Landing Doors Research Articles

Developing elevator landing door safety retainers capable of withstanding 1,000 J using numerical simulation and experimental verification

ABSTRACT Current elevator landing door safety retainers are able to prevent fall accidents from an inadvertent bump against the door, as they are designed to endure a kinetic energy of 450 J. However, the recent increase in fall accidents among people in electric wheelchairs indicates that retainers are required to sustain stronger external shocks to prevent fall accidents against elevator landing doors. The purpose of this study is to develop elevator landing door safety retainers capable of enduring 1,000 J to prevent fall accidents of electric wheelchairs at the landing doors of elevators. In this study, crash analysis simulations were conducted after designing new scenarios that are not stated in the current regulations, considering the collision behavior of an electric wheelchair against an elevator landing door. The side hook was confirmed to play an important role in withstanding a collisional energy of 1,000 J. Crash analysis yielded different results according to the shape of the guide shoe. The analysis simulations were verified by performing experiments on various established scenarios. This study also confirmed the reliability of the developed safety retainers by implementing more realistic experiments on the crash of electric wheelchairs instead of the impactor proposed in the current regulations.

Research on the device for measuring the engagement depth of bottom guide of landing door

A large number of elevator safety accidents occur at the landing door. The bottom guide of landing door has the function of fixing the landing door and guiding. The previous measurement of the engagement depth of the bottom guide of landing door has drawbacks and the measurement accuracy is low. The insufficient engagement depth of the bottom guide of landing door will affect the strength of the landing door.In order to improve the measurement accuracy of the engagement depth of the bottom guide of landing door, this paper proposes a device for measuring the engagement depth of the bottom guide of landing door, analyzes its structure and working principle, and measures the engagement depth of the bottom guide of landing door through direct measurement and indirect measurement.Through the measurement and numerical analysis of the engagement depth of the bottom guide of landing door by the steel tape, inclined feeler gauge and the device for measuring the engagement depth of bottom guide of landing door, it is concluded that the measurement accuracy of the device for measuring the engagement depth of bottom guide of landing door can be improved compared with the steel tape and inclined feeler gauge.

The Extraction of Product Assembly Feature Information for Intelligent Assembly Sequence Planning

The assembly feature information contained in the CAD model of the product is an important basis for the generation of intelligent assembly sequence. Taking the assembly model of the product as the research object, the research on the acquisition of assembly feature information of the product by intelligent assembly sequence planning is proposed in this paper. Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 and SolidWorks API are used as implementation means to access the internal data of the product CAD model and realize the extraction of the hierarchical information, mating relation and mating line and surface assembly features of the assembly model. An application example of product assembly feature information extraction for the locking device of an elevator landing door shows that the established method of acquiring product assembly feature information is effective and provides a theoretical and technical basis for the establishment of product design and assembly sequence planning knowledge base.

Mechanical strength analysis of lift steel landing doors based on statistical methods

The landing doors are quite important to the safety of the passengers during waiting and using lifts. In order to know the safety situation of the lift landing doors after China’s new regulations issued, the type test results of 647 landing door samples are summarized and analysed, including thickness analysis, static strength test analysis and impact test analysis. The result shows that the maximum elastic deformation can be fitted to have proportional relationship with the applied force, and the protrusion clearance into well after impact test of 89% doors are below half of the given limit in regulations.

Modelling pedestrian merging in stair evacuation in multi-purpose buildings

Despite the total evacuation time of occupants in a multi-storey building not being affected by pedestrian merging on stairs, the calculation of evacuation times in each individual floor depends on the pedestrian merging ratio. In fact, different merging ratios may cause an evacuation to take place from the top to the bottom or vice versa. A simplified simulation model for the calculation of evacuation time at each floor is presented here. This model allows the investigation of the impact of two main variables affecting the evacuation time at each floor, namely 1) different initial numbers of pedestrians at each floor (i.e. occupant load), and 2) different merging ratios at each floor. This means that the model allows the calculation of the evacuation time at each floor considering a building with different occupancy types at different floors (e.g. office, residential, commercial, etc.) and different merging ratios which may be caused by a different configuration of the landing door at each floor. The model is presented in this paper using a case study of a hypothetical building. A detailed discussion on the model assumptions, advantages and limitations is also provided.

An analysis of the design of a fire-resistant elevator landing door

This study first conducts fire resistance tests on the elevator door, then acquires the deflection data. The data are used as the basis for the subsequent simulation verification and analysis. Moreover, the finite element analysis software ANSYS is adopted to simulate and further analyzes the fire resistance of the elevator landing door. The variations in the structural strength of the elevator landing door under a high-temperature fire are discussed. An influence analysis of the fire performance of the elevator landing door is then performed by varying different parameters, including the landing door thickness and the reinforcement attributes. The quantitative data are expected to provide a reference for the design of fire-resistant elevator landing doors.

Full-Scale Fire Tests to Study Fire Behaviors of Elevator Landing Doors

Full-Scale Fire Tests to Study Fire Behaviors of Elevator Landing Doors

Equipment

The recent installation of a Hymo goods lift within the Birmingham premises of Postans Paints Ltd. is said to have provided an economical solution to the normally expensive business of providing a “flame‐proof” lift unit. This has been achieved by locating the lift's main power source within a safe area and utilising pneumatic control functions on both the lift and the inter‐locked landing doors.