Lack Of Governmental Policies Research Articles

Physiotherapists' perceptions and experiences of home-based rehabilitation in Libya: a qualitative study.

Introductionhome-based rehabilitation (HBR) is a rehabilitation model that aims to help people with disabilities to integrate into the community and be independent as much as possible. HBR is a promising alternative to institution-based rehabilitation, in which rehabilitation services are provided at patients' homes. However, challenges and barriers to HBR practice in Libya have never been researched before. This study explores physiotherapists' perceptions of home-based rehabilitation (HBR) in Libya and examines their views and the concerns they face.Methodseight physiotherapists (2 females, 6 males) with at least two years of work experience in the Libyan physiotherapy community participated in in-depth semi-structured interviews. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim, and the data were analyzed using framework method.Resultsthree themes emerged from the data, namely: i) access problems, including lack of infrastructure; ii) lack of governmental policies, such as the absence of governmental support (e.g., lack of programs and resources); iii) poor awareness and misconception issues, including that of patients and families.Conclusionalthough all the interviewed physiotherapists described HBR as an essential practice in Libya, they expressed concerns about several factors that hinder its development and may influence the quality of interventions provided in the community. Given the fact that this is the first qualitative study in this field in Libya, there is a need for future research to explore HBR from other perspectives, such as those of policymakers, healthcare planners, or patients and their families and/or caregivers.

Land Cover/Land Use Trends along the Blue Nile River Blue Nile State – Sudan

<p>The study focused on quantifying the extent and sources of the deterioration of the vegetation cover of the study area at the Sudanese Blue Nile watershed in relation to agriculture extension policy, inefficient management and Lack of governmental policy. </p><p>The Research was based on forest and vegetation inventory and soil analysis to determine the current situation using ground survey, forest inventory and remote sensing data as well as secondary information from other sources to cover historical records from 1990 to 2015.</p><p>The results showed a significant change in natural ecosystems during the study period due to the change in the land use patterns. The Closed forests, open forests, and rural settlement areas were found to decrease by -90%, -43% and -32% respectively during the period (1990-2000). This negative trend was reflected in a positive trend showed by expansion in agriculture (+267%), horticulture (+73%), bare land (144%), and urban areas (12%). During the period (2010-2015), which was the civil war period, the area of closed forests, open forests and urban areas were increased, in comparison to that of 1990-2000) by 201,10, and 247% respectively, while that of agriculture, Rural areas, and bare lands is negative (-51, -54 and -68% respectively).</p><p>The major factor for the change is mainly attributed to the migration of rural people towards urban areas due to civil war and economic crises. In addition, it is expected that there are other factors such as the absence of clear plans and coordination between concerned government authorities, at local and national levels, which may need further investigations and studies to clear the whole picture.</p>

Palliative Care: Time for Action.

Palliative Care: Time for Action.

The Drive to Internationalize: Perceptions and Motivations of Israeli College Directors

Given the relatively high degree of academic freedom granted to institutions in Israel in conjunction with the lack of governmental policy on internationalization, directors of higher education institutions comprise key agents in the institutional internationalization process that is taking place in Israeli higher education. In this study, we took a qualitative approach to explore the views and attitudes of seven college directors in Israel. We show that motivation for internationalization is a multifaceted phenomenon influenced by the college directors’ personal characteristics as well as by the colleges’ contextual factors. Moreover, it seems that second-tier colleges use internationalization to promote themselves towards the status of first-tier research universities. The study provides a first insight into the perceptions and motivations of Israeli educational institutions’ leaders regarding the development of institutional-level internationalization strategies.

Challenges to renewable energy: A bulletin of perceptions from international academic arena

Despite the optimism behind the growth in renewable energy (RE) and its deployment in 2011, and particularly in the aftermath of the Fukushima nuclear disaster, progress has remained inadequate and “too slow” in tackling the problem of accumulating carbon emissions in the atmosphere. Caveats have also been surfaced about the future development of RE and energy efficiency technologies since a mosaic of setbacks are hindering large scale clean energy development. In academia, perceptions of clean energy and energy efficiency technologies have been largely investigated from public acceptance point of view and to a narrower extent from the industrial and business landlords' point of view. However, studies that address these challenges to early-stage researchers and professors are limited, though they appear to play a pivotal role in advancing the science of RE. In this context, we conducted a survey-based study among a group of early-stage researchers (PhDs) and professors, who participated in two training courses in the UK and Cyprus. A total of 122 questionnaires were collected from the participants. The study found that progress in RE development was perceived to be developing moderately worldwide and hibernating in some countries. The respondents, regardless of their level of professional expertise and country's income class, perceived the prime factors hindering RE development worldwide were the lack of governmental policies, competition from fossil fuels (conventional and non-conventional), and lack of public awareness and support. Based on the respondents' geographical location, European academics perceived the lack of public support, Asian academics perceived the lack of supportive governmental policies, and African academics perceived the lack of mobilized public finance as key barriers to RE development. The participants emphasized the need to increase financial support for clean energy R&D, gradually adopt the uptake of renewables, and encourage synchronous and gradual elimination of fossil fuel subsidies.

Availability of Pain Medication for Patients in the Middle East: Status of the Problem and the Role of the Middle East Cancer Consortium (MECC): Implications for other Regions

For these patients, the only realistic treatment option is pain relief and palliative care, except for Israel and Turkey, in all other Middle Eastern countries there is still a lack of governmental policies recognizing palliative care. As a result in most Middle Eastern countries the consumption of opioids is either virtually negligent or very low (Table 1). By and large, Fentanyl is currently the opioid of choice whereby its consumption comprises 60-80% of all opioids consumed, whereas that of Morphine is negligible (Table 2). While comparing the most recent data with those of a decade ago, it can be noted that there is an increase in the consumption of opioid, but it is still far behind that of those of the USA (Figure 1). It is, therefore, clear that there are large disparities in the consumption levels of opioids in Middle Eastern countries, versus developed countries.

Nurses' Role in the Prevention of Infant Mortality in 1884–1925: Health Disparities Then and Now

Nursing has a strong historical precedence in the treatment of health disparities. This article evaluates the public health nurses' (PHNs') role with infant mortality during 1884-1920, specifically how nursing care impacted on conditions of poverty, poor nutrition, poor living conditions, lack of education, and lack of governmental policies that contributed to the poor health of infants a century ago. The historical significance of the early PHNs' role can improve our understanding of nursing practice with childhood health issues today. Suggestions are made for nursing to focus on health disparities in childhood obesity, in areas of environmental and policy changes, and the development of social programs and education for families to support healthier living.