Lack Of Tolerance Research Articles

The Emerging Role of Pharmacotherapy in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a prevalent pathology with current modalities of treatment including continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), surgery, weight loss, hypoglossal nerve stimulation, and pharmacotherapy. While CPAP is the current standard treatment for OSA, lack of tolerance and side effects necessitate alternative modalities of treatment. Various pharmacologic agents exist with mechanisms that may target OSA. Early trials have demonstrated efficacy of noradrenergic-antimuscarinic combinations to stimulate the airway, promote pharyngeal muscle tone, and prevent airway collapse. These agents, which we discuss in detail, have demonstrated significant reductions in apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and lowest oxygen saturations based on preliminary studies. Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), which stimulate endogenous insulin, reducing glucagon release, and decreasing gastric emptying, have shown positive results for OSA patients through weight loss with reductions in AHI. In this narrative review article, we highlight the mechanisms, current data, and future potential for multiple drug classes, including respiratory stimulants and GLP-1RAs.

Harmful Health Impacts of Heavy Metals and Behavioral Changes in Humans

Heavy metal pollution not only affects the environment but also the behavior of people who are greatly dependent on their surrounding environment for their survival. There are both natural and anthropogenic sources of heavy metals but their pollution by manmade activities are quite faster than natural sources. A person gets exposed to heavy metals by four major exposure pathways i.e. inhalation, ingestion, dermal exposure and injection. After exposure to heavy metals, internal normal body functions of an individual gets disturbed. This in turn alters the human behavior from normal to an abnormal state. Various behavioral changes are associated with heavy metals exposure such as depression, anxiety, irregular heartbeats, stress, decrease in strength and power, lack of confidence, restlessness, lack of tolerance and aggressions among the individuals and the society as a whole. This review entails the information regarding sources of heavy metals, exposure pathways and health effects of heavy metals resulting in behavioral changes in humans.

Peran Guru Sosiologi Dalam Menanamkan Sikap Toleransi Paham Keagamaan Di Lingkungan Pesantren

This research is based on researcher's concern that Islamic boarding school graduates, especially those with a Salaf background, have an exclusive mindset when they return to society they are less able to implement their mission as religious agents in the social environment due to being surprised by the diversity of society and sects in Islam. This is because the graduates of Islamic boarding school believe that anything that is not the same as what they understood is a mistake. Therefore, formal school teachers have a role and duty as a lens to provide insight for students in the current era where Islamic boarding schools have intensively built formal institutions in their environment. To explore this problem, the researcher formulated the research focus as follows: 1.) What is the role of the Sociology teacher in instilling an attitude of religious tolerance in the Islamic boarding school environment for X grade students at SMAI Sunan Gunung Jati Tulungagung? 2.) What are the Sociology teachers' efforts to instill an attitude of religious tolerance in X grade students at SMAI Sunan Gunung Jati Tulungagung? 3.) What is the impact of the role of sociology teachers in instilling tolerance of religious understanding in the pesantren environment on class X students at SMAI Sunan Gunung Jati Tulungagung., to determine the efforts of Sociology teachers in instilling an attitude of religious tolerance in the Islamic Boarding School environment in X grade students at SMAI Sunan Gunung Jati Tulungagung, to know the impact of the role of sociology teachers in instilling religious tolerance in X grade students at SMAI Sunan Gunung Jati Tulungagung. This research used descriptive qualitative research by using a case study approach. The methods used in this research were participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Meanwhile, the data analysis techniques used were data reduction, data presentation and inference. In checking data validity, the researcher used extended participation, persistence or regularity of observation and triangulation. The result of the study showed that 1.) The role of sociology teachers in educating students about religious tolerance is to teach, guide, train, assess, evaluate and provide direction to students by providing feedback to exchange ideas and insights in the discussion process, then give understanding in sociology materials and train students to respect differences 2.) Teachers’ effort in instilling an attitude of religious tolerance in students by strengthening character education. Then, by using learning media such as showing or displaying videos related to actions of religious tolerance, providing hot issues that exist in community life about lack of tolerance in religion. Besides, students are given concrete examples of teachers' attitudes 3.) Impact of the role of sociology teachers in educating an attitude of religious tolerance is that the students have a better insight of the importance of tolerance. In its implementation, there are changes in students' attitudes towards knowledge and understanding so that students' character is formed.

Moral message of tolerance in Coki & Muslim's Youtube podcast on Being Human

Moral messages are an important part so that we can add knowledge about the value of life. Moral messages can be conveyed through means of communication, one of which is through mass media that are comprehensive for the community. Submission of information via YouTube can be done quickly, one of which is through Podcasts. This study aims to determine the contents of the moral message contained in the podcast from the perspective of Coki & Muslims about tolerance for diversity and sensitive comedy on YouTube "Menjadi Manusia". The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method using John Fiske's theory where in conducting this research it describes the emergency of tolerance in Indonesia which has resulted in persecution of Tretan and Coki contained in the podcast content and what moral message is contained therein. By conducting this research, the researchers found results that there is a lack of tolerance in Indonesia and the treatment of organizations, especially the persecution of certain parties they perceive as threats. Therefore, the researcher concludes that the younger generation must do something about this problem of tolerance according to their respective capacities and not become a group that just stays silent and allows intolerance to occur.

The Effect of Knowledge of Human Rights Concepts on Global Diversity in FKIP University Riau Students

This research is motivated by a lack of tolerance as a form of global diversity among the community and students. This study aims to determine whether there is an influence of knowledge of the concept of human rights on global diversity in FKIP students at the University of Riau. This study used a quantitative research method with a causal associative approach, and involved students of the Teaching and Education Faculty of the University of Riau as research subjects. The data collection instrument used was a questionnaire, data processing used the IBM SPSS Version 25 application. Based on the results of the analysis, a simple linear regression equation was obtained, namely Ŷ = 10.904 + 0.381X, the regression coefficient X was 0.381 which stated that an addition of 1% value of human rights concept knowledge, then global diversity will increase by 0.381. Furthermore, the results of the t test obtained t_count (10.904) t_table (1.98) which shows that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. Thus, the research hypothesis is accepted that there is an influence of knowledge of the concept of human rights on global diversity in FKIP students at the University of Riau.

Preclinical and clinical pharmacology of brexanolone (allopregnanolone) for postpartum depression: a landmark journey from concept to clinic in neurosteroid replacement therapy.

This article describes the critical role of neurosteroids in postpartum depression (PPD) and outlines the landmark pharmacological journey of brexanolone as a first-in-class neurosteroid antidepressant with significant advantages over traditional antidepressants. PPD is a neuroendocrine disorder that affects about 20% of mothers after childbirth and is characterized by symptoms including persistent sadness, fatigue, dysphoria, as well as disturbances in cognition, emotion, appetite, and sleep. The main pathology behind PPD is the postpartum reduction of neurosteroids, referred to as neurosteroid withdrawal, a concept pioneered by our preclinical studies. We developed neurosteroid replacement therapy (NRT) as a rational approach for treating PPD and other conditions related to neurosteroid deficiency, unveiling the power of neurosteroids as novel anxiolytic-antidepressants. The neurosteroid, brexanolone (BX), is a progesterone-derived allopregnanolone that rapidly relieves anxiety and mood deficits by activating GABA-A receptors, making it a transformational treatment for PPD. In 2019, the FDA approved BX, an intravenous formulation of allopregnanolone, as an NRT to treat PPD. In clinical studies, BX significantly improved PPD symptoms within hours of administration, with tolerable side effects including headache, dizziness, and somnolence. We identified the molecular mechanism of BX in a neuronal PPD-like milieu. The mechanism of BX involves activation of both synaptic and extrasynaptic GABA-A receptors, which promote tonic inhibition and serve as a key target for PPD and related conditions. Neurosteroids offer several advantages over traditional antidepressants, including rapid onset, unique mechanism, and lack of tolerance upon repeated use. Some limitations of BX therapy include lack of aqueous solubility, limited accessibility, hospitalization for treatment, lack of oral product, and serious adverse events at high doses. However, the unmet need for synthetic neurosteroids to address this critical condition supersedes these limitations. Recently, we developed novel hydrophilic neurosteroids with a superior profile and improved drug delivery. Overall, approval of BX is a major milestone in the field of neurotherapeutics, paving the way for the development of novel synthetic neurosteroids to treat depression, epilepsy, and status epilepticus.

The Value of Religious Moderation in the Learning of Islamic Religious Education and Characteristics of Class XI Students at SMK Negeri 1 Lumajang Indonesia

The number of cases of intolerance that have occurred in Indonesia, especially in educational institutions, shows that there is a lack of tolerance in them. This should be immediately addressed by educational institutions to create conducive school conditions. In the world of education, students are a group that is very prone to being swept up by the currents of religious radicalism. The age is still very young and still unstable with a fiery enthusiasm, as well as the longing to practice religion more thoroughly, making young people the target of radical groups who preach religious understanding and attitudes that are rigid and tend to be shallow. On the other hand, at the same time, religious liberalism has also begun to infiltrate some young people, namely high school students. Because of that, the world of education has a role to fortify students so that they can always be in the middle, not taking sides to the left and right, guiding students to be fair, the middle position makes a person visible to anyone from different angles.

FREEDOM OF RELIGION IN THE EUROPEAN PUBLIC SPACE. REMARKS BASED ON THE LATEST CASE LAW OF SELECTED INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL COURTS CONCERNING RELIGIOUS SYMBOLS

The author attempts to analyse selected rulings of the European courts concerning religious symbols in order to answer the question whether freedom of religion is still respected in Europe. The analysis is based on the reflection on the context of contemporary European cultural landscape: diversity of constitutional models of particular states, the concept of neutrality in the matter of religion, and the ability of contemporary political elites and judges to understand the sphere of the sacred (sacrum). The selection criteria for the rulings have been cases concerning objects related to practising religion: (i) the hijab – an Islamic headscarf, (ii) the burqa – a garment covering practically the entire body, and (iii) the crucifix hung on a classroom wall. The review brings up important questions about lack of tolerance, pluralism and acceptance of religious diversity in contemporary Europe, and ‘reasonable accommodation’ as a possible solution.

Pentingnya Pendidikan Akhlak dalam Kehidupan Masyarakat Islam

The importance of maintaining Ukhuwah Islamiah among people who are currently experiencing moral degradation. The phenomenon of lack of mutual respect, indifference between members of society, lack of tolerance, and fading of mutual cooperation are the main problems of Islamic society today. The research entitled "The Importance of Moral Education in Community Life" is a qualitative research with a literature study approach. Where researchers will refer to several books, scientific works (journals), and books that discuss strengthening morals in society. The results of this study reveal that it is important to learn and practice moral education in a society that is oriented towards the verses of the Koran and the Prophet's Hadith as a reflection of its implementation, such as answering greetings, answering people who sneeze, fulfill invitations, visit thsick, give each other advice, and participate. Take the jenazah to the cemetery. This aims to create an Islamic society and synergy

Common Factors Contributing to Divorce among Couples in Zanzibar

This dissertation attempts to assess assessed common factors contributing to divorce among couples in Zanzibar. The study employed a qualitative research approach where by interview and documentary reviews were used as a method of data collection. A total of 35 participants involved in this study, where by 30 participants were divorced men and women who were obtained through snowball sampling and five Kadhis who were purposely selected from both Unguja and Pemba districts. Thematic analysis procedure was applied to analyze data. The study found that there is a high prevalence of divorce among Zanzibar couples. The interviewees were particularly concerned about the overwhelming number of divorces which was on a steady uptrend. The study identifies factors which lead to the rate of divorce in Zanzibar and found that lack of tolerance among the couples, family interference of their children marriage, psychological and emotional abuse were the major common factors contributing to divorce among couples in Zanzibar. The study concluded that divorce problem is at larger extent and participants are aware of the magnitude of the divorce and it occurs every day and everywhere in Zanzibar. Thus this is a serious problem among young couples and children. In addition, family interference of children marriage and social networking, immaturity, sexual dissatisfaction, psychological and emotional abuse, drug abuse, poverty, belief on financial expenditure, financial stress contributes more to divorce among Zanzibar people. This leads to majority of young couples to face frequently fights in their marriages hence influencing divorce.

Membaca Konflik: Problematika dan Refleksi atas Kehidupan Beragama Masyarakat Aceh Singkil

Aceh is a region in Indonesia that implements a special autonomy policy based on Islamic law. In that special autonomy, one of the things that are regulated is the freedom of religion that has been enshrined in the qanun. Qanun is a local regulation that regulates the government and lives of people in Aceh Province. In the qanun, the religious freedom of the people of Aceh has been guaranteed and protected. However, there are some conflicts between religious groups that have the potential to cause disharmony. One such region is Singkil. This article aims to describe the problems and reflections on the religious life of the people of Aceh Singkil. The research method used in this study is qualitative with a literary study approach. The results showed that there are factors that encourage the emergence of conflicts, namely the lack of tolerance and cynicism toward a difference in society. Therefore, it is necessary to realize inclusive community attitudes and strengthen the literacy of moderation of religious life through various humanist approaches. In addition, a firm attitude of the government is needed in setting a fair policy that accommodates all groups.

Dissociation and emotional dysregulation in pathological personalities related to the fear of SARS-COV-2: a case report

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic represented a serious strain on the mental health resilience worldwide. Implementation of restrictive rules implied the disruption of social networks, eliciting emotional exhaustion and intense response to fear. This was amplified by media spread of panic and fake news, representing risk factors for post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Fear can be dangerous, especially accounting premorbid psychopathological vulnerability, such as pathological personality traits. Emotional dysregulation increases fear levels, mediated by the relationship between emotional dysregulation and lack of tolerance.ObjectivesClinical case presentation of patient who developed dissociative and behavioral symptoms following COVID-19 infection. Bibliographic research.MethodsBibliographic research using Pubmed®. Clinical file consultation and patient interviews.ResultsHeightened psychophysiological reactivity can result from the persistent fear experienced during a traumatic event and repeated memories related to it, leading to a sensitization of the response to fear. We present 57 year-old female patient, admitted to the COVID ward after trying to escape from home isolation due to positivity to COVID-19. In the hospital setting she developed dissociative symptoms, trying to escape from the ward and infect other people.ConclusionsIntense fear responses to COVID-19 are likely explained by poor emotion regulation capacities as well as dissociative mechanisms. Studies have shown that this pandemic was experienced as a real traumatic event and some studies have found that it may lead to the development of PTSD. Pathological personality is positively related to PTSD symptoms, attributable to higher levels of mood instability, cognitive/perceptual disorders, interpersonal dysfunctions and negative affection.DisclosureNo significant relationships.

MO809: Sucroferric Oxyhydroxide for the Management of Hyperphosphataemia in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Abstract BACKGROUND AND AIMS Bone and mineral metabolism disorders are very common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The increase in phosphorus levels leads to bone disease, risk of calcification and higher mortality, so any strategy aimed at reducing it should be welcomed. The latest drug added to the therapeutic arsenal to treat hyperphosphataemia in CKD is sucroferric oxyhydroxide (SO). Our objective was to analyse the efficacy and safety of SO in patients with CKD on peritoneal dialysis (PD), followed for 6 months. METHOD Observational, multicentre, prospective, clinical practice study. Patients who had been on PD for >6 months and who had been prescribed SO as a treatment for hyperphosphataemia were included; they should also meet any of the following conditions: serum phosphate >4.5 mg/dL, serum phosphate ≤4.5 mg/dL but receiving a high number of tablets or using another phosphate binder with adverse effects or intolerance. Clinical and epidemiological variables were analysed; also parameters related to bone and mineral metabolism disorders and anaemia. Variations in stool consistency and the need for laxatives were also taken into account. RESULTS A total of 92 patients (62 ± 14 years, 66% male, 23% diabetic), from 11 centres, were included in the study. In 66 patients (72%), SO was the first phosphate binder; in the other 26, a previous binder was replaced by SO due to lack of tolerance or efficacy. The initial dose of SO was 942 ± 516 mg/day. Globally, serum phosphate levels decrease at 3 (10.7%, P < .001) and at 6 months of treatment (18.3%, P < .001). After 6 months of treatment, 63% of the patients achieved a phosphataemia of <5 mg/dL and 41% <4.5 mg/dL. The decrease in serum phosphate levels correlated with baseline phosphate level (r = 0.367; P = .039), age (r = .338; P = .033) and time on dialysis (r = 0.578; P = 0.001). There were no differences in the efficacy of the drug when comparing the different populations analysed. Serum levels of calcium, iPTH, ferritin, transferrin saturation index and haemoglobin did not change throughout the study. Stool consistency was reduced, and the need for laxatives decreased by 18%. The mean dose of SO increased over time to 1167 ± 381 mg/day. The drug was well tolerated. CONCLUSION SO is an effective option for the treatment of hyperphosphataemia in PD patients. Age, basal phosphate levels and time in the technique are factors associated with a greater decrease in serum phosphate levels. Stool consistency became softer (which may improve dialysis efficiency) with less need for laxatives.

Analysis of the Group of Pediatric Patients With Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: Data From the Czech National Registry.

ImportanceMultiple sclerosis can also affect children. Approximately 3–10% of patients develop multiple sclerosis before the age of 16.ObjectiveThe aim of this analysis is to describe the characteristics of pediatric patients with multiple sclerosis who started their treatment with disease-modifying drugs in 2013–2020, with data obtained from the Czech National Registry of patients with multiple sclerosis.Design and SettingA method of retrospective analysis conducted with 134 pediatric patients with multiple sclerosis was used.ResultsThe findings reveal that the mean age at the date of the introduction of the first disease-modifying drugs treatment is 15.89 years, and gender does not play any role. In addition, moderate (51.6%) and mild (45.2%) relapses are predominant in these young patients. Seventy five percent of patients will not experience a confirmed progression of the expanded disability status scale within 54.7 months from starting the treatment. Furthermore, the results confirm that the first-choice treatment is interferon beta-a and glatiramer acetate, which is common for adult patients. However, some factors, such as a low efficacy or a lack of tolerance may impact on treatment discontinuation in children.ConclusionMore research should be performed on novel disease-modifying drugs for this target group.

Concepts of Religious Moderation Education at TAPAL KUDA: Linguistic Analysis and Local Wisdom

Indonesia is called a plural country because it consists of various ethnic groups, races, religions, cultures and languages. Thus, the Indonesian people are prone to conflict, especially those related to religious differences. This phenomenon often occurs among teenagers, especially at Tapal Kuda area. The factors that underlie this are the existence of personal interests, the influx of radicalism, economic business, lack of tolerance, increasing politics, fading of local wisdom, excessive sensitivity, miscommunication, and lack of tabayyun attitude. Therefore, this study presents the concept of religious moderation in order to stem this. This study aims to stem the conflict with the concept of religious moderation through a linguistic approach and local wisdom. This research is a qualitative research with observation and interview methods. The data were obtained from interviews with the Tapal Kuda speakers by voice recording and field note-taking. In addition, the researchers also used reflective-introspective methods. The results of this study indicate that (1) The underlying factors are the existence of personal interests, the entry of radicalism, economic business, lack of tolerance, increasing politics, fading of local wisdom, excessive sensitivity, miscommunication, and lack of tabayyun attitude. (2) the concept of religious moderation with a linguistic approach and local wisdom as an alternative solution in stemming conflicts.

Gene Expression of CD70 and CD27 Is Increased in Alopecia Areata Lesions and Associated with Disease Severity and Activity.

Background Alopecia areata (AA) is an acquired hair loss disorder induced by a cell-mediated autoimmune attack against anagen hair follicles. CD27-CD70 is a receptor-ligand complex which enhances T helper and cytotoxic T cell activation, survival, and proliferation. The overstimulation of this complex can lead to a lack of tolerance and the development of autoimmunity. Objectives This study aimed to assess the gene expression of CD27 and CD70 in patients with AA. Methods CD70 and CD27 mRNA expressions were evaluated by a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in scalp biopsies from 40 AA patients (both AA lesions and non-lesional areas) and 40 healthy controls (HCs). The Severity of Alopecia Tool (SALT) score was used to assess AA severity. Patients were evaluated for signs of AA activity, including a positive hair pull test and dermoscopic features of black dots, broken hairs, and tapering hairs. Results The gene expression of CD70 and CD27 was significantly higher in AA lesions than in non-lesional areas (p < 0.001 for both) and HCs (p=0.004, p=0.014, respectively). There were significant positive correlations between AA severity and gene expression of CD70 (p < 0.001) and CD27 (p=0.030) in AA lesions. Significant associations were detected between signs of AA activity and lesional gene expression of CD70 and CD27. Additionally, CD70 and CD27 gene expression was significantly lower in non-lesional biopsies compared to HCs (p < 0.001). Conclusion Gene expression of CD70 and CD27 was increased in AA lesions and was associated with disease severity and activity. Thus, both molecules can be a predictor of AA severity and activity. Furthermore, the expression was reduced in non-lesional scalp areas. Thus, a lack of CD27 and CD70 expression may initially predispose to immunological dysregulation and the development of AA.

The Model of Teachers Communication Based on Multicultural Values in Rural Early Childhood Education

The phenomenon of the absence of moral decadence and appropriate behavior such as violence, brawls, exclusivism, and a lack of tolerance and respect for others in all forms involving students is an ineffective model of education and function. The dysfunction is caused by not conveying the message desired by the teacher. Thus, this study aimed to describe the multicultural values-based teacher communication model in early childhood education institutions in rural areas. This research used a case study approach. This study indicates that the multicultural value-based teacher communication model in early childhood education institutions in rural areas is carried out in the form of verbal and non-verbal communication. In verbal communication, messages are conveyed verbally and in writing. Meanwhile, in the non-verbal communication process, the messages conveyed are in the form of persuasive power, coercive and reward power, personal imitation, and educative interactions vertically and horizontally

Pendampingan Potensi Ekonomi Desa Kalirejo Undaan Kudus Berbasis Moderasi Beragama

The problem of radicalism and the politicization of religion has become increasingly prevalent in recent years. Disputes between communities as a result of blaming each other between religions are an important problem to be resolved immediately. As a result, togetherness to increase regional economic potential has also stalled with a lack of tolerance between religious communities. Therefore, this service activity aims to provide assistance to the community in order to increase the economic potential of the village based on religious moderation. The method used is Participatory Action Research (PAR) by involving the community to actively participate in developing the economic potential of the Kalirejo village. Kalirejo Village was chosen as the object of service because it has economic potential in the form of a large village market, quite a lot of MSMEs and the community has 3 religions that coexist, namely Islam, Buddhism and Christianity. The results of this service are enthusiastically accepted by the community and can increase religious literacy. In addition, the economic potential of the village can be explored and documented into the book Pesona Desa Kalirejo.

Threats and Grounds for Dismantling the European Security Architecture

This article deals with one of the priority areas, the area of European security. Based on the literature on the subject and an analysis of the situation in Central and Eastern Europe, the author presents various types of current threats evident in Belarus, Poland, Russia, Turkey and Hungary, as a result of, among other things, societal alienation from the ruling class. The ignoring of their people and lack of tolerance in these countries has provoked a rebellion in society against governments’ exercise of power and approach to the rule of law. By analysing aspects of the threat, the author tries to uncover the motives of governments that are trying to maintain this approach and are ready to sacrifice the health and lives of their citizens.

The Effect of Critical Thinking on Social Media Use, Tolerance, and Self-Assessment of Adolescents in Tulungagung, Indonesia

This study aims to examine and measure the influence of the effect of critical thinking on the use of social media, tolerance, and self-assessment of adolescents at school. Critical thinking has become a necessity for everyone in the era of the digitalization of technology. In dealing with the problems of adolescent life, critical thinking is one of the bases for taking action. Everyday teenagers are faced with very complex problems, such as addiction to the use of social media, lack of tolerance, and inaccurate self-assessment. Lack of literature that discusses the importance of critical thinking in dealing with these problems, researchers are interested in examining the effect of critical thinking on the use of social media, tolerance, and self-assessment of adolescents. This research was a quantitative method, by taking 206 adolescents aged 17-18 years as the research sample. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 25 software was used to conduct a one-way Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA) to determine the difference in effect on the dependent variable showing that there is an effect of critical thinking on the use of social media, tolerance, and self-assessment of adolescents. A percentage of the influence of critical thinking on self-assessment is higher than the use of social media or tolerance. Critical thinking and self-assessment have a very close relationship, so they have a higher influence. It turns out that critical thinking has a major influence on adolescent self-assessment, which is followed by the use of social media and a tolerant attitude. This research is expected to reinforce the importance of critical thinking in adolescents at schools.