Lamp Poles Research Articles

Study on the influence of cap connection mode on the deformation of all-steel spiral anchor

Abstract Spiral anchors find widespread use across diverse projects, including residential, commercial, street lamp poles, photovoltaic systems, and transmission tower infrastructure, due to their simple structure, convenient construction, high degree of mechanization, and minimal soil disturbance. All-steel spiral anchors offer notable advantages in terms of ease and environmental friendliness. To bolster their utilization in power transmission engineering applications, based on the application requirements of the spiral anchor foundation of the Weifang Guanting transmission tower, the influence of the connection method of the bearing platform on the deformation of the all-steel spiral anchor is studied. The results show that both the welding and bolt connection methods can meet the required stiffness of the project.

Design and Development of A Traffic Light Simulation Model Based on Arduino Microcontroller

Congestion is one of the transportation problems with the highest percentage to occur at every intersection in all corners of the region. Efforts can be made to solve these problems by making the traffic light regulation system (APILL) in general, APILL still uses static cycle time with cable networks as interconnects between lamp poles, making it difficult to adjust the phase and cycle time referring to traffic conditions that tend to be dynamic, even requiring high procurement and maintenance costs for underground cables. Based on the above, the research team wants to create a simulation mockup of APILL whose cycle time and phase can be set through calculations on the Android platform with wireless interconnection, as well as can be used as a learning facility for cadets/I to provide an understanding of the applicable phase at the intersection, to be able to analyze the performance of an intersection and how APILL works on roads.

Perencanaan Instalasi Penerangan Jalan Umum Pada Jl. Sungai Kapih Kecamatan Sambutan Samarinda

The installation of public street lighting serves as a tool for road users when they are active at night and increases the safety and comfort of road users from crime or unwanted things and also complements the road that can be placed on the right / left or the middle of the road (median) as well. Planning for public street lighting on SungaiKapih road uses LED lights with a power of 60 watts with a protection index (IP) of 65 and has an efficacy of 5 lux which produces a light intensity of 605 Cd. The lamp poles used are galvanized iron poles, the type of lamp poles used is a single-arm octagonal lamp post with a height of 11 meters, installed on the right side of the road parallel to a distance of 40 meters as many as 35 poles. The source of electricity used in the planning of Jalan Sungai Kapih lighting is a source from PLN which is located around the location. The control system for planning the SungaiKapih road uses an automatic and manual system that is controlled by a photocell, contactor and selector switch. The purpose of installing this selector is so that the circuit can still be operated if the timer and photocell are damaged or not functioning and make it easier for related parties to carry out maintenance or repairs on street lights.

Implementation of Public Street Lighting Needs on the Sukabumi Southern Ring Road

Ruas Lingkar Selatan is made to facilitate the mobility of people from Bogor to Cianjur and vice versa without having to pass the jammed roads of Sukabumi city. However, the traffic signs, in Ruas Lingkar Selatan of Sukabumi City has not met the elements of comfort, safety, smoothness, and road safety. In addition, the traffic signs, which is located in Ruas Lingkar Selatan of Sukabumi City, is not complete and does not meet the standards. The purpose of this study was to determine the need for traffic signs, criteria needed on the road ruas lingkar selatan. The regulation used to solve this problem is SNI 7391 2008 concerning specifications for street lighting in urban areas.
 Availability of sufficient lighting is one of the supporting aspects of safety in driving on the highway. Apart from lighting the vehicle itself, the availability of street lighting or commonly known as public street lighting is very important and must be considered properly. Ideally the lights installed are high pressure sodium gas (SON) 250 watts, continuous and partial lamp placement systems, the distance between the traffic signs, poles ruas lingkar selatan is 39 meters with a lighting quality of 10 LUX¸ the lamp poles used are double light poles which is placed in the median of the road, PJU uses solar panels, and in meeting road service standards to be ideal, 317 traffic signs needed.

Design of Secondary Lens for LED Fishing Lamps to Evaluation Catches Energy Efficiency in Saury Fishing

This paper employed ray tracing to design a spotlighting optical lens. TracePro was used to design and simulate a light-emitting diode (LED) lamp for saury fishing with an optimized light distribution that focused light into a fishing net beside a fishing vessel. In the simulation analysis, the irradiance of incandescent lamps deployed on saury fishing vessels was taken as the base figure. The average irradiance of LEDs without the designed lens was 0.83 times the incandescent lamps, whereas the average irradiance of the LEDs with the designed lens was 1.6 times the incandescent lamps. However, considering the usage habits of saury fishing boats, the experimental testing installed the combination on two saury fishing boats. The average irradiance of a combination of LEDs with the designed lens and incandescent lamps ship was 1.14 times the incandescent lamps ship. The boats sailed into the northwest pacific to conduct fuel consumption and catch experiments over three voyages. Savings of 13.0% were achieved in fuel cost required per ton of catch volume, and savings of 20.2% were achieved in average fuel consumption. No significant difference in terms of catch volume was revealed between combination lamp poles and incandescent lamp poles. The proposed lens design effectively enhanced the functionality of LED fishing lights on saury fishing boats. Substituting a portion of incandescent lamps with LED lamps using the proposed lens could effectively save fuel without significantly affecting catch volumes.

SigVox – A 3D feature matching algorithm for automatic street object recognition in mobile laser scanning point clouds

Urban road environments contain a variety of objects including different types of lamp poles and traffic signs. Its monitoring is traditionally conducted by visual inspection, which is time consuming and expensive. Mobile laser scanning (MLS) systems sample the road environment efficiently by acquiring large and accurate point clouds. This work proposes a methodology for urban road object recognition from MLS point clouds. The proposed method uses, for the first time, shape descriptors of complete objects to match repetitive objects in large point clouds. To do so, a novel 3D multi-scale shape descriptor is introduced, that is embedded in a workflow that efficiently and automatically identifies different types of lamp poles and traffic signs. The workflow starts by tiling the raw point clouds along the scanning trajectory and by identifying non-ground points. After voxelization of the non-ground points, connected voxels are clustered to form candidate objects. For automatic recognition of lamp poles and street signs, a 3D significant eigenvector based shape descriptor using voxels (SigVox) is introduced. The 3D SigVox descriptor is constructed by first subdividing the points with an octree into several levels. Next, significant eigenvectors of the points in each voxel are determined by principal component analysis (PCA) and mapped onto the appropriate triangle of a sphere approximating icosahedron. This step is repeated for different scales. By determining the similarity of 3D SigVox descriptors between candidate point clusters and training objects, street furniture is automatically identified. The feasibility and quality of the proposed method is verified on two point clouds obtained in opposite direction of a stretch of road of 4km. 6 types of lamp pole and 4 types of road sign were selected as objects of interest. Ground truth validation showed that the overall accuracy of the ∼170 automatically recognized objects is approximately 95%. The results demonstrate that the proposed method is able to recognize street furniture in a practical scenario. Remaining difficult cases are touching objects, like a lamp pole close to a tree.

Automatic Point Cloud Registration Using a Single Octagonal Lamp Pole

Registration is an essential procedure for merging point clouds defined in different coordinate systems associated to different scanner positions and orientations. It is usually the first step before the point clouds are further processed to provide spatial information of a scene to support engineering applications. In this paper, a new automatic registration method based on a novel geometric model of a polygonal object is presented. Since the cross section of the shaft of many lamp poles is octagonal, registration based on an octagonal pyramid model is proposed. The presented method only requires a single, common octagonal lamp pole observed in both point clouds, though actual overlap of the point clouds is not strictly required. It can be performed as long as the model parameters can be estimated by fitting the point observations to the model. Moreover, no user interaction is needed to derive approximate values, so the proposed registration can be completely automated. Three independent datasets captured by two scanners were used to verify the method. The registration accuracies in the horizontal and vertical directions were up to 11.7 mm and 4.4 mm at approximately 62 m and 17 m away from the scanner, respectively. With such high accuracies, the estimated registration parameters can serve as a set of initial parameters for fine registration using algorithm such as the iterative closest point (icp).

Automatic In Situ Calibration of a Spinning Beam LiDAR System in Static and Kinematic Modes

The Velodyne LiDAR series is one of the most popular spinning beam LiDAR systems currently available on the market. In this paper, the temporal stability of the range measurements of the Velodyne HDL-32E LiDAR system is first investigated as motivation for the development of a new automatic calibration method that allows quick and frequent recovery of the inherent time-varying errors. The basic principle of the method is that the LiDAR’s internal systematic error parameters are estimated by constraining point clouds of some known and automatically detected cylindrical features such as lamp poles to fit to the 3D cylinder models. This is analogous to the plumb-line calibration method in which the lens distortion parameters are estimated by constraining the image points of straight lines to fit to the 2D line model. The calibration can be performed at every measurement epoch in both static and kinematic modes. Four real datasets were used to verify the method, two of which were captured in static mode and the other two in kinematic mode. The overall results indicate that up to approximately 72% and 41% accuracy improvement were realized as a result of the calibration for the static and kinematic datasets, respectively.

Design of optical elements with two refractive surfaces to generate a prescribed intensity distribution

A novel technique for designing optical elements with two refractive surfaces intended to generate a required intensity distribution has been presented. The design procedure makes it possible to control the balance of deflection angles between the inner and outer surfaces. As an example, an optical element producing the intensity distribution for illumination of class A road has been designed. The optical efficiency of the computed element is 89 % and such a secondary optics meets the requirements of class A road regulations when lamp poles are separated by a distance of 20-35 m.

Geometric Modelling of Octagonal Lamp Poles

Abstract. Lamp poles are one of the most abundant highway and community components in modern cities. Their supporting parts are primarily tapered octagonal cones specifically designed for wind resistance. The geometry and the positions of the lamp poles are important information for various applications. For example, they are important to monitoring deformation of aged lamp poles, maintaining an efficient highway GIS system, and also facilitating possible feature-based calibration of mobile LiDAR systems. In this paper, we present a novel geometric model for octagonal lamp poles. The model consists of seven parameters in which a rotation about the z-axis is included, and points are constrained by the trigonometric property of 2D octagons after applying the rotations. For the geometric fitting of the lamp pole point cloud captured by a terrestrial LiDAR, accurate initial parameter values are essential. They can be estimated by first fitting the points to a circular cone model and this is followed by some basic point cloud processing techniques. The model was verified by fitting both simulated and real data. The real data includes several lamp pole point clouds captured by: (1) Faro Focus 3D and (2) Velodyne HDL-32E. The fitting results using the proposed model are promising, and up to 2.9 mm improvement in fitting accuracy was realized for the real lamp pole point clouds compared to using the conventional circular cone model. The overall result suggests that the proposed model is appropriate and rigorous.

Application of LEDs to Fishing Lights for Pacific Saury

We attempted the development of highly efficient fishing lights using LEDs for saury fishing. Considering the spectral luminous efficacy characteristic of a Pacific saury, LED fishing lights were fabricated. Transmission properties in sea water in LED fishing lights were investigated, and it was found that the fabricated LED fishing lights sufficiently can be utilized even in sea water. Furthermore, we attempted the saury-fishing experiments by using the LED fishing lights, and comparable catch of Pacific saury was achieved by approximately 55% electric power by using both LED poles and incandescent lamp poles.

주요간선 도로에 설치된 가로등의 현장실태조사를 통한 정성적 분석

When a heavy rain occurs, many electrical shock victims are produced every year because lamp poles are under water. In order to prevent electrical shock accidents at a street lamp, the investigation was carried out at real field conditions. The investigation was performed about the circuit configuration of a panel board, a wiring method, a grounding conductor, a lamp pole and so on. The related regulation was analyzed and the problems were presented. Also, the domestic and foreign things were compared and analyzed by the investigation of the field conditions, and the related standard was already revised. Through investigating the field conditions and analyzing the related regulation, it is intended to present the real data to establish more effective preventive measures against electrical shock accidents at a street lamp to be installed on the road. In the future, the analytical data can be applied to stabilize other electrical facilities on the road as well as a street lamp, and to reduce the electrical disasters.