Lack Of Modernization Research Articles

Effect of Gender and Generation on the Adoption of Irrigation and Good Farming Practices in Bontanga and Golinga Irrigation Schemes in Northern Ghana

This study examined the challenges faced by men, women, and different age groups in irrigation water management and farming practices in the Bontanga and Golinga irrigation schemes. The results of the study revealed that there are significant differences in irrigation and farming practices between men and women as well as between older and younger farmers. For men, the main challenges were; limited access to financial resources for investing in modern irrigation technologies and equipment, inadequate knowledge and awareness of sustainable farming practices and water management insufficient government support, and lack of policies tailored to their specific needs. For women, these were gender inequalities and limited access to land, water, and productive resources, lack of control and decision-making power over irrigation water allocation, and limited access to training and extension services to enhance their farming skills. Youth recognized limited interest and involvement in agriculture due to the perception of low profitability and lack of modernization, inadequate access to education and training opportunities in agricultural practices and water management, and insufficient support and mentorship programs to encourage youth participation in farming.

Does integrated transport topology act as a stimulus for inclusive growth and regional development in Bosnia and Herzegovina?

The transport system is a crucial component of economic development in any country. Bosnia and Herzegovina, being a country with a diverse topography, faces unique challenges and opportunities in its transport system. This paper examines the potential challenges and opportunities of the transport system in Bosnia and Herzegovina and its role in economic development. Using a qualitative research approach, we conduct an in‐depth analysis of existing literature and collect primary data through semi‐structured interviews with key stakeholders in the transport industry in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Our findings indicate that the transport system in Bosnia and Herzegovina faces significant challenges, including inadequate infrastructure, lack of modernization, limited investment, and weak institutional framework. However, there are opportunities for the development of the transport system including its strategic location as a transit hub, potential for infrastructure improvements, and its unique natural resources that can be leveraged for tourism and sustainable development. The development of the transport system can also lead to increased trade and investment, job creation, and improved social welfare. To fully realize the potential of the transport system in Bosnia and Herzegovina, policymakers and stakeholders need to work together to address the challenges and leverage the opportunities. This paper provides policy recommendations for improving the transport system, including investment in infrastructure, modernization of the transport sector, institutional strengthening, and the promotion of sustainable development. The findings of this study have significant implications for the economic development of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and countries with similar challenges and opportunities in the transport sector.

The Critical Review to Evaluate Performance of Ready-Mix Concrete Production Plant

In Republic of Iraq, ready-mix concrete production plants have been adversely affected by the lack of modern and advanced technology to assess their performance in line with technological advancements. Current evaluation methods rely on traditional approaches and financial measures, yielding unrealistic performance results. To address this problem, there is a need to utilize modern models and methods for performance evaluation. The study's main objective This was achieved by employing a literature survey methodology and utilizing digital databases such as the Iraqi Scientific Journals website, virtual libraries, and scientific platforms like ScienceDirect, Springer, Google Scholar, and Gate Research between 2015 and 2023. The research study provided a comprehensive overview of performance evaluation, including its definitions, importance, and an introduction to modern models and evaluation methods. The study found that no previous studies have been conducted in Iraq to evaluate ready-mix concrete production plants. However, four studies were found in Egypt, Sudan, and India. The previous similar relevant studies discussed various topics and related studies. Firstly, they discussed the classification, advantages, and disadvantages of concrete mixing plants. Additionally, the previous studies analyzed the factors that most influence the performance of concrete production plants, including laboratory manager efficiency, work team efficiency, communication and relationships within work teams, plant operator, material transportation method, and time and courses. Furthermore, the previous research studies present a comprehensive analysis of all variable data simultaneously using the statistical package for Social Science (SPSS) input stage. The evaluation also extends to the evaluation of laboratories, encompassing plant arrangement, internal quality control systems, and final product quality. The overall evaluation results of previous studies. Indicate that 75% of the concrete production plants failed to meet the required criteria, while only 25% demonstrated satisfactory performance. The study proposed improvements to enhance the performance rate of ready-mix concrete production plants by leveraging the most influential variables, which will be considered in the study.

HIGHLIGHTING OF FOCAL LANDSCAPES ON THE EXAMPLE OF VALLEY-RIVER LANDSCAPE-TECHNICAL SYSTEMS

River valleys are important in the structure of natural landscapes. They are the places of population concentration, ecological gutters and the landscape "framework" around which all other geocomplexes function. If the framework landscapes have been analyzed in detail by scientists, the focal landscapes are inflated beyond the attention of scientists.
 The purpose of the article is to analyze the structure of focal landscapes on the basis of the improved classification of anthropogenic landscapes by significance on the example of landscape-technical systems (LTchS) in the river valleys of the model region - the flat part of Right Bank Ukraine.
 Within the valley-river landscapes, the focal group includes road, mining, agricultural, and beligerative LTchS. Most modern road landscape technical systems belong to the category of "landscape technogenic systems". The destruction of man-made cover is associated with the excessive load on the road surface of motor vehicles, the weight of which often does not meet the established standards. As a result of mining and processing of minerals in river valleys, mining LTchS are formed. Active mining LTchS are formed by quarries, waste rock dumps and beneficiation or crushing and sorting plants and factories. The river valleys of the Right Bank of Ukraine are characterized by new anthropogenic types of areas that were formed after the extraction of minerals: areas of pit-peat wastelands and "rocky badlands". Valley-river agricultural LTchS are represented by water regulation and irrigation systems and vineyards. The lack of modernization and the use of outdated equipment and facilities do not allow the LTchS to fully function and produce the appropriate amount of crops. Beligerative landscape and man-made systems include complexes of defensive nodal structures "lines of defense" of the 20th century. Some critical remarks were made regarding the analysis of the structure of focal landscapes after the beginning of the full-scale invasion of the Russian Federation on the territory of Right Bank Ukraine. It was concluded that in the context of the study of modern anthropogenic landscapes of Ukraine, the study of focal valley-river landscape-technical systems will contribute to a better understanding of their structure and the development of ways of optimization.

Knowledge management in Yemeni universities between reality and expectations (an applied study on Albaydha University)

The study aimed to identify the reality of applying “knowledge management from the point of view of academic and administrative leaders at Albaydha University in the Republic of Yemen.” They are faculty deans, vice deans, faculty members, department heads. The department heads and directors are the Financial Affairs Department, the Personnel Affairs Department, Academic affairs, and student affairs. Their number reached (50) individuals, the study sample was Albaydha University, one of the public universities in the Republic of Yemen. The researcher used the descriptive and analytical approach to achieve the study objectives and test hypotheses. A special questionnaire was developed consisting of four axes and fields: diagnosis, knowledge acquisition, knowledge generation and distribution, knowledge application. , Storing and preserving knowledge, from the results summarized that Albaydha University in the Republic of Yemen “is not interested in acquiring and managing knowledge, nor is it implemented or stored in the university, as there are no centers at the university that encourage research in the field of knowledge, its management and use by providing an understanding of the importance of knowledge management in the era. Hadith, the study indicated a neglect of knowledge in the university despite its importance in the modern era, and the study also found that there are opportunities that contribute to a lack of interest in research, application and storage of knowledge, including the lack of financial resources, the lack of specialized cadres in the field of knowledge management and the lack of modern and advanced technology in the university.

The Impact of Local Fabric Weaving and Poverty Reduction in Ushongo L. G. A of Benue State

This study examines local fabric weaving and poverty reduction in Ushongo local government Area of Benue State. Oral interview, personal observation, and survey questionnaires were administer to the weavers. Results of the study shows that local fabric weaving has positive impact on poverty reduction which leads to improvement in standard of living of the weavers. Its discovered issues affecting the effective performance of the business in the area to be lack ossf finance, poor quality of raw materials, inadequate supply of yarn, lack of modern tools/machines, tough competition, insufficient demand for the product, unavailability of market information etc. from the result of the study, one can observe that local fabric weaving should be encourage in the area. method of weaving and resources needed to carried out this work should be improved and provided so that the weavers can generate much income so as to improve their standard of living, since the relationship between local fabric weaving and poverty reduction is positive.

Problems of Formatіon and Development of the Workforce іn the Іndustrіal Sphere

The expected shortage of labor force іn Ukraіne at the stage of post-war recovery poses dіffіcult tasks of formatіon and development of the exіstіng labor force and compensatіon for the lost due to mіgratіon and mobіlіzatіon processes. The artіcle examіnes the problems of formatіon and development of the workforce іn the іndustrіal sphere and motіvatіon to work іn іndustry. The factors that іnfluence the choіce of specіalty among young people durіng admіssіon are consіdered. The sіtuatіon that developed іn 2023 was analyzed, and a conclusіon was drawn about the unpopularіty of engіneerіng specіaltіes and the іnabіlіty of the educatіon system to overcome the gap іn the growіng needs of іndustry and the supply of young qualіfіed labor under the іnfluence of low motіvatіon among young people to work іn іndustry. The factors of the unpopularіty of engіneerіng specіaltіes are outlіned, related to the perceptіon of complexіty, іnsuffіcіent awareness of young people about the features and future opportunіtіes for growth when choosіng engіneerіng specіaltіes, the lack of mentorіng programs at the level of the secondary educatіon system and the іnvolvement of experіenced engіneers іn workіng wіth young people, іn projects, competіtіons, low the share of іnternshіps at іndustrіal enterprіses, the lack of іnterest of young people іn engіneerіng topіcs, the lack of connectіon between engіneerіng specіaltіes and the іnterests of young people, the lack of modern educatіonal programs wіth laboratorіes equіpped wіth modern equіpment and the latest technologіes, the spread of the perceptіon of engіneerіng professіons as low-payіng professіons. Sectoral dіsparіtіes іn the wage system and the competіtіveness of the mіnіmum wage іn Ukraіne compared to European countrіes are consіdered. Іt has been proven that the level of remuneratіon іn іndustry does not ensure the reproductіon of the labor force and does not motіvate the return of the labor force from abroad. Emphasіs іs placed on the fact that the solutіon to the problems of attractіng the workforce to the іndustrіal sphere, outlіned іn the work, requіres the transformatіon of value perceptіons about the spheres of employment, overcomіng іnequalіty and dіsparіtіes іn the labor remuneratіon system іn Ukraіne.

Minimally invasive, sustained-release relaxin-2 microparticles reverse arthrofibrosis.

Substantial advances in biotherapeutics are distinctly lacking for musculoskeletal diseases. Musculoskeletal diseases are biomechanically complex and localized, highlighting the need for novel therapies capable of addressing these issues. All frontline treatment options for arthrofibrosis, a debilitating musculoskeletal disease, fail to treat the disease etiology-the accumulation of fibrotic tissue within the joint space. For millions of patients each year, the lack of modern and effective treatment options necessitates surgery in an attempt to regain joint range of motion (ROM) and escape prolonged pain. Human relaxin-2 (RLX), an endogenous peptide hormone with antifibrotic and antifibrogenic activity, is a promising biotherapeutic candidate for musculoskeletal fibrosis. However, RLX has previously faltered through multiple clinical programs because of pharmacokinetic barriers. Here, we describe the design and in vitro characterization of a tailored drug delivery system for the sustained release of RLX. Drug-loaded, polymeric microparticles released RLX over a multiweek time frame without altering peptide structure or bioactivity. In vivo, intraarticular administration of microparticles in rats resulted in prolonged, localized concentrations of RLX with reduced systemic drug exposure. Furthermore, a single injection of RLX-loaded microparticles restored joint ROM and architecture in an atraumatic rat model of arthrofibrosis with clinically derived end points. Finally, confirmation of RLX receptor expression, RXFP1, in multiple human tissues relevant to arthrofibrosis suggests the clinical translational potential of RLX when administered in a sustained and targeted manner.

PENGARUH TENAGA KERJA, MODAL KERJA, DAN TEKNOLOGI TERHADAP PENDAPATAN NELAYAN DI DESA LABUHAN SUMBAWA

Sectors that can encourage and expand prospects for economic activity, which in turn can increase regional income, are said to exist because of the abundance of marine products. The low income of fishermen in Labuhan-Sumbawa waters can be caused by several factors, including lack of working capital among fishermen, lack of modernization in fishing and shipping technology among those who still use traditional fishing gear, which affects this number. the catch, the possibility of fishermen's residences that do not reflect this healthy place can be seen from the condition of the house building that is not possible, and the slum environment

Climate and sustainability co-governance in Kenya: A multi-criteria analysis of stakeholders' perceptions and consensus

The Paris Agreement and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development embody highly intertwined targets to act for climate in conjunction with sustainable development. This, however, entails different meanings and challenges across the world. Kenya, in particular, needs to address serious sustainability threats, like poverty and lack of modern and affordable energy access. This study uses a multi-criteria group decision aid and consensus measuring framework, to integrate both agendas, and engages with Kenyan stakeholders to help inform future mitigation research and policy in the country. Results showed that stakeholders highlight topics largely underrepresented in model-based mitigation analysis, such as biodiversity preservation and demand-side transformations, while pointing to gaps in cross-sectoral policies in relation to access to modern energy, agriculture, life on land, and climate change mitigation. With numerous past and recent policies aiming at these issues, persistent stakeholder concerns over these topics hint at limited success. Sectoral and technological priorities only recently emphasised in Kenyan policy efforts are also correlated with stakeholders' concerns, highlighting that progress is not only a matter of legislation, but also of coordination, consistency of targets, and comprehensibility. Higher bias is found among the preferences of stakeholders coming from the country's private sector. Results from this exercise can inform national policymakers on effectively reshaping the future direction of the country, as well as modelling efforts aimed at underpinning Kenya's energy, climate and sustainable development policy.

Overcoming Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Resistance for a More Rational Therapeutic Approach

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an underappreciated source of morbidity and mortality among gram-negative pathogens. Effective treatment options with acceptable toxicity profiles are limited. Phenotypic susceptibility testing via commercial automated test systems is problematic and no Food and Drug Administration breakpoints are approved for any of the first-line treatment options for S maltophilia. The lack of modern pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic data for many agents impedes dose optimization, and the lack of robust efficacy and safety data limits their clinical utility. Levofloxacin has demonstrated similar efficacy to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, although rapid development of resistance is a concern. Minocycline demonstrates the highest rate of in vitro susceptibility, however, evidence to support its clinical use are scant. Novel agents such as cefiderocol have exhibited promising activity in preclinical investigations, though additional outcomes data are needed to determine its place in therapy for S maltophilia. Combination therapy is often employed despite the dearth of adequate supporting data.

Current status of urological training and differences between institutions

ObjectivesAppropriate training of urology residents is important to secure not only high-quality patient care, but also the bright future of our specialty. We aimed to investigate residency training from the perspective of qualification and standardization and to evaluate surgical education, publication output, working conditions, future plans, and overall satisfaction, in a comprehensive way. MethodsWe conducted a survey of urology chief residents/recent graduates in Turkey to identify differences between institutions and deficiencies in urology resident training. A total of 155 chief residents/recently graduated specialists were contacted by phone and a survey was completed. ResultsThe survey response rate was 96.1%. Respondents had high proficiency in endourology (97.3%), similar to Canada and European countries. However, they reported a lack of proficiency in laparoscopy (28.9%) and functional urology (26.2%). Also, no one had completed a robotic procedure as first surgeon. A total of 75.2% respondents had no first author publication, and 10.1% had no first author abstract presentation. There was no significant difference between institution types with or without certification. There was a satisfaction rate of 87.2% among participants. ConclusionsIt was observed that qualified and standardized training could has not been achieved and the positive effects of certification have not been seen yet. There is a lack of modernization in all aspects of education, and there is no standardized curriculum addressing academic research. Therefore, there is a risk that future urologists will have insufficient skills. We hope this study serves as a guide for modernization and standardization in urology training.

Availability and use of infrastructural resources in promoting quality early childhood care and education in registered early childhood development centres

Background: Quality early childhood development (ECD) is crucial for protecting children against a multitude of socio-economic challenges such as poor living standards, lack of education, and substandard healthcare. Furthermore, research has revealed that educational resources used at ECD centres enrich the all-round well-being of young children. Despite these findings, the provision of educational resources in the ECD learning environment has received little or no attention at national and local levels.Aim: This study aimed to explore registered ECD centres to understand the available infrastructure resources and how they are used to promote quality early childhood care and education (ECCE).Setting: A sample of eight participants (four ECD centre principals and four practitioners) from four registered ECD centres were purposively selected in suburban and township areas of Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa.Methods: An interpretative, qualitative multiple case study was used and the Woodhead quality framework for ECD centres was used as a guide for this study. Data were collected through face-to-face semi-structured interviews, non-participant observation and field notes.Results: The findings revealed that practitioners know how the use of learning resources improve young children’s growth and development. However, the township centres have fewer infrastructure resources that promote quality ECCE because of the dire socio-economic conditions of the parents.Conclusion: The lack of modern and age-appropriate play equipment at township registered centres indicated that the (township) practitioners are not able to use such equipment, even though they are aware of their benefits in promoting quality ECCE. Hence, quality ECCE is not equally available. The great equaliser, called ECCE, is merely a smokescreen.

Africa's 4th Industrial Revolution Post Covid-19: A Tale of Shenzhen's Enviable Successes.

Africa is likely to miss the prospects of the 4th industrial revolution if governments and policymakers do not take the abundance of caution. In the last two centuries, three discoveries changed the world¬— the steam engine, industrial revolution, and internet. Africa had no stake in any of those discoveries. As developed countries industrialized in the 18th and 19th centuries, the African continent was still reliant on primordial food and material production technologies. Unfortunately, a similar trend is repeating itself, exacerbated by the effects of COVID-19. While advanced nations are transitioning(ed) to digital investments in areas such as artificial intelligence, robotics, mechanized agriculture, 3D printing, and the internet of things, Africa appears to saunter. Not so many African countries are aligning themselves to exploit the opportunities that will come with the economic and social disruptions of the 4th industrial revolution. Challenges such as internet penetration, skill mismatch, poverty, poor governance, inequality, lack of modernization of agriculture, and improper structuring of economies will delay the revolution or truncate it elsewhere in the world. Besides, the COVID-19 pandemic presents new challenges undergirded by disruptions in global supply chains, slow economic projections, and inequalities in mass vaccination in the continent. However, Africa and its leadership can take deliberate, methodical, and timely interventions to seize the moment and lift its population from poverty and dependency. In this study, the author proposes a hybridized model embodying reverse engineering, infrastructural investment, special economic zones, and digital investment as the panacea for expediting Africa's prospects in seizing the possibilities of the 4th industrial revolution pegged on the successes of Shenzhen.

Estado actual de la formación urológica y diferencias entre instituciones

ObjectivesAppropriate training of urology residents is important to secure not only high-quality patient care, but also the bright future of our specialty. We aimed to investigate residency training from the perspective of qualification and standardization and to evaluate surgical education, publication output, working conditions, future plans, and overall satisfaction, in a comprehensive way. MethodsWe conducted a survey of urology chief residents/recent graduates in Turkey to identify differences between institutions and deficiencies in urology resident training. A total of 155 chief residents/recently graduated specialists were contacted by phone and a survey was completed. ResultsThe survey response rate was 96.1%. Respondents had high proficiency in endourology (97.3%), similar to Canada and European countries. However, they reported a lack of proficiency in laparoscopy (28.9%) and functional urology (26.2%). Also, no one had completed a robotic procedure as first surgeon. A total of 75.2% respondents had no first author publication, and 10.1% had no first author abstract presentation. There was no significant difference between institution types with or without certification. There was a satisfaction rate of 87.2% among participants. ConclusionsIt was observed that qualified and standardized training could has not been achieved and the positive effects of certification have not been seen yet. There is a lack of modernization in all aspects of education, and there is no standardized curriculum addressing academic research. Therefore, there is a risk that future urologists will have insufficient skills. We hope this study serves as a guide for modernization and standardization in urology training.

МЕДЖИБІЗЬКИЙ ЗАМОК В ІНВЕНТАРЯХ 1760-Х РОКІВ

This article introduces documentary information about the structure, condition, functional purpose and actual use of the fortification complex, residential and economic buildings of the Medzhybizh castle in the second half of the 18th century. For this purpose, the text of the inventory descriptions of Medzhybizh castle in 1763, 1765, 1767 in Polish, adapted to modern spelling, and its parallel translation in Ukrainian are published. Until nowadays, in scientific publications about Medzhybizh Castle, there are many assumptions and myths about the arrangement of Medzhybizh Castle, which are not taken from documentary sources, but from popular publications in magazines of the 19th century. Famous researchers of the 20th century (Lohvyn, Lopushynska) and subsequent authors were again guided mainly by their assumptions and not by archival documents. As a result, a false impression was created that Medzhybizh Castle in the 18th century was significantly rebuilt as a romantic residence of princes Sieniawski and Czartoryski. Inventories, stored in the archive of manuscripts of the Czartoryski Library (Kraków, Poland), eliminate some false assumptions about the functioning of the Medzhybizh Castle in the 18th century, which until now were perceived as known facts. Documents show that the castle buildings during this period were used mainly for the economic activities of the Medzhybizh manor, and not as a “romantic residence”. At the same time, certain military functions of the castle complex are preserved. The specific purpose of most of the premises of the palace and other castle buildings is clarified. A consistent description of the premises proves that the castle has not undergone significant reconstruction since the 18th century. It has survived to the present day in almost the same form described in the inventories of the 1760s, except for a few minor changes. At the same time, some building elements (parts of windows, doors, ceiling, floor) for the second half of the 18th century are also quite archaic, which indicates the lack of modernization over a long period. Many details of the castle interior are typical for the 16th and 17th centuries. This inventory description, together with other documents, allows us, with high accuracy, to reconstruct the appearance and life of Medzhybizh Castle in the second half of the 18th century. It can be a basis for further archaeological and architectural research and restoration of the monument. The text of the inventories is accompanied by comments on the peculiarities and differences of the documents of different years, a Glossary of archaic, local words, building terms of the 18-19th centuries.

РАЗРАБОТКА МОДЕЛИ ЦЕННОСТНО-ОРИЕНТИРОВАННОЙ ОЦЕНКИ СТОИМОСТИ СТРОИТЕЛЬНЫХ ПРОЕКТОВ С ТОЧКИ ЗРЕНИЯ ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ИНВЕСТОРА С УЧЕТОМ ИНТЕРЕСОВ КЛЮЧЕВЫХ ГРУПП СТЕЙКХОЛДЕРОВ

In the modern conditions of the development of the world economy, a significant problem is being formed regarding the effectiveness of assessing the market value of construction projects from the point of view of institutional and private investors. This problem is caused by the instability and uncertainty of the development of the world economy, on the one hand, as well as the imperfection and lack of modernity of traditional methods of assessing the market value of construction projects, on the other. Within the framework of the current development of the situation in the global economy, the implementation of construction projects is associated with significant risks, which creates significant threats in the field of investment efficiency. This issue requires improving the process of assessing the market value of construction projects from the point of view of an institutional investor. The existing models of evaluation of construction projects are focused mainly on the profitability indicator and do not take into account two key factors: the dynamics of potential growth in the market value of the project and the interests of stakeholders as key persons able to influence the cost of the construction project. The model proposed in the framework of this study includes two key advantages in its structure, it allows you to calculate the growth potential of the market value of a construction project in an unstable economic situation. In addition, this model takes into account the interests of key groups of stakeholders, which makes it possible to determine that this model of estimating the market value of a construction project takes into account both quantitative and qualitative factors affecting the cost of the project. The model is based on the paradigm of comparative evaluation of construction projects from the point of view of an institutional investor, the calculation of the final results of the effectiveness of individual construction projects, according to this model, allows you to identify the most priority and effective from the point of view of a potential investor. This model makes it possible to assess the growth potential of the market value of a construction project both at the pre-investment stage and at the stage of direct investment. This model fully corresponds to modern trends in the field of investor orientation mainly on the potential growth rates of the market value of a construction project.

Un católico en Nueva York: Lorca’s Tragic Vision of the United States

This article discusses the role of Spanish Catholic tradition in the poetry of Federico García Lorca, especially in Poeta en Nueva York. Beginning with key concepts from Miguel de Unamuno’s Tragic Sense of Life to elucidate this tradition of irrationality, suffering, and spiritual vitality, we see that Lorca uses similar ideas as resistance to a “Protestant” modernity that, according to Lorca, favored materialist progress while eschewing human suffering. This article also demonstrates how the use of Spanish religious tradition complicates long-standing stereotypes of Spain’s supposed lack of modernization.

Educational gender inequality in the Muslim world: A problem of a cultural heritage, religion, or modernization?

AbstractObjectiveThe difference between the Muslim and non‐Muslim world in terms of educational gender equality has been blamed on the Islamic faith, and sometimes on a lack of modernization. Thus, I examine how Islam reduces educational gender equality and how/if its influence varies from one Muslim country to another.MethodI use Time‐series–cross‐section (TSCS) analysis for 29 Muslim countries between 1980 and 2010 to examine the influence of Arab culture on educational gender parity.ResultThe result indicates that the religious culture of Arab states seems to be highly associated with the educational gender gap. Also, the positive effect of modernization is more significant in Non‐Arab Muslim countries than in Arab Muslim countries.ConclusionThese findings are informative to educational policymakers since they explain why the international and local efforts on improving educational gender equality have not been as successful in the Muslim world as is the case in other societies.

Employee and Work Engagement: An Answer to The Problems of The Handloom Industry in India

Handloom has been a vintage industry. Its roots can be dated back to the early stages of human civilization. Over time thehandloom sectorhas endured various challenges and setbacks. Some of the major challenges faced have been due to the advancement of technological know-how and mechanizing of the production process. Lack of modernization, migration of workers to other fields have been some of the other problems faced by this industry. All these problems have left a huge impact on the workforce or employees engaged in this industry and hence the problems have become graver. On the other hand, employee engagement and work engagement, in particular, have been recognized to influence the work performance of the employees as well as the overall performance of the organization. With this paper, we will try and understand how work engagement and employee engagement can aid the handloom industry to tackle its problems.