Books In Languages Research Articles

The readability of books for immersion schools

Abstract Few books are available to support reading instruction in minority language immersion programs. Since North American teachers provide children with a choice of books scaffolded in difficulty and suited to their interests, they must resort to creating or adapting their own minority language materials, networking, or spending hours online or in bookstores. A more systematic approach would be based on an interdisciplinary understanding of the concept of readability. We focus on German as a minority language in North America and examined research published in both German and English to develop a conceptual framework of readability as comprising text complexity, context, and literary aspects. Using this framework, we conceptualize a research program for investigating readability of books in minority languages. This research program would be language-specific, but adaptable to other minority languages, thereby serving as a call to action for researchers interested in the readability of books.

Kabiraj Laxman Mishra: A pioneer of Ayurveda and social welfare in Odisha

Abstract Kabiraj Laxman Mishra, a prominent figure in the field of Ayurveda in Odisha, India, dedicated his life to serving patients from low socio-economic backgrounds throughout the region. Born in January 1900 into a Brahmin family, he received his foundational education at Satyabadi Vana Vidyalaya, renowned for its emphasis on moral values and formal learning. He subsequently graduated from Ravenshaw College in Cuttack and began his career in the police department during British rule in Odisha. However, his profound passion for Ayurveda and his fascination with the healing properties of herbs used by tribal communities inspired him to explore and promote traditional herbal medicine for the benefit of ordinary individuals. After retiring from government service, Mishra authored several books in the Odia language addressing various ailments and their Ayurvedic remedies. He established his pharmacy to prepare medicines based on his extensive experience and tested herbal combinations. His legacy continues through his son, the late Kabiraj Ganesh Mishra, and his wife, Dr. Smt. Sailabala Devi, who currently provides treatment at their residence in Puri. In addition to his contributions to Ayurveda, Kabiraj Laxman Mishra played a significant administrative role within the Temple Administration of the Sri Jagannath Temple in Puri. He served as the President of the Governing Body Council of Gopabandhu Ayurveda Mahavidyalaya and as Chairperson of the Governing Body Council of Samanta Chandra Sekhar College of Puri. In recognition of his impactful work, he was awarded the title of Ayurveda Siromani in 1987 by the Nikhila Utkala Ayurveda Baidya Sammilani. A committed social worker, Mishra also organized free medical camps to provide essential healthcare services to individuals from low socio-economic backgrounds.

Exploring the Foreign Language Book Borrowing Habits of University Instructors and Prospective Teachers (2012–2022)

Understanding the widespread adoption of foreign language books (FLBs) is imperative for language learners and educators, as it facilitates evaluating the efficacy and caliber of language resources. Using MARC-based bibliography analysis, the researcher uncovers publishing and subject information of popular FLBs and utilizes survival analysis to calculate the FLBs’ survival index. After conducting factor analysis, the researcher applies linear regression prediction and Bayesian estimation to determine the total number of FLB borrowings and borrowers. The borrowing index of FLBs collected in the past five years surpasses that of books collected for more than five years, and staff members demonstrate higher borrowing activity compared to undergraduate students, postgraduate students, and other readers. Acceptance emerges as the most critical factor influencing the total number of FLB borrowings and borrowers, cultural dominance has a relatively minor impact, and personal background is found to be less negatively influential. The estimates of the total number of FLB borrowers indicate that acceptance is constrained by personal background, which is restricted by cultural dominance.

Reading and Writing Research Based on Surname Group

This study examines the influence of surname on academic performance in higher education. It includes an in-depth analysis of comprehensive book circulation data from the library of Nanjing Normal University, covering the period from 2012 to 2023. The study uses Kendall coefficients to assess the consistency in book circulation and renewal among the top 300 surnames of readers, employs multidimensional scaling analysis to identify differences or similarities between categorical variables through direct distance assessment, uses chi-square tests to measure the correlation between surnames above and below the mean line and various categorical variables, and conducts survival analysis to examine circulation activities related to the top 300 surnames. Results are interpreted in the context of female-dominated education and teacher preparation. The results reveal a consistent pattern in the 12-year borrowing and renewal habits of the top 300 surnames of readers. A hierachical mismatch between the reader, book category, and author reflects complex reading interests beyond academic authority. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, readers with surnames above the average have shown less interest in using the book renewal service. The borrowing and renewal activity for the disappeared surnames changed within two years for foreign language books and six years for Chinese books.

La literatura en los manuales de ELE: una propuesta para su análisis

Literature is one of the most valuable teaching resources for language learning. Particularly, teaching ELE permit entire traineeship to Spanish student as a foreign language. It is possible in all skills trainees must achieve and improve. Especially, throughout associated with intercultural competence. In fact, for many years, literature has been part of foreign language books. Consequently, it is essential to review all the topics which book publishers select and incorporated in different ways, both from a qualitative and quantitative point of view. Therefore, the research aim focuses on analyzing literature´s role at ELE to assess aspects such as the place they are located, their integration in the thematic unit, the type of content, the origin of the authors and their genre. In this way, it will be possible to offer a template for the analysis of manuals. After its application on textbooks, it has been verified using texts and literature contents in general becomes irregular, even more so in the elements referring to the origin and gender of the authors. Therefore, results confirm the initial working hypothesis regarding; literature value as a cultural transmission factor, also beliefs at the time where textbooks were made.

Localisation as Sociocultural Adaptation of Modern Design of Visual Communications

The aim of the article is to ground and formulate the definition of the term “localisation” in design using the example of visual communications. Results. A review of definitions and interpretations of localisation in different scientific and industrial spheres highlights that the term has different semantic meanings. In the sphere of visual communications, the concept appeared in web design, programming interfaces of programmes and games in the context of language, as well as technical, normative (State Standards) and legal parameters. Nowadays, the use of the term has expanded to the majority of graphic design, branding and marketing product. Its content is associated with sociocultural characteristics of the target groups. Interviews conducted with experts in the re-publishing and redesign of English-language books in the Ukrainian language, advertising communications, curatorship in mural placement and social poster display confirm the relevance of the content and design adчaptation to the specifics of target groups. Localisation in design is defined as a strategy in increasing the functional and communicative efficiency of the project through the adaptation of the content and design to the specifics of sociocultural, legislative, technological, geographical and historical conditions of its use within the country, region, etc. Scientific novelty. For the first time in the theory of design, the term “localisation” is grounded and introduced (using the example of visual communications); the specifics of using the concept of “local” in the context of consideration of these phenomena are clarified; the results of interviews of Ukrainian experts with experience in the localisation of visual communications are presented; the necessity in sociocultural adaptation of the content and design of visual communications to the requests of target groups is emphasised. Conclusions. In conditions of globalisation, the significance of localisation of visual communication projects is increasing. Its implementation requires immersion in the local culture and/or close contact with their representatives during the design process. However, the most effective localisation can be carried out directly by a representative of the target group as a carrier of its local culture.

Bird Words in Arabic, Lineage Structures as an Example

This research is entitled (Bird Words in Arabic, Genealogical Structures as a Model) and it is an attempt to examine the relationship between bird words and the meaning of the structures of those words. I counted the words that indicate the names of those birds that have genetic structures, through searching in dictionaries and language books to study the word semantically and traced The meaning of the construction of the word and linked its morphological meaning to the lexical meaning, relying thus on the eye dictionary and language standards, the custom and the etymological dictionary underlying the words of the Holy Qur’an, and the words were decided according to the morphological structures and lineage structures.

Medical education in Hindi and indigenous languages in India: Issues and challenges.

In October 2022, the launch of first year MBBS books in Hindi language in the state of Madhya Pradesh in India kick started the debate on the introduction of Hindi/local language in medical education, which is currently being imparted in English. Opinions have been divided among the supporters of Hindi and local languages as well as opponents of this move. However, several issues need to be addressed before wider implementation of the policy of imparting medical education in Hindi/local languages. Right from infrastructure, human resource, economic impact, academic impact, international effects to legal issues have to be kept in mind and stakeholders must discuss these before implementation. A subsequent reversal of this policy, either through executive orders or judicial intervention, could lead to irreparable loss to students enrolled and trained in Hindi/local language.

The hidden lessons in textbooks: Gender representation and stereotypes in European mathematics and language books

AbstractThis cross‐national European comparison examined gender representation and stereotypes in mathematics and language textbooks from Germany, Italy, Lithuania, the Netherlands and Romania. The results showed that female characters were numerically underrepresented. Female characters were also less often a main character or individually portrayed compared to male characters, but not proportionally to the overall lower number of female characters. Characters in occupational roles were less often female than male, whereas among characters with gender non‐conform characteristics, these were more often female than male in some textbooks. There was no sexual diversity among characters. The differences in gender representation are found within each country, but gender differences were smaller in more gender‐egalitarian countries. If textbooks are to offer the same learning benefits to both boys and girls, students should be equally represented in a diversity of roles and occupations.

Supporting and Inhibiting Factors in the Development of Indonesian Language with the Integration of Islamic Education Values

This study explores the development of Indonesian language teaching materials integrated with Islamic Education (PAI) values for Grade XI students at SMA Terpadu Bustanul Arifin Bener Meriah, during the 2024-2025 academic year. The research employs a Research and Development (R&D) methodology, focusing on identifying the supporting and inhibiting factors in this integration. Key supporting factors include the availability of Indonesian language books published by Kemendiknas and strong support from Indonesian language and PAI teachers. Inhibiting factors include the absence of National Instructors (IN) for the Indonesian language subject in Situbondo Regency, limited creativity and design skills in the developed materials, inadequate IT proficiency among teachers, and time constraints. The study concludes that while the initiative shows promise, addressing these challenges is critical to ensuring the successful integration of PAI values into the curriculum. This integration aims to enhance not only linguistic skills but also the moral and spiritual development of students, aligning with the broader educational objectives of the 2013 curriculum.

Replenishing of library fonds of Ukraine with publications from projects of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine: "Ukrainian scientific books in foreign languages", "Scientific translations" and "Science for all"

Replenishing of library fonds of Ukraine with publications from projects of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine: "Ukrainian scientific books in foreign languages", "Scientific translations" and "Science for all"

TOLKAPPIA MEIPADUGAL IN KANNADASAN'S YESU KAVIYAM

The Jesus epic composed by the poet Kannadasan is considered one of the most significant texts in the epic genre of the ancient Tamil language. This book is an epic that is written in a manner that is accessible and comprehensible to individuals of all social strata. The poet has composed a poetic rendition of Jesus' complete life story. This research aims to explore the performance of songs as dance with the support of the meipadugal in Tolkappiyam, the first grammar book of the Tamil language. This research was conducted to assist dancers in enhancing their performance of a certain dance by emphasizing the background and character of the song.

一般論文] 한성도서주식회사의 출판활동과 식민지 책시장의 역학

This article is an attempt to consider how much freedom of publishing the colonial publishing organization was able to have under the structural pressure exerted by the colonial book market. For this purpose, this article focused on Hanseongdoseo Co., Ltd. Hansungdoseo Co., Ltd. was the first publishing organization founded as a corporate organization. However, the structural pressure on the book market gradually increased due to various external factors such as the censorship of the Japanese Government-General of Korea, the disallowance of reservation publishing, imperialism of knowledge culture, material shortages, and the policy of eradicating the Korean language. The literary centralism of Chosun language books, which reached its peak in the late 1930s, was the result. Hansungdoseo Co., Ltd. was also not free from that pressure. However, Hansungdoseo Co., Ltd. tried to adhere to its own consistent publishing policy. In short, the uniqueness of Hanseongdoseo Co., Ltd.’s publishing activities, and furthermore, the freedom of publishing pursued by the colonial publishing organization, must first be found in the fact that literature was not completely brought to the fore during the period of literary centralism of Chosun language books.

On the Provenance of the Nine Extant Copies of the Freeska Landriucht [1484–1486

Abstract This article offers provenance details of the nine extant copies of the first printed book in the Frisian language, the incunable Freeska Landriucht [1484–1486]. It evaluates previous literature on the subject and contains results from archival research as well as codicological and paleographical analyses. A pattern in the profiles of the first known owners of the major part of the copies emerges: They were Frisian men of a relatively high social status – from both secular and clerical background – with legal tasks.

Unveiling Translation's Role in Soft Power: The Case of the TEDA Project

Literary translation has been one of the most intriguing fields of study in terms of translation studies. Like other forms of translation, it encompasses not only linguistic transfer but also cultural transfer. Considering that cultural elements and literary features are prominent in literary texts, it is no surprise that literary translation gained significant ground in translation research. Despite the challenges faced in the process of literary translation, its contributions to literature, readers, and intercultural understanding outweigh. Apart from these, translation's role in fostering a country's soft power should not be underestimated. As a resource reflecting a nation's culture with abundant cultural elements, literary translation is one of the most substantial domains of translation that can have a pivotal role in soft power. In parallel with all these contributions of translation, the promotion of literature through translation on a global scale comes into prominence. Promoting literature belonging to less prevalent languages is even more crucial as the authors of such literature need to show more effort to make their voices heard in broader geographies. To fulfill this goal, translation projects that provide such an opportunity for authors play a significant role. From this point of view, this study aims to present a clear framework of literary works translated from Turkish literature into Spanish language within the scope of TEDA project funded by the Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism. The literary works translated into Spanish are presented based on elements such as the authors, translators, publishing houses, literary genres, countries, years, and titles of the books in the source language and target language. The results reveal that there is a remarkable amount of effort to make Turkish literature recognized in Spanish-speaking regions; however, there is still a long way to go as the number of translations and diversification in terms of authors, translators, and literary genres are still limited and translations of the book titles sometimes could not avoid stereotypes about Turkish culture.

The Zaghawa Ethnic Group of Sudan and Chad: Clans and Traditional Nobility

The presented article highlights the issues of the history of the Zaghawa people in Sudan and Chad, as well as major social structures and various clans that make up this ethnic group. Research on Zaghawa clans and their history is still rare in Russia, while the importance and influence of this group on public and political life are becoming more and more noticeable. A significant difficulty in determining the hierarchy of major Zaghawa factions is the identification of the “original” clans, as distinct from the clans which are treated as not having a common origin with the Zaghawa. Moreover, the ethnonyms that are used by different neighbours to designate the Zaghawa are problematic, since the designation of this people by other communities in Sudan and Chad can be contradictory and vague. The Zaghawa clans have their own historical traditions and concepts of clan hierarchy. While preparing the present work, the authors scrutinized research papers and books in multiple languages (including Arabic), as well as the first-hand data obtained during interviews with with the representatives of several Zaghawa clans.

Intersectional race-gender stereotypes in natural language.

How are Asian and Black men and women stereotyped? Research from the gendered race and stereotype content perspectives has produced mixed empirical findings. Using BERT models pre-trained on English language books, news articles, Wikipedia, Reddit and Twitter, with a new method for measuring propositions in natural language (the Fill-Mask Association Test, FMAT), we explored the gender (masculinity-femininity), physical strength, warmth and competence contents of stereotypes about Asian and Black men and women. We find that Asian men (but not women) are stereotyped as less masculine and less moral/trustworthy than Black men. Compared to Black men and Black women, respectively, both Asian men and Asian women are stereotyped as less muscular/athletic and less assertive/dominant, but more sociable/friendly and more capable/intelligent. These findings suggest that Asian and Black stereotypes in natural language have multifaceted contents and gender nuances, requiring a balanced view integrating the gender schema theory and the stereotype content model. Exploring their semantic representations as propositions in large language models, this research reveals how intersectional race-gender stereotypes are naturally expressed in real life.

Language, Gender Bias and Identity in Arabic Language Learning

This research aims to determine the relationship between language, gender bias and identity in Arabic language learning. Language and gender cannot be separated in a context, as aspects of language, including structure, word use, and communication conventions, can play a role in forming and reproducing gender norms, including in Arabic language learning. This research method uses library research with a qualitative approach. The data that will be presented is descriptive and analytical by paying attention to the characteristics of data sourced from articles, journals, books and related discussion topics. The results of this research show that in Arabic language learning there is still an unequal gender overlap in the context of texts which are exemplified by the dominance of muzakkar rather than muannats contained in the MTs Arabic language book Class VII Print -1 of 2020. Meanwhile, language and gender must have balance and Language equality is not only a means of communication, but also a reflection of social norms and structures, especially in learning, so that there is no gender image in the learning process.

Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis pada Buku Bahasa Indonesia Kelas X Sekolah Penggerak dan SMK Pusat Keunggulan

Critical thinking has become a discussion in education as a skill that must be possessed by students so that learning activities properly direct assignment activities and questions that lead to critical thinking skills. Then in this study the aim was to describe the results of the analysis and evaluation of critical thinking in class X Indonesian books used in Sekolah Penggerak dan SMK Pusat Keunggulan. The research method used was content analysis supported by statistic descriptions. The instrument used is a critical thinking activity framework in language learning developed by Ilyas. Based on the results of the analysis, out of 220 assignment activities and questions, there were 137 (62.27%) activities that lead to critical thinking skills, consisting of requests (13.64%); exploring assumptions (14.09%); exploring reasons and proof (13.64%); exploring point of view or perspective (5.45%); exploring impacts, consequences, and alternatives (5.91%); formulate questions (0.91%); predict (0.91%); express agreement and disagreement (3.18%); and summarizing and concluding (4.55%). Based on the proportion of instructions or assignments, this Indonesian language book is sufficient to contain instructions for improving critical thinking skills. However, it takes the teacher's ability to direct learning so that the goal of increasing critical thinking can be developed.

Эволюция роли библиотеки в контексте сохранения национальных языков

<p>The article is devoted to the analysis of the role of the library institution in the preservation, dissemination and development of national languages. The author attempted a retrospective, comparative, axiological analysis of changes in the image of the library in accordance with the cultural characteristics of different eras. The main attention was aimed at identifying the linguistic and cultural features of library texts. It has been revealed and substantiated that in the ancient East the library served as a sacralized archive of texts mainly in the ancient Sumerian and Assyrian languages. Linguistic texts of ancient Eastern libraries connected sacred meanings and everyday life. In antiquity, lively dialogue and the dialectical development of thought came to the fore, so the library became a place for debate. The libraries of Alexandria, Pergamon, and private collections contained scrolls in different languages, but many of them were professionally translated into Greek. In medieval culture, the library became a library of one book, the Bible, which was copied in Greek and Latin. In the late Middle Ages, books in vernacular languages appeared in libraries, which contributed to the development of the latter. In modern times, the library becomes a way of education and mass dissemination of national literary languages. In the information age, the library acquires the global features of a «universal library»; the boundaries of the virtual and real space of the library are erased. A modern library acquires many functions: it provides information to users, is a place for holding various educational events, and educational games. In modern Russia, the library institution plays a huge role in preserving the languages of the small peoples of our country. Thus, libraries in all eras play an important role in the formation, preservation, dissemination and development of national languages.</p>