La Aurora Research Articles

Campanian conifer woods from Estancia La Aurora, Cañadón Asfalto Basin, Patagonia Argentina

Conifer fossil woods from the Campanian Puntudo Chico Formation were studied. The specimens were collected at the Estancia La Aurora, Cañadón Asfalto Basin, Chubut Province, Patagonia, Argentina. The parautochthonous petrified woods, which have well-preserved anatomy, were transported a short distance from their original habit and deposited within fluvial channels. The use of transmitted light and scanning electron microscopes allowed to identify the diagnostic characters. This paper corroborates the presence of Brachyoxylon currumillii and the first mention of Cupressinoxylon sp. cf. C. artabeae in the Puntudo Chico Formation. The new specimens of Podocarpoxylon mazzonii confirm that this taxon is a common and abundant element in the Cretaceous to Eocene floristic assemblages. Based on 51 growth-rings, the mean ring width, and Mean Sensitivity (MS) were 1.68 mm (0.62–2.92 mm) and 0.33 (0.27–0.40) respectively. These fossil trees indicate that they developed under temperate and humid conditions, with slightly sensitive from year to year with a terminal event representing a cessation or retardation of cambial activity. Other paleoclimatic proxies including geological and fossil data indicate that the Puntudo Chico Formation was deposited under temperate-warm and humid conditions, with some semi-arid events.

To Africanize Spain: Twentieth-Century Spanish Poetry and the Persistent Forms of al-Andalus

To Africanize Spain: Twentieth-Century Spanish Poetry and the Persistent Forms of al-Andalus

Presence of Arsenic in Potential Sources of Drinking Water Supply Located in a Mineralized and Mined Area of the Sierra Madre Oriental in Mexico.

Mine wastes from the La Aurora mine in the state of Guanajuato were generated by the flotation process and placed in four tailing dumps on the local stream while the plant operated. Given that these wastes contain toxic elements, it is important to establish their impact on the quality of several surrounding natural sources of water that are considered potential drinking water supplies. This study identified four water source types, in which the contents of arsenic (As), mercury (Hg), and thallium (Tl) were exceeded, according to international guideline values for drinking water quality. The first type of aqueous sample corresponded to leachates produced by rainwater infiltration in tailings and water–mineral waste interactions. The second type corresponded to surface water along the Xichú and La Laja Streams, and the third and fourth types involved two groundwater well samples and spring samples, respectively. The Chiquito Stream was used as a reference area that had not been impacted by the mine wastes. The isotopic signatures associated with δ34Ssulfate and δ18Osulfate compositions from the El Ojo de Agua spring are similar to those of the Santa María River and are different from those of the mine waste leachates. This study shows evidence of the presence of As in the El Ojo de Agua spring, which results from dissolution of secondary mineral phases that were produced by alteration of the mine wastes, which then migrated along the Xichú Stream system until reaching the spring. These As-bearing fine particles are prone to dissolution when in contact with this water source. Principal component analysis revealed that the observed As, Tl, and Hg can be attributed to weathering of the mine wastes. However, the results suggest that a natural contribution of these elements could be associated with rainwater–igneous rock interactions.

Operating Conditioning in Bennett Ualabies (Macropus Rufogriseus) Ex Situ for Drugs Administration by Oral Route

The objective of this study was the oral administration of trimetoprim sulfamethoxazole as a prophylactic therapy in Bennett’s Wallabies (Macropus Rufogriseus) through the use of operant conditioning. In the study participated 15 animals of different gender and age, all of them living at “La Aurora” National Zoo in Guatemala City, Guatemala. The investigation was divided in 2 stages, first the desensitization and conditioning of the animals and second the oral administration of the drug. Results indicated that 76% of the population had a positive response to the desensitization and conditioning, however only 20% consumed the 100% of the dose. In conclusion the operant conditioning is an excellent tool for desensitizing and creating a routine with zoo animals, but further investigation is required to determine the efficiency of the administration of an oral treatment on this species.

Evidence for soil pesticide contamination of an agroecological farm from a neighboring chemical-based production system

The global chemical-based agriculture (CBA) production system brought social and environmental consequences such as the contamination of soils, waters, bottom sediments and food, as well as negative effects on non-target species. As an alternative, a new paradigm emerged: agroecology-based agriculture (ABA), based on ecosystem services and the reduction of chemical inputs. More and more establishments have adopted this form of production; however, they are located next to crops to which pesticides are applied. The objective of this work was to study, through the spatio-temporal characterizations of pesticides in soils, how an ABA production system can be affected by the CBA fields around it. Two sampling campaigns were conducted and soil samples were obtained from "La Aurora", an agricultural establishment located in the Argentine pampa and recognized by the FAO for its agroecological practices, and from neighboring fields with CBA productions. The samples were tested for 19 herbicides (including 3 metabolites) and 3 fungicides by UPLC-MS/MS, of which we detected glyphosate and its metabolite AMPA, 2,4-D, atrazine, acetochlor, metsulfuron-methyl, desethyl-atrazine, epoxiconazole, and tebuconazole. Three or more pesticides co-occurred in 93% and 32% of the CBA and ABA samples, respectively. Glyphosate and AMPA, with the highest detection frequency, also accounted for 90% of the total pesticide load in both systems. The maximum concentrations (μg kg−1 dry weight) in the CBA/ABA fields, respectively, were glyphosate (1268.92/98.93), AMPA (2919.17/114.01), followed by 2,4-D (38.52/31.12), and epoxiconazole (13.35/18.41). No significant temporal differences were found in glyphosate concentration within each establishment, corroborating its pseudo-persistence in CBA establishments, and establishing it in ABA field. Moreover, glyphosate was found in the ABA field more than 300 m from the limit with the CBA fields. Glyphosate and AMPA concentrations are in the order of those reported to cause sublethal and lethal effects in soil organisms. These results highlight the mobility of pesticides, as the ABA establishment is affected by its surroundings where pesticides are used, even at sites far from the interface between them. Given their higher detection frequencies and environmental concentrations in comparison to the other pesticides, glyphosate and AMPA are proposed as environmental tracers of conventional agroproductive activities.

Spiritual pilgrimages and UFO tourism in Uruguay: the case of La Aurora's cattle ranch

This paper analyses the advent of a type of spiritual tourism that is taking place on livestock farms in northern Uruguay. The spread of stories about sightings of anomalous lights and unidentified...

Spiritual pilgrimages and UFO tourism in Uruguay: the case of La Aurora's cattle ranch

Spiritual pilgrimages and UFO tourism in Uruguay: the case of La Aurora's cattle ranch

El tratamiento literario de la causa inmaculista en La Aurora de Cristo (1616) de Luis de Belmonte BermúdezThe Immaculate Conception in Luis de Belmonte Bermúdez’s La Aurora de Cristo (1616)

Abstract Even before Philip III created the Immaculate Conception Royal Committee in 1616, a fervent promotion and defense of the dogma of Virgin Mary’s Immaculate Conception were carried out, resulting in a series of poems of circumstance devoted to this doctrine that proliferated through the Baroque period. A sample of that intense literary activity is La Aurora de Cristo, a narrative epic poem written that same year by Luis de Belmonte Bermúdez, who was from Seville. This paper focuses on this work as a reflection of a moment of maximum apogee of the Marianist spirit lived in the Andalusian city.

Aproximaciones a la violencia de género en la narrativa peruana contemporánea: el caso de La sangre de la aurora de Claudia Salazar Jiménez

La violencia de género se ha abordado en diversas obras literarias, pero en años recientes ha tomado un lugar central en la narrativa latinoamericana. Este trabajo se enfocará en el análisis de una novela peruana sobre el conflicto armado en donde la violencia en contra de las mujeres tiene un peso central. Se trata de La sangre de la aurora, de Claudia Salazar Jiménez (Lima, 1976), publicada en 2013 y ganadora del Premio Las Américas. Este artículo ofrece una mirada con perspectiva de género, y se apoya en las ideas de Rita Segato y Jean Franco, para analizar la manera en que se ha ficcionalizado la violencia en contra de las mujeres en el contexto de la guerra peruana.

Colonial Fault Lines and the Ruptures of Chilean Independence: Earthquakes, Reason, and Religion in the Polemic between Camilo Henríquez and Tadeo Silva

During Chilean independence, a polemic between fray Camilo Henríquez and Dominican Tadeo Silva over the causes of earthquakes and religious processions filled the pages of periodicals and pamphlets. After the 1812 Venezuela and 1822 Valparaíso earthquakes, Henríquez published articles in the newspapers he edited—La Aurora de Chile and Mercurio de Chile—arguing that earthquakes were nothing more than a natural phenomenon and urged the state to regulate bloody religious processions.

The sasachakuy tiempo: The Representation of Intersectional Violence in Literature of the Peruvian Armed Conflict (1980-2000)

Abstract In Peruvian society a colonial foundation remains in which racism, classism, and patriarchal structures intersect to make historically marginalized communities more vulnerable to violence. Research shows that indigenous communities suffered the most devastating effects during the Peruvian Armed Conflict, known as the sasachakuy tiempo in Quechua or “difficult time,” a period in which they suffered dehumanizing violence. Through an intersectional analysis of novels that fictionalize this period, Julio Ortega’s Adiós Ayacucho, Óscar Colchado Lucio’s Rosa Cuchillo, and Claudia Salazar Jiménez’s La sangre de la aurora, the article shows how violence and systems of oppression affect more intensely extremely marginalized groups.

"A la aurora te busco" (Sal 63,2): Estudio exegético-teológico de Salmo 63 par Sebastián Prieto Silva

Reviewed by: "A la aurora te busco" (Sal 63,2): Estudio exegético-teológico de Salmo 63 par Sebastián Prieto Silva J. L. Manzo sebastián prieto silva, "A la aurora te busco" (Sal 63,2): Estudio exegético-teológico de Salmo 63 (Tesi Gregoriana: Series Teologia 222; Rome: Gregorian & Biblical Press, 2016). Pp. 351. Paper €20. This dissertation (Pontifical Gregorian University, 2015; directed by Bruna Costacurta) presents an exegetical and theological analysis of Psalm 63. Pietro Silva uses synchronic analysis, relying heavily on philology and intertextuality to discover the meaning of the words, syntax, and theological themes present in the psalm. P.S. determines that the author composes a cohesive literary unit that incorporates diverse religious practices and daily customs of Israel's traditions to show his deep faith in God. After a preface and an introduction, the book divides into two main sections. The first section consists of two chapters; the second section comprises four chapters, followed by a conclusion. In chap. 1, P.S. offers a detailed analysis of the history of translation of the MT of Psalm 63 and offers his own rendition. Chapter 2 surveys the literary genre, themes, syntactical and structural pattern that leads P.S. to classify Psalm 63 as an individual lament with the following structure: a longing for God (vv. 2-3); the encounter of God in the temple (vv. 3-6); intimacy with God (vv. 7-9); God's divine intervention and joyful response [End Page 535] of the psalmist (vv. 10-12). P.S. then argues that Psalm 63 may be dated to the exilic or postexilic periods. This is followed by a theological reading of the psalm within the Psalter. Lastly, P.S. addresses the theological and historical significance of the psalm's title. Chapter 3, the most extensive section of the book, studies the four lines of the first strophe (v. 2). The first line, a programmatic statement (v. 2a), expresses the reciprocal union of the psalmist with God through the formula, "you are my God," which is reminiscent of the covenant ("I am your God and you are my people"). At the same time, the psalmist's hope for God's salvation is captured in the image of the light (symbol of hope) irrupting amid the darkness. Next, the language of thirst expresses the spiritual thirst for God (v. 2b), while the description of the psalmist's flesh as weak is a symbol of vulnerability and an acknowledgment of dependence on God. In v. 2c the dry land is described using physiognomic characteristics to reflect the poet's own spiritual reality: he feels alienated from God in a withered land. In chap. 4, P.S. studies the second strophe (vv. 3-6). Here, the psalmist finds himself in the holy place, the temple, where he contemplates and sees God. The psalmist's vision is an interior/spiritual perception of God's own holiness and power, two attributes manifested in creation and in God's salvific deeds. The act of praise that follows is described by P.S. as incorporating an epistemological dimension and cultural practices taken from the Semitic world of worship. The psalmist knows that God's divine ḥesed sustains all things. This knowing prompts him to worship with gestures such as exalting God with the šbḥ, a sacrifice used to calm God's wrath, with the promise to bless God all his life, and with the lifting of the hands when calling upon God's name. These actions climax in an allusion to a communal sacrifice (ḥēleb wādešen) during which the psalmist sees his own existential reality emanating from the divine essence that fills his spirit with joy. In chap. 5, P.S. treats the third strophe (vv. 7-9). The context of his reflection in the solitude and quietness of the night while resting on his bed is a past saving intervention of God. Knowing himself protected by God, the psalmist expresses through sensory images a "physical" union with his savior: his soul has adhered to God while God's right hand has sustained him. God's right hand serves as a transition to the next section in...

Synchrotron based study of As mobility and speciation in tailings from a mining site in Mexico

Mine Tailings of “La Aurora”, a mining site located in central Mexico, display anomalous concentrations of As, Zn, Pb, Cu and Cd. However, data on their potential toxicity is not available. It is known that toxicity is related to elemental speciation. In this work, we evaluated the biogeochemical dynamics of As in terms of mobility and chemical nature. For this purpose, samples of soils, mine tailings, plants and water were collected. Synchrotron based techniques and chemical fractionation extractions were used to determine As speciation, potential mobility, and bioavailability. Our results showed that As is present in concentrations up to 12,672±34 and 326±10mgkg−1 in mine tailings and nearby soils, respectively. X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) analysis demonstrated that As is present as AsV in a structure similar to that of kankite (FeAsO4·3.5H2O) and beudantite (PbFe3 (AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6). The presence of these mineral structures were confirmed by μ X-Ray Fluorescence and X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (μ-XRF/XANES). Arsenic was also detected in plant species growing in the tested soils. The highest As concentrations were determined in the roots of Baccharis salicifolia (up to 44mgkg−1). In a creek nearby the mine tailings, As levels of 163±15μgL−1 were quantified. In terms of phytoaccessibility and bioaccessibility, As levels can be considered toxic for both plants and humans. According to sequential extraction results, As is associated mainly with the crystalline Fe-Ox fraction.

Descripción del potencial de aprovechamiento hídrico y de riesgos hidrológicos en el municipio de Xichú, NE del estado de Guanajuato

Hydrological potential at Xichu county was described. It is considered the main water reserve of the state of Guanajuato, but paradoxically inhabitants don`t have water supply minimal infrastructure. At Xichu is possible to find the most contaminated site with arsenic in Mexico: La Aurora mine tailings. The aim of this study was to know hydric exploitation potential (annual rain volume and fluxes of seven springs) and to describe danger scenarios (cartography of mine tailings of La Aurora, hydrological conditions of two main channels and to simulate maximal runoff using real rains data). Springs at karstic and fractured rocks produce significative volumes that can supply potable water to population all year. Mine wastes represents at least 600 000 t of materials that can be eroded. Rains over this region favor threat conditions by slides or remotion mass processes. It lacks hydrologic instrumentation to predict risks and take opportune decisions.

Calderón’s Theater of the New World: Historical Mimesis in La aurora en Copacabana

Lope de Vega, in the dedicatoria to La campana de Aragon , included in the Parte XV de las Comedias , famously pondered historical drama as an effective means to “renovar la fama desde los teatros a las memorias de las gentes” (qtd. in Case 203–04). Due to its eminent ability to make history come alive before the eyes of the audience, the emerging historical drama was certainly the most popular instance of what may be termed the contemporary obsession with history, and thus the most important aesthetic vehicle for the formation of collective memory and cultural identity during this crucial period of nascent European nation states. Examining the case of Pedro Calderon de la Barca’s juxtaposition of orthodox Catholic religious practice and parallel Amerindian rites in La aurora en Copacabana , the present essay proposes a novel approach to his often misunderstood play about the military and religious conquest of Inca Peru, introducing the concept of “historical mimesis” to describe the universal or philosophical, plausible but not veristic, creative and performative staging of history.

Arsenic Liberation from Mine Wastes Derived of Skarn Deposits at Sierra Madre Oriental, México

This work focuses on the evaluation of magnitude of arsenic release into the Xichú River from mine wastes at La Aurora mine, located in Sierra Madre Oriental at Guanajuato state, Mexico. Approximately 1 million tons of sulfur-rich tailings were deposited on the banks of the river after the extraction and processing of skarn ore type deposits. A total of 47 water samples were collected and analyzed at field and by atomic absorption spectroscopy. All samples contain As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn product of sulphide oxidation at mine wastes. Chemical composition diagrams (Piper and Stiff) were created with the obtained data with the software AQUACHEM to visualize the impact of arsenic leaching in the Xichú basin. At the base of one deposit, a small, localized and continuous liberation of leachates occur, with very high quantities of arsenic in solution and associated to suspended particles. In aqueous phase, at least migrates 2kg of arsenic per year and great quantities of iron and sulfates. The affectation level is controlled by seasonal conditions. Is possible find Mn in all the analyzed samples and it seems that arsenic liberated from mine wastes affect a great area. The in-situ formation of oxides and oxi-hydroxides favor arsenic retention.

Ruptura del cuerpo y ruptura del lenguaje en la novela de la memoria histórica en el Perú. Estudio comparativo de Adiós Ayacucho de Julio Ortega y La sangre de la aurora de Claudia Salazar

Two novels which represent a part of the internal armed confl ict in Peru (1980-2000) are discussed: Adios Ayacucho (1986) by Julio Ortega and La sangre de la aurora (2013) by Claudia Salazar. Although these novels are chronologically distant, both analize language transgression as a means to represent violence in the most essential matter: the body. The comparative analysis has three objectives. First, the difference between the novel of historical memory and the novel of violence in Peru is explained; second, an understanding of both novels is proposed through two important body metaphors: the bone metaphor and the liquid metaphor. Finally, we analyze how these metaphors are created not only at the level of the signifi er but the signifi ed, that is, through the fragmentation, rupture and experimentation of the language and its syntax.

Understanding Copper speciation and mobilization in soils and mine tailings from “Mineral La Aurora” in central Mexico: contributions from Synchrotron techniques

La concentracion de Elementos Potencialmente Toxicos en desechos mineros suele ser muy alta, en concentraciones que pueden constituir un riesgo para el medio y la salud humana. En este trabajo, se estudiaron jales y suelos del sitio de la mina “La Aurora”, localizado en la region central de Mexico. Este sitio minero fue explotado para Pb, Zn, Ag, Cu y Au y abandonado desde su ultimo ciclo en 1957. Con este proposito se empleo una combinacion de Extracciones Secuenciales, Espectroscopia de Absorcion Atomica de Flama y Tecnicas de Luz Sincrotron. La concentracion de Cu determinada en los jales y suelos se encontro respectivamente en un rango de 125 ± 21 and 1763 ± 10 mg·kg-1 y 22 ± 2 a 88 ± 5 mg·kg-1. La distribucion de Cu en los jales determinada por las Extracciones Secuenciales presento la siguiente tendencia: Soluble en agua > Residual > Unido a materia organica > Intercambiable > Unido a oxidos de Fe-Mn > Unido a carbonatos. En contraste, el Cu en el suelo es retenido principalmente en la fraccion residual, como sigue: Residual > Unido a materia organica > Unido a oxidos de Fe-Mn > Unido a Carbonatos > Soluble en agua > Intercambiable. Los estudios de Espectroscopia de Absorcion de rayos X cerca de la Estructura del Borde, mostraron que el Cu se encuentra presente formando especies altamente solubles de Cu2+ y en menor proporcion como oxidos y sulfuros de Cu+. El Cu contenido en los jales se encuentra bioaccesible y disponible para las plantas, con porcentajes de mas del 50 % en casi todos los puntos estudiados. Todos los jales muestreados superan el limite de la dosis calculada que involucra desordenes gastrointestinales por exposicion cronica

Habitat features influencing jaguar Panthera onca (Carnivora: Felidae) occupancy in Tortuguero National Park, Costa Rica.

Habitat characteristics and human activities are known to play a major role in the occupancy of jaguars Panthera onca across their range, however the key variables influencing jaguar distribution in Tortuguero National Park, Costa Rica, have yet to be identified. This study evaluated jaguar occupancy in Tortuguero National Park and the surrounding area. Jaguar detection/non-detection data was collected using digital camera traps distributed within the boundaries of the protected area. Local community members were also interviewed to determine jaguar occurrence in the Park's buffer zone. Occupancy models were then applied to identify the habitat characteristics that may better explain jaguar distribution across the study area. From June 2012 to June 2013, a total of 4,339 camera trap days were used to identify 18 individual jaguars inside the protected area; 17 of these jaguars were exclusively detected within the coastal habitat, whilst the remaining individual was detected solely within the interior of the Park. Interviewees reported 61 occasions of jaguar presence inside the buffer zone, between 1995 and 2013, with 80% of these described by the communities of Lomas de Sierpe, Barra de Parismina and La Aurora. These communities also reported the highest levels of livestock predation by jaguars (85% of attacks). In the study area, jaguar occurrence was positively correlated with the seasonal presence of nesting green turtles Chelonia mydas, and negatively correlated with distance to the Park boundary. Our findings suggested that the current occupancy of the jaguar in the study area may be a response to: 1) the vast availability of prey (marine turtles) on Tortuguero beach, 2) the decline of its primary prey species as a result of illegal hunting inside the Park, and 3) the increase in anthropogenic pressures in the Park boundaries.

La representación del indio en La aurora en Copacabana de Calderón

The article analyzes the onomastics of the Indian characters, the portrayal of the Inca Empire of Huascar and Atahualpa, and the Christianization of Guacolda and Yupangui in Calderon’s La Aurora en Copacabana. Rational and proactive, these two characters realize the illegitimacy of the Inca idolatry and embrace the true religion, long before the formal start of Peru’s christianization. Thus, it is argued that this specific representation of the Indian may have been influenced by the close circles indianos of Miguel de Aguirre, who allegedly patronized this comedy.