Land Treatment Systems Research Articles

Impacts of vegetable processing and cheese making effluent on soil microbial functional diversity, community structure, and denitrification potential of land treatment systems.

The cheese making and vegetable processing industries generate immense volumes of high-nitrogen wastewater that is often treated at rural facilities using land applications. Laboratory incubation results showed denitrification decreased with temperature in industry facility soils but remained high in soils from agricultural sites (75% at 2.1°C). 16S rRNA, phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA), and soil respiration analyses were conducted to investigate potential soil microbiome impacts. Biotic and abiotic system factor correlations showed no clear patterns explaining the divergent denitrification rates. In all three soil types at the phylum level, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Acidobacteria dominated, whereas at the class level, Nitrososphaeria and Alphaproteobacteria dominated, similar to denitrifying systems such as wetlands, wastewater resource recovery facilities, and wastewater-irrigated agricultural systems. Results show that potential denitrification drivers vary but lay the foundation to develop a better understanding of the key factors regulating denitrification in land application systems and protect local groundwater supplies. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Incubation study denitrification rates decreased as temperatures decreased, potentially leading to groundwater contamination issues during colder months. The three most dominant phyla for all systems are Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Acidobacteria. The dominant class for all systems is Nitrosphaeria (phyla Crenarchaeota). No correlation patterns between denitrification rates and system biotic and abiotic factors were observed that explained system efficiency differences.

Potential Applications of Land Treatment Systems for Disinfectant-Rich Wastewater in Response to the COVID-19 Health Protocol: A Narrative Review

Introduction: The use of antiseptics and disinfectants in daily health protocols has a consequence of changing the quality of wastewater to be toxic to microbes. As a result, microbiological wastewater treatment has the potential to not be processed properly. To solve the problem of disinfectant-rich wastewater, a plant-based treatment method can be useful, the implementation of which is a land treatment system for wastewater.
 Materials and Methods: The data collection method was carried out through the Mendeley Reference Manager, searching for articles online, and placing the terms “land treatment system”, and “disinfectant-rich wastewater”. The selected articles were up-to-date and had a significant relationship between the two terms.
 Results: This sanitation system can be a stretch of land and/or a pond of water, on which plants can grow and process. Normal concentrations of disinfectants for microbial elimination had no negative effects on the growth of various types of plants. Plants continue to live in the stress of water rich in disinfectants, as a condition of their ability to treat wastewater. The involvement of various wastewater treatment media makes evapotranspiration dry bed and evapotranspiration wet bed or wetland ponds capable of processing various pollutants. This approach can be implemented for on-site and off-site sanitation system.
 Conclusion: In this context, under conditions of enrichment of disinfectants in wastewater during the COVID-19 era, the land treatment system becomes feasible to solve the problem of changing the quality of wastewater.

Wastewater irrigation in India: Current status, impacts and response options

Wastewater generated from urban agglomerations in India is estimated to be 26.4 km3 annually and 28% of it is treated. This has a potential to irrigate about 2.1 million-ha agricultural land, contribute 4 million Mg of plant nutrients, generate 2.8 million person-days of employment and reduce green house gas (GHG) emission by 73.7 million Mg CO2-e. Farmers in peri-urban areas depend largely on raw and partially treated wastewater for livelihood via raising high value crops such as vegetable, fodders and fruits. Both controlled and uncontrolled disposal of waste waters leads to progressive and irreversible contamination of soils, surface and ground waters with pathogens, heavy metals and organic micro-contaminants and consequently their bio-transfer through the chain: sewage-soil-vegetation-animal-humans. This has led to the development of a considerable assortment of regulatory measures and guidelines aimed at reducing or eliminating wastewater related health risks. Because conventional treatment technologies are cost prohibitive, alternate methods based on biological and land treatment systems are being advocated. Since soils are the most logical sinks for wastewater, efforts are to optimise rates and methods of water application, quantify the sink capacity of soils to immobilise contaminants and protect the quality of produce. Reuse of diluted or undiluted wastewaters improves crop productivity by 10–36% though production sustainability depends on soil type, climatic conditions, crop grown, irrigation techniques and socio-political factors. Disposal of wastewater in tree plantations and constructed wetlands with consequent removal of toxic metals/compounds using hyper-accumulators/accumulators plants provide for a possible alternative. Ignoring the associated risks, using pisciculture for sewage disposal is quite popular in high rainfall areas. With growing water scarcities, it is utmost important to recognise wastewaters as a valuable resource and formulate appropriate policy initiatives considering the health and livelihood issues of the per-urban farmers and consumers of food as well as risks to environment.

Suspect-screening analysis of a coastal watershed before and after Hurricane Florence using high-resolution mass spectrometry

On September 14, 2018, Hurricane Florence delivered ~686 mm rainfall to a 106 km2 watershed in coastal North Carolina, USA. A forested land treatment site comprises one third of the watershed wherein municipal wastewater effluent is spray-irrigated onto 8.9 km2 of forest. This communication provides insight for land treatment function under excess water duress as well as changes in organic chemical composition in on- and off-site waters before (June 2018) and after (September & December 2018) Hurricane Florence's landfall. We compare the numbers and relative abundances of chemical features detected using suspect screening high resolution mass spectrometry in waste-, ground-, and surface water samples. Values for upstream and receiving waters in September were lower than for sampling events in June and December, indicating an expected dilution effect across the watershed. Chemical diversity was greatest for all surface water samples in December, but only upstream surface water showed a dramatic five-fold increase in relative chemical abundance. Chemical abundance in on-site water and downstream surface water was equal to or lower than the September storm dilution effect. These data suggest that the land treatment system is functionally and hydrologically robust to extreme storm events and contributed to dilution of upstream chemical reservoirs for downstream receiving waters for months after the storm. Similar systems may embody one water reuse strategy robust to the increasing occurrence of extreme precipitation events.

Potensi Inokulan Petrofilik dan Kompos Kotoran Ayam dalam Bioremediasi Limbah Minyak Bumi Sistem Land Treatment

Bioremediation of petroleum waste using the land treatment system is generally carried out by indigenous Petrophilic stimulation as a degrading agent. One of the efforts to improve the performance of the bioremediation system is by adding petrophilic inoculants and organic material as a source of nutrition. This experiment focused on observation of the effect of endogenous petrophilic consortium by adding chicken manure compost towards bioremediation performance parameters, including the efficiency of hydrocarbon degradation, soil pH and petrobacter population on Jatinangor Inceptisols contaminated with petroleum waste. The experiment Design used in this experiment was Factorial Randomized Block Design (FRBD). The first factor was the variation of the concentration of the petrophilic consortium, consisted of: (i) without a petrophilic consortium, (ii) the concentration of petrophilic consortium 1% (w/ w), (iii) the concentration of petrophilic consortium 3% (w/ w ), (iv) concentration of petrophilic consortium 5% (w/ w). The second factor was the variation of the concentration of chicken manure compost: (ii) without compost chicken manure, (ii) the concentration of chicken manure compost 1.5% (w / w), and (iii) the concentration of chicken manure compost 3% (w/w). ). The results showed that the treatment of exogenous Petrophilic and chicken manure could not significantly improve the biodegradation efficiency of hydrocarbons, but the Petrophilic additives of 3% (w/ w) could increase the highest Petrophilic population. From this study was found that indigenous petrophilic had the potential to degrade hydrocarbons by 71.20%, while the application of exogenous 1% (w/w) petrophilic was able to degrade hydrocarbons by 71.97 %.

Suspect screening and prioritization of chemicals of concern (COCs) in a forest-water reuse system watershed

Much research has assessed organic chemicals of concern (COCs) in municipal wastewater and receiving waters, but few studies have examined COCs in land treatment systems. Many prior studies have implemented targeted methods that quantify a relatively small fraction of COCs present in wastewater and receiving waters. This study used suspect screening to assess chemical features in ground- and surface waters from a watershed where secondary-treated wastewater is irrigated onto 900 ha of temperate forest, offering a more holistic view of chemicals that contribute to the exposome. Chemical features were prioritized by abundance and ToxPi scoring across seasonal sampling events to determine if the forest-water reuse system contributed to the chemical exposome of ground- and surface waters. The number of chemical features detected in wastewater was usually higher than on- and off-site ground- and surface waters; in wastewater, chemical features trended with precipitation in which greater numbers of features were detected in months with low precipitation. The number of chemical features detected in off- and on-site waters was similar. The lower overlap between chemical features found in wastewater and downstream surface waters, along with the similar numbers of features being detected in upstream and downstream surface waters, suggests that though wastewater may be a source of chemicals to ground and surface waters on-site, dissipation of wastewater-derived features (in number and peak area abundance) likely occurs with limited off-site surface water export by the forested land treatment system. Further, the numbers of features detected on site and the overlap between wastewater and surface waters did not increase during periods of low rainfall, counter to our initial expectations. The chemical features tentatively identified in this watershed appear common to features identified in other studies, warranting further examination on the potential for resulting impacts of these on humans and the environment.

Long‐term phosphorus accumulation and removal efficiency in a land‐based wastewater treatment system in the UK

AbstractThe study aims to assess the long‐term phosphorus (P) removal in a land treatment system (LTS) in the UK. Different sections of the site have been irrigated with wastewater effluent for different periods of time for up to 85 years. The amounts of P discharged and accumulated were calculated from historical data, estimations of water consumption, composition and soil measurement. The total P input during the study period was estimated to be 90 010 kg, the average P removal was 4% and there was no significant difference in the total P accumulated between plots irrigated for different periods, indicating that the sorption capacity of the soil might be saturated. Despite the low P retention rates in the LTS, there is no evidence that emissions from this system are affecting P concentrations in either the nearby river or the local chalk aquifer. Gaps remain, however, in performance optimisation and longevity forecasting.

The Critical Period of Corn Crops (Zea Mays L.) Due to Weed Competition on Various Soil Processing Systems

The research was conducted in October 2016 - February 2017 at Huta Sait Buttu Saribu, Pematang Sidamanik sub-district of Simalungun district, altitude of place + 1100 m asl. The purpose of this research is to understand the critical period of corn crops (Zea mays L.) due to weed competition in various soil systems. The research implementation methodology used a split plot design (SPD) with randomized block experimental design. The treatment consists of two factors, namely the land treatment system (T) as the main plot and the weed investment period (W) as the subplot. The soil processing system consists of 3 types, i.e. without soil treatment (T0), minimum tillage (T1), and intensive tillage (T2). While the investment period of weeds is designed in 10 treatments, namely W1 = free weed for 0-15 DAP, W2 = free weed for 0-30 DAP, W3 = free weed 0-45 DAP, W4 = free weed 0-60 DAP, W5 = free weed until harvest, W6 = weeds from planting to harvest, W7 = weeds for 0-60 DAP, W8 = weeds for 0-45 DAP, W9 = weeds for 0-30 DAP, and W10 = weeds for 0-15 DAP. Each treatment was repeated 3 times. To determine the effect of the two treatments, observation towards the dominance of weeds (summed dominance ratio), the period of silk delay (day), height of plant (cm), root dry weight (g), leaf area (cm2), and dry seed production per plot (kg) is done. From the result of research data analysis, noted that soil processing system is influencing the root dry weight, plant height, total leaf area and seed production per plot, but the period of silk delay is not influenced by difference of soil processing system. The difference in weed investment time affects the period of silk delay, plant height, root dry weight, leaf area and seed weight per plot. The interaction of both treatments affects plant height, root dry weight, leaf area, and seed weight per plot. But period of silk delay is not influenced by the interaction of the two treatments. From the research results, concluded that the critical period of corn crop growth due to weed competition occurs when in the period of 0-60 DAP weeds are allowed to compete with corn crops

Long-term phosphorus removal in land treatment systems: Evaluation, experiences, and opportunities

ABSTRACTExcessive release of phosphorus (P) from urban wastewater into water bodies is a significant environmental concern. Land treatment systems (LTS) have been used for the last 150 years as a low-cost and low-energy tertiary wastewater treatment. However, their P removal capacity is limited by soil adsorption capacity. Accurate P-removal lifespan prediction is needed to provide confidence in this technology and to support long-term wastewater treatment planning. This review outlines the history of LTS, describes the main P removal processes in soils, and critically analyzes the research methods used to date to assess long-term P removal in soil. Finally, an assessment is made of the role that modeling tools can play in aiding our understanding of P processes in LTS soils and in forecasting system longevity.

Sensitivity of LEACHN Model Predictions to Changes in Nitrogen Transformation Rate Constants and Bulk Density

LEACHN is a deterministic model that could be used as a decision support tool to simulate NO 3 -N (nitrate-N) movement through the soil profile in order to make management decisions (i.e., when and how much effluent to apply on land) at effluent-irrigated land disposal sites. However, using this model as a “black box” is not satisfactory, and an in-depth understanding of how the model works is essential before the model is used by the operators and managers of land treatment systems. This article provides a brief description of LEACHN, the N (nitrogen) cycle and soil hydrological properties in LEACHN, and an assessment of LEACHN. This article also provides the key findings of a previous study as background knowledge for the current study. The main focus of this article is to investigate the sensitivity of LEACHN predictions to changes in N transformation rate constants, i.e., K min (mineralization), K nit (nitrification), and K den (denitrification), at field scale, and also to explore the effect of changes in soil bulk density on leachate NO 3 -N concentrations and amount of N leached. This study shows that LEACHN was sensitive to K min values, and this parameter had a significant impact on soil humus-N and the amount of NO 3 -N leached. The total amount of NO 3 -N leached was slightly affected by K nit values. However, the K den value had no significant impact on the total amount of NO 3 -N leached. This analysis also highlighted the need for accurate measurements of bulk density as inputs to the LEACHN model. The optimized LEACHN model (using the best N transformation rate constants values) was tested successfully for two field data sets.

Land Application-Based Olive Mill Wastewater Μanagement

Land application of olive mill wastewater (OMW) is considered a promising low-cost practice for olive-oil producing countries. The objectives of this work were to investigate: (i) OMW treatment potential of a land treatment system (LTS), planted with a E. camaldulensis species, regarding N, P, C, and phenols; (ii) the effects of OMW on chemical properties of soil and soil solution characteristics; and (iii) the performance of E. camaldulensis in terms of biomass production and N and P recovery. E. camaldulensis received OMW for two growing seasons at rates based on maximum organic loading. These rates were almost equivalent to the reference evapotranspiration of the area. Soil solution and soil samples were collected from three different depths (15, 30 and 60 cm) at specified time intervals. -Also, samples of plant tissues were collected at the end of application periods. OMW land application resulted in significant reduction in inorganic and organic constituents of OMW. At 15 cm of soil profile, the average removal of COD, TKN, NH4+-N, TP, In-P, and total phenols approached 93%, 86%, 70%, 86%, 82%, and 85%, respectively, while an increase in soil depth (30 and 60 cm) did not improve significantly treatment efficiency. Furthermore, OMW increased soil organic matter (SOM), total kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), and available P, particularly in the upper soil layer. In contrast, low inorganic N content was observed in the soil throughout the study period caused probably by increased competition among soil microorganisms induced by the organic substrate supply and high C/N ratio. Also, electrical conductivity (EC) and SAR increased by OMW addition, but at levels that may do not pose severe risk for soil texture. Enhancement of soil fertility due to OMW application sustained eucalyptus trees and provided remarkable biomass yield. In conclusion, land application of OMW has a great potential for organic matter and phenol assimilation and can be effectively used for OMW detoxification.

The treatment performance and nutrient removal of a garden land infiltration system receiving dairy farm wastewater

Livestock wastewater is a major source of agricultural non-point pollution. Land treatment system is appropriate for livestock sewage treatment due to its low construction cost and high treatment performance. In this study, a garden land infiltration system (GLIS) was established to treat dairy farm wastewater. Our main concern was nutrient removal and plant uptake when the system is in operation. The removal rates in the outflow water of suspended solids (SS), NH4+N, total N (TN), total P (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total organic carbon (TOC) were 86.1%, 78.0%, 78.2%, 94.6%, 76.8%, and 74.6%, respectively. Approximately 79.4–81.6kg/ha of nitrogen and 9.1–13.1kg/ha of phosphorus were removed from the system by ryegrass harvesting, which accounted for 14.5–14.9% and 17.0–24.6% of the TN and TP in the effluent, respectively. These results demonstrate that the system has the advantage of high performance efficiency and has the potential for greater nutrient removal by plant uptake. Therefore, a GLIS can be considered as a viable alternative for dairy farm wastewater treatment in rural areas.

The Development of Rural Domestic Wastewater Treatment in China

Agriculture is one of the foundations of China’s national economy. The rural population is more than half of China’s total population. However, rural domestic wastewater treatment has not been solved, mostly household wastewater untreated directly discharged into nearby surface water bodies. With the development of rural economy, domestic wastewater treatment has become a serious problem in rural sustainable development in China. Emission characteristics and status of rural domestic wastewater treatment in China were presented in this paper. On this basis, several rural wastewater treatment technologies commonly used were reviewed in China rural area, including septic tanks, land treatment system, methane-generating pit, stabilization lagoon and constructed wetland. The current problems and future development in rural domestic wastewater treatment were discussed, and some suggestions proposed. On the one hand, new integrated technology should be actively developed in rural domestic wastewater. On the other hand, the management of rural domestic wastewater should be strengthened. Thus, effective protection will be provided for the sustainable development of rural areas in China.

Natural Treatment Systems as Sustainable Ecotechnologies for the Developing Countries

The purpose of natural treatment systems is the re-establishment of disturbed ecosystems and their sustainability for benefits to human and nature. The working of natural treatment systems on ecological principles and their sustainability in terms of low cost, low energy consumption, and low mechanical technology is highly desirable. The current review presents pros and cons of the natural treatment systems, their performance, and recent developments to use them in the treatment of various types of wastewaters. Fast population growth and economic pressure in some developing countries compel the implementation of principles of natural treatment to protect natural environment. The employment of these principles for waste treatment not only helps in environmental cleanup but also conserves biological communities. The systems particularly suit developing countries of the world. We reviewed information on constructed wetlands, vermicomposting, role of mangroves, land treatment systems, soil-aquifer treatment, and finally aquatic systems for waste treatment. Economic cost and energy requirements to operate various kinds of natural treatment systems were also reviewed.

Insights on the role of vegetation on nitrogen cycling in effluent irrigated lands

This work investigated the effect of plant species (Eucalyptus camaldulensis vs Arundo donax) on N-turnover during land application of pre-treated municipal wastewater. The study was carried out in 40-L pots under field conditions and revealed strong effects of plant species on N uptake, potential nitrification rate (PNR), and gaseous losses of N. E. camaldulensis accumulated 38% more N in its biomass than A. donax. With regard to the soil N, there was no effect of plant species on total Kjeldahl N content. The lower PNR measured in pots planted with A. donax could not be explained by differences in archaeal or bacterial amoA gene copies; suggesting that plant species affected the activity of nitrifiers.The loads of NH4+-N applied were not found to have delayed the oxidation of NH4+-N, despite the differences in PNR, as indicated by soil solution and soil NH4+-N concentrations in the rhizosphere of the two plant species throughout the period of the study. However, decreased concentrations of NO3−-N were measured in the pots planted with A. donax from the end of June onwards. This finding implies increased losses of N through denitrification and reveals a direct effect of plant species on the activity of denitrifiers since differences in copy numbers of denitrification genes (nirK, nirS, nosZ) were observed only early in the season. Our findings reveal a critical role of plant species on N cycling in terrestrial environments with important implications for the management/restoration of N-polluted areas, such as riparian zones, and for land treatment systems and constructed wetlands.

Research on Soil Infiltration Systems for Domestic Sewage Treatment

In this paper, the performance of the constructed rapid infiltration system ( CRI ) for removal of organic pollutants of domestic sewage was investigated. The results showed that the system had higher efficiency of CODCr removal. The removal rate of CODCr was 86.1% by constructed rapid infiltration system without carbonized sludge , 91.8% with carbonized sludge. The system overcomes the disadvantage of traditional wastewater rapid infiltration land treatment system ( RI ) that the hydraulic load is low, but retains the advantages that the solution process are the low cost, the ease of processing, less energy consumption and good water quality.

Decision Making Support in Wastewater Management: Comparative analysis of techniques and tools used in centralized and decentralized system layouts UDK 628.2

Wastewater management has been seen primarily as a technical and economic issue but it is now recognised that these are some of the elements in an array of other factors that affect sustainability of wastewater systems. Literature studies point out that municipal authorities have a general and long-standing tradition of using indicators in monitoring performance, reviewing progress and reporting the state of the environment as part of the regulatory enacted compliance. However, they have neglected other critical aspects of use of these indicators such as their input into the planning and decision making process. This research advocates for the use of sustainable indicators in a context based planning approach and the utilisation of Multi Criteria Decision Aid (MCDA) in a two step approach for comparative analysis and assessment of the sustainability of wastewater systems. The overall objective was to develop a methodology for wastewater systems selection and to produce a practical planning tool to aid in decision making for municipalities. Another objective was to provide recommendations for wastewater and sanitation management improvement in the case study area. The methodology consisted of comprehensive literature review, case study analysis, a review of the Decision Support Systems (DSS) in use and the development of the DSS for Gauteng Province. The full spectrum of viable wastewater or sanitation options was incorporated into the DSS. From the sustainability assessments carried out using Multi criteria decision analysis, one result showed that varying degrees of sustainability are obtainable with each treatment technology involved and decentralised technologies appear more sustainable. Based on the local context and indicators used in this research, the DSS results suggest that land treatment systems, stabilisation ponds and ecological treatment methods are more sustainable. One major finding from literature is that no technology is inherently sustainable on its own but is a function of the local context specifics. Since there is so much variation in social and economic needs within the areas; the overall results imply that a differential wastewater management approach should be employed with tailor made solutions resulting for each municipality or certain areas within a municipality.

A study on olive oil mill wastewater management in Turkey: A questionnaire and experimental approach

The purpose of this study is to provide profound information about olive oil mill wastewater production in Turkey and to evaluate and optimize the treatment of olive oil mill wastewater (OOMW) by using slow rate land treatment system. Within the scope of the study, about 150 olive oil industries located in the west and south of Turkey were examined by means of a questionnaire survey. The results showed that high percentage of producers in Turkey use three-phase centrifugation generating high amount of wastewater. The use of large evaporation ponds is the common treatment technology for the “reduction” of the wastewater. For the experimental part of the study, nine 65-liter PVC reactors were constructed and operated outside the laboratory. Reactors containing 55kg of sandy-loam soil were planted by Reed (phragmites) and Alfalfa (alphalpha sp.) species and irrigated with olive oil mill wastewater having the same organic loading but different hydraulic loading rate. BOD5 loading rate was 500kgBOD5/haday and hydraulic loading rates were 2, 4, 8 and 12.5m/year. Hydraulic loading is later fixed to 4m/year and organic loading is changed to 125, 250 and 500kgBOD5/haday during the second year. The results of the experiments indicated that COD removal rates were initially high in reactors with plants compared to control reactor without plant. However, the rates decreased in time due to the inhibition observed in the treatment capacity of the combined system.

Effluent application to the land: Changes in soil properties and treatment potential

Four pilot land treatment systems (LTS) planted with different plant species were investigated as a means of managing wastewater in small communities. The effects of effluent application on soil properties during three years of operation are presented. LTS were planted with Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Acacia cyanophylla, Populus nigra and Arundo donax. Wastewater was pre-treated in a septic tank and applied to LTS at suitable rates to meet crop water requirements. Effluent application was found to increase soil organic matter, P and TKN content, particularly, in the topsoil but plant species had no effect on these parameters. Increases were also observed for salinity and sodium adsorption ratio which were found to depend on hydraulic loading. Winter precipitation leached the majority of the salts accumulated during the application period. Nitrates accumulated in the soil profile throughout the application period and this increase was dependent on plant species. LTS planted with A. donax showed the lowest NO 3-N concentration in soil pore water, an effect which cannot be explained by differences in application rates or plant uptake. This may imply stimulated denitrification rates induced by the rhizosphere of reeds. Effluent application also increased total and macro porosity compared to their initial values and bulk density.

Investigation of the water purification efficiency of land treatment system by using microbial community as an index

Artificial land treatment system was constructed to remove nutrient salt in the sewage by the physicochemical and biochemical mechanisms of plants, microorganisms and soil. The aims of this research were to investigate the relationship between the water purification efficiency using the land treatment system and the variation of microbial community, and to study the interactive relation between microbial community and flora by observing the flora succession. The results showed that the vegetation coverage facilitated the soil steadiness. After the fortieth day, the average moisture content of soil and capacity of cation exchange in the restoraion zone tended to steadiness due to the increase of vegetation coverage. Besides, the observed results indicated that the microbial community was affected by the flora succession. When composite plants became the dominant species, the Aeromonas family (Aeromonas hydrophila/caviae, Aeromonas salmonicida) and Burkholderia cepacia were the main species of bacteria in the two zones. However, when Burkholderia cepacia caused the phosphate-solubilizing so that removal rate of ortho-phosphate decreased. Summary all results displayed that microorganisms, plants and water quality have the interactive relation. Therefore, the study results of microbial community and flora succession could be used as an index for the water purification efficiency, which ensure that land treatment systems achieves optimal performance.