Knowledge Andattitude Research Articles

Vitamin A-related nutrition knowledge gaps and predictors among caregivers of preschool children in Eastern Uganda: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundVitamin A (VA) remains a core micronutrient as VA Deficiency (VAD) in children has persisted as a public health problem in parts of Africa with adverse effects. Caregivers of children are essential in the control of VAD; however, there is a paucity of data on their knowledge of VA, dietary sources, and VAD. This study sought to assess the level of VA-related nutrition knowledge (VANK) and its predictors among caregivers of preschool children in Eastern Uganda.MethodsA cross-sectional analytical design was used. Both socio-demographic and knowledge and attitude (KA) data were collected using a structured questionnaire partly adapted from the FAO model Knowledge, Attitude and Practice (KAP) questionnaire. A sample size of 256 was used. Caregivers of 24–59 months-old children were selected from Bukwo District in Eastern Uganda using purposive and random sampling methods. Knowledge scores (%) based on responses to ten questions were determined and eventually classified as low (≤ 40%) and moderate or high (˃40%). Descriptive and inferential statistics were computed using SPSS (version 24). Logistic regression was used to identify predictors with p < 0.05 considered significant.ResultsThe study had 247 caregivers with a mean age of 30.9 ± 7.7 years. The majority were female (90%), married, subsistence crop farmers and had primary-level education or lower. The mean VANK score was 18.9 ± 24.7%. Overall, most of the caregivers had low VANK as only about 20% had moderate or high. The proportions that knew the different aspects of VANK were correspondingly small. About half of the caregivers (46.6%) knew VA itself and only 27% knew any of its sources. Those who knew VAD, its causes, signs/symptoms and prevention measures were 31, 22, 13 and 24% respectively. The caregivers’ VANK was significantly associated with their overall VA-related attitude, age and level of education. However, education and age were the significant predictors.ConclusionCaregivers had very low VANK. They barely knew VA and its food sources or VAD. The main predictors of VANK were caregiver age and level of education. The study recommends education of caregivers about VA for effective VAD control which contributes to achievement of the Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 2.

Knowledge and attitude toward postoperative antithrombotic management and prevention in patients with coronary revascularization: a cross-sectional study.

This study aimed to explore the knowledge and attitude (KA) toward postoperative antithrombotic management and prevention among coronary artery disease (CAD) patients who underwent coronary revascularization. This cross-sectional study enrolled CAD outpatients and inpatients between May and December 2023 at Kailuan Medical Group at Tangshan. Basic demographic characteristics and KA scores were collected through a self-made questionnaire. This study included 523 valid questionnaires. The mean knowledge and attitude scores were 13.20 ± 6.20 (range: 0-26) and 43.68 ± 6.01 (range: 21-50), respectively, indicating poor knowledge and favorable attitude. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that junior high school education (OR = 2.160, P = 0.035), high school or technical school education (OR = 2.356, P = 0.039), and monthly average income >5,000 RMB (OR = 3.407, P = 0.002) were independently associated with knowledge. Knowledge (OR = 1.095, P = 0.002), BMI ≥ 24.0 kg/m2 (OR = 0.372, P = 0.011), junior high school (OR = 3.699, P = 0.002), high school or technical school (OR = 2.903, P = 0.028), high associate degree or above education (OR = 6.068, P = 0.014), monthly average income 3,000-5,000 RMB (OR = 0.296, P = 0.005), monthly average income > 5,000 RMB (OR = 0.225, P = 0.021), with hypertension (OR = 0.333, P = 0.003), blood tests every 2-3 weeks (OR = 10.811, P = 0.011), blood tests every month (OR = 4.221, P = 0.024), and blood tests every 2-3 months (OR = 3.342, P = 0.033) were independently associated with attitude. CAD patients who underwent coronary revascularization had poor knowledge but favorable attitudes toward postoperative antithrombotic management and prevention. The study underscores the need for targeted education, especially for individuals with lower education and income levels, ultimately improving patient compliance and cardiovascular outcomes.

Knowledge and Attitude towards Post-mortem Examination amongst the Residents of Imphal West

A postmortem examination is still under an umbrella of misconceptions, myths, and emotions amongst thepeople as well as physicians. The knowledge and attitude of the general public towards medicolegal postmortem examination have not been investigated thoroughly. This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude towards postmortem examination amongst the residents of Imphal West. A total of 450 participants were approached and analyzed. It was observed that 41% of the participants had adequate knowledge about the medicolegal postmortem examinations. Further, 11 % of the participants had negative attitude towards the postmortem procedure. Despite having an important role in the machinery of justice, the knowledge andattitude of the general public towards autopsy is still poor. From the findings of our study, it is evident thatmyths, misconceptions and lack of awareness still exist in the minds of people about postmortem examinations.There is a need for clarification about the essence of postmortem examination, which is an important tool in the administration of justice.

Quadrant of difficulty and usefulness for prioritizing community-based disaster preparedness parameter elements

Objective: To prioritize building elements for community-based disaster preparedness parameters, so that priority elements were obtained that had very high benefits but the way to realize them was very difficult. Methodology: This descriptive study included 345 administrators of disaster risk reduction forums and community leaders who were selected using a stratified sampling technique. The research variable was the disaster preparedness parameter. Data were collected by filling out the DUEDP-Questionnaire, which contains attributes of difficulty and usefulness. Data were analyzed using the Quadrant of difficulty-usefulness method and then presented in 4 quadrants. Results: The five parameters of disaster preparedness are knowledge and attitudes (KA), policies (P), emergency response plans (ERP), early warning system (EWS), and resource mobilization (RM). The priority to be realized first is resource mobilization and an early warning system. The priority element as a parameter construct for resource mobilization that must be immediately realized by the disaster risk reduction forum is to train families to be prepared to provide disaster preparedness bags, especially in disaster-prone areas. The priority elements as a parameter construct for an early warning system that will immediately be realized by the disaster risk reduction forum are providing early warning tolls, agreeing on forms of communication of the early warning system to vulnerable and disabled groups, and agreeing on how to respond to the community if there is an early warning of the danger of disaster. Conclusion: Of the five disaster preparedness parameters, what needs to be worked out first by the disaster risk reduction forum for disaster-resilient villages are resource mobilization and an early warning system.

PENGARUH MEDIA VIDEO ANIMASI GIZI SEIMBANG TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP GIZI SEIMBANG SISWA KELAS IV SD HANG TUAH 10 JUANDA

Introduction : Wrong eating habit in elementary school students make nutritional problems. Balanced nutrition education needed by learning media can attract elementary school students’s attention. This investigation seeks to determine the effect of delivering information on balanced nutrition through the use of animated videos on the knowledge and attitudes of fourth-grade students at SD Hang Tuah 10 Juanda, Sidoarjo Regency. Method : Quantitative Research with QuasyExperimental trough Pre Test Post Test Control Group. The sample wasfourth grade pupils at SDHang Tuah 10 Juanda with 96 students. Results:The paired sample T-test revealed that the mean scores for knowledgeand attitude differ before and after the animation video interventionwith sig value (0,00) &lt; 0,05. Independent T-Test shows sig value (0,00) &lt;0,05. Conclusion : Animation in video content influences the knowledgeand attitudes of fourth-grade pupils at SD Hang Tuah 10 Juanda.

Awareness of Contraceptives and Their Use Among Saudi Women Attending Primary Care Centers in King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Background The objective of this cross-sectional study is to identify the prevalence of contraceptive use and the knowledgeand attitudes of Saudi women towards it. Methods We distributed a survey to Saudi women aged 19-49 attending primary care centers under King Abdulaziz Medical City in Riyadh to identify their views on using contraceptives and what they know about them. We calculated the sample size using the Roasoft sample calculator. Results This study enrolled 432 Saudi women. The number of women who were contraceptive users was 249 (57.6%). Among those who were using contraceptives, the most common reason was the idea of taking care of themselves and avoiding consecutive pregnancies (105, 42.2%). Of the non-users, the most common reason was concerns regarding side effects (41%). The most commonly used contraceptive methods were contraceptive pills (55.6%) and intrauterine devices (IUDs) (17.6%). The most commonly used non-pharmacological contraception methods were withdrawal (17.6%) and rhythm (8.6%). Conclusion In this study, factors associated with contraceptive use among Saudi women were explored.Demographic data, type, attitude, and associations provided insight into factors taken into consideration while developing future contraceptives in addition to improving clinical practice.

Analysis of Coastal Community Preparedness for The Tsunami Disaster (Case Study in Bulakan Village, Cinangka District, Serang Regency, Banten)

Cinangka Sub-district in Serang Regency is one of the sub-districts affected by the 2018 Sunda Strait tsunami in Serang Regency. One of the villages in the Cinangka District that was affected by the Sunda Strait tsunami was Bulakan Village. The tsunami disaster is a disaster that occurred suddenly and resulted in many casualties, so the community must know what steps must be taken. This study aims to determine the level of preparedness of coastal communities in Bulakan Village, Cinangka District for Tsunami Disaster. This research uses quantitative methods. Determination of the sample using the Proportional Random Sampling method with a total sample of 92 respondents. Collecting data using questionnaires and interviews with respondents. The questionnaire used to measure the level of community preparedness for the tsunami disaster uses the LIPI-UNESCO/ISDR, 2006 standard with the parameters Knowledge and Attitude (KA), Emergency Response Plan (EP), Disaster Warning System (WS), and Resource Mobilization (RMC). . Based on the research results from the assessment of the parameters of knowledge and attitudes, policies, response plans, disaster warnings and resource mobilization for each RW of Bulakan Village, it can be concluded that the level of preparedness in RW 001 with the ready category is 67. The level of preparedness in RW 002 with the almost ready category is 62. The level of preparedness in RW 003 with the almost ready category is 60. The level of preparedness in RW 004 with the almost ready category is 63. The level of preparedness in RW 005 with the ready category is 69. The level of preparedness in RW 006 with the ready category is 70. Based on the four In this category, the overall preparedness of the Buakan Village community for the tsunami disaster is included in the very prepared category of 67.

Differences in the Effectiveness of Audiovisual Media and Leaflets on the Knowledgeand Attitudes of Mothers of Toddlers in Bogorejo Village About Stunting

One of the factors causing children to suffer from stunting is inappropriate parenting due to the lack of maternal knowledge about stunting and the fulfillment of toddler nutrition. Knowledge affects attitudes and behavior. The way to increase maternal knowledge and attitudes can be done by providing health education using media such as leaflets and audiovisuals. This study aims to determine which media are effective in increasing the knowledge and attitudes of mothers of toddlers regarding stunting. This type of research is Quasi Experiment One Group Pre-Test Post-Test With Control Group.The sample size was 95 respondents and divided into three groups. Questionnaires were used as a data collection tool. The three groups were compared using One Way Anova statistics followed by Tukey test at the 0,05 level of significance. There was a significant difference in the knowledge and attitude of the leaflet and audiovisual groups (p = 0,001) and there was no significant difference in the control group (p = 0,980) after being given health education. Leaflet and audiovisual media are effective for improving the knowledge and attitudes of mothers of toddlers about stunting.

ANALYSING HAND HYGIENE KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE AMONG MEDICAL STUDENTS AND NURSING STAFF: IDENTIFYING THE GAPS

Background: Hand hygiene is regarded as the cornerstone of infection control practices to reducethe cross-transmission of microorganisms, healthcare-associated infections, and the spread of antimicrobial resistance across all healthcare settings. Assessment of knowledge and attitude towards hand hygiene among healthcare workers is essential to plan interventions to improve adherence to hand hygiene. Objective: The present study aimed to study the knowledge and attitude towards hand hygiene among medical students and nursing staff of a newly established tertiary care academic institute in centralIndia. Materials and methods: This Cross-sectional study included 247 participants comprising undergraduate medical students and nursing staff. They were assessed for knowledgeand attitude on hand hygiene using a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the software SPSS (version 21). Result: In the present study, both the group of participants, nursing staff and medical students, had a fair knowledge of many aspects of hand hygiene which was a positive sign. Nursing staff had significantly better knowledge than undergraduate medical students on hand hygiene(p&lt;0.001). The majority of students and nursing staff had positive attitudes about hand hygiene. Conclusion: Though the participants had general knowledge about hand hygiene, they differed in certain areas, like the type of hand hygiene method required in different situations. Identifying the gaps in knowledge regarding hand hygiene helps to plan interventions to improve compliance with hand hygiene.

Nutrition and physical activity knowledge, attitudes, and practices of inpatient cirrhosis care providers.

Hospitalization is a high-risk period for cirrhosis-associated sarcopenia and frailty. This study aimed to measure the knowledge, attitudes, and practice patterns (KAP) of multidisciplinary cirrhosis providers about inhospital nutrition and physical activity care. We conducted an online survey of cirrhosis care providers at a combination of 38 hospitals and healthcare centres in Alberta, Canada. Analysis included descriptive statistics and content analysis. Three hundred thirty-eight responses were analyzed. Across all providers, nutrition and physical activity knowledge and attitude (KA) scores were higher than practice (P) scores. Physicians had lower nutrition KA ( P = 0.010) and nutrition P ( P < 0.001) scores than nonphysicians. Previous cirrhosis-related nutrition or physical activity education was associated with higher nutrition KA ( P < 0.001), nutrition P ( P = 0.036), and physical activity P scores ( P < 0.001). Over half of the participants reported not providing patients with educational resources for nutrition or physical activity and not carrying out nutrition screening. Participant suggestions to optimize care included enhancing patient and provider education, standardizing screening and intervention processes, increasing patient-centered support, and promoting collaboration within the healthcare team. Eighty percentage of participants were willing to provide patients with resources if these were readily available. While provider knowledge and attitudes about the importance of nutrition and physical activity in hospitalized patients with cirrhosis are reasonable, there is considerable room to optimize the delivery of best practices in this patient population. Optimization will require readily available educational and personnel resources and interdisciplinary collaboration to promote system change.

HUBUNGAN ANTARA PENGETAHUAN DAN SIKAP TENAGA KESEHATAN TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN LIMBAH MEDIS DI PUSKESMAS SELAYO, SUMATERA BARAT

In this day and age that waste is a problem serious enough, so many efforts to reduce poverty by means of reducing, recycling and destroy it. The producing a great variety of waste in the form of of liquids, solid and gas. Is not a good medical management waste could cause problem with health care and the environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of knowledgeand attitudes of health workers with medical waste management at community health centerSelayo. The research is of research the quantitative cross sectional. The population in this research is all health workers of community health center Selayo totaled 60 people. The sample technique used is the total sampling. The sample in this research is all health workers medical waste of 60 people.The analysis used in this research use software IBM SPSS Statistics Version 26. The result showed a value of knowledge of health workers (X1) -value =0,000 &lt; significance (Y)= 0,05 which means there is a relationship between knowledge of health workers with medical waste management at community health center Selayo an d a value of attitudes of health workers (X2) -value =0,003 &lt;significance (Y)= 0,05 which means there is a relationship between attitude of health workers with medical waste management at community health center Selayo. A value of ( X1) and value (X2) value=0,000&lt; significance (Y)=0,05 which means there is a relationship between knowledge and attitudes of health workers with medical waste management at community health center Selayo.The existence of a relationship between knowledge and attitudes of health workers with medical waste management, then to expect every health workershould have a good knowledge of and attitudes towards the medical waste management in community health center so that actions taken in the handle and manage medical waste can be run correctly

Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Human Monkeypox Virus Infection among Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Monkeypox (Mpox) is an infectious illness that can spread to humans through infected humans, animals, or contaminated objects. In 2022, the monkeypox virus spread to over 60 countries, raising significant public health concerns. Nurses play a vital role in patient care and have critical responsibilities in managing infected patients and being aware of the potential impact on the general population. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and attitudes (KAs) of Bangladeshi nurses regarding monkeypox infectious disease. A cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2022 and March 2023 to evaluate the KA of nurses. Semi-structured and self-administered questionnaires were used, distributed via Google Form, and a convenient sampling technique was implemented. The dataset was analyzed using the Chi-square test, multivariable logistic regression, and Pearson correlation coefficient. A total of 1047 datasets were included in the final analysis. Overall, 57.97% of the participants demonstrated good knowledge, and 93.12% of the respondents had a positive attitude towards monkeypox disease. Female nurses exhibited better knowledge (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.36; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.88-1.98) and a more positive attitude (AOR 1.64; 95% CI 1.12-3.00) than male nurses. Furthermore, a strong correlation was observed between good knowledge of monkeypox disease and a positive attitude (r = 0.76, p < 0.001), while poor knowledge moderately correlated with a negative attitude (r = 0.53, p < 0.001). Given the need for further improvement in KA, we recommend implementing additional training programs to enhance the abilities and motivation of nurses in effectively managing patients affected by monkeypox.

Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding food additives of food SMEs in Mauritius

A Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP) survey was conducted amongst operational food Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Mauritius and (1) Pearson's Rank Correlation Coefficient was used to determine association between knowledge and attitude (K-A), knowledge and practices (K-P) and attitude and practices (A-P); (2) Chi-square test was used to test for differences of knowledge, attitude and practices with selected demographic factors (gender, level of education, number of years of experience and age group) of respondents; (3) Chi-square test was also used to test for difference of knowledge between the two independent groups; respondents who did not make use of additives and respondents who made use of additives; (4) Independent two samples t-test was used to compare the means (µ) for attitude subscale; and (5) Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to determine the suitability of KAP framework/model. The field study revealed that out of 1020 registered enterprises, only 363 were in operation (35.6%) and in addition to other KAP studies, a database was developed. The database provides information on the number of enterprises per region manufacturing each category of food. Forty-two of the SMEs surveyed made use of food additives out of which 29% had poor knowledge, 4.5% had negative attitude whilst 36% had poor practices. Medium positive correlation was found between (K-A) (0.59), between (K-P) (0.54) and (A-P) (0.46). Education level and age group affect knowledge of respondents (p < 0.05). Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant difference in knowledge between respondents who made use of additives and those who did not use additives (χ2 = 3.02, p = 0.004), however, no difference was observed for the attitude subscale (p-value = 0.641). SEM showed evidence for model fit (RMSEA of 0.04, GFI of 0.81 and TLI of 0.98, CFI of 0.98).

Knowledge and Attitude Towards the use of Contraceptive Methods Among Undergraduates of a Selected Higher Education Institute in Sri Lanka

Unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases are some of the major reproductive health issues commonly encountered globally. As a developing country in South Asia, Sri Lanka has a prevalence rate of 23-46% of unplanned pregnancies. Two percent (2%) of government clinic attendees are detected with sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and it is continually increasing among the young population. Poor knowledge, awareness and undesirable attitude towards contraception usage are some of the major factors associated with unintended pregnancies and transmission of STDs. Undergraduates are a vulnerable population to unintended pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases. Therefore, this study was conducted with the objective of assessing the knowledge and attitudes towards the use of contraceptive methods among undergraduates of KIU. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted enrolling 304 undergraduates of 18 to 30 years of age using the simple random sampling method. Data were collected using a pre-tested self-administered questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic details and questions to assess participants’ knowledge and attitudes. The knowledge section of the questionnaire was marked out of 34 points, ones who obtained 0-12 marks were considered to have poor knowledge 13-24 as average knowledge and above 25 as good knowledge. The likert scale was used to assess the attitude section of the questionnaire. The results of the study revealed that the majority were females 62.5% (n=190) and 76.32% (n=232) of the study participants were from the age category of 23-27 years. Eighty-four percent (84%, n=255) of the study sample possessed a satisfactory level of knowledge in contraceptive methods and females showed a higher level of knowledge than males (p=0.002). Health science students had a higher level of knowledge than non-health science students (p=0.001). In conclusion, though the study population displays an overall positive attitude towards family planning methods, knowledge in this regard is average.

A NIGHTMARE FOR TRANSPLANT PHYSICIANS: BONE MARROW DONOR CANDIDATES WITHDRAWING FROM THE DONATION PROCESS

OBJECTIVE: Although there have been remarkable developments regarding stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) in Turkey, but the number of people who would like to be stem cell donors is not yet at the desired level. The present study aimed to assess the effect of the training delivered by specialists on the thoughts and decisions of the health employees working in our center on being HSCT donors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Employees in the health sector who have not received any training in HSCT were included in the study. A half-hour of collective training for all participants was delivered by the General Directorate of Health Services Turkey Stem Cell Coordination Center (TÜRKÖK) on January 11-12, 2018. The present study included 274 health employeeswho attended the training delivered by TÜRKÖK. The pre-testand post-test were applied to determine the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants, their knowledge andattitudes about stem cell transplantation before and after thetraining, and the factors that motivate and prevent them frombeing a donor. RESULTS: Among the 95 participants, who did not think about being a donor before receiving education, the factors that caused them to not want to be a donor the most were their distrust of the health system (16.5%), the worry of causing pain (15.4%), and the thought that being a bone marrow donor had a negative impact on health (13.4%). A statistically significant increase was found in the rate of those who think about becoming a stem cell transplant donor after education (p:,0001), those who think they have enough information about stem cell transplant (p:,0001), those who think they know where to apply to be a stem cell donor (p:,000) those who thought that the society was sufficiently informed about stem cell transplantation (p:,0001). While 67.3% (171 people) of the participants stated that their determination to be a donor would continue until the end of the whole process, 32.7% (83 people) stated that they could stop being a donor. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that continuing giving such trainings, especially in institutions, will contribute to the increase of the number of stem cell donor volunteers to a sufficient level by raising awareness on the subject and reducing false beliefs in our country.

Utilization Intention of Community Pharmacy Service under the Dual Threats of Air Pollution and COVID-19 Epidemic: Moderating Effects of Knowledge and Attitude toward COVID-19.

The utilization of pharmacy services in response to the threat of COVID-19 infection remains unclear in areas suffering from air pollution, and little is known regarding the effects of knowledge and attitude (KA) toward COVID-19 on this preventive behavior. This study aimed to explore how the residents perceived and reacted to the new threats of the epidemic and how KA may affect the correlation. Based on the health belief model (HBM), this research took the pharmacy service utilization (PSU) as an example to explain the preventive behavior. The samples were 375 respondents recruited from five districts near the industrial parks. T-test, ANOVA, and regression analyses of SPSS 22.0 were used to analyze the data. Test results show that self-efficacy was the strongest predictor, followed by the net perceived benefit. KA moderated the association of perceived threat and PSU intention. The levels of air pollution of a district may not be a good predictor for the preventive behavior against COVID-19.

Nurses’ Knowledge About Wound Care

Introduction. Nurses’ knowledge can directly lead to treatment outcomes. Aim. To investigate the knowledge and attitudes of nurses regarding chronic wounds and to compare the nurses who participated in the study according to their level of education, years of experience, and place of work. Methods. Anonymous questionnaire about wound care knowledge was completed by 193 nurses with different educational backgrounds in three counties from central Croatia. The study was conducted during lectures organized through plans for continued education. Results. Most respondents had &amp;gt;5 years of experience, are employed in a hospital and have secondary education in nursing. Nurses with secondary education and less than five years of experience had better knowledge regarding leg ulcers. Hospital nurses state that they have insufficient knowledge about wound healing; however, doctors are more accessible to them. Conclusion. This study examined nurses’ knowledge and attitudes regarding wound care. Mixed results indicate the need for further and more detailed research.

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Childhood Behaviour Disorder Autism Among Mothers Child with Autism of Selected Developmental Centres of Agartala, Tripura, India

Abstract: Childhood Behaviour Disorder Autism is a fast growing problem worldwide according to presentscenario. 1 in 100 children in India are suffering from childhood behaviour disorder Autism. This disorder hasa drastic negative impact on the normal development of a child. Mothers are the primary care giver for theirchildren. So that a strong knowledge and attitude of mothers child with Autism is the vital factor in properguidance for behaviour management of their under developed child.Aim: The present pilot study was carried out with the aim of assessment of knowledge and attitude regardingchildhood behaviour disorder Autism among mothers child with Autism.Material and method: 50 mothers child with Autism were selected for present experimental pilot study.Purposive sampling technique, structured teaching programme, semi structured questionnaire based onknowledge and attitude were implemented. The present pilot study was carried out 6.1.2022 to 13.1.2022 in theDistrict Disability Rehabilitation Centre of Agartala.Result: pre-test knowledge of mothers about child hood behaviour disorder mean was 5.05, post-test knowledgeof mothers about child hood behaviour disorder mean was 11.75 with standard deviation 2.195,t test value18.160 and p value .000.So the result of pilot study of knowledge among mothers is significant. Pre-test positive(favourable) Attitude response mean was 10.7255, post test positive Attitude response was 13.2745, Standarddeviation of pre-test positive response 1.73296, t test value 50, df 50 and p value .000, so favourable attituderesponse is significant.Conclusion: Mothers with lower in education, non-availability of child development centres facility and financialsupport, lack of awareness regarding Autism negatively impacted the study result which significantly improvedin the end result of this experimental comparative study. Proper health education for improvement of knowledgeand attitude is an important key factor for mothers how they should treat and care their child. According to thestudy education of mothers, financial support, healthcare support are the most important factors which canimprove the knowledge and attitude of mothers.

Nurses’ Knowledge and Attitudes towards Palliative Care: A Study in a Western Province in Indonesia

Background: The delay in the development of palliative care in Indonesia is also related to the dearthof studies related to palliative care in Indonesia, including the study of nurses’ knowledge and attitudestowards palliative care. Efforts are needed to explore the knowledge and attitudes of nurses aboutpalliative care. This research was aimed to identify the determinants of related factors to knowledge andattitudes of nurses towards palliative care.Methods: A quantitative research with cross sectional study design was used for research. Data wascollected by using several well-reported questionnaires, namely the the Palliative Care Quiz for Nurses(PCQN) questionnaire to assess level of knowledge, and the Frommelt Attitudes Toward Care ofthe Dying Scale (FATCOD) Form-B questionnaire to analyze nurses’ attitudes. With the SystematicRandom Sampling, 256 nurses participated in this online survey. The respondent’s response rate whichwas 94.9%.Conclusions: This research showed that there was no significant relationship between knowledgeand nurses’ attitudes about palliative care. However, there was a significant relationship between age,and training of palliative with nurses’ knowledge of palliative care. Level of education, and nurses‘employment status with nurses’ attitudes about palliative care also showed a significant relationship.Further analysis revealed that level of education was the only predictor which related to nurses’ attitudesabout palliative care.

Knowledge and Attitude of Mothers Regarding Rabies and its Preventive Measure

Background: Rabies is acute viral disease of the nervous system caused by Rhabdo viridaeLyssa virus present in saliva of rabid animals. The aim of this study was to assess knowledge andattitude of mothers regarding rabies and its preventive measures. Research design: A descriptive crosssectional study will be conducted in this study. Setting: The study was conducted at Maternal andChild Health Center (B) at Benha City. Sample: Simple random sample was used included 360mothers. Tools of data collection: A structured interviewing questionnaire was used to assessdemographic data of the studied mothers, mothers’ knowledge about rabies, and mothers’ attitudetoward rabies. Results: 41.4% of the studied mothers aged 40 years and more, 41.7% of mothers hadsecondary educational level. 93.1% of the studied mothers had poor knowledge score. 57.5% of thestudied mothers had indifferent total attitude score. There were a highly statistically significantrelations between demographic characteristics of the studied mothers and their age, educational level,occupation and family income and family size (p between the studied mothers' attitude and their socio demographic characteristics (age, educationallevel, occupation, residence, family income and family size) (p>0.05). Conclusion: There was a highlystatistically significant correlation between total knowledge and attitudes of the studied mothers relatedto rabies (P<0.001). Recommendations: Health educational program should be developed andimplemented for mothers about rabies to educate them with the most current information and attitudeabout the disease and its preventive measures. Booklets should be available and distributed to allmothers about the disease and health-related practices. All possible forms of mass media such as T.V.,Radio, and posters are needed to help in disseminating information about rabies.