Laboratory Model Turbogenerator Research Articles

Transputer implementation of adaptive control for a turbogenerator system

The paper describes the design and implementation of digital self-tuning automatic voltage regulators for excitation control of a synchronous generator. Practical aspects such as controller robustness and processing power are discussed. Conventional microprocessor technology is unable to achieve the sampling periods required for industrial application. A parallel architecture using INMOS transputers combined with an advanced VME bus-based measurement system provide an open-ended solution to this problem, and enable the adaptive controllers to operate within the required 10 ms sample period. The scheme was initially evaluated on a computer simulation of a three-phase turboalternator. A laboratory model turbogenerator was then controlled to test the performance and reliability of the system under realistic conditions.

On-line evaluation of auto-tuning optimal PID controller on micromachine system

Concerns the on-line evaluation of an auto-tuning optimal PID automatic voltage regulator for a synchronous generator. The design of the regulator is performed directly on a non-linear laboratory model turbogenerator, using optimization techniques, and the control strategy combines automatic voltage regulation with the functions of a power system stabilizer. The PID and stabilizing signal parameters are optimized on-line in real time, using a search procedure, with linear quadratic performance index, and only impulse responses of the system are required. Appropriate hardward and software systems have been developed, and the regulator has been extensively tested on a micromachine. Results obtained for long-term operation show that the controller can provide good performance during varying operating conditions, with a wide range of disturbances. The results have been compared with those obtained under the same operating conditions using a conventional automatic voltage regulator and stabilizer.

Turbine Generator Excitation Control Using Advanced Digital Techniques

The use of a self-tuning strategy for excitation control of turbine generators is described. Schemes to improve the robustness of parameter estimation in the self-tuning algorithm are presented. A software simulator and a laboratory model turbogenerator which have been used to evaluate the performance of the self-tuning excitation controller are briefly described. Some of the results obtained are documented.

Optimal PID automatic voltage regulator for synchronous machines

The design and testing of an optimal PID automatic voltage regulator for synchronous machines is treated. The proposed digital PID regulator combines automatic voltage regulation with the function of a power system stabilizer. The PID and stabilizing signal parameters are optimized based on a linear quadratic performance index using the Simplex method. The design of the regulator is achieved directly without using a linearised mathematical model, and only impulse responses of the system are required during the optimization procedure. The microcomputer-based regulator with digital filters has been tested on a laboratory model turbogenerator system. Simulation and experimental results are presented, showing that the regulator provides very good performance, which is superior to that obtained with a conventional automatic voltage regulator with power system stabilizer.

Computer Aided Control System Design for Power Generation Plant

The paper describes the development of a computer-aided modelling and control-system-design facility for power generation plant. This has been fully imple-mented on a laboratory model turbogenerator, and extensive tests have been conducted on full-scale plant. The system is based on a dedicated PDP 11-23 microcomputer, with background processing on a VAX 11-780 minicomputer, using specially-written software packages. Results obtained both in the laboratory and from site tests are presented.

Evaluation of online identification methods for optimal control of a laboratory model turbogenerator

The paper describes the application of four methods of online parameter identification to a laboratory model turbogenerator. It presents a practical assessment of the accuracy and characteristics of each method in obtaining a discrete linear multivariable model of a nonlinear process. State-space controllers have been designed on the basis of these models, and thoroughly tested in the laboratory. The results show that a very high quality of control may be achieved in this manner.

Identification and control of a laboratory model turbogenerator

This paper describes the application of a recursive least squares algorithm to identify a laboratory turbogenerator system. The algorithm was initially tested in a computer simulation, which indicated that identified low-order models can represent the small-signal dynamics of a non-linear system more accurately than the corresponding linearized analytical models. This was confirmed by laboratory tests, which clearly showed the difficulty of representing the system by analytical models, and the substantial improvement obtained by identification The availability of accurate low-order linear models is particularly important in the design of controllers, to facilitate the design procedures and reduce the complexity of the system. Controllers based on identified models of the plant were designed and tested over a wide range of operating conditions, and found to give very good performance.

Application of multivariable frequency response methods to control of turbogenerators

This paper deals with the design, evaluation and testing of an integrated control scheme for a turbogenerator equipped with a high-gain thyristor exciter and an electro-hydraulio governing system. Multivariable frequency response methods are used, and these are demonstrated to be eminently suitable for the design and analysis of turbogenerator controllers. It is shown that a control scheme consisting of an automatic voltage regulator with speed stabilizer, and speed governor with lead compensator, designed by the above methods, can greatly improve the dynamic and transient performance of a turbogenerator. This was confirmed by computer simulation, and by extensive tests on a laboratory model turbogenerator. The controllers in the oxcitor and governor loops are easily implemented, and the results show significant improvements in system damping, transient stability, and post-fault recovery of terminal voltage. It has thus been established that these controllers, designed on the basis of linearized mathemati...

On-Line Identification and Adaptive Control of Laboratory Model Turbogenerator

This paper is concerned with on-line identification of a laboratory model turbogenerator, controlled by a mini-computer. A recursive least-squares algorithm is employed, running in parallel with the control and instrumentation software, so that the controller may be updated whenever operating conditions change. The identified state-variable model is used as a basis for the design of a sub-optimal controller, using a single-stage dynamic programming algorithm, which can be rapidly implemented. The results illustrate the quality of identification that can be achieved, and the effectiveness of the controller.

Instrumentation for Testing and Control of Laboratory Model Turbogenerator

This paper describes an automated measurement system for a micromachine, which is a laboratory model of a large turbogenerator, used for practical evaluation of proposed new control schemes involving on-line computer control. Rotor angle, slip, and various electrical quantities have to be measured rapidly and accurately, with immediate graphical display of outputs, and frequent updating for control purposes. The philosophy adopted is to present data to the computer in its most basic form, to be processed by efficient software routines.