Lack Of Social Relationships Research Articles

Single-housing-induced islet epigenomic changes are related to polymorphisms in diabetic KK mice.

A lack of social relationships is increasingly recognized as a type 2 diabetes (T2D) risk. To investigate the underlying mechanism, we used male KK mice, an inbred strain with spontaneous diabetes. Given the association between living alone and T2D risk in humans, we divided the non-diabetic mice into singly housed (KK-SH) and group-housed control mice. Around the onset of diabetes in KK-SH mice, we compared H3K27ac ChIP-Seq with RNA-Seq using pancreatic islets derived from each experimental group, revealing a positive correlation between single-housing-induced changes in H3K27ac and gene expression levels. In particular, single-housing-induced H3K27ac decreases revealed a significant association with islet cell functions and GWAS loci for T2D and related diseases, with significant enrichment of binding motifs for transcription factors representative of human diabetes. Although these H3K27ac regions were preferentially localized to a polymorphic genomic background, SNVs and indels did not cause sequence disruption of enriched transcription factor motifs in most of these elements. These results suggest alternative roles of genetic variants in environment-dependent epigenomic changes and provide insights into the complex mode of disease inheritance.

Loneliness - Cancer of the Mind.

World is greying as the proportion of the ageing population increases and the demography is changing both in the developing and developed world. Contact between people is the central part of everyone's life and the glue that holds communities and society together. Lack of social relations is considered to cause loneliness and isolation for the individual and, simultaneously, on a societal level, leads to marginalisation, social disintegration and diminishing trust between people. This has come to sharp focus during the corona pandemic. Meaningful social connections are central to the physical and mental health of human beings. Off late, the deleterious health implication of social isolation and loneliness has increasingly been noticed, with a higher risk of premature death and accelerated risks of coronary heart disease, stroke, depression, and dementia. Worldwide, there is an increasing awareness regarding the alarming consequences of loneliness, especially among older adults. In response, 2018 saw the launch of a UK loneliness strategy and the first minister for loneliness in the world appointed.

Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) of the Short Functional Geriatric Evaluation (SFGE) to Assess the Multidimensionality of Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

The Short Functional Geriatric Evaluation (SFGE) is a multidimensional and short questionnaire to assess biopsychosocial frailty in older adults. This paper aims to clarify the latent factors of SFGE. Data were collected from January 2016 to December 2020 from 8800 community-dwelling older adults participating in the "Long Live the Elderly!" program. Social operators administered the questionnaire through phone calls. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was carried out to identify the quality of the structure of the SFGE. Principal component analysis was also performed. According to the SFGE score, 37.7% of our sample comprised robust, 24.0% prefrail, 29.3% frail, and 9.0% very frail individuals. Using the EFA, we identified three main factors: psychophysical frailty, the need for social and economic support, and the lack of social relationships. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy was 0.792, and Bartlett's test of sphericity had a statistically significant result (p-value < 0.001). The three constructs that emerged explain the multidimensionality of biopsychosocial frailty. The SFGE score, 40% of which is social questions, underlines the crucial relevance of the social domain in determining the risk of adverse health outcomes in community-dwelling older adults.

The Impact of Social Isolation and Environmental Deprivation on Blood Pressure and Depression-Like Behavior in Young Male and Female Mice

Background: Social isolation (SI) and loneliness are major adult and adolescent health concerns, particularly in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) era. Recent prospective cohort studies indicate that older women who experienced both SI and loneliness had a significantly higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hypertension, a well-established risk factor for CVD, is more prevalent in elderly women than men. Furthermore, a lack of social relationships is strongly associated with an increased risk of hypertension in middle-aged and elderly women compared to men. Although this has not been extensively studied, adolescents and young adults who experience loneliness or SI may also be at risk for CVD and depression. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of SI on blood pressure and depression-like behavior in young male and female mice. Methods: Weaned C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned (n = 6/group/sex) to either group housing (GH) or SI. Animals in the SI group were housed in individual cages for 8 weeks with no view of other animals. The cages were kept in ventilated racks to prevent pheromone exposure and socially isolated animals had no cage enrichment. Results: SI increased systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure in females and elevated heart rate in both sexes. Body weight gain was dramatically increased in socially isolated females but tended to decrease in socially isolated males. In the forced swim test, which detects depression-like behavior, there was no difference between groups in total immobility time. The latency to immobility, however, was significantly decreased in socially isolated females. Serum concentrations of corticosterone and metanephrine did not differ between socially isolated and group-housed females, but corticosterone levels were significantly reduced in socially isolated males. Conclusions: Our results indicate that 8 weeks of SI leads to significant changes in blood pressure and heart rate and mild changes in depression-like behavior in young mice, with females affected more than males.

Exploring the Psychosocial Characteristics and Systematic Support of Academically Maladjusted Students

The purpose of this study was to explore the psychosocial characteristics of academically maladjusted students and the College's current status regarding academic maladjustment based on 4-year medical student cohort data collected from 2018 to 2021 and through interviews with 10 medical education experts using the integrated research method. This study included 223 students who consented to inclusion in the student cohort and participated in the emotional behavior test and college adaptability test of whom 65 students experienced academic maladjustment. Academically maladjusted students had significantly higher scores for social stress, anxiety, sense of inadequacy, attention, hyperactivity, and school maladjustment, and significantly lower scores for relationships with parents, interpersonal relationships, self-esteem, self-confidence, and self-strength. Academic and social integrity, emotional stability, university satisfaction, and university service satisfaction were all significantly lower in the academically maladjusted students than in the non-maladjusted group. The expert interviews indicated that academic maladjustment was mainly recognized as a personal problem, with causes such as lack of motivation and learning methods, vulnerability to stress, lack of social relationships and alienation, lack of support from the family, and insufficient resilience. Systematic support other than counseling for academically maladjusted students is required, and an early diagnosis and preventive intervention are important.

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Pesisir melalui Pengelolaan Sistem Tipologi Desa untuk Pencapaian SDGs di Kecamatan Pagimana Kabupaten Banggai

The complex socio-economic conditions of the community have an influence on the typology system of the coastal community village of Kec. Pagimana. From social systems such as diverse social status and lack of social relations because there are many immigrants so that familiarity has not created an attitude of togetherness to move forward, and furthermore the cultural system is still mixing local culture due to urbanization factors which have an impact on the erosion of the culture of the local coastal community. This problem will be an obstacle in achieving the SDGs so that special attention needs to be paid in dealing with these problems. The purpose of implementing this Village Development Community Service Program is to provide program assistance to coastal communities related to the management of the village typology system for the achievement of SDGs in Pagimana District, Banggai Regency. Thus, the target and output of this service activity is the existence of SDGs village typology data that can be used in formulating village activity program planning and in a sustainable manner the village community is educated and trained in economic development as a village business based on the advantages of the village. Besides that, the outputs are also documentation of reports and articles as well as videos of the KKNT implementation process. The service program through the Thematic KKN Gorontalo State University in 2021 in Toipan Village, Kec. Pagimana, Kab. Banggai has 5 core programs including; computer training, making boundaries, socializing about the environment, socializing HIV/AIDS and Public Speaking, while the program in Pisou Village, Pagimana District, Proud Regency, namely the launching of Perdana WASERDA (Warung Serba Ada), Training on Making Papaya Fruits into Papaya Sticks and Introduction to Tools and Materials Coffee for MSMEs, and Introduction and Training of Google Forms for Village Officials.

EFL Learners’ Perspectives of E-Learning during the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Study on Saudi College Students

The learning process during Covid-19 pandemic has witnessed significant changes in the modes of instruction, with E-learning emerging as an absolute path in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learning. The current study seeks to investigate the perspectives of Saudi EFL students with regard to e-learning during the pandemic and the challenges encountered. The significance of this study stems from the importance of integrating e-learning into language learning in a methodological way with the proper planning of activities, technologies, and tutors and students’ skills. The participants of this study consisted of Saudi EFL learners in two Saudi universities, namely King Saud University and King Khalid University, who study in the department of English language. The sample consisted of (53) students who study in their fourth year and who were selected randomly from the department of English language. The research results demonstrated that the perceptions of the students of e-learning during the Covid-19 pandemic were positive because they see that e-learning makes learning easier, especially in the student-instructor interaction, as well as using various teaching styles and assessment methods and they participated in making the students prefer e-learning in their future education. However, the students reported that they do not have all the technical skills needed for e-learning and that they face technical problems and a lack of social relations during online learning. Based on these results, the researcher recommended training the students on e-learning skills and platforms and providing them with the required technologies for the effective adoption of e-learning.

Juvenile Gouldian finches (Erythrura gouldiae) form sibling subgroups during social integration.

The formation of social relationships in complex groups is critical in shaping patterns of social organization and behavioral development. In many birds, young individuals remain dependent on their parents for extended periods but must abruptly transition to navigating interactions in the wider group after independence. While lack of social relationships during this period is detrimental in the development of later social skills, little is known about the social relationships juveniles form after independence in many bird species. In this study, we describe patterns of social interactions in juvenile Gouldian finches (Erythrura gouldiae) during transitions from family groups into flocks of unfamiliar individuals. Twenty juveniles from four families were introduced into two flocks. After introductions, juveniles showed a gradient of approach rates with most approaches directed toward siblings, followed by juvenile peers, adult females, and lastly adult males. Significant preferences for siblings resulted in the emergence of sibling subgroups within the larger social network. This intentional self-assortment of siblings suggests that sibling subgroups are an important bridge linking social connections within the family and the wider group. Such findings suggests that sibling relationships have a critical role in the socialization after independence, as well as structuring the social organization of Gouldian finch flocks.

Shut-In Abroad: Social Incapacitation Among Low-Income Male Japanese Retirees in Thailand

Increasing numbers of low-income single male retirees from Japan are migrating to Southeast Asian countries to live in isolation. They migrate to avoid the emotional burdens in Japan associated with an acute sense of shame, inferiority and displacement. This article argues that their migration should be understood as a type of anticipatory action taken by the retirees—that is, an action driven by the awareness of one’s own social incapability, particularly the lack of social relations and self-esteem—to create a meaningful future in Japan. I demonstrate how the men became socially incapacitated through events in their life course, focusing on the dominant work regime, family regime and gender ideology in post-war Japan. The concept of “social incapacitation” contributes to the study of aging futures by foregrounding the significance of gendered norms and emotion, as well as demonstrating how history and futures are interlinked in embodied ways.

Complications of Ethanolic Withdrawal in Hospitalized Patients

Abstract Chronic alcohol consumption, also called alcoholism, is a chronic disease characterized by compulsive alcohol consumption, loss of control over alcohol consumption and a negative emotional state in the absence/lack of consumption. Statistics show that the incidence of alcohol consumption in the adult population has been increasing during the isolation due to the pandemic. It is fre-quently associated with the consumption of other substances, in which case mortality is higher than in the case of single alcohol consumption. The patterns of alcohol consumption are varied, being related to a series of demographic, social, psychological and behavioral variables. The most worrying aspect of alcohol consumption is represented by the increase in the frequency of this type of addiction among teenagers and young people. It should also be mentioned that there is an increase in the incidence in females and there are new variables related to the context of consumption: increased boredom, alcohol consumption for the purpose of relaxation and alcohol consumption as an activity in the absence of an entourage. During the pandemic, there was also the myth that alcohol consumption would be the basis for reducing the risk of contamination with the SARS CoV 2 virus, an aspect disproved by specialist studies. The increased consumption of alcohol during the pandemic could be correlated with anxiety and depression determined by the fear of illness and depression due to the loss of the job, the lack of social relations or online education, being unanimously accepted that alcohol has an anxiolytic role. Regarding ethanolic withdrawal (EW) symptoms, studies show that approximately 50% of patients with chronic alcohol consumption will develop withdrawal symptoms when they reduce the quantity of alcohol or stop drinking alcohol.

Persepsi Guru Pamong Terhadap Hubungan Sosial Mahasiswa PLK (Studi Terhadap Mahasiswa Jurusan Sejarah FIS UNP Periode Semester Genap Tahun Ajaran 2020-2021)

This research is motivated by the lack of social relations between PLK students majoring in history at FIS UNP for the even semester period of the 2020-2021 academic year. This study aims to describe the perception of civil servant teachers on the social relations of PLK students majoring in History of FIS UNP for the even semester period of the 2020-2021 academic year. This research is a descriptive research with quantitative data analysis with data collection techniques using questionnaires and descriptive statistical analysis with percentage counts. Based on the results of the study, it turned out that most of the perceptions of civil servant teachers on the social relations of PLK students in the History Department were positive (74%). The perception of civil servant teachers on the social relations of PLK students in the Department of History that is not good is related to the activities of PLK students in explaining things, creating and maintaining relationships with teachers, participating in various programs in the work environment and communicating the results of learning improvements with other teachers.

FINANCIAL AND SOCIAL CHALLENGES FACING PENSIONERS LIVING ALONE BELOW THE POVERTY LINE DURING THE COVID-19 PERIOD: THE CASE OF GEORGIA

Restrictions, physical distancing and lockdown imposed during Covid-19 are associated with many challenges such as financial shortages and lack of social relationships, which have been particularly damaging for vulnerable groups dependent on others. This research aims to study financial and social challenges faced by one of the vulnerable social groups-pensioners living alone below the poverty line during the covid-19 period in four Georgia municipalities (Bolnisi, Dmanisi, Tianeti and Kaspi) in July-August 2020. The survey was conducted with 475 respondents (confidence level 95, interval 4), but 11 questionnaires were discarded due to technical deficiencies. The analysis was performed on 464 data. The study used available sampling where gender (strata) representation was maintained. 78.6% were female and 21.14% male. Overall, the elderly is a fairly vulnerable group in municipalities and across the country. The biggest problem during the pandemic period was a lack of financial resources. The study participants' primary income source is social assistance and various pensions; Thus, the elderly people are financially dependent on state aid. The elderly have limited social relationships; They rarely interact with neighbors, much less with relatives, and even less with friends. The elderly rarely go to the city or village center either. Limited social networking and activities affect the mental health of the elderly. Such a situation is especially noteworthy in a pandemic. There is a positive correlation between limited access to technologies and lack of financial resources that plays a vital role in social relationships among the elderly; Those elderly who cannot afford access to computer/internet and telephone reported higher isolation levels. Keywords: social isolation, Covid-19, pensioners living alone, under poverty line

Loneliness Problem pada Lansia di Panti Jompo Jasa Ibu Jorong Lakung Kenagarian Situjuh Batua

This research is motivated by the results of interviews that researchers conducted with caretakers and elderly caretakers that many elderly people feel anxious and depressed because of a lack of social relationships with other elderly and people around them and also many who cannot communicate properly due to the physical condition of the elderly. The purpose of this study was to describe the Loneliness Problem in the elderly at the Jorong Lakung Kenagarian Sipuh Batua Nursing Home and the causes of the Loneliness Problem in the Elderly at the Jorong Lakung Kenagarian Sipuh Batua Nursing Home. This research is classified as a qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The key informants were five elderly people who were still able to communicate well and fluently and the rest could not communicate properly and fluently, while the supporting informants were two people, namely the caretaker of the orphanage and caregivers. Data was collected through observation and interviews. Data analysis techniques using data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show that the description of the Loneliness Problem in the elderly at the Jasa Jompo Nursing Home, Jorong Lakung Kenagarian Sipuh Batua, that there are still many elderly people who feel sad, have no hope, lose loved ones, close themselves, contemplate, feel anxious, lack of social relations in general, even the elderly still have the desire to interact with the people around them. Meanwhile, there are three factors that cause Loneliness Problems in the elderly at the Jorong Lakung Kenagarian Sipuh Batua Nursing Home, namely psychological factors (low self-esteem in the elderly, decreased physical condition, decreased sexual function, decreased psychosocial aspects, social decline in society), cultural and situational factors. (changes in the way of life of the elderly, social roles), and spiritual factors.

Communication About Chronic Pain in Older Persons' Social Networks: Study Protocol of a Qualitative Approach.

A lack of social relations appears to impact on health and life expectancy among the older persons. The quality and diversity of social relations are correlated with good health and well-being in later life. Chronic pain is a crucial issue in aging population. Effective communication between the older persons with chronic pain, their relatives and the actors of the healthcare system facilitates the management of this condition. Studies on communication in later life generally do not consider the older persons' social network as a whole, focusing only a specific segment (e.g., family or medical staff). This lack of scientific data prevents the actors of the healthcare system from offering solutions to bridge clinically relevant communication gaps. As a consequence, our study has three objectives: (1) to identify how the older persons perceive communication about chronic pain with their social network; (2) to identify their unmet communication needs; (3) to develop recommendations that improve communication about chronic pain in later life. The study will be divided into two phases. The first phase will meet objectives 1 and 2. It will involve individual interviews with about 50 people over 75 years old suffering from chronic pain and without major cognitive or auditory troubles. In this phase, we will apply a multi-layered analysis. We will map the older persons' personal network and identify their communication practices and needs, by combining content and discourse analysis with social network theories. The second phase of the study will aim at recommendations based on the results of the first phase (objective 3). It will require focus groups with different sets of stakeholders (older persons, relative caregivers, health professionals, decision-makers). In the second phase, we will use content analysis to pinpoint the concerns and suggestions for action. The results will be disseminated on three levels: (1) to the scientific world (specialists in the field of health and aging and health communication); (2) to health practitioners working with older persons; (3) to society at large, with a focus on institutions and groups directly concerned by the issue.

Social frailty dimensions and frailty models over time

IntroductionSocial frailty is a complex concept and there is still no consensus on the criteria that best define it, nor on the role that social dimensions play in well-established frailty models. AimTo analyse the predictive value of social frailty dimensions on distinct frailty models. MethodA non-probabilistic sample of 193 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and over was recruited in 2016 and followed for three years. Frailty was assessed by the Tilburg Frailty Indicator, the Groningen Frailty Indicator, and the Fried Phenotype criteria. Questions about living alone, social network, social support, loneliness, and frequency of social activities engagement were used to assess social criteria. Bivariate correlations and sequential multiple hierarchical logistic regression analyses were performed. ResultsAt baseline, 22.2% older adults lived alone, 47.2% reported missing people around them, 21.1% reported lack of social support, 26.1% reported having reduced their participation in social activities recently and 52.2% reported loneliness. The percent of frail individuals varied across frailty measures, and social criteria showed significant correlations and increased the prediction of frailty status. Loneliness and social activities engagement were associated with frailty as assessed by the Tilburg frailty Indicator and by the Fried Phenotype criteria; the lack of social support is associated with frailty as assessed by the Groningen Frailty Indicator. Living alone and lack of social relationships did not predict frailty. ConclusionIncluding social dimensions in a frailty model needs a consensual theoretical basis as they have different roles in predicting frailty, varying over time and across assessment tools.

Matching Perspectives of Refugees and Voluntary Sports Clubs in Germany

In recent years thousands of refugees from the Middle East and Africa have moved to Europe. Many of them have experienced extremely stressful events and suffer, amongst other things, from lack of social relationships. Policy makers do often convey the impression that voluntary sports clubs (VSCs) can easily help to deal with these issues, as they provide broad offers matching every person’s individual needs. With only few exceptions, research has focused on the view of VSCs and their officials, but mostly left out the perspectives of refugees themselves, especially those outside organized sports. Thus, the focus of the present contribution is on the mutual fit between refugees’ expectations and the offers that sports organizations have. Following a socio-ecological perspective, data from a research project will be used to illustrate both perspectives. Refugees were asked about hindering conditions for participating in sports. In addition, functionaries of sports organizations were asked to answer survey questions regarding the efforts that sports organizations make to include refugees. The results reveal that the majority of the refugees had already actively participated in sports offers in their countries of origin. After arriving in Germany, the sporting habits changed, mostly due to organizational and financial reasons. With respect to functionaries we found that the idea that sport is integrative per se is widely believed in the field.

Are a lack of social relationships and cigarette smoking really equally powerful predictors of mortality? Analyses of data from two cohort studies

ObjectiveThe suggestion from cross-review comparison that lower levels of social integration (social isolation, loneliness) and cigarette smoking are equally powerful predictors of premature mortality has been promulgated by policy organisations and widely reported in the media. For the first time, we examined this assertion by simultaneously comparing these associations using data from two large cohort studies. Study designIndividual-participant analyses of two large prospective cohort studies. MethodsParticipants in UK Biobank and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing reported loneliness, social-isolation and smoking behaviours using standard scales at baseline. Cause-specific mortality was ascertained via linkage to national registries. We used Cox regression analyses to compute a relative index of inequality to summarise the relation between these baseline characteristics and mortality experience. ResultsMean age at baseline was 56.5 years in the 466,876 (273,452 women) Biobank participants and 66.1 years in the 7505 (4123 women) English Longitudinal Study of Ageing members. In Biobank, a mean duration of mortality surveillance of 6.6 years gave rise to a total of 13,072 deaths, while in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, 1183 deaths occurred after a mean of 7.7 years. In ascending magnitude, loneliness, social isolation then cigarette smoking were associated with an increased risk of mortality from all-causes and all cancers combined. When cardiovascular disease mortality was the endpoint of interest, both smoking and social isolation, though not loneliness, revealed similar relationships. ConclusionsContrary to cross-review comparisons, in the present datasets it appears that poor social integration is in fact less strongly linked to total mortality than cigarette smoking.

Social isolation, loneliness and health in the time of COVID

Humans are social beings. We rely on others for our survival and well-being. Lack of social relationships have an enormous impact on our physical and emotional health and are a stronger risk factor for early mortality than most traditional health risk factors [1]. Our social connections have been threatened by the COVID-19 pandemic

Professional Burnout Among Administrative Staff at University of Jeddah: الاحتراق الوظيفي لدى الإداريين والإداريات بجامعة جدة

This research aims to measure the level of professional burnout among administrators at the University of Jeddah and know the sources of their professional burnout and to develop recommendations to help overcome the factors leading to it. The research also aims to find out the relationship between professional burnout and some demographic variables. The descriptive-analytical approach was used in the research. A questionnaire was used to measure the level of professional burnout and was applied to a random sample on 51 employees. The results of the study found out that the administrators at the University of Jeddah suffer from a low level of professional burnout, and the results indicated a positive correlation statistically significant between the professional burnout in its three dimensions (emotional stress- inhumanity- personal achievement) and the limited work powers, lack of social relations, work pressure, conflict of values and lack of positive reinforcement. The results also indicated that there were no statistically significant differences in the responses of the study members to the degree of functional combustion in its three dimensions (emotional stress- Inhumanity- personal achievement) administrators attributed to gender, marital status, age, years of experience, educational qualification, salary and administrative level. The study recommended the need to identify sources of pressure to control, and reduce the workload as much as a possible and positive understanding of the pressures of the university work environment and deal with them, and improve the incentives system to obtain an appropriate return of effort and thought during the work.

ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL PROBLEM IN A GOOD MAN IS HARD TO FIND BY FLANNERY O’CONNOR

This study aims to describe the problems of social problems contained in the short story "A Good Man Is Hard to Find" by Flannery O'Connor. This research applied descriptive qualitative. The data source is the short story which title is "A Good Man Is Hard to Find" by Flannery O'Connor. The results of this study are: (1) Family disorganization, due to lack of communication and lack of social relations within the Bailey family, (2) Crime, the Misfit who came out of the prisoner all members of the Bailey family, (3) Social status, the grandmother who is selfish and does everything she can to maintain social status and people's views on her. On the basis of the results, it has been concluded and by using the sociological aspect that the social problem events in the story can be a lesson and improve understanding and interpretation in communicating and socializing in life. This study is hopefully more useful for readers of literary books, especially the work of Flannery O'Connor and writers.