Landfill Operation Research Articles

AI-Powered waste management: Predictive modeling for sustainable landfill operations

AI-Powered waste management: Predictive modeling for sustainable landfill operations

Biotechnological Approaches for Metal Recovery from Electronic Wastes.

The disposal of electronic waste (EW) in open landfills has caused several toxic environmental effects. The harmful metallic components released in the environment due to deposition of EW act as hazards for living systems. EW management has been widely studied in recent days across the world. Though, several processes are implemented in extraction, recycling and recovery of heavy metals from the EW, most of them are not effective in recovering the precious metals. Various chemical processes are executed for efficient extraction of precious metals from e-wastes. Though the techniques are easy to process and rapid, however, the chemical leaching also has detrimental environmental consequences. Biological approaches, on the other hand, solves the purpose for efficient and environmentally friendly recovery of precious metals. Thus, both resource recovery as well as remediation can be targeted simultaneously. Biotechnological methods offer sustainable and efficient solutions for metal recovery from electronic wastes, presenting a viable alternative to traditional methods. Continued advancements in this field hold significant promise for addressing the growing e-waste challenge.

Influencing factors of bentonite for the directional electric repair of landfill HDPE membrane leakage in calcium ion solution

The timely repair of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) membrane leakage in landfills is an important means of environmental risk control, which is critical for preventing leachate from polluting groundwater and soil. Electric repair technology is expected to become a hot spot in the leakage repair of HDPE films, because it can solve the issues of complex operation, high costs, and security risks during the operation and closure of landfills. To explore the influence law of various technical factors on the electric repair process, we carried out single factor experiments on the main influencing factors such as the operation time, bentonite concentration and dispersant/bentonite dosage ratio, leakage size, and calcium concentration. We then explored the best technological conditions. The results showed that accumulation at the leakage site possessed a good repair effect with a permeability coefficient of 4.22 × 10−6 cm/s. Furthermore, we observed that the Zeta potential played an important role in the electric repair technology, where the higher the absolute value of the Zeta potential, the faster the electrophoretic migration rate of the bentonite particles, and the lower the permeability coefficient of accumulation. This study may serve as a theoretical basis and offer scientific guidance for the directional electric repair of HDPE membrane leakage during the operating period and after the closure of landfills.

Detecting and sourcing GHGs and atmospheric trace gases in a municipal waste treatment plant using coupled chemistry and isotope compositions

Landfill operations and waste processing facilities are important and highly heterogeneous sources of both greenhouse gases (GHGs) and non-GHG air pollutants in the atmosphere. This arises the need for detailed apportionment of waste sources in order to locate and subsequently reduce emissions from landfills. Here, a time series of in situ measurements of atmospheric trace gases and spatial allocation of specific emission source types under different processing phases and environmental conditions were conducted in and in the surroundings of a Municipal Solid Waste Treatment Plant (MSWTP) in south-western Poland. Results revealed that several individual GHG sources dominated across the waste processing facility and that GHGs concentrations displayed spatial seasonality. An increase in the ground-level CH4 concentrations, from ∼ 30.3 to 56.3 ppmv, was observed close (∼5 – 10 m) to the major emission sources within the MSWTP. While hotspot areas generally yielded elevated CH4 concentrations near the soil surface, these were relatively low (2.4 to 8.9 ppmv) along the facility’s fence line. The study of the corresponding δ13C delineated the extent of dispersion plumes downwind emission hotspots, characterized by a 13C depletion (around 4.0 ‰) in the atmospheric CH4 and CO2. For CH4, emissions were isotopically discriminated between the extraction wells at active quarters/cells (δ13C = –58.3 ± 1.1 ‰) and biogas produced in the biological waste treatment installation (δ13C = –62.7 ± 0.7 ‰). Most of the trace compounds (non-methane hydrocarbons, halocarbons, oxygen-bearing organic gases, ketones, nitrogenous and sulphurous gases, and other admixture compounds) detected at the ground surface were linked to the CH4- and CO2-rich spots. Despite the relatively high variability in the concentrations of organic and inorganic compounds observed at the MSWTP active zones, our results suggest that they do not have a meaningful impact on the surrounding air quality.

Alteration and progressive degradation of plastic waste in a polish operational landfill analysed over 60 years

Polyethylene (PE) plastic waste poses an environmental challenge. To explore degradation processes over an extended period, a 60-year study was conducted at an operational landfill in Poland. This landfill, in use since 1960, offers a unique chronological representation of degradation potential due to distinct layering of waste without mixing. Employing analytical techniques, such as Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and fluorescence microscopy, plastic waste samples were examined over decades. FTIR identified and characterized the samples, revealing traces of degradation. DSC indicated reduced crystallinity, implying diminished chemical stability. SEM showcased plastic fragment liberation, confirming degradation. Fluorescence microscopy and SEM confirmed microorganisms’ involvement, forming colonies around areas of strong delamination. The study provides insights into plastic waste dynamics, emphasizing microorganisms and hydrolytic processes in landfills. This contributes to understanding over 60 years period and underscores the need for waste management to handle plastic pollution effectively.

Comparing roles of multiple contamination indicators in tracing groundwater pollution nearby a typical municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill

Groundwater pollution resulting from leachate leakage at landfill sites has garnered significant attention. Investigating the migration of pollutants from these landfills to adjacent groundwater is crucial for understanding the diffusion patterns and extent of contamination. It is imperative to develop cost-effective yet highly efficient tracer techniques to aid landfill operators in monitoring groundwater contamination stemming from their operations. The primary objective of this research was to compare the roles of conservative tracers sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl−), and conventional pollutants permanganate oxidation (CODMn), ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in assessing pollution levels from municipal solid waste landfills to groundwater. For this purpose, a typical municipal solid landfill was selected to investigate the origin of Cl−, groundwater quality, and spatiotemporal variations of multiple contaminations. Geochemistry analyses revealed that Na–Cl and Ca–HCO3 were the dominant groundwater type in this study and landfill was the primary source of Cl− in groundwater, with an average contribution of 78 %. Groundwater in proximity to the landfill (5#, 2#, 22#, 23#) exhibited elevated concentrations of Na+ (15.6–914.0 mg/L), Cl− (8.9–1352.0 mg/L), CODMn (0.54–95.9 mg/L), and NH4+-N (0.33–49.0 mg/L), yet demonstrated reduced levels of Pb (0.2–391.0 μg/L) and Zn (2.0–112.8 μg/L). In contrast, groundwater located at a considerable distance from the landfill (13#, 18#, 15#, 26#) displayed the inverse trend, with relatively low concentration of Na+ (3.2–8.5 mg/L), Cl− (0.1–0.7 mg/L), CODMn (0.28–4.78 mg/L), and NH4+-N (0.03–0.52 mg/L), but increased levels of Pb (1.2–483.0 μg/L) and Zn (1.6–357.0 μg/L). The primary determinant of groundwater quality near the landfill was NH4+-N, with the highest pollution index (Pi) of 492.85, whereas Pb was the predominant factor affecting water quality in areas distant from the landfill, with the highest pollution index (Pi) of 10.9. While no discernible seasonal variation was detected for all pollutants, spatial variation can be observed that pollution levels decreased progressively with increasing distance from the landfill, a trend particularly corroborated by the conservative Cl− and Na+ measurements. This research suggests that conservative ions, such as Cl− and Na+, exhibit superior efficacy in tracing the pollution range from municipal solid landfills to groundwater. Therefore, monitoring these conservative ions in groundwater can yield a more precise understanding of the extent of groundwater contamination originated from landfills.

Supply Chain Analysis of Municipal Solid Waste Released in Hetauda Sub-Metropolitan City of Nepal

In Nepal, solid waste management is one of the major environmental issues, especially in the urban areas. While solid waste management (SWM) has become a major concern for municipalities and the country as a whole, the status of SWM is not fully understood due to the lack of SWM baseline data, which are also essential for effective planning. Such a back drop, this research attempts to assess the plastic waste released, management and recycling in supply chain in Hetauda Sub-Metropolitan City. This study revealed that about 83.8% households segregate their waste. None of the surveyed households have had public waste collection bin nearby their home whereas all households have had knowledge on solid waste management. About 63% HHs heard of importance of plastic waste recycling and all express their readiness to segregate the plastic solid waste if recycling program is set up in municipal area. Per capita waste generation per day is 141 gm out of which about 15% is plastic waste. On an average daily waste released at household level are 0.8 kg/HH which is 28.1 kg per institution. Total wastes release per day from Hetauda city is 27.4 MT and 10006.8 MT per year. About 931 MT plastic per year are gone in dumping sites in the Hetauda Sub-Metropolitan City. This study suggests that municipal office needs to develop an appropriate policy and strategy framework together with technical guidelines on key issues such as organic composting, recycling and landfill operation from dumping sites. Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 11, Issue-3: 34-42.

A Review of Grease Trap Waste Management in the US and the Upcycle as Feedstocks for Alternative Diesel Fuels

As byproducts generated by commercial and domestic food-related processes, FOGs (fats, oils, and grease) are the leading cause of sewer pipe blockages in the US and around the world. Grease trap waste (GTW) is a subcategory of FOG currently disposed of as waste, resulting in an economic burden for GTW generators and handlers. This presents a global need for both resource conservation and carbon footprint reduction, particularly through increased waste upcycling. Therefore, it is critical to better understand current GTW handling practices in the context of the urban food–energy–water cycle. This can be accomplished with firsthand data collection, such as onsite visits, phone discussions, and targeted questionnaires. GTW disposal methods were found to be regional and correspond to key geographical locations, with landfill operations mostly practiced in the Midwest regions, incineration mainly in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic regions, and digestion mainly in the West of the US. Select GTW samples were analyzed to evaluate their potential reuse as low-cost feedstocks for biodiesel or renewable diesel, which are alternatives to petroleum diesel fuels. Various GTW lipid extraction technologies have been reviewed, and more studies were found on converting GTW into biodiesel rather than renewable diesel. The challenges for these two pathways are the high sulfur content in biodiesel and the metal contents in renewable diesel, respectively. GTW lipid extraction technologies should overcome these issues while producing minimum-viable products with higher market values.

Unveiling the NIMBY effect in construction and demolition waste landfilling: Factors, paths, and solutions

The construction and operation of the construction and demolition waste (C&DW) landfills often encounter significant opposition from nearby residents, which is called the “not in my backyard” (NIMBY) effect. However, little is known about the formation mechanism of the NIMBY effect in C&DW landfilling, so this research was conducted for this purpose. First, the influencing factors leading to the NIMBY effect were determined based on a literature review and questionnaire survey. Then, the interrelationship and influencing path of critical factors were revealed using expert interviews and Interpretative Structural Modelling. The results shown that 12 factors from four levels (including residents, society, government, and enterprises) caused the NIMBY effect in C&DW landfilling. These factors formed a complex network comprising 18 influencing paths. Notably, policy and responding measures as pivotal bottom-level factors that trigger the NIMBY effect by indirectly impacting residents' rights awareness and shaping public perception towards C&DW landfill operation enterprises through directly affecting personal interest, cognitive bias, distrust, disposal technology, management level, opinion leader, and other intermediate factors, ultimately triggering the NIMBY effect. Moreover, strategies for mitigating or resolving the NIMBY effect were proposed, such as protecting personal reasonable interests, understanding the potential risks of C&DW landfills rationally, reporting the C&DW landfills from an objective perspective, improving policies and promoting public participation, and enhancing supervision of the C&DW landfills. The study added new knowledge to the current public's NIMBY effect in C&DW landfilling. Meanwhile, it also provided a reference for formulating C&DW landfilling policies and selecting landfill sites.

Illegal waste dumping in the Slovak Republic

The paper aims to outline the legal aspects of illegal waste dumping in the Slovak Republic. It presents some factual information on the issue and the legal regulations governing waste management, landfill operations, and illegal waste disposal. The analysis includes suggestions for improving legal regulations, specifically focusing on identifying those responsible for illegal waste disposal and determining who is obligated to remove the waste legally. It also discusses the administrative and criminal penalties for illegal waste dumping.

Laboratory investigation and prediction of permeability of fresh to five-year-old municipal solid wastes of low and high food contents

The permeability of municipal solid wastes (MSWs) is important for the design and operation of landfills. This study presented the experimental investigation of the permeability of low food content- (LF-) and high food content- (HF-) MSWs prepared in laboratory-scale bioreactors for up to 5 years. The permeability of MSWs with diverse degrees of decomposition (DOBs), void ratios, and permeation liquids was measured (288 tests). The measured permeability was compared to that predicted from the (modified) Kozeny-Carman (K-C) equations in four different forms. The results indicated that the permeability of both LF- and HF-MSWs decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with decomposition under a given void ratio. The predicted permeability using the original K-C equation fitted well with that of fresh MSWs. The permeability of decomposed MSWs was closer to the predicted results using the modified K-C equation with the effective void ratio. This can be attributed to the increase in the fine fractions due to degradation. The reduction in the effective voids was more significant with HF-MSWs. The parameters required in the (modified) K-C equations showed a good correlation with DOB and effective particle size (d10). The predicted permeability based on the relationship between DOB (or d10) and equation parameters was within 3 times the difference compared to the measured values. The above results indicated that the modified K-C equation can be adopted to predict the permeability of fresh and degraded MSWs while more field-scale experiments should be conducted to further evaluate its feasibility.

Community participation in municipal solid waste management: Special reference to Gampaha municipality

Effective management of municipal solid waste is a pressing issue for numerous developing countries, including Sri Lanka. Despite efforts to implement eco-friendly waste disposal methods, many nations struggle with open landfills and unregulated dumping, causing detrimental effects on both public health and the environment. This study delves into the impact of community participation on solid waste management, with Sri Lanka serving as a case study. Urbanization and shifting consumption patterns exacerbate the challenges surrounding solid waste management. In Sri Lanka's urban areas, the absence of adequate waste management mechanisms emphasizes the necessity for active community involvement. Identifying the types and sources of solid waste is crucial for devising efficient waste management strategies. Concepts like the 3R approach (reduce, reuse, recycle) and composting play pivotal roles in sustainable waste management. Employing logistic regression analysis, the study assesses how community participation influences solid waste management. Results indicate that community involvement positively affects waste reduction, recycling, and composting efforts. However, while a considerable portion of the community actively engages in waste reduction, participation in waste reuse and recycling is limited. This highlights the significance of promoting the 3R concept and enhancing community involvement in waste management endeavors. Overall, the study underscores the instrumental role of community participation in achieving sustainable municipal solid waste management. Recommendations include prioritizing the 3R approach, investing in composting initiatives, and fostering greater community engagement in waste management practices. By adopting these strategies, municipalities can effectively address solid waste challenges while promoting environmental sustainability and public health.

Locating leaks in geomembrane-lined ponds using the electrical leak location method: Case histories

Results from seven years of electrical leak location methods applied to geomembrane-lined ponds to locate leaks are presented. Inspections were conducted on 195 projects designed with single (n = 74), double (n = 120), or triple (n = 1) liners. These projects are located in the U.S.A. (n = 159), Canada (n = 30), and Mexico (n = 11). All inspections were conducted on full ponds, which resulted in the detection and repair of 1230 leaks during the study period across an analyzed area of 322 ha. From 2015 to 2021, the average was 14 leaks/ha, with values ranging from 0 to 689 leaks/ha. The results reveal that larger inspected areas (greater than 2 ha) tend to have fewer leaks. 63% of projects had up to 5 leaks/ha. 15% of projects had more than 20 leaks/ha. The results of this study could influence landfill designers, operators, and environmental agencies in defining new practices for designing and operating geomembrane-lined ponds.

Improvement in the Adaptation and Resilience of the Green Areas of Yerevan City to Climate–Ecological Challenges

The services provided by green infrastructures may lead to a decrease in climate-related ecological, social, and health risks, especially in the urban environment. Consequently, the best guarantee to make this environment as safe as possible is to increase the extent of green areas, taking into consideration the functional importance, and climatic–ecological peculiarities of the area. These are also issues for the Republic of Armenia’s (RA) capital Yerevan. There the current conditions of the green areas of Yerevan city do not meet the expected requirements of the climatic–ecological development of urban areas. The green area per capita is 8 m2, which is unevenly distributed within 12 different administrative districts of Yerevan city. The aim of this research was to study the natural climatic and ecological conditions of Yerevan city and the status of the green areas of the city. The eco-biological indicators of the trees and shrubs growing in Yerevan green areas have been assessed, and the more resilient plant species have been singled out. All 12 administrative districts of Yerevan have been mapped and the green area per capita for each administrative district has been calculated. The received data have been combined with health indicators and suggestions have been made to add green areas in Yerevan according to the functional significance and sustainability of shrubby species and to their decorative and phyto-filtration properties. The city has unfavorable climatic conditions. It is located in the northern section of the subtropical climatic zone and has a distinct dry continental climate. Temperatures above +40 °C are typical, while winter is rather cold and sometimes temperatures may drop below −20 °C (in January 2008, it dropped to −27.6 °C). The amount of atmospheric precipitation has reduced by 9%. The city is counted as one of the driest urban areas of the South Caucasus. The other unfavorable ecological conditions are heavy traffic, the city’s open landfill, the concentration of industrial enterprises, large-scale construction works, etc. The atmospheric concentrations of particulate matter (PM), gases and heavy metals have been detected to exceed the permitted limits. In terms of health care, the death cases due to various diseases (acute respiratory, vascular, and cancer) have increased, which requires complex activities to reduce environmental pollution and to improve the microclimate.

Evaluating the landfill leachate quality using leachate pollution index (LPI) and technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS)

Variability and diversity of landfill leachate cause difficulties in assessing the actual degree of threat to the environment and selecting an appropriate method of disposal or treatment. Therefore, quantifying leachate contamination potential is essential in landfill management and could be used to assess the accuracy of landfill operation and its impact on surrounding areas. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the performance of the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method and its suitability in determining leachate pollution potential in comparison to the Leachate Pollution Index (LPI) method. For this purpose, the quality of leachate from the landfill, collected four times a year from 2004 to 2021, was analysed. The following parameters were monitored: pH, EC, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cr, and Hg. On the basis of the measured parameters, the LPI and TOPSIS indexes were calculated. The obtained results indicated that the TOPSIS method is more sensitive and accurate in observing changes in leachate quality. It can be applied to any number of contaminant parameters without restrictions on scope, quantity, or their relative importance. It can also be used to compare the variations in leachate quality over time or to analyse differences in leachate quality among various landfill sites.

Health risk assessment and characterization of PM2.5 bound bioaerosols at the municipal solid waste landfill site of Nagpur, India

Landfill being the reservoir of organic waste, serves as the most important source in the generation and emission of bioaerosols in the environment, and these bioaerosols have a significant impact on the environment and public health. In India, there are limited studies on the characterization of culturable bacteria and fungi in the bioaerosols originating from landfills. Therefore, the present study aimed to quantify and identify the bioaerosols and study their characteristics at a landfill site in Nagpur, India. The study describes the seasonal variation of PM2.5, PM2.5-associated bacteria and fungi in the landfill air, their molecular identification, antibiotic resistance, pathogenicity, dispersion and health risk assessment during winter and pre-monsoon seasons at the landfill site and surrounding residential sites in upwind and downwind directions. The study showed PM2.5 concentration was highest in the winter season (265.56 μg/m3) followed by the pre-monsoon season (173.1 μg/m3) at the landfill site. The culturable bioaerosol level was also significantly higher in winter (11056 CFU/m3) in comparison to pre-monsoon season (2244 CFU/m3) at the landfill site. Upon isolating and characterizing the microorganisms in the bioaerosols, some of the bacterial isolates, like Bacillus, Staphylococcus gallinarum, and Streptomyces speibonae were found to be resistant to chloramphenicol, netillin, nitrofurantoin, streptomycin etc. About 30% of the bacterial isolates were found to show β-hemolytic virulence activity. This indicated the presence of multi-drug resistant and potentially pathogenic bacteria in the bioaerosols over the landfill. The health risk assessment in adults indicated that the workers at the landfill site were at risk of bacterial aerosol in the winter season (hazard quotient i.e., HQ>1). The impact of bioaerosols on children needs to be investigated in the further studies and regular monitoring of bioaerosols is suggested to avoid any morbidity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the characterization of microorganisms from the bioaerosols over an open landfill site in India.

Addressing Methane Venting: Strategies and Implications on the Environment

Industrial processes, including oil and gas production, landfill operations, and agriculture, emit methane, a potent greenhouse gas. This article examined methane emissions in Rivers State's Soku, Agbada, and Oyigbo oil and gas extraction communities. The net methane emissions(mg/l) for facilities A, B, and C are 0.90, 0.28, and 1.03, respectively. The corresponding temperature rise for the host communities over the same period were 1.87 oC, 0.37 oC, and 1.16 oC, respectively. All three sites have near-neutral unstable methane dispersion using Monin-Obukhov length. This article examined new methane venting mitigation technologies and their effects on bioenergy and environmental engineering. The study analyzed existing methane venting trends in several Rivers State oil production sites and their effects on local temperature and the environment, emphasizing the necessity for adequate mitigation. This paper also examined new methane capture, use, and sequestration technologies. The article also examines methane mitigation and bioenergy industry synergies, stressing co-benefit strategies that improve sustainability and economic feasibility. Methane mitigation strategies in Rivers State increase energy efficiency, carbon footprint, and air quality, according to the paper. This study helps reduce methane emissions by providing possible alternatives and their effects on bioenergy development and environmental stewardship. Interdisciplinarity and innovation are encouraged to accelerate sustainable and resilient development.

Hydrological and geochemical properties of bottom ash landfills

In Switzerland, municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash is deposited in open landfills, which leads to its interaction with rainwater and thus the formation of a polluted leachate. This study attempts to provide a better understanding of the hydraulic and geochemical properties of bottom ash landfills by combining field and laboratory investigations. The results show that a bottom ash landfill can be described as a generally unsaturated body with several layers of different grain sizes. Three different water domains with variable hydraulic and geochemical properties were identified in the landfill: (1) zones of preferential flow, (2) a reservoir of mobile porewater, and (3) an immobile porewater reservoir. Preferential flow systems account for approximately 5–10 vol.%. The landfill layering is primarily responsible for the formation of various flow systems during heavy rainfall events. The domains and reservoirs provide variable volumetric contribution to the leachate, depending on precipitation rates and duration of dry periods. Sampling of leachate during heavy rainfall events revealed dilution effects for Na (− 59–61% compared to concentrations prior to the event), Ca (− 44–47%), Cl (− 57–77%), and SO4 (− 35–47%), while pH (+ 7–8%) and concentrations of Al (+ 368–1416%), Cu (+ 7–58%), Cr (+ 29–48%), V (+ 100–118%), and Zn (+ 289%) increased significantly. The findings of this study serve as a basis for the development of a hydrogeochemical model of a bottom ash landfill, which allows better prediction of the future evolution of leachate quality.

Study of sustainable solid waste management system of Carocok Beach Painan tourism area using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method

This study aims to assess the environmental impact and compare two scenarios of the solid waste management system of the Carocok Beach Tourism Area using the Life Cycle Assessment method. System boundaries include operational and technical aspects of waste management, the energy required, and emissions generated. The functional unit is 30.546 kg/day of waste treated. Scenario 1 is the existing conditions using a city-scale approach with a 1% reduction of waste at the source by scavengers, using a collection of motorized pedicabs, applying transportation to landfills by arm roll truck, and processing Integrated Solid Waste Treatment Plant by composting and landfilling with controlled landfill operation. Scenario 2 is the planning system with different phases of waste processing at the Recycling Center by composting and recycling with plastic chopping machines, producing handicrafts, and practices of sanitary landfill on landfilling. The impact assessment method uses the CML-IA method. The impact categories studied are Global Warming Potential (GWP), Acidification Potential (AP), and Eutrophication Potential (EP). Scenario 2 showed the best scenario because it has a smaller impact value for the three impact categories. However, to become a more sustainable management system, some improvement options recommended include a substitution of collection and vehicle fuel and waste processing using the Takakura method.

STRATEGIES AND PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN PORT LOKO CITY

To create a framework for long-term, sustainable solid waste management, this paper examines the Port Loko municipalitys solid waste management plan and public involvement. It sets out: to examine the waste management tactics employed by the Port Loko City Council; to evaluate the methods used for solid waste management transportation; to investigate whether dustbins are available for collecting solid waste throughout the city; to determine whether land fill is available; to evaluate the degree of public involvement in the procedures related to solid waste management; to create a framework for long-term, sustainable solid waste management. The primary means of addressing the objectives was by means of semi-structured interviews and discussions with diverse stakeholders and members of the municipalitys community. The current solid waste management system was examined in the study, along with input from the general public, to determine its advantages and disadvantages. It was found that Port Loko Citys current solid waste management system is not sustainable. The separation of waste is not provided for. Waste is not being collected or transported in an appropriate or sufficient manner. Officially, recycling and composting of waste are not permitted. People are not involved in the decision-making process regarding solid waste because the majority of the waste is disposed of in open landfills. Additionally, the study examined the recently suggested solid waste management system. It was discovered that the recently suggested system, which includes a framework for a two-stream waste segregation system, is superior to the current system. The current waste collection and transportation system is not as good as the proposed one. A key component of the plan is the composting of biodegradable waste. But to create a solid waste management system that is sustainable, important issues were left out of the proposed system