Lacrimal Sac Rhinosporidiosis Research Articles

Lacrimal Sac Rhinosporidiosis: Clinical Profile and Gram Stain as a Method of Preoperative Diagnosis.

To describe the clinical profile of lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis and to introduce a method for preoperative microbial identification of rhinosporidiosis using Gram stain. This is a prospective study, carried out from January 2016 to January 2022. This series included 18 patients with clinical suspicion of lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis. All patients underwent a comprehensive eye check-up. Mucopurulent discharge collected by a sterile swab after applying pressure over the sac area and Gram staining was done. All patients underwent dacryocystectomy. The sac contents were sent for histopathology, and rhinosporidiosis was confirmed. A total of 18 patients over a period of 6 years with suspicion of lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis were included. There were 11 (61.1%) male patients. Ten patients (55.5 %) had a history of either regular or occasional bathing in stagnant water. Nontender doughy swelling over the lacrimal sac region was the most common presentation. Gram staining of the mucopurulent discharge revealed thick-walled sporangia with endospores suggestive of rhinosporidiosis in all these cases. All patients underwent dacryocystectomy. Hematoxylin and eosin sections confirmed the diagnosis. Two patients had recurrence within 6 months after surgery. Regurgitation of pus mixed with whitish granular particles or blood is highly suspicious of rhinosporidiosis. In clinically suspected cases, microbial diagnosis using Gram stain is an economical, office procedure, which helps the surgeon to plan for the surgery and for better counseling.

Clinical Spectrum and Management Outcome of Ocular and Adnexal Rhinosporidiosis.

To describe the clinical spectrum and management outcomes of ocular rhinosporidiosis. All histopathologically diagnosed cases of ocular rhinosporidiosis between January 2000 and December 2016 were included in the study. The lesions were classified based on the site of involvement, namely conjunctiva, lacrimal sac, eyelid, and orbit. The frequency and percentages for each of the lesions and the different treatment modalities were noted and calculated. Any recurrence and its subsequent management were also noted. A total of 34 patients were included with a male-to-female ratio of 2.7:1. Conjunctiva was the most common site involved (19, 55.8%), followed by lacrimal sac (11, 32.3%) and eyelid (3, 8.82%). One patient had orbital involvement secondary to sinonasal extension. The mean duration of symptoms was 14.8 ± 19.1 months (range, 1-84 months). Seven (36.8%) patients in the conjunctival group needed scleral patch graft. Five patients (45.4%) with lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis underwent dacryocystectomy and modified dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR). The mean follow-up period was 5.43 ± 7.9 months (range, 1-36 months). Five (14.7%) patients (2 conjunctival, 2 lacrimal, and 1 eyelid) had recurrence. Conjunctiva is the most common site for ocular rhinosporidiosis, followed by lacrimal sac. While conjunctival lesions respond well to complete excision with cauterization of the base, lacrimal sac lesions can be managed by a modified DCR. Eyelid rhinosporidiosis can mimic a neoplasm and should be considered in differential diagnosis in suspicious lesions, especially in endemic areas.

Rhinosporidiosis of the lacrimal sac in a tertiary care hospital of India - A retrospective case study.

Purpose:Though rhinosporidiosis of the lacrimal sac is a rare disease across the globe, the frequency with which these patients come to the outpatient department in western Odisha is quite alarming. This study was undertaken to upgrade the knowledge about the clinical profile and management of rhinosporidiosis of the lacrimal sac.Methods:This is a retrospective study comprising 32 clinically diagnosed and histopathologically proved cases of lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis who were managed with dacryocystectomy with meticulous excision. Intraoperative copious irrigation with 5% povidone–iodine for 5 min and postoperative dapsone therapy for 3–6 months had been administered to all the patients. The mean follow-up period was 16.7 months. The study was conducted over 5 years from August 2015 to July 2020.Results:Rhinosporidium seeberi, an aquatic protistan parasite, was found to be the causative agent. Males and females were affected equally. Children less than 10 years of age comprised 56.2% (18 cases). History of pond bathing was found in 100% of cases. The most common presentation was boggy swelling over the lacrimal sac. The involvement was unilateral in all the cases. None of the patients were found to have nasal involvement. In 65.6%, the lesion was limited within the sac. Recurrence was noted in 25% of cases.Conclusion:Rhinosporidiosis of the lacrimal sac should be excluded in all patients presenting with boggy swelling of the lacrimal sac with a history of pond bath. The recurrence can be minimized by meticulous excision, intraoperative betadine, and postoperative dapsone therapy.

Lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis mimicking soft tissue sarcoma: a case report

<div class="WordSection1"><p class="abstract">Rhinosporidiosis is a granulomatous disease caused by <em>Rhinosporidium seeberi</em>, usually affecting the nasal mucosa. Involvement of other sites of body in rhinosporidiosis especially, the lacrimal sac involvement is very rare. Hence, we report a case of lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis in an adult male patient who presented with infraorbital swelling.</p></div>

External dacryocystorhinostomy for isolated lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis - A suitable alternative to dacryocystectomy.

Purpose:To describe the outcome of external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) as a suitable alternative to dacryocystectomy (DCT) in cases of isolated lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis.Methods:This was a retrospective, interventional case series. Institutional review board approval was obtained for the study. The chart review of 13 patients who underwent external DCR surgery for isolated lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis between July 2012 and May 2018 was performed. Demographic details, clinical presentation, preoperative and intraoperative findings, surgical technique used, postoperative management, surgical outcome and duration of follow up were reviewed for each patient.Results:Thirteen patients were included in the study. Nine (69.2%) were male and four (30.8%) were female. The mean age was 22.1 years (range: 8–46 years). Involvement was unilateral in all cases. The commonest presenting complaint was epiphora with discharge seen in 10 cases (76.9%). An intrasac granuloma was grossly identified intraoperatively in 12 out of the 13 patients. Mean follow up was 26.9 months (range: 1.5–68 months). Till the last follow up, all cases were symptom free and did not have any evidence of recurrence of infection.Conclusion:From this series of cases reported by the authors, external DCR with appropriate precautions to prevent recurrence appears to be a suitable alternative to conventional DCT with excellent long-term outcomes without disease recurrence.

Rhinosporidosis of Lacrimal Sac: A Case Report

Rhinosporidiosis is a granulomatous disease that is caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi Initially described by Seeber in in an individual from Argentina rhinosporidiosis is endemic in South India Sri Lanka South America and Africa It usually affects the nasal mucosa and nasopharynx and rarely the conjunctiva lacrimal sac tonsils and skin The clinical presentation is usually the pinkish polypoidal bleeding mass in the nasal cavity This is a case study of an unusual presentation of isolated lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis in a year old girl from a non endemic area

Educational report: A case of lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis

ABSTRACTThis article reports a presentation of lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis and informs the reader of this uncommon but important diagnosis. A 36-year-old man from Pakistan presented with a 3-month history of swelling at the nasal aspect of the left lower lid. This was associated with occasional crepitus and slight localised discomfort, but no epiphora. There was a palpable fullness near the left medial canthus associated with telecanthus but a normal sac washout and normal eye examination otherwise. Previous medical history included an ipsilateral nasal polypectomy and inferior meatal antrostomy around 10 years previously, whilst living in Pakistan. Various imaging modalities were useful in identifying a soft tissue mass within the left nasolacrimal duct. Following excision biopsy, histological examination confirmed the presence of rhinosporidiosis, likely caused by the organism Rhinosporidium seeberi. Rhinosporidiosis should be considered as a potential cause in any case of lacrimal sac pathology. Imaging studies may be helpful in measuring the extent of disease, although histological examination is required to confirm the diagnosis. Although rare, the complications of rhinosporidiosis can be potentially blinding or fatal. As discussed in this case, the presence of telecanthus may represent a lacrimal system tumour, either malignant or benign, and should always prompt further investigation.

Lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis

Rhinosporidiosis is caused by the organism Rhinosporidium seeberi . It is a rare aquatic protistan parasite. Though more prevalent in Asiatic regions, cases have also been reported in European countries. In India, it mostly affects the southern part. Rhinosporidium seeberi most commonly affects the mucous membranes, but can also affect other structures including the larynx, trachea, skin, genitalia, lungs and rectum. The typical presentation is that of a pinkish mass which bleeds profusely. Isolated lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis is very rare. Computed tomography scans and magnetic resonance imaging are helpful in diagnosis, but histopathological study along with Gomori methenamine silver, periodic acid-Schiff, and potassium chloride are required for confirmation. Its mainstay of treatment is surgery. Prognosis is excellent, but recurrence is not unusual.

Lacrimal Sac Rhinosporidiosis: An Unusual Case Report

Rhinosporidiosis is a granulomatous disease that is a disease caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi. Though it occurs universally, the disease is widely prevalent in the tropics, especially in southern India and Sri Lanka. It usually affects the nasal mucosa and nasopharynx and rarely the conjunctiva, lacrimal sac, tonsils and skin. We present a case study of an isolated lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis in a 15-year-old boy who was a resident of Terai. He presented with a diffuse left medial infraorbital swelling for a period of 14 months. He also complained of intermittent epiphora. External examination of the left eye revealed a diffuse, soft, and nontender swelling in the medial infraorbital region. Fine needle aspiration report was inconclusive. A computed tomography scan of the paranasal sinuses revealed an isodense lesion with mild enhancement within the preseptal compartment along the inferior aspect of the left orbit. A dacryocystectomy was performed and histopathology report confirmed rhinosporidiosis. There is no recurrence after 2 years of follow up.

Lacrimal Sac Rhinosporidiosis: Clinical Profile and Surgical Management by Modified Dacryocystorhinostomy

Purpose: To describe the clinical profile and surgical management of patients with lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis.Methods: This is a retrospective interventional case series. Eighteen patients, who were clinically diagnosed as isolated lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis between October 2009 to January 2012, were included in the study. Detailed history, including whether there was exposure to stagnant bathing water, was noted. All patients underwent modified dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) under general anaesthesia.Result: Out of 18 patients, 14 were male and 4 were female. Rhinosporidiosis was more prevalent in the 25 to 34 years age group. The most common clinical presentation was a doughy swelling over the lacrimal sac area, present in all cases. Twelve patients (66.67%) had a history of bathing in stagnant water. After modified DCR operation, all patients were followed for one year and only two patients had recurrence of their disease.Conclusion: Patients with lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis usually present with a soft, doughy swelling in the lacrimal sac area. Bathing in stagnant water is a common risk factor. A modified DCR yields excellent outcomes.

Infestation of the lacrimal sac by Rhinosporidium seeberi: A clinicopathological case report

Rhinosporidium seeberi, till recently known as a fungus, has been reclassified as a protistan parasite. It infects humans and many animal species. The authors describe a rare case of oculosporidiosis with involvement of the lacrimal sac exhibiting features of idiopathic orbital inflammatory disease in a young male patient. Clinical features, pathophysiology, and management of lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis have been discussed.

Rhinosporidiosis of lacrimal sac: A rare case report from north east India

Rhinosporidiosis usually affects the mucous membrane of nose and conjunctiva, less frequently lacrimal sac, urethra, and skin. This is a case presentation of rare lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis for the first time reported from the state of Tripura in North East India. Diagnosis of rhinosporidiosis is usually made by routine histological examination and treatment is surgical excision. It needs follow up as recurrence is common.

Primary Lacrimal Sac Rhinosporidiosis With Grossly Dilated Sac and Nasolacrimal Duct

Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic infection of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract. The authors report a case of primary lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis with a grossly dilated sac and nasolacrimal duct as seen on CT dacryocystography. Despite a chronic infection of 12 years' duration, there was no involvement of conjunctiva, nasal, or nasopharyngeal mucosa.

Lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis.

Rhinosporidiosis is a disease caused by the organism Rhinosporidium seeberi, which is now believed to be a rare aquatic protistan parasite of fish. Ocular rhinosporidiosis is worldwide in distribution but relatively more common in India and Shrilanka. We report a retrospective case record of isolated lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis in an 8 year male child from western Maharashtra. The clinical features, management and review of literature is discussed in brief.

Lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis: A case report

Rhinosporidiosis is a disease caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi. It usually affects the nasal mucosa and rarely the conjunctiva, lacrimal sac, tonsils, and skin. We present a case study of an isolated lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis in an 8-year-old girl who was a migrant from Orissa, an Eastern coastal state of India. The mode of presentation and management of this case with a review of literature is discussed in brief.