Land Consolidation Area Research Articles

Analysis of Spatiotemporal Changes in Ecological Quality of County-Level Land Consolidation Areas based on GEE

Analysis of Spatiotemporal Changes in Ecological Quality of County-Level Land Consolidation Areas based on GEE

Multidimensional effect analysis of typical country park construction in Shanghai

In the history of country park studies, little attention has been given to evaluating the vitality of country parks, the comprehensive ecological, living and production benefits of country park construction, and the change in the carbon emission effect. The goal of this article will be to address these three issues. Based on multisource data, a country park vitality index system, regional comprehensive benefit evaluation index system and land use carbon emission estimation model were constructed to conduct quantitative estimation. The results showed that (1) the popularity index rather than the accessibility index was the key component of the vitality of country parks, followed by the connectivity index and the land use diversity index. (2) Ecological space and public open space in most of the whole land consolidation areas that centred on country park construction were significantly expanded, traffic accessibility and housing conditions were significantly improved, population agglomeration and landscape diversity index tended to increase, and the comprehensive goal of synergistic improvement in production, living and ecological benefits was achieved. (3) The whole land consolidation area dominated by country park construction had a better carbon emission reduction effect. Reducing inefficient construction land and increasing forestland are important measures to reduce carbon sources and increase carbon sinks. The results of this study have guiding value for the improvement of country park planning and construction and the optimization of the whole land consolidation area in Shanghai.

Reconstruction of Rural Settlement Patterns in China: The Role of Land Consolidation

Taking the supplement of the quantity and quality of cultivated land in rural settlements as the departure point, this paper discusses the spatial and temporal integration reconstruction method of rural settlements. The disorderly expansion of residential areas in Pinggu District, Beijing, China has led to the erosion of high-quality cultivated land in the region and the advantages of mountain resources have not been fully utilized in this area. Therefore, Pinggu District was selected as the research area. Using the spatial analysis function in GIS, this paper uses the comprehensive correction method of the per capita construction land standard and the neighborhood substitution method to analyze the quantitative potential of rural settlements to supplement cultivated land and the qualitative grade of cultivated land after arrangement. A combination of exclusion matrices are employed to identify the spatial and temporal arrangements of rural settlements. The research shows that the effective cultivated land area of rural settlements in Pinggu District is 514.24 ha, and the coefficient of increasing cultivated land is 9.25%. Rural residential areas in the district are divided into priority sorting area, key sorting area, moderate sorting area, and restricted sorting area; they account for 18.13%, 21.10%, 20.85%, and 39.93% of the total area, respectively. According to the regional characteristics and dominant factor of the different consolidation areas, corresponding consolidation goals, models, and engineering measures are proposed to enrich the theory and approach to village planning and to provide a reference for practitioners engaged in regional rural land consolidation. The innovation of this study is putting forward the consolidation objectives, models and engineering measures based on the regional characteristics and leading factors of different land consolidation areas. This study has reference significance for the formulation and implementation of regional rural settlements consolidation planning and the policy of increasing and decreasing urban and rural construction land.

Characteristics of fluoride migration and enrichment in groundwater under the influence of natural background and anthropogenic activities

Excessive enrichment of fluoride threatens ecological stability and human health. The high-fluoride groundwater in the Chagan Lake area has existed for a long time. With the land consolidation and irrigation area construction, the distribution and migration process of fluoride have changed. It is urgent to explore the evolution of fluoride under the dual effects of nature and human. Based on 107 groundwater samples collected in different land use periods, hydrogeochemistry and isotope methods were combined to explore the evolution characteristics and hydrogeochemical processes of fluoride in typical high-fluoride background area and elucidate the impact of anthropogenic activities on fluoride migration. The results indicate that large areas of paddy fields are developed from saline-alkali land, and its area has increased by nearly 30%. The proportion of high-fluoride groundwater (>2 mg/L) has increased by nearly 10%, mainly distributed in the new irrigation area. Hydrogeochemical processes such as dissolution of fluorine-containing minerals, precipitation of carbonate minerals and exchange of Na+, Ca2+ on the water-soil interface control the enrichment of fluoride. The groundwater d-excess has no obvious change with the increase of TDS, and human activities are one of the reasons for the increase of fluoride. The concentration of fluoride is diluted due to years of diversion irrigation in old irrigation area, whereas the enrichment of δ2H, δ18O and Cl− in new irrigation area indicates that the vertical infiltration of washing alkali and irrigation water brought fluoride and other salts to groundwater. Fertilizer and wastewater discharges also contribute to the accumulation of fluoride, manifesting as co-increasing nitrate and chloride salts. The results of this study provide a new insight into fluoride migration under anthropogenic disturbance in high-fluoride background areas.

Land suitability assessment for wheat production using analytical hierarchy process in a semi-arid region of Central Anatolia

Rational planning of soil resources based on their capabilities are needed for the sustainable use of agricultural lands. Land suitability classification is an important evaluation tool for the management of soil resources. This study aimed to evaluate the land suitability for wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivation using an approach that integrates multi-criteria decision making (MCDA) analysis and geographic information systems (GIS). The study area cover 21146 ha land and is located within the land consolidation area in the Çumra Plain, located in Central Anatolia of Turkey, The physical, chemical and fertility properties of the soil samples collected from 342 points in the study area were used as parameters in the wheat suitability assessment. The relative weight values of the soil parameters were determined by the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Literature and expert opinion were used in the creation of the AHP matrices and the determination of the sub-criteria. The criteria with the highest weight values or which have the highest impact on wheat growth were soil texture (0.30) and pH (0.16), while the lowest weight values were given for micro elements (0.02). Land Suitability Assessment was applied to the maps of soil variables using weighted overlay analysis in the GIS environment by using the relative weights. Thus, the suitability of the study area for wheat cultivation was mapped. The results revealed that 74% of the study area was highly suitable (S1) and 24% was moderately suitable (S2) for wheat cultivation. The coefficient of determination (R2) was 0.81, which indicated a successful prediction of the GIS-MCDA hybrid approach for wheat suitability assessment. Integration of land suitability analyzes specific to plant variety in land consolidation projects can provide a more detailed perspective on the land in the design of planning studies.

Mitigation of Flood Risks with the Aid of the Critical Points Method

Concentrated surface run-off caused by torrential rain leads to the transport of sediments from soil erosion processes within catchment areas of critical points, which represents a basic component of flood risks. Clear identification of such critical points offers a basis for a suitable new strategy of threat mitigation, via both organizational and structural measures in catchment areas. Critical points are determined in places where generated paths of concentrated surface run-off cross given boundaries of built-up areas. The threshold values for the catchment area of a critical point were derived on the basis of hydrological calculations, field research, and the evaluation of hundreds of specific manifestations of damage in built-up areas for particular critical profiles. The characteristics were determined as follows: contributing area between 0.3 and 10 km2, average slope more than 3.5%, and percentage of arable land more than 40%. Indicator F was determined for the distribution of the territory of the Czech Republic according to the risk of flooding. Knowledge of the existence of critical points enables the implementation of preventive measures, the evaluation of flood risk associated with the transport of sediment due to erosion processes, and the improvement of management measures in respective catchment areas, even before an event occurs. The proposed procedure outputs shall be reflected in spatial planning documentation, land consolidation, and catchment area management plans. Incorporation of critical points into open-access public web-maps can help with assessing the semi-quantitative expression of risk to built-up areas arising from the threat of local flooding.

A clustering-based approach to land valuation in land consolidation projects

Land valuation is a comprehensive assessment process that aims to assign the agricultural value of all parcels in the land consolidation area, based on soil quality and land productivity (using a relative non-dimensional score). Thus, the land value represents a critical parameter that directly influences the monetary interests of landowners. This process should be managed in a reliable, correct, and fair manner. Furthermore, the traditional land valuation process is time-consuming and costly, and its results may be inconsistent because those who determine the value cannot take into account and compare the land valuation parameters required for all parcels. The solution to these deficiencies requires a new valuation approach. After land consolidation in the project area, the value of the existing parcels must be determined according to certain criteria in order to give to the enterprise land with the equal value to its previous land. In this study, a new land valuation model was developed with the help of clustering algorithms (K-means, K-medoids, Fuzzy C-means) and Weighted Differential Evolution, a heuristic optimization algorithm, using the most basic nine different parameters affecting the land value. The clustering method used in this model performs the valuation by clustering the parcels with common characteristics according to the parameter values. The method in which the cumulative sum of the distances of parcels to the cluster centers is the shortest exhibits the best clustering performance. In this study, the best clustering performance was obtained with the WDE-based clustering algorithm. When compared with the other algorithm results by mapping the classical valuation results, it was determined that the clustering method results evaluated the parcels more precisely. The study contributes to the literature in terms of including in the developed method parameters other than those used in the existing methods and determining the land value more precisely, fairly, and reliably with the help of heuristic algorithms.

Multi criteria decision analysis to determine the suitability of agricultural crops for land consolidation areas

Crop selection for sustainable and effective agricultural land management has to take into accounts several issues such as chemical, physical, environmental, economic and social conditions. Especially after land consolidation projects, sustainable agricultural crop management should be investigated for each crop which are suitable for the project area to benefit from the land consolidation contributions such as irrigation, roads, modified parcel boundaries and surfaces. Thus, Geographical Information Systems (GIS) aided suitability analysis techniques are required to determine the suitable crops for the consolidated areas. In this study, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) multi-criteria decision techniques are integrated with GIS to determine most suitable crops for parcels. The suitability maps of wheat, clover, sugar beet and corn crops are generated for the projected area using 63 Land Mapping Units (LMU) with considering pH, lime, texture, salinity, organic matter, electrical conductivity, permeability, slope, aspect and the distance to settlements and roads within chemical, physical, topological and socio-economic criteria.

Factors Affecting the Price of Cost-Equivalent Land: Application of Hierarchical Linear Modeling

This study examined 19 urban land consolidation areas in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, as well as cost-equivalent lands auctioned off from 2013 to 2019. Hierarchical linear modeling was used for analysis, in which the Level 1b variables pertained to cost-equivalent land and the Level 2 variables pertained to land consolidation areas. According to the empirical results, in terms of the estimation results, there were significant differences between the mean price of each urban land consolidation area. Therefore, HLM is suitable for the subsequent analysis. A total of 76.7% of the differences in the mean land consolidation area price were contributed by the differences between the land consolidation areas. Therefore, it is important to consider the differences generated by the particular features of each area.

Changes Land Use in Land Consolidation Area in Seminyak, Kuta

Land Consolidation (LC), is the government's solution in land acquisition for development. In addition, LC aims to improve the quality of the environment by rearranging plots of land to be more organized and equipped with environmental infrastructure, as well as land tenure in accordance with land use plans. The location of the land consolidation area in Seminyak Village which is close to the center of government, economy and tourism has implications for land use in the area. The phenomenon of land use that occurs in this region tends to ignore the spatial planning that has been determined by the government. If this condition is left unchecked, there will be more violations of land use that are not in accordance with the spatial allocation, leading to spatial conflicts and clutter in regional spatial planning. This study aims to identify changes in land use in the area of land consolidation in the Seminyak Village and the dominant factors underlying the changes in land use. Qualitative methods are used to identify changes in land use, and these dominant factors. Primary data obtained from observations, direct documentation, and the results of interviews with informants determined by purposive sampling. The results showed that there was a mismatch of land use with the plan for spatial planning in the area designated for settlement and green open space. The dominant factors underlying the changes in land use are law enforcement, then environmental factors, economic factors, and socio-cultural factors. The results of this study can be input for the government in formulating policies relating to planning and controlling the use of space in order to create safe, comfortable and sustainable use of space.
 Index Terms— land consolidation, land use, land use change

Effect of organic acid amendment on secondary saline soil amelioration in gully land consolidation area in northern Shaanxi, China

He Kang (HK) is a widely used organic amendment for saline-alkali land improvement because of its effectiveness. This research evaluated HK’s effects on secondary saline soil amelioration in gully land consolidation area in the north part of Shaanxi, China. Experiments were conducted in field plots (4 m × 5 m) to test the effects of different HK contents (2.99 g/m2 (HK1), 3.74 g/m2 (HK2), 4.49 g/m2 (HK3), and 5.24 g/m2 (HK4)) on soil moisture water and salt content, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, and maize growth. The results showed that the salt contents in experimental plots with HK were lower compared with CK (no amendments), and soil water movement to deep soil was inhibited, and evapotranspiration was also decreased. HK improved the soil nutrient content and delayed the transport and leaching process of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the soil, which kept the nutrients in the root layer of spring maize plants in a higher concentration range. The uptake and utilization of soil nutrients by maize was promoted. Maize yields in plots with HK1, HK2, HK3, and HK4 were significantly increased by 21.51%, 34.34%, 22.10%, and 27.31%, respectively, compared with CK. The results indicated that HK is an effective method with 3.74 g/m2 (HK2) application rate of secondary saline soil amelioration in gully land treatment, which is beneficial to local crop growth.

How government-led land consolidation efforts achieve grain production stability? An empirical analysis in Hubei Province, China

China has been conducting massive land consolidation (LC) projects since the late 1990s to ensure national food security which has been one of the common issues in the world. How the implementation of LC projects affects grain production stability is a question should be answered. Basing on an empirical analysis at the county level in Hubei Province, China, this paper separates the trend component and the fluctuation component from a time series of grain production over 1991-2016 using the H-P filtering method. Then we estimate the impacts of LC projects and climate change on the trend and fluctuation rate of grain production for the entire Hubei Province. Moreover, the effects on the production of different major crops for the central, eastern, southwestern, northwestern and northern areas are also examined, respectively. The results show that: (1) the production trends for five subareas and the whole area all have followed a trajectory of “increase-decrease-increase” from 1991 to 2016. The magnitude of fluctuation rate was large but became smaller in recent years. (2) The contribution of LC to the long-term trends of grain production for the entire samples in Hubei Province mainly benefits from the growth in the cultivated land area through LC; more LC investment and newly-added arable land area promote the sudden increase in grain production above the long-term trends, while the impacts of LC area are negative. (3) The impacts of LC on the major crop production vary across areas. LC exerts significant impacts on the production of major crops in the central and eastern Hubei, and this effect persists to the following year. Similarly, this influence also exists in the southwestern and northern area, while becomes insignificant in the following year. No significant effect of LC variables is found in the northwestern area. These findings may provide reference for the government to address LC inefficiency and food security problems, and an effective and innovative mechanism combining the agricultural production, land consolidation and meteorological factors needs to be established to ensure food security and long-term and stable agricultural production. In addition, the regional difference in natural conditions and LC orientations should also be considered.

Monitoring the effects of land consolidation on the ecological environmental quality based on remote sensing: A case study of Chaohu Lake Basin, China

As a kind of activity to break down the original land ecosystem, land consolidation causes the ecosystem to undergo a process of “stability-unstable-stable”. The Chaohu Lake Basin is a typical traditional agricultural planting area and extensive implementation of large-scale land consolidation projects. By monitoring the impact of land consolidation activities in a specific time period in the basin on the project areas and surrounding environment, the spatial and temporal impacts of large-scale land consolidation on regional eco-environmental quality are analyzed. This study mainly monitors crop growth, soil moisture and temperature changes in the land consolidation project area, and the corresponding changes in the surrounding environment. The response of ecological environment factors caused by land consolidation can be embodied in indicators such as humidity, greenness, heat and dryness. Four indicators of NDVI, WET, LST, and NDBSI were selected, using principal component analysis, monitoring the environmental quality changes in the land consolidation areas of Chaohu Lake Basin. Result shows that the ecological environmental quality of the study area exhibits long-term convergence and short-term divergence, and the correlation between the ecological indicators is not significant. The average contribution rate of the first principal component eigenvalue is 67.94 %. The implementation period of the land consolidation project will seriously interfere with the ecological environment, but it can be restored within 3–5 years after implementation, and the ecological environmental quality of the project area will continue to improve. Land consolidation not only can improve the quality of the ecological environment in the consolidation area, but also can promote the surrounding environment. The findings provide theoretical basis and decision guidance for the improvement of land consolidation planning and design (reconstruction) in China, and offer suggestions on strategy-oriented support and scientific basis for promoting the long-term development of land consolidation worldwide.

Changes in microbial community structure under land consolidation in paddy soils: A case study in eastern China

Soil microbial communities are greatly affected by human disturbance and soil physicochemical properties. Land consolidation is an important technology for sustainable agricultural development. However, there are few studies on how land consolidation affects the diversity and structure of soil microbial communities. To understand how land consolidation induced variations in bacterial and fungal communities in soil, we applied a high-throughput sequencing approach of 16S rRNA gene so as to get the information on microbial communities in 20 paddy fields of J County, China. The results showed the huge impact of land consolidation for bacteria as well as fungi, along with the richness and diversity of species critically higher in fields of land consolidation than those not. As for the bacterial communities in fields of land consolidation, the functional diversity of them was also significantly higher, especially nitrogen cycling. The results also showed that the microbial richness and diversity increased in the paddy fields under land consolidation practices of building ditches and applying organic fertilizer compared to others. Interestingly, the relative abundances of heavy-metal tolerant bacteria (Geobacter, Thiobacillus) and fungi (Aspergillus) were increased in the soils from land consolidation areas, which were beneficial microorganisms that could contribute to reduce heavy metal contamination and provide a suitable environment for the growth of plants. Therefore, we concluded that land consolidation could be considered as a viable strategy to improve soil microbial richness and diversity, as well as to increase the abundance of beneficial microorganisms. These findings enhanced our understanding of the importance of land consolidation for increasing the soil microbial diversity and improving soil quality.

Effects of land consolidation

It is important to note that in Norway land consolidation remains the exclusive domain of the court system. There are three cumulative requirements that must be fulfilled before land consolidation can proceed in Norway. (1) The Land Consolidation Court may effectuate land consolidation if at least one property or easement in the land consolidation area is difficult to use gainfully at the current time and under the current circumstances. (2) The Land Consolidation Court may only proceed in this way in order to make the property arrangements in the land consolidation area more advantageous. (3) For any given property or easement, the land consolidation settlement shall not result in costs and other disbenefits that are greater than the benefits. All three criteria must be fulfilled. In this article, we present and analyse cases taken before the Norwegian Land Consolidation Court using case studies, surveys and qualitative interviews with property owners and judges at the land consolidation courts. The observed effects of land consolidation are separated into economic and spatial, legal, environmental and social effects. Our analysis shows that the effects of land consolidation are difficult to estimate or to calculate. There is a need to develop better methods both for valuations and impact studies.

Metodologija za odabir komasacionih područja

Metodologija za odabir komasacionih područja

Satellite data indicates multidimensional variation of agricultural production in land consolidation area

Land consolidation (LC) is an innovative way to improve agricultural production. Spatiotemporal pattern of agricultural production in land consolidation area (LCA) is difficult to quantify with limited field observations and survey data. Satellite data has advantages on recording vegetation status changes frequently, which is very supportive of estimating variation of agricultural production. In this paper, we used Net Primary Productivity (NPP), Normal Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and Multiple Band Drought Index (MBDI) from satellite data, to examine five attributes (irrigation capacity, multiple cropping index, crop phenology, farmland productivity, and production stability) of agricultural production after land consolidation (LC) at a site in China. Results show that there were no significant spatial differences in irrigation capacity for farmland in few years after LC due to consistent climatic conditions and uniform irrigation and drainage system. Multiple cropping index shows a pattern of “first reducing, then growing, last reducing”, which may result from the disturbed “water-soil” environment and weak farmers' intention. Interannual variation of spatial distribution of phenology for the second-season crop is larger than that for the first-season crop since LC implementation adjusts short-term land use and management. With the improvement of production conditions and balanced distribution of production elements, farmland productivity has been improved and its differences among various farmland patches imply a reducing trend. Production in LCA is slightly less stable than that in the control area (TCA) where LC is not carried out because of limited and short-term effect from LC. We concluded that satellite data presents variation of agricultural production in LCA from different dimensions of time, space and attributes. Multidimensional variation of agricultural production is decided by several factors, including climate condition, LC activity, and farmers' intention.

Regional difference for soil fertility after land consolidation in the Guanzhong Plain

Maintaining adequate soil nutrient in newly cultivated soil is critically important for crop growth. In this study, knowledge of the regional distribution patterns of soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), available phosphorus (AP) and available potassium (AK) factors of 565 soil samples from major land consolidation areas in the Guanzhong Plain in northwest of China, were investigated from 2012 to 2014. Soil organic matter content were found range from 2.3 g kg−1 to 36.7 g kg−1, with a corresponding total nitrogen content from 0.17 g kg−1 to 3.64 g kg−1, and 0.29 mg kg−1to 55.7 mg kg−1 for soil available phosphorus, available potassium content between 22.7 mg kg−1 and 389 mg kg−1, respectively. Compared to the recommended land consolidation samples, SOM and TN content belongs to 2-3 level account for the largest proportion among all samples while AP and AK were the 3-4 standard predominantly. SOC was positively correlated with AP and AK content for all samples. For Each 1 g kg−1 increase in TN content resulted in a corresponding increase in SOC content of 0.5 g kg−1, each 1 g kg−1 increase in SOC content resulted in a corresponding decrease in AP content of 3.7 mg kg−1 and AK content of 0.28 mg kg−1 in the consolidated soil. Therefore efforts to simultaneously increase soil essential nutrient in order to achieve high standard farmland remain a challenging endeavor for farmers.

Spatial Policy of Selected Communes in Vicinity of Warsaw in Scope of Land Consolidation Areas and Secondary Land Property Divisions

Spatial Policy of Selected Communes in Vicinity of Warsaw in Scope of Land Consolidation Areas and Secondary Land Property Divisions

景观生态学在土地整治中的应用研究进展

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 景观生态学在土地整治中的应用研究进展 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201612132562 作者: 作者单位: 国土资源部土地整治中心土地整治重点实验室,国土资源部土地整治中心土地整治重点实验室;中国地质大学北京土地科学技术学院 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: 基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（41171152） Current status and prospects for practical research of landscape ecology in land consolidation Author: Affiliation: Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100035, China, Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:在土地整治中融入景观生态学理念是推动土地整治生态建设的必然要求。阐述了土地整治中的景观生态学原理，分析了相关文献变化和研究重点，总结了中国土地整治中的景观生态学研究现状，提出了土地整治中的景观生态学研究展望：（1）重视土地整治中景观生态学的基础理论研究，构建土地整治的景观生态学理论与技术体系；（2）加强土地整治的景观动态与生态效应机制研究，建立适用土地整治景观生态影响的方法和模型；（3）强化土地整治的多尺度和长序列景观生态研究，揭示土地整治过程中的尺度效应和多尺度耦合机制；（4）加强土地整治中多种生态系统服务的集成与优化，强化用于指导土地整治生态规划设计与管理工作，以期为深化土地整治中的景观生态学研究提供借鉴和启示。 Abstract:The land consolidation project in China was initiated in the late 1990s and largely implemented after 2008. It was regarded as one of the largest human-induced land-use change projects that have had profound effects on local and regional ecosystems. However, in comparison with the studies in developed countries, studies from the practical perspective of landscape ecology in the land consolidation projections are quite limited in China. It is necessary to integrate the concept of landscape ecology into land consolidation practices to promote the construction of ecological civilization. Landscape ecology in land consolidation has become an important part of the practices of landscape ecology in China. This paper elaborated the principles of landscape ecology in land consolidation, analyzed the quantity of literature and the main hot spots of the application of landscape ecology in land consolidation practices, and provided a brief overview of current research in China. Our findings revealed that currently, research on the application of landscape ecology to land consolidation in China is facing unprecedented development opportunities and also severe challenges. Thus, we put forward four developmental strategies for practical landscape ecology research in land consolidation as follows:(1) Promote the study of the basic theories of landscape ecology in land consolidation, and construct related theory and technology systems. Summarize the theories of landscape ecology according to the characteristics of the land consolidation projects, recognize landscape-level ecological effects of different land consolidation methods, and develop and implement land consolidation planning, which is more in line with ecological civilization. (2) Enhance the study of the mechanism of landscape ecology in land consolidation, and establish methods and models of the landscape ecological impact of land consolidation. Explore energy, physical, and biological processes by establishing long-term observation parcels in the land consolidation area; analyze the mechanism of the impact of land consolidation on ecological effects. Then, establish a model to quantify the impact of land consolidation on ecological processes. (3) Strengthen the multi-scale and long-term study of landscape ecology in land consolidation, and reveal its scale effect and multi-scale coupling mechanism. Conduct long-term observations and experiments on project scale, establish a scientific field experiment and data analysis program at the village, county, and regional scale, and conduct analysis of scale effect and multi-scale coupling through model simulation and precision verification. (4) Emphasize integration and optimization research in analyzing multiple ecosystem services of land consolidation in order to guide ecological planning, design, and management of land consolidation. Disclose the ecosystem services value of land consolidation areas based on the models of InVEST and ARIES, among others, and reveal the changes in ecosystem service values before and after the land consolidation project with the support of Matlab and ArcGIS software platforms to evaluate the effect of land consolidation on the relationships among supply services, support services, regulatory services, and cultural services. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献