to reset the priorities and directions in subsequent R&D efforts. The paper covers many technical and scientific topics that were deemed to be of contemporary importance and interest at the time of their developments. TH has been at the front and center of Korea’s nuclear program and TH research evolved through a few phases aligned with the overall national nuclear technology development program. TH research program was kindled in earnest during the nascent period of nuclear technology development coinciding with the operation of the nation’s first commercial nuclear plant, Kori-1, in 1978. The embryonic research period segued into next phase when Korea decided to indigenize imported nuclear technology. National research programs began to blossom when they entered next phase, which was prompted by Korea’s aspiration and desire to develop its own advanced reactor designs. This period then transitioned into the current phase, largely dictated by the Fukushima Daiichi accident. Various phases had their unique research needs of the times. The paper highlights some major or critical TH technologies developed over the years.

A Comprehensive Eco-service Evaluation Model Based on Environmental Degradation Factors

In the course of land project development, the environmental factors are often neglected in the assessment, but the damage of the environment usually leads to a much higher cost compared with its benefit. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation model is expected to be built as our goal. First, we use the Logistic Regression Analysis to estimate the environmental cost. To simplify the modeling process, we select polluted river, poor air quality, poorly treated wastewater, climate changes to build the Nonlinear Fitting Model Based on Fourier Transform to calculate the cost of environmental degradation. Then use the model we built to analyze the cost-benefit of small community projects and large-scale national projects. Finally, taking the time factor into consideration, the long-term cost-benefit of land development projects is forecasted by using the neural network algorithm. Thus, a comprehensive valuation can be obtained as a reference for land project investors.

Development and application of facilities at the Centre for Applied Physics, Dating and Diagnostics (CEDAD) at the University of Salento during the last 15 years

The Centre for Dating and Diagnostics was established in 2001 at the University of Salento with the aim of becoming a National Centre for radiocarbon dating by AMS. After more than fifteen years of operation this goal has been fully achieved with thousands of dated samples for researches spanning from Archaeological, Earth and Forensics sciences to industrial and environmental applications. Furthermore, in the frame of different large scale National projects, the experimental potential of the facility has been substantially improved through the installation of new beam lines and experimental set-ups.

Airborne gravimetry for geoid determination with Lacoste Romberg and Chekan gravimeters

Airborne gravimetry for geodetic purposes such as geoid determination and global geopotential models requires good bias stability, as well as good performance in turbulence for large-scale national projects. DTU-Space has since many years carried out large area airborne surveys over polar, tropical and temperate regions. Recently we have started flying two gravimeters (L&R and Chekan-AM) side by side for increased reliability and redundancy in several surveys. In the paper we will give some examples of recent survey results, confirming accuracies in the 1 mGal range for a well-controlled Danish flight test, and around 3 mGal for intercomparisons of Chekan and L&R results in Nepal, one of the most challenging field survey regions on the Earth. We also indicate the good agreement between airborne gravity and GOCE data in Nepal, and outline the use for improved geoid determination.

О международном сотрудничестве Северо-Запада России в инновационной сфере на Балтике

This article focuses on cooperation between the constituent entities of the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation and the Baltic countries (Finland, Estonia, Norway) in the field of innovations at national and regional levels, as well as at the level of inter-enterprise cooperation. The author reviews successful innovation projects implemented within cross-border and transnational cooperation programs. The most significant projects focus on the development of information and communications technologies in healthcare, the development of networks uniting innovation centres in the Baltic Sea region, and the transnational network of business incubators in the Baltic Sea region. The author identifies promising areas of cooperation between North-West Russia, Finland, Norway, and Estonia in the field of innovations, including telecommunications, information, space, biological, environmental and nanotechnologies, software, medicine, education, culture, energy efficiency and ecological construction, as well as the development of creative industries. The article pays attention to large-scale national projects, such as “St. Petersburg Corridor — Two Model Open Innovation Platform” and “Partnership in commercialization of Russian innovations”.

국책사업입지선정 관련 중앙·지역신문 간 기사프레임 비교

본 연구는 중앙지와 지역 신문들이 국책사업 입지 선정을 놓고 뉴스의 프레임을 어떻게 달리 구성하는지 분석하였다. 분석 대상은 2011년 4월 28일부터 5월 28일까지 한 달간의 중앙 일간지와 시도별 21개 지역 신문 기사 중 국제과학비즈니스벨트 거점지구 입지 선정 관련 사설과 '해설 성 기사' 93건이다. 분석 결과 중앙지들은 전체적인 맥락에서 일관성 없는 정책에 대한 '무능한 정부 프레임'과 '재발 방지 프레임'을 가장 많이 구성하였다. 그러나 지역 신문들은 거점지구로 선정된 지역과 탈락된 지역 간에 뉴스 프레임이 심한 대조를 보였다. 선정된 지역의 신문에서는 '발전'과 '성과 프레임'의 비중이, 탈락된 지역 신문들에서는 '무능한 정부 프레임'과 '대항 프레임'의 비중이 높게 나왔다. 한편, 국제과학비즈니스벨트 후보 지역이 아니었던 여타 지역 신문들에서는 과학비즈니스벨트 관련 기사를 거의 기사로 다루지 않았다. 본 연구의 결과가 말해주는 것은 핌피(PIMFY) 시설 유치를 위한 과열 경쟁이 가져온 지방정부 간의 갈등 현상이 님비(NIMBY)시설 입지 선정에 못지않은 심각한 양상을 보이고 있다는 것이다. This study is an analysis of how national newspapers and local newspapers frame news contents over selecting of the site of International science-business belt. The results of analysis are as follows. First, in national newspapers, 'incompetent government frame' to criticize inconsistent policies and 'relapse prevention frame' were most commonly found. Second, newspapers in the region chosen as the site of an International Science-business belt and newspapers in the region not chosen showed a severe contrast in news frames. Most of news frames in the region chosen as the site of an International science-business belt were 'development frame' and 'performance frame'. On the other hand, newspapers in the region not chosen produced 'incompetent government frame' and 'protest frame' more than others. Finally, local newspapers in the area not related with the site of an International Science-business belt did not even deal with such an articles. These results show that to win large-scale national projects such as PIMFI facilities, local governments have been too much competitive and connected to a conflict.

Symposium 18: Citizen Science in Ecology: the Intersection of Research and Education

Symposium 18: Citizen Science in Ecology: the Intersection of Research and Education

History and development of validation with the ESP-r simulation program

It is well recognised that validation of dynamic building simulation programs is a long-term complex task. There have been many large national and international efforts that have led to a well-established validation methodology comprising analytical, inter-program comparison and empirical validation elements, and a significant number of tests have been developed. As simulation usage increases, driven by such initiatives as the European Energy Performance of Buildings Directive, such tests are starting to be incorporated into national and international standards. Although many program developers have run many of the developed tests, there does not appear to have been a systematic attempt to incorporate such tests into routine operation of the simulation programs. This paper reports work undertaken to address this deficiency. The paper summarizes the tests that have been applied to the simulation program ESP-r. These tests have been developed within International Energy Agency Annexes, within CEN standards, within various large-scale national projects, and by the UK's Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers. The structure used to encapsulate the tests allows developers to ensure that recent code modifications have not resulted in unforeseen impacts on program predictions, and allows users to check for themselves against benchmarks.

Large-Scale National Projects as Political Symbols: The Case of Israel

Large-Scale National Projects as Political Symbols: The Case of Israel

Comparing Technological Risks in Large Scale National Projects : Policy Science

Comparing Technological Risks in Large Scale National Projects : Policy Science

Comparing technological risks in large scale national projects

In policy debates concerning large scale R&D efforts, the achievements of the Manhattan and Apollo projects are frequently cited as evidence of “Yankee ingenuity” and the ability to overcome technical obstacles. In this article, the factors which contributed to the success and failure of large scale “crash” development projects are analyzed systematically. Successes are distinguished from failures according to two criteria. First, while the successes are marked by “parallel” development of technological components which began only after the basic scientific and technical obstacles had been overcome and the basic feasibility had been demonstrated, in the failures, parallel development began much earlier. In addition, the successful “crash” projects, such as the atomic bomb effort and the moon program, were designed to meet static technical goals and did not depend on overcoming countermeasures. The unsuccessful projects, such as the Safeguard ballistic missile defense (BMD) system, failed in the face of changes in Soviet military technology. Using these criteria to analyze the Reagan administration's space-based ballistic missile defense program (SPBMD), the author concludes that despite the claims made by supporters, this R&D effort is not similar to the Manhattan or Apollo projects. Rather, like the Nuclear Airplane and Skybolt missile, parallel developments have begun prior to proof of feasibility, and like the Safeguard BMD, the SPBMD must adapt to countermeasures.