Language Material Research Articles

Contributions of Computerized Dynamic Assessment and Digitalized Feedback to L2 Learners’ Grammar Acquisition: Technology-Enhanced Learning Facilitation Theory

As an integral part of dynamic assessment, computerized dynamic assessment (CDA) offers learners computer-assisted automated mediation. Accordingly, the possible efficacy of corrective feedback seems to be enhanced with new technologies, such as artificial intelligence tools, that offer automatic corrective feedback. Using technology-enhanced learning facilitation theory, this study examined, in this respect, the combined effect of CDA and digitalized feedback (DF) on L2 learners' grammar acquisition. Under a quantitative methodology and in an Iranian language institute, the study used a pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design with a control group to evaluate how CDA with DF affected language learners' grammar acquisition. The statistical analyses using t-tests and ANCOVAs revealed that compared to the control group, the experimental group that underwent CDA with DF showed notable increases in both comprehension and production of conditional type 1. The results underlined how well the theory of technology-enhanced learning facilitation helps recognize and produce the target grammatical feature. Emphasizing the significance of including individualized instruction, dynamic assessment, and DF in language teaching and learning methods, implications for language teachers, syllabus designers, materials producers, and policymakers are offered.

Some Intensive Adjectives with p in the Two Tuvan Dialects Jungar Tuvan and Uriankhai

Tuvan belongs to the adaq-group of Turkic languages. Tuvan and its related varieties can be collectively referred to as so-called “Sayan-Turkic.” As a result of this study, based on data obtained from field studies on “Sayan-Turkic” conducted by the Altaic Society of Korea in 2004, 2005, and 2006, it was possible to detect some intensive adjectives with p in Jungar Tuvan and Uriankhai. The questionnaires used did not have vocabulary items designed to search for intensive adjectives. If those vocabulary items had existed, there would have been an opportunity to systematically check intensive adjectives from all informants. The intensive adjectives obtained, especially in Jungar Tuvan and Uriankhai, can be said to be quite important in their own right. There will be many examples like this in the various Turkic language materials obtained from two research projects carried out by the Altaic Society of Korea over a period of six years (three years each). These materials, which have been neglected for over 10 years, must be properly processed as quickly as possible.

Types of play behavior in the expression of the category of relations in the English and Italian languages

The article offers a comparative analysis of the semantic and pragmatic characteristics of the types of play relations in the linguistic world view of non-closely related languages. It involves identifying similarities and differences in the play expression of the category of relations in English and Italian languages. The purpose of the study is a more detailed understanding of the category of relations in the behavioral aspect based on lexemes expressing the concept of play in unrelated languages. The relevance and theoretical novelty of the linguistic analysis of play relations is due to the lack of comparative studies on this issue based on the material of the Italian and English languages in the behavioral aspect. We introduce the concept of observer: the subject of perception and interpretation (ObserverP) and the subject of perception (ObserverA), as an interpreter of types of play relations as a linguistic research tool. The result of the study of the types of play relations is the analysis of lexical units as markers of play behavior in the semiotic and axiological aspects. Analysis of the definitions of lexemes of the compared languages, recorded in dictionaries, showed that, depending on the type of play relations, certain differences appear in the axiological aspect, and, subsequently, manifest themselves in the contexts. In Italian language, a negative assessment is much less common than a positive one when deciphering the semiotics of play behavior. In English language, playful relations reflect the intentions of transferring real behavioural actions into the play; in Italian language, they embellish real behavioral actions. A comparative analysis of language material makes it possible to clearly identify and demonstrate similarities and differences in the understanding and expression of play behavior using material of non-closely related languages.

ETHNOGRAPHISMS IN THE NOVEL “ELEN-ALAN”

In the modern era of developed globalization, the main driving force for the formation of a nation, integration as a people, unification as a country, preservation of national traditions is our ethnic mentality, language, religion and actual thinking. The main idea of the study is to cite ethnographic data from the historical novel “Elen-Alan”, which reflects the history, traditions and thoughts of our nation, using local color phraseology, proverbs and sayings in the language of the writer. The article aims to identify the content of individual phrases and phrases that determine the language skills of the writer by conducting an ethnolinguistic study of Ethnography in the language of A. Kekilbayev. The relevance of the study is manifested in the justification within the framework of linguistic ethnographisms that the ethnocultural unity of the writer's language forms a fund of ethnolexic words. The novelty and value of the topic of the article is emphasized by the fact that the study of phrasal phrases and parables related to domestic customs, traditions and customs that reflect the national character in the language of the writer is taken and evaluated in a holistic context. In the course of the study, methods of systematization and description of language material were used. The need to collect ethnographisms in the writer's language and create a systematic dictionary as future perspectives of the research was determined.

Das Frauenbild im Sozialismus. Eine exemplarische Untersuchung der Tageszeitung der rumäniendeutschen Minderheit Neuer Weg (1950)

Abstract This study focuses on the image of women in socialist society, as it appears in several articles on International Women’s Day in the Romanian-German newspaper Neuer Weg in the 1950s. The political authorities of the time would use Women’s Day to draw attention not only to problems specific to women, such as the protection of mother and child, women in the family and at work, but also to discuss political issues such as equal rights for women, universal, equal, secret and direct women’s suffrage and securing peace. The author takes the standpoint of sociolinguistics and pragmalinguistics in analysing and evaluating the linguistic data, whereby the language material points out particularities on a lexical, morpho-syntactic and pragmatic level.

The Use of QR Code-Based Arabic Ewan Textbooks in Learning Mahārah Kalām

<p style="text-align: justify;">Learning Arabic for beginners Of course, you really need a guide book in learning a language. The book does not seem archaic and monotonous but a textbook that is creative, innovative and easy to understand for students. Al Maahira IIBS Malang, recently this institution launched the implementation of a very interesting textbook adopted from Ewan University, namely the book "Ewan Arabic" in which there are Arabic language materials juxtaposed with QR Codes. This will help teachers in developing their teaching innovations, even making the teaching process more exciting creative to support the student learning process to run smoothly and foster the spirit of student learning motivation. The researcher used a qualitative descriptive method supported by quantitative data analysis. The use of QR-Code-based ewan textbooks supports students in learning maharah kalam can motivate them. The learning atmosphere has changed to be more lively students are also more active and enthusiastic.</p>

Readability Level of Spanish Language Online Health Information: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Because there is limited online health information in Spanish and it is critical to raise health literacy among Spanish-speaking people, it is essential to assess the readability level of Spanish material. Method: This systematic review included all articles published up to January 3, 2024, and used the CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PubMed databases. The objective was to include the body of knowledge on published articles on the readability levels of Spanish-language, web-based health information intended for lay audiences. Results: There were 27 articles in the final review. Within these articles, 11 tools were used in the Spanish language text. Of the tools, INFLESZ was the most frequently used and the FRY formula, Flesch-Szigriszt Index, and Flesch Formula Index were least used. Most materials (85.2%) reported readability levels of online Spanish information above the 8th grade reading level. Conclusions: The findings show the lack of internet-based Spanish language health information and materials at a recommended (e.g., 5th to 8th grade) reading level. More research is needed to determine which readability tests are more accurate for calculating the readability of Spanish web health information.

Kendala Penggunaan Bahasa Indonesia Pada Proses Pembelajaran di Program Studi Pendidikan Jasmani Kesehatan dan Rekreasi.

This research aims to identify barriers to the use of Indonesian in the learning process in the Physical Education, Health and Recreation study program. To measure perceptions and experiences regarding the use of Indonesian in learning, especially in understanding technical content, providing teaching, and communicating between students. This research uses a quantitative approach method by distributing questionnaires to third semester students. The research results show that the majority of respondents think that using Indonesian is effective in understanding basic concepts, but it is difficult to understand technical terms in foreign languages. In addition, misunderstandings often occur between instructors and students, especially in teaching practice environments. Another barrier identified was the lack of specific vocabulary in Indonesian to explain complex concepts in the fields of sport and health. The results of this research indicate that there is a need to adopt terminology in Indonesian that is easier to understand and improve instructors' abilities in creating teaching materials in language that is easier to understand.

Impact of a health literacy sensitive model of care in outpatient nephrology dietetic clinics.

Inadequate health literacy in people with chronic kidney disease is associated with poorer disease management and greater complications. Adherence to the renal diet is known to be suboptimal and patient feedback about the renal diet suggests that patients leave nephrology clinics feeling confused. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of a health literacy sensitive model of care (MOC) in outpatient nephrology dietetic clinics. This quasi-experimental non-randomised pre-post study recruited adults attending three renal dietitian clinics. The revised MOC consisted of a renal diet question prompt sheet, teachback, and plain language materials and instructions. Outcomes assessed included clinical, dietary, patient-reported satisfaction and quality of life. Differences between and within groups were analysed using paired t-tests, independent sample t-tests (or non-parametric equivalent), chi-squared and McNemar's tests. Linear mixed models evaluated change in total diet quality score, fruit, vegetable, protein and dairy intake with time as a fixed effect and a random subject specific effect. Fail to attend rates at the initial appointments were lower in the revised MOC (21.5% vs. 9.1%). The revised MOC was associated with significantly improved fruit (p = 0.03) and vegetable (p = 0.003) intake and an improved proportion with adequate diet quality (p = 0.03). These impacts were of moderate effect size (d = 0.5, 95% confidence interval = 0.0-1.0). The revised MOC was also associated with greater satisfaction at baseline (p = 0.04) and higher acceptability scores for all questions at the review appointments. Quality of life improved clinically but not significantly in the revised MOC (p = 0.92). This low-cost health literacy sensitive intervention is a promising strategy to improve fruit and vegetable intake in adults attending renal dietitian clinics. Further research to determine fidelity of teachback use and cost utility analysis would be beneficial. Larger scale trials powered to detect changes in quality of life would also be informative.

Inclusion in the learning game: Applying considerations from cognitive neuroscience, educational psychology, and SLA to language learning activity and materials design

Considering the need for pedagogically effective learning activities and materials to support language learning, particularly within teacher-led instruction, it is curious that at present there is no overarching, research-based framework available to educators to draw from when designing and implementing such activities and materials. To address this gap, the authors of this paper have drawn from a host of relevant research pertaining to cognitive neuroscience, educational psychology, and second language acquisition to establish a framework for designing and implementing activities and learning materials capable of facilitating enhanced language learning outcomes within an inclusive classroom. Incorporating ten key considerations – attention and focus, desirable difficulty, depth of processing, deliberate practice, novelty and surprise, wakeful rest, visible learning, meaningful feedback, affective engagement, and strategic choice and use – this versatile framework not only provides teachers with necessary knowledge for designing language learning activities and materials in an engaging and efficacious manner but may also embolden them to do so.

Linguistic projection of ethnostereotyping of advice in languages with different structures

The article is a comparative study of linguistic objectification of ethno-stereotypical features associated with the speech act of advice in languages with different structures. In the process of intercultural communication, an important mission is performed by politeness, which contributes to the establishment of friendly and favorable relations between communicants. The speech act of advice as one of the forms of linguistic objectification of the category of politeness is also a condition for maintaining social reciprocity. At the same time, the projection of this phenomenon in language in different cultural spaces varies. In the article based on the material of three differently structured Kabardino-Circassian, Russian and English languages, using a comprehensive research methodology, including general scientific and linguistic methods, such as methods of comparative, component, contextual, etymological analysis, interpretation and generalization, the specifics of the work of national thinking in linguistic actualization of the concept of advice are studied. The analysis of languages with different structures revealed universal and nationally specific features of the Kabardino-Circassian, Russian and English linguocultures, in particular, culturally determined stereotyping associated with the speech act of advice in the framework of ensuring social reciprocity. A comparative study of languages with different structures made it possible to identify the features of each language that could remain undiscovered during the autonomous study of individual languages. The introduction of new language material into scientific use promotes further research in linguoculturology.

APOYOnline: A Sustainable Approach to Heritage Preservation Across the Americas

ABSTRACT For 35 years, APOYOnline – Association for Heritage Preservation of the Americas has been building bridges of communication and promoting professional development in the field of heritage preservation, strengthening, empowering, and transforming our community, increasing inclusion and access, and reducing social inequalities in the Americas and in Portuguese- and Spanish-speaking countries. As a grassroots, volunteer-based, non-profit organization, we listen to the community and work to address needs caused by widely recognized discrepancies in working conditions, adverse climate conditions, social inequalities in training, and other factors that directly impact heritage preservation and to provide access to specialized technical resources. This paper presents the voices of APOYOnline and the impact of the organization’s catalyzing work in improving resource accessibility and connecting people. This work has mobilized regional and global networks, providing equal opportunities through translation of reference materials in multiple languages, professional development grants for students and emerging professionals, and training and regional networking events in underserved territories in the region. It also addresses our special community-based initiative Manos a la Obra, which strengthens long-term community engagement as a collaborative knowledge-sharing process, based on learning through participation and dialogue. The program improves access to technical information and fosters the long-term sustainability of local and regional cultural heritage preservation efforts, and has served as a model for similar activities in other countries. APOYOnline pursues sustainability through volunteer-based networking showing that communication and horizontal interaction with local communities creates awareness and better opportunities for our professionals and positively impacts heritage preservation in the region.

Bangla Optical Character Recognition for Mobile Platforms: A Comprehensive Cross-Platform Approach

The development of Optical Character Recognition (OCR) systems for Bangla script has been an area of active research since the 1980s. This study presents a comprehensive analysis and development of a cross-platform mobile application for Bangla OCR, leveraging the Tesseract OCR engine. The primary objective is to enhance the recognition accuracy of Bangla characters, achieving rates between 90% and 99%. The application is designed to facilitate the automatic extraction of text from images selected from the device's photo library, promoting the preservation and accessibility of Bangla language materials. This paper discusses the methodology, including the preparation of training datasets, preprocessing steps, and the integration of the Tesseract OCR engine within a Dart programming environment for cross-platform functionality. This integration provides that the application could be introduced on mobile platforms without substantial alterations. The results demonstrate significant improvements in recognition accuracy, making this application a valuable tool for various practical applications such as data entry for printed Bengali documents, automatic recognition of Bangla number plates, and the digital archiving of vintage Bangla books. These improvements are crucial to further enhance the usability and reliability of Bangla OCR on mobile devices. Our cross-platform method for Bangla OCR on mobile devices provides a strong solution with exceptional identification accuracy, which helps in preserving and making Bangla language information accessible in digital format. This study has significant implications for future research and advancement in the field of optical character recognition (OCR) for intricate writing systems, especially in mobile settings.

Augmentation of Receptive Skills and Integration of Technology: An Analytical Perspective of Faculty’s Perceptions and Observations in EFL Context

Focusing on the utilization and integration of technology in EFL classrooms to train learners and enrich language inputs. Augmenting receptive skills in the EFL contexts, this paper has repopulated faculty’s perceptions and observations respecting the integration of technology. The study discloses patricians’ thoughts regarding the significance of integrating technology in language classrooms in Saudi for the augmentation of professional strength and academic performance. Language has become more error-free during the practices through technological devices and applications of apps in sessions by language instructors. The study reveals that teachers have presented the effectiveness of the integration of technology for the elevation of de-codification and standardization of language receptions. To inculcate language materials enhances learners’ comprehension during discussions and participations. Instructors have concluded that the integration of technology assists students’ knowledge of language helping in the deconstruction of codification purportedly. Correspondingly, faculty have communicated their discernments of technology integration in EFL classrooms to capitalize on its substantial application for enhancing receptive domains. This research has clarified that integration of technology has become lucrative to instigate effectively learners to receive messages—minimizing misinterpretation of text. Obtaining the overall insights and observations of teachers have identified the optimistic implication of integrating technology for instructional applications and enhancement of receptive skills. They discussed and reflected on the constructive impacts of technology integration on EFL learners. Moreover, the researcher used two questionnaires to conduct the present study from faculty, whose perceptions and attitudes about technology integration inspiring and instigating factors influencing students in the EFL context. Data have been analyzed through SSP to know the differences between all participants’ selected options. Hence, it can be recapitulated that the augmentation of receptive skills has effectual acceleration after the integration of technology.

Climate Change-Based Speaking Instructional Material for Students at Saint Paul’s Junior Seminary: Students’ Needs Analysis

Through education, awareness of the importance of climate change as a global issue can be delivered. Aligned with the encyclical Laudato si issued by Pope Francis that mentioned climate change, the seminary as a Catholic school is expected to fulfill the Pope's call. This study aimed to determine the needs of Saint Paul's Junior Seminary students to design English speaking materials based on climate change. This study used mixed methods with ADDIE development model. The data was obtained through questionnaires and face-to-face semi-structured interviews. The participants of this research were 31 students of the 4th grade at Saint Paul’s Junior Seminary and an English teacher. The results of the needs analysis showed that: 1) students still had difficulty speaking English; 2) there were no English-speaking materials that specifically discuss climate change; 3) students needed learning resources that provide English language materials that specifically discuss climate change; 4) there should be more practice speaking English about climate change which will increase students' awareness of the environment, in line with Pope Francis' Laudato si. From these needs, it was necessary to develop English-speaking material based on climate change because of the students' inability to speak English about climate change and to increase students’ awareness of climate change.

THE CONCEPT OF “TIME” IN BASHKIR PROVERBS AND ITS EQUIVALENTS-PROVERBS IN RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH LANGUAGES

The article deals with the problem of similarity of paroemias with the concept of "time" on the material of Bashkir, English and Russian languages. The corpus of semantically equivalent proverbs in the languages under consideration is studied and the typology of interlanguage correspondences is determined. The studied topic of comparing proverbs in the analyzed languages is of considerable interest to linguists, folklorists and culturologists. The problem of the common and the special in the paroemias of different structured languages will determine aspects for further research on the issues of comparing proverbs. The categorization of the concept of "time" (its value, consequence, transience, loss, past, present and future) forms the semantic space and structure of the proverbial picture of the world. The value of human life in time and space is reflected in the paremic phrases and emphasizes the ethnocultural peculiarity of the Bashkir people. The identification of semantic parallels in three languages has practical significance in preserving cultural traditions revealing the national linguistic picture of the world and caring for the value of time.

Reflection of the concept of “SUPERSTITIONS” in the linguistic picture of the world of the Spanish, French, British, Americans and Russians

The article is devoted to studying the specifics of implementation of the concept «SUPERSTITIONS», which is an integral part of the national and cultural identity of any ethnic group, in Spanish, French, British, American and Russian linguocultures in the modern period. The analysis of the language material shows that this phenomenon is widespread in modern Spanish, French, English and Russian. The main function of superstitions - prognostic, predictive - is manifested both at the national and international level. The article examines the content of superstitious views of Spanish, French, British, Americans and Russians, analyzing ways and means for representing the concept of «SUPERSTITIONS» in the linguistic cultures, and highlights the common and distinctive features of this concept in the Spanish, French, British, American and Russian language pictures of the world. The authors of the research used methods such as theoretical literature review, comparative analysis, continuous sampling, as well as observation and generalization. The novelty of the research is to carry out comparative analysis of various aspects of the concept «SUPERSTITIONS» in the material of Spanish, French, English and Russian languages, as well as to identify the dynamics of functional development of this concept in Spanish, French, British, American and Russian world pictures. The study showed that although the grammatical aspects of the expression of the concept «SUPERSTITIONS» are comparable in modern Spanish, French, English and Russian languages, however, there are marked differences in the interpretation of the consequences of the same events and phenomenon in the different linguistic pictures of the world being studied. The results of the study in a practical plane can be used to solve a wide range of problems related to the characteristics of intercultural interaction of Spanish, French, British, Americans and Russians.

Reformation and Modernity: Catholic Printing in Kerala in the Nineteenth Century

In examining the religious implications of printing, there is a scholarly consensus that Protestant Christianity, rather than Catholicism, played a central role in popularising print technology by disseminating religious materials in vernacular languages. This article builds upon this widely accepted hypothesis and seeks to explore the religious aspects of print modernity in Kerala, a southern state in India. The focus of this study is on the Catholic Church’s engagement with printing and the development of Catholic print capitalism in Kerala, with a special emphasis on the nineteenth century until the 1870s. This paper investigates how the Catholic Church interacted with and mediated with the printing press as an agent of modernity, particularly in response to the flourishing Protestant missionary engagements in the region.

A Family-Centered Approach to Learning English as a Second Language: A Mixed-Methods Experimental Evaluation

We present the 2-year experimental mixed-methods findings of a two-generation English as a second language (ESL) program. This program combines a high-dosage, child-oriented curriculum for parents with Head Start for children in addition to family-based supportive services. At baseline and after 2 years, 189 Latinx and Zomi immigrant parents completed surveys while children completed skill assessments. A subset of 67 parents participated in focus groups regarding their experiences. Treatment parents reported significantly higher English writing skills and self-esteem and significantly lower language brokering and material hardship. There were no significant differences in children’s outcomes. Possible explanatory mechanisms across multiple contexts were identified in the qualitative data. Evidence is promising that a Two-Generation ESL Program improves some outcomes for parents.

Development Science E-Module Based PBL-Integrated STEM on Energy Material

This research is to develop E-module of STEM-PBL mater energy based science. The method used in development research was adapted from the RnD method with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The data collection technique was in the form of a validated questionnaire for language experts, materials, media, and teachers responses. E-module based Problem Based Learning contains five stages, namely; 1) orientation of students towards problems; 2) organizing students to learn; 3) guiding independent and group investigations; 4) develop and present the work; 5) analyze and evaluate the problem-solving process. In addition, the STEM in this e-module contains aspects of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. The results of validation were, a percentage of 96.67% for language validation, a percentage of 95.00% for material validation, and a percentage of 96.00% for media validation, both of which were classified as very valid. Based on these results, it can be concluded that E-module based on STEM-PBL is feasible to be used in learning energy Materials.