Labor Productivity Of Enterprises Research Articles

Application of innovative factors to increase labor productivity

The relevance of the research topic lies in the fact that increasing labor productivity is an urgent task for all levels of the economy. Labor productivity is the basis of long-term economic growth and competitiveness. Ukraine has the potential to solve the problem of increasing labor productivity, using innovative factors to increase it. To this end, the country studies and analyzes the works of scientists, practical experience, natural potential and other opportunities to increase labor productivity. Formulation of the problem. Although there are many areas of application of innovative factors for increasing labor productivity, it is required, first, to find new and improve existing ways to increase labor productivity. Therefore, a high level of labor productivity is the main condition for the effective functioning of an enterprise in market conditions, since this indicator is one of the main factors of competitiveness, which means an increase in the standard of living. Only by choosing an innovative way of development of the enterprise, it is possible to achieve the set goals. Therefore, the issue of using the innovation factor to increase the productivity of the enterprise is relevant. Analysis of recent research and publications. Research on related issues with increasing productivity and factors influencing it. Many domestic and foreign scientists, in particular: Z. Varnaly, D. Goddess, O. Grishnova, A. Revenko, E. Kuchina, L. Fulakova, B. Crepon, E. Duguet, L. Klomp, A. Manual and others. At the same time, the problem has not been fully studied, especially with the direction of using innovations to increase labor productivity in business. The purpose of this article is to give practical recommendations on the use of innovative factors to increase labor productivity. To achieve the goals set, it is necessary to solve the following tasks: to demonstrate the socio-economic significance of increasing labor productivity in modern conditions; clarify the classification of labor productivity growth factors and highlight the innovative component, determine the place of innovation in the system of labor productivity increase factors; characterize the impact of innovative factors on labor productivity; suggest possible ways of using innovations to increase labor productivity. The object of research is the process of increasing labor productivity in enterprises. The subject of the research is the study of theoretical and practical issues about the impact of innovations on the growth of labor productivity. Application area. The results of this study can be applied at Ukrainian enterprises to solve the problem of applying innovative factors to increase labor productivity at the enterprise, as well as in the initial process of teaching the discipline "Labor Economics and Socio-Economic Relations", "Personnel Management", "Innovative Development of Enterprises". Conclusions in accordance with the article. This study leads us to the conclusion that the problem of increasing labor productivity is currently emerging. It is especially important for Ukraine as it is in the process of economic transformation. Our country is facing serious problems: increased pressure from international competitors, dependence on the export of raw materials and world valuables, low living standards for the majority of the population, etc.

Оценка макроэкономических факторов и внутренних условий роста производительности труда в функционировании экономических субъектов

Changes in labor productivity in enterprises occur due to various factors that are external macroeconomic factors, as well as due to changes in internal conditions that could lead to changes within the enterprise itself. The article analyzes macroeconomic factors and internal conditions of labor productivity growth in the functioning of economic entities.

ФОРМУВАННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОЇ СТРАТЕГІЇ ЗАЛУЧЕННЯ ПРЯМИХ ІНОЗЕМНИХ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙ В ЕКОНОМІКУ УКРАЇНИ: СУЧАСНІ РЕАЛІЇ

The article considers foreign direct investment as an economic phenomenon. It is noted that the investment climate of the country plays a special role in attracting foreign capital. The main factors of formation of investment attractiveness of Ukraine, which contribute to the expansion of its investment ties, are named. The East Invest - 2 project and the main recommendations for improving the efficiency of attracting foreign investment into the economy of Ukraine are considered. Particular attention is paid to identifying the threats that foreign investment can pose to the host country, such as: the relocation of hazardous environmental production, control over raw materials, capital flight and others. The main tendencies of foreign investment in Ukraine are considered. Also, the study found that increasing productivity is one of the positive effects of foreign investment, as it is associated with a high level of innovation in such investments. In Ukraine, labor productivity in enterprises with foreign investment is on average 3.5 times higher than in enterprises without them. This is, in particular, due to a larger amount of investment in fixed capital per employee, which in firms with foreign capital is more - 5 - 7 times. In modern economic conditions, the investment environment has a significant impact on attracting foreign investment, which in Ukraine remains not the most favorable. The main factors of the need to further increase foreign investment in the economy of Ukraine are indicated. The main problems that hinder the processes of attracting foreign investment to Ukraine have been identified. At the same time, the main aspects of Ukraine's attractiveness as an investment recipient have been identified. Outlining the main directions of formation of a favorable investment climate in Ukraine. The directions of further activity of Ukraine concerning formation of effective strategy of increase of investment attractiveness are named. The ways to stimulate investment are identified and the objects of investment that can bring more profit to the investor at the present stage are identified.

Waste of money or growth opportunity: The causal effect of EU subsidies on Hungarian SMEs

Although EU subsidies aiming at economic development play a pivotal role not only for Hungary but for the entire European Union as well, there is a debate regarding their effectiveness in the literature. This paper investigates the impact of direct economic development subsidies extended in the context of Structural Funds and the Cohesion Fund as part of the 2007–2013 programming period of the European Union on Hungarian micro, small and medium-sized enterprises. Based on a micro database, we evaluate the impact of corporates’ first subsidies on various performance indicators, using a combination of propensity score matching and fixed effects panel regression. According to our results, economic development funds had a significant positive effect on the number of employees, sales revenue, gross value added and, in some cases, operating profit. However, the labour productivity of enterprises was not significantly affected by any of the support schemes. Furthermore, by explicitly comparing non-refundable subsidies (grants) and refundable assistance (financial instruments), we find that there is no significant difference in the effectiveness of the two types of subsidy.

РАЗРАБОТКА ИНТЕГРАТИВНОЙ МОДЕЛИ ОПЕРЕЖАЮЩЕГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ ПЕРСОНАЛА В РАМКАХ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ПРОЕКТА «ПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ ТРУДА И ПОДДЕРЖКА ЗАНЯТОСТИ»

The implementation of the Labor Productivity and Employment Support national project for the period from 2019 to 2024 becomes a priority factor in the growth of labor productivity in enterprises of non-primary sectors of the Russian economy. The project provides for large-scale proactive training of staff of domestic enterprises in innovative methods of managing labor productivity. Proactive training is characterized by a wide range of potential effects, which are often not fully manifested in practice due to the prevalence of a fragmented approach to the development of corporate educational programs and the lack of a holistic understanding among managers of enterprises of the content of the staff training process. The aim of the study is to develop an integrative model of staff proactive training focused on the formation of transdisciplinary competencies necessary to solve complex managerial and economic problems in the field of increasing labor productivity. In the research, the authors used the methodology of an integrative approach to staff training, the methodology of critical thinking, the methodology of system analysis, the method of expert data analysis, and the statistical method. The authors conclude that the elaborated integrative model develops a model of staff competencies in the field of labor productivity management and contributes to a more efficient achievement of the goals of the Labor Productivity and Employment Support national project.

The effect of labor productivity on economic growth

The purpose of the study is to study the level of labor productivity as the most important conditions for sustainable economic growth and improving the competitiveness of the national economy Materials and methods. The study used the methods of analysis of composition and structure, the calculation of absolute and relative indicators of dynamics, average values, comparative analysis, graphical method of analysis, as well as the general theoretical method of analysis of Russian and foreign literary sources. The main research methods are cluster, stochastic and dynamic analysis. The study found application methods for collecting primary economic information, including analysis of legislative and regulatory acts of the Russian Federation, official statistical data, public reporting data of domestic enterprises, analysis of other open sources of information, a systematic approach, statistical and comparative analysis methods. The study examined the works of N.A. Alekseeva, G.A. Barysheva, V.Ivanter, A.Idrisova, S.V. Kaymanakova, N.I. Komkova, E.V. Kondratieva, I.T. Korodina, Kositsina, F.P., Kuvalin D., Kulkova V.M., Mamontova V.D., Nekipolova A., Nikulina OV, Oder D.E., Sapir J., Yuhacheva S.P. , Yantovsky A.A. and others. Results. Adhering to the opinion of well-known economists, we will consider economic growth as a system of interaction and reproduction of the elements and factors of economic growth of the national economy. Economic growth is determined by the factors that determine the pace and scale of the long-term increase in gross domestic product, the possibility of increasing the efficiency and quality of growth. The study made it possible to determine that the main factors affecting economic growth are labor productivity, the size of the average wage, and the amount of investment. In turn, labor productivity is also associated with the cost of technological innovation and the index of ingenuity. One of the qualitative characteristics of economic growth is labor productivity, which contributes not only to an increase in production, but also to an increase in the income level of the population due to an increase in the total consumption of goods and services. Conclusion. The implementation of the principle of faster growth of labor productivity over wage growth should take into account the need to ensure equity in income differentiation, which will stimulate the development of the creative potential of labor resources. To increase labor productivity in enterprises, it is necessary to introduce modern methods of process management, the principles of the organization of lean manufacturing. A systematic approach to solving these problems will make it possible in the coming years to improve the competitiveness of enterprises, and in the long term, it will contribute to a systematic increase in labor productivity and ensure decent economic growth.

ПОКАЗНИКИ І МЕТОДИ ВИМІРЮВАННЯ ПРОДУКТИВ-НОСТІ ПРАЦІ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ В УМОВАХ ЖОРСТКОЇ КОНКУРЕНЦІЇ

ПОКАЗНИКИ І МЕТОДИ ВИМІРЮВАННЯ ПРОДУКТИВ-НОСТІ ПРАЦІ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВАХ В УМОВАХ ЖОРСТКОЇ КОНКУРЕНЦІЇ

PEOPLE’S ENTERPRISES IN THE SYSTEM OF THE WORLD ECONOMY DEMONSTRATE COMPETITIVENESS.WHAT IS THEIR FATE IN RUSSIA?

It so happened that at present more than 70 % of the property in Russia are in possession of one percent of the population. Such a model of capital concentration was recognized by Western economists a few decades ago as ineffective. Concentration of capital neither promotes any increase in labor productivity of enterprises nor economic growth in Russia as a whole. In this regard, the ways to improve the their productivity, the growth of enterprises employees engagement in the end result of their activity are increasingly discussed. Many proposals to solve these problems relate to the development of collective forms of ownership, to cooperatives and national enterprises. The development of cooperation, the support of national enterprises , the involvement of ordinary workers in economic activities of their companies, should be in our opinion, an integral part of the strategic plan for further development of the economy.In this article the operation of enterprises with joint-stock property workers under current economic situation is discussed. Even back in 1998 when discussing the draft and the subsequent adoption of the Federal Law of 19.07.98 № 115 «On the peculiarities of the legal status of share holding societies (national enterprises)» many critics talked about their artificiality and insolvency. Such entities operate now for 15 years confidently proving their competitiveness. The author discusses the positive aspects of people’s enterprises, indicates their problems.

Labor Productivity in Rural African Enterprises: Empirical Evidence from the LSMS-ISA

Although non-farm enterprises are ubiquitous in rural Sub-Saharan Africa, little is yet known about their productivity. In this paper we contribute to filling this gap by providing estimates of labor productivity in enterprises for Ethiopia, Malawi, Nigeria, and Uganda. Using the World Bank's LSMS-ISA database, we find that rural enterprises are on average less productive than those in urban areas, and that female-owned enterprises are less productive than male-owned enterprises. By estimating Heckman selection and panel data models, we find that education and access to credit are associated with higher labor productivity, while households that experience shocks operate less productive enterprises. Furthermore we provide evidence that enterprises that operate throughout the year are more productive. We conclude that gender, education, shocks, access to finance, and location matter for labor productivity in rural Africa, and that policy decisions tackling the shortcomings could significantly contribute to a better business environment and increased labor productivity.

KM Approach for Improving the Labor Productivity of Vietnamese Enterprise

In knowledge society, knowledge management (KM) is considered the best strategy for improving the labor productivity of an enterprise. However, the effectiveness of KM on labor productivity is not known exactly, especially since it depends on the development level of a country. To find a solution based on KM approach for improving the labor productivity of Vietnamese enterprise, a new model is proposed, which includes knowledge capability, technology capability, KM, employee satisfaction, and labor productivity. By analyzing data from Vietnamese enterprises, the model is tested and suggestions for improving the labor productivity of Vietnamese enterprises are made. Some results of data analysis are: employee satisfaction positively affects the labor productivity and that KM has a strong effect on employee satisfaction. Further, some suggestions for improving the labor productivity of Vietnamese enterprises are: organizing frequent meetings for shortening cultural gap between managers and employees, replacing old machines combined with improving employees’ self learning skill, improving innovation capability by creating an open culture for encouraging employees to voice their opinions.